1
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Xu J, Du J, Zhong Y, Zhang H, Zhou L, Yao Q. Blockage of CD72 reduces B cell proliferation in immune thrombocytopenic purpura, involving interleukin 1 and macrophage migration inhibitory factor secretion. Hematology 2022; 27:1196-1203. [DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2022.2140992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Xu
- Hematology Department, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingwen Du
- Hematology Department, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuxia Zhong
- Hematology Department, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Honghao Zhang
- Hematology Department, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Zhou
- Hematology Department, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Yao
- Hematology Department, Shunde Hospital of Sourthern Medical University, Foshan, People’s Republic of China
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2
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Single-cell Atlas of common variable immunodeficiency shows germinal center-associated epigenetic dysregulation in B-cell responses. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1779. [PMID: 35365635 PMCID: PMC8975885 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29450-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), the most prevalent symptomatic primary immunodeficiency, displays impaired terminal B-cell differentiation and defective antibody responses. Incomplete genetic penetrance and ample phenotypic expressivity in CVID suggest the participation of additional pathogenic mechanisms. Monozygotic (MZ) twins discordant for CVID are uniquely valuable for studying the contribution of epigenetics to the disease. Here, we generate a single-cell epigenomics and transcriptomics census of naïve-to-memory B cell differentiation in a CVID-discordant MZ twin pair. Our analysis identifies DNA methylation, chromatin accessibility and transcriptional defects in memory B-cells mirroring defective cell-cell communication upon activation. These findings are validated in a cohort of CVID patients and healthy donors. Our findings provide a comprehensive multi-omics map of alterations in naïve-to-memory B-cell transition in CVID and indicate links between the epigenome and immune cell cross-talk. Our resource, publicly available at the Human Cell Atlas, gives insight into future diagnosis and treatments of CVID patients. Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most prevalent primary immunodeficiency. Here the authors perform single-cell omics analyses in CVID-discordant monozygotic twins and show epigenetic and transcriptional alterations associated with activation in memory B cells.
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Hou Z, Wang L, Su D, Cai W, Zhu Y, Liu D, Huang S, Xu J, Pan Z, Tao J. Global MicroRNAs Expression Profile Analysis Reveals Possible Regulatory Mechanisms of Brain Injury Induced by Toxoplasma gondii Infection. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:827570. [PMID: 35360170 PMCID: PMC8961362 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.827570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is an obligate intracellular parasitic protozoan that can cause toxoplasmosis in humans and other endotherms. T. gondii can manipulate the host gene expression profile by interfering with miRNA expression, which is closely associated with the molecular mechanisms of T. gondii-induced brain injury. However, it is unclear how T. gondii manipulates the gene expression of central nervous system (CNS) cells through modulation of miRNA expression in vivo during acute and chronic infection. Therefore, high-throughput sequencing was used to investigate expression profiles of brain miRNAs at 10, 25, and 50 days post-infection (DPI) in pigs infected with the Chinese I genotype T. gondii strain in this study. Compared with the control group 87, 68, and 135 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were identified in the infected porcine brains at 10, 25, and 50 DPI, respectively. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis showed that a large number significantly enriched GO terms and KEGG pathways were found, and were mostly associated with stimulus or immune response, signal transduction, cell death or apoptosis, metabolic processes, immune system or diseases, and cancers. miRNA–gene network analysis revealed that the crucial connecting nodes, including DEMs and their target genes, might have key roles in the interactions between porcine brain and T. gondii. These results suggest that the regulatory strategies of T. gondii are involved in the modulation of a variety of host cell signaling pathways and cellular processes, containing unfolded protein response (UPR), oxidative stress (OS), autophagy, apoptosis, tumorigenesis, and inflammatory responses, by interfering with the global miRNA expression profile of CNS cells, allowing parasites to persist in the host CNS cells and contribute to pathological damage of porcine brain. To our knowledge, this is the first report on miRNA expression profile in porcine brains during acute and chronic T. gondii infection in vivo. Our results provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying T. gondii-induced brain injury during different infection stages and novel targets for developing therapeutic agents against T. gondii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaofeng Hou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, China
| | - Lele Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, China
| | - Dingzeyang Su
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, China
| | - Weimin Cai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, China
| | - Dandan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, China
| | - Siyang Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jinjun Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhiming Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jianping Tao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jianping Tao,
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4
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Dual-Function Semaphorin 4D Released by Platelets: Suppression of Osteoblastogenesis and Promotion of Osteoclastogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23062938. [PMID: 35328359 PMCID: PMC8955605 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23062938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Effects of the antiosteoblastogenesis factor Semaphorin 4D (Sema4D), expressed by thrombin-activated platelets (TPs), on osteoblastogenesis, as well as osteoclastogenesis, were investigated in vitro. Intact platelets released both Sema4D and IGF-1. However, in response to stimulation with thrombin, platelets upregulated the release of Sema4D, but not IGF-1. Anti-Sema4D-neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mAb) upregulated TP-mediated osteoblastogenesis in MC3T3-E1 osteoblast precursors. MC3T3-E1 cells exposed to TPs induced phosphorylation of Akt and ERK further upregulated by the addition of anti-sema4D-mAb, suggesting the suppressive effects of TP-expressing Sema4D on osteoblastogenesis. On the other hand, TPs promoted RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis in the primary culture of bone-marrow-derived mononuclear cells (BMMCs). Among the known three receptors of Sema4D, including Plexin B1, Plexin B2 and CD72, little Plexin B2 was detected, and no Plexin B1 was detected, but a high level of CD72 mRNA was detected in RANKL-stimulated BMMCs by qPCR. Both anti-Sema4D-mAb and anti-CD72-mAb suppressed RANKL-induced osteoclast formation and bone resorptive activity, suggesting that Sema4D released by TPs promotes osteoclastogenesis via ligation to a CD72 receptor. This study demonstrated that Sema4D released by TPs suppresses osteogenic activity and promotes osteoclastogenesis, suggesting the novel property of platelets in bone-remodeling processes.
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5
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Shen Y, Ma Y, Xie J, Lin L, Shi Y, Li X, Shen P, Pan X, Ren H. A regulatory role for CD72 expression on B cells and increased soluble CD72 in primary Sjogren's syndrome. BMC Immunol 2020; 21:21. [PMID: 32306893 PMCID: PMC7168817 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-020-00351-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD72, a co-receptor of B cell receptor (BCR), has been reported to have both positive and negative effects on B cell functions in several immunological diseases. The B cell plays an important role in the pathogenesis of primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS). However, whether CD72 is involved in the process remains unknown. This study aimed to observe the possible role of CD72 in the pathogenesis of pSS. RESULTS A total of 60 cases who fulfilled the American-European Consensus Group (AECG) criteria for the diagnosis of pSS and 61 gender and age-matched healthy controls were recruited in this study. The percentage of CD72+ B cells was 85.31 ± 8.37% in pSS patients and 76.91 ± 8.50% in healthy controls(p < 0.001). The percentage of CD72+ B cells was correlated to serum IgG levels in patients [β = 0.018(0.001-0.036), p = 0.034]. The level of serum soluble CD72 was significantly higher in pSS patients than the one in healthy controls (0.41 (0.29) vs 0.07 (0.08) ng/mL, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The percentage of CD72+ B cells was upregulated in pSS patients and was correlated to the serum IgG level, which revealed the hyperactivity of B cells in this disease. The serum soluble CD72 level was also increased in pSS patients. These results indicated a potential role of CD72 in the pathogenesis of pSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Shen
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yuhua Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of KunShan, Suzhou, China
| | - Jingyuan Xie
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yifan Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Pingyan Shen
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xiaoxia Pan
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Hong Ren
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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6
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Lund H, Bakke AF, Sommerset I, Afanasyev S, Schriwer G, Thorisdottir A, Boysen P, Krasnov A. A time-course study of gene expression and antibody repertoire at early time post vaccination of Atlantic salmon. Mol Immunol 2019; 106:99-107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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7
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Bardini M, Trentin L, Rizzo F, Vieri M, Savino AM, Garrido Castro P, Fazio G, Van Roon EHJ, Kerstjens M, Smithers N, Prinjha RK, Te Kronnie G, Basso G, Stam RW, Pieters R, Biondi A, Cazzaniga G. Antileukemic Efficacy of BET Inhibitor in a Preclinical Mouse Model of MLL-AF4 + Infant ALL. Mol Cancer Ther 2018; 17:1705-1716. [PMID: 29748211 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-1123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
MLL-rearranged acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) occurring in infants is a rare but very aggressive leukemia, typically associated with a dismal prognosis. Despite the development of specific therapeutic protocols, infant patients with MLL-rearranged ALL still suffer from a low cure rate. At present, novel therapeutic approaches are urgently needed. Recently, the use of small molecule inhibitors targeting the epigenetic regulators of the MLL complex emerged as a promising strategy for the development of a targeted therapy. Herein, we have investigated the effects of bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) function abrogation in a preclinical mouse model of MLL-AF4+ infant ALL using the BET inhibitor I-BET151. We reported that I-BET151 is able to arrest the growth of MLL-AF4+ leukemic cells in vitro, by blocking cell division and rapidly inducing apoptosis. Treatment with I-BET151 in vivo impairs the leukemic engraftment of patient-derived primary samples and lower the disease burden in mice. I-BET151 affects the transcriptional profile of MLL-rearranged ALL through the deregulation of BRD4, HOXA7/HOXA9, and RUNX1 gene networks. Moreover, I-BET151 treatment sensitizes glucocorticoid-resistant MLL-rearranged cells to prednisolone in vitro and is more efficient when used in combination with HDAC inhibitors, both in vitro and in vivo Given the aggressiveness of the disease, the failure of the current therapies and the lack of an ultimate cure, this study paves the way for the use of BET inhibitors to treat MLL-rearranged infant ALL for future clinical applications. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(8); 1705-16. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Bardini
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Pediatric Clinic, University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy. .,Department of Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Luca Trentin
- Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Francesca Rizzo
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Pediatric Clinic, University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - Margherita Vieri
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Pediatric Clinic, University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - Angela M Savino
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Pediatric Clinic, University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - Patricia Garrido Castro
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Grazia Fazio
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Pediatric Clinic, University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy.,Department of Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Eddy H J Van Roon
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mark Kerstjens
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nicholas Smithers
- Epinova DPU, Immuno-Inflammation Therapy Area, GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, England, United Kingdom
| | - Rab K Prinjha
- Epinova DPU, Immuno-Inflammation Therapy Area, GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, England, United Kingdom
| | | | - Giuseppe Basso
- Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Ronald W Stam
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Rob Pieters
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Andrea Biondi
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Pediatric Clinic, University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy.,Department of Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Gianni Cazzaniga
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Pediatric Clinic, University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
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8
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Simoni L, Delgado V, Ruer-Laventie J, Bouis D, Soley A, Heyer V, Robert I, Gies V, Martin T, Korganow AS, Reina-San-Martin B, Soulas-Sprauel P. Trib1 Is Overexpressed in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, While It Regulates Immunoglobulin Production in Murine B Cells. Front Immunol 2018; 9:373. [PMID: 29599769 PMCID: PMC5862796 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a severe and heterogeneous autoimmune disease
with a complex genetic etiology, characterized by the production of various
pathogenic autoantibodies, which participate in end-organ damages. The majority of
human SLE occurs in adults as a polygenic disease, and clinical flares interspersed
with silent phases of various lengths characterize the usual evolution of the disease
in time. Trying to understand the mechanism of the different phenotypic traits of the
disease, and considering the central role of B cells in SLE, we previously performed
a detailed wide analysis of gene expression variation in B cells from quiescent SLE
patients. This analysis pointed out an overexpression of TRIB1.
TRIB1 is a pseudokinase that has been implicated in the development of leukemia and
also metabolic disorders. It is hypothesized that Trib1 plays an adapter or scaffold
function in signaling pathways, notably in MAPK pathways. Therefore, we planned to
understand the functional significance of TRIB1 overexpression in B
cells in SLE. We produced a new knock-in model with B-cell-specific overexpression of
Trib1. We showed that overexpression of Trib1
specifically in B cells does not impact B cell development nor induce any development
of SLE symptoms in the mice. By contrast, Trib1 has a negative regulatory function on
the production of immunoglobulins, notably IgG1, but also on the production of
autoantibodies in an induced model. We observed a decrease of Erk activation in
BCR-stimulated Trib1 overexpressing B cells. Finally, we searched
for Trib1 partners in B cells by proteomic analysis in order to explore the
regulatory function of Trib1 in B cells. Interestingly, we find an interaction
between Trib1 and CD72, a negative regulator of B cells whose deficiency in mice
leads to the development of autoimmunity. In conclusion, the overexpression of
Trib1 could be one of the molecular pathways implicated in the
negative regulation of B cells during SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Simoni
- CNRS UPR 3572 "Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry"/Laboratory of Excellence Medalis, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology (IBMC), Strasbourg, France
| | - Virginia Delgado
- CNRS UPR 3572 "Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry"/Laboratory of Excellence Medalis, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology (IBMC), Strasbourg, France
| | - Julie Ruer-Laventie
- CNRS UPR 3572 "Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry"/Laboratory of Excellence Medalis, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology (IBMC), Strasbourg, France
| | - Delphine Bouis
- CNRS UPR 3572 "Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry"/Laboratory of Excellence Medalis, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology (IBMC), Strasbourg, France
| | - Anne Soley
- CNRS UPR 3572 "Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry"/Laboratory of Excellence Medalis, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology (IBMC), Strasbourg, France.,UFR Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Vincent Heyer
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch, France
| | - Isabelle Robert
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U964, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR7104, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Vincent Gies
- CNRS UPR 3572 "Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry"/Laboratory of Excellence Medalis, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology (IBMC), Strasbourg, France.,UFR Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Department of Clinical Immunology and Internal Medicine, National Reference Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Thierry Martin
- CNRS UPR 3572 "Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry"/Laboratory of Excellence Medalis, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology (IBMC), Strasbourg, France.,UFR Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Department of Clinical Immunology and Internal Medicine, National Reference Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Korganow
- CNRS UPR 3572 "Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry"/Laboratory of Excellence Medalis, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology (IBMC), Strasbourg, France.,UFR Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Department of Clinical Immunology and Internal Medicine, National Reference Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Bernardo Reina-San-Martin
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U964, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR7104, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Pauline Soulas-Sprauel
- CNRS UPR 3572 "Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry"/Laboratory of Excellence Medalis, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology (IBMC), Strasbourg, France.,UFR Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Department of Clinical Immunology and Internal Medicine, National Reference Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,UFR Sciences pharmaceutiques, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
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9
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Shen S, Ke Y, Dang E, Fang H, Chang Y, Zhang J, Zhu Z, Shao S, Qiao P, Zhang T, Qiao H, Wang G. Semaphorin 4D from CD15 + Granulocytes via ADAM10-Induced Cleavage Contributes to Antibody Production in Bullous Pemphigoid. J Invest Dermatol 2018; 138:588-597. [PMID: 29054606 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Autoreactive B-cell activation and antibody production are critical events for the development of bullous pemphigoid (BP). However, the mechanism that is involved in the modulation of B-cell activation and autoantibody generation has not been fully understood. Semaphorin 4D (Sema4D, or CD100) plays important roles in immune regulation related to B cells, but its implications in BP remain obscure. The aim of our study was to characterize Sema4D and the underlying mechanism contributing to the autoimmune features of BP. We found that soluble Sema4D (sSema4D) levels were elevated and correlated with disease severity and activity in serum and blister fluids from patients with BP. Additionally, Sema4D-expressing cells accumulated in subepidermal blisters of BP lesions. In patient-derived peripheral blood mononuclear cells, by promoting the differentiation of B cells into plasmablasts, sSema4D boosted anti-BP180/anti-BP230 antibody production in a time- and dose-dependent manner, which may be attributed to CD72-mediated activation of Akt/NF-κB phosphorylated (p-)65/ERK cascades in B cells. We determined that a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 10 is a proteolytic enzyme for the cleavage of sSema4D from CD15+ granulocytes instead of T cells, which is probably responsible for the high concentration of sSema4D in BP blister fluid and serum. These findings suggest that Sema4D is a crucial participant in BP pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengxian Shen
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yao Ke
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Department of Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Erle Dang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui Fang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuqian Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jieyu Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhenlai Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuai Shao
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pei Qiao
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tongmei Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongjiang Qiao
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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10
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PTIP chromatin regulator controls development and activation of B cell subsets to license humoral immunity in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E9328-E9337. [PMID: 29078319 PMCID: PMC5676899 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1707938114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To provide optimal host defense, the full spectrum of antibody-based immunity requires natural antibodies and immunization-induced antigen-specific antibodies. Here we show that the PTIP (Pax transactivation domain-interacting protein) chromatin regulator is induced by B cell activation to potentiate the establishment of steady-state and postimmune serum antibody levels. It does so by promoting activation-associated proliferation and differentiation of all the major B cell subsets, at least in part, through regulating the NF-κB pathway. With the genetic basis still unknown for a majority of patients with common variable immunodeficiency, further work investigating how PTIP controls cell signaling may generate valuable new insight for human health and disease. B cell receptor signaling and downstream NF-κB activity are crucial for the maturation and functionality of all major B cell subsets, yet the molecular players in these signaling events are not fully understood. Here we use several genetically modified mouse models to demonstrate that expression of the multifunctional BRCT (BRCA1 C-terminal) domain-containing PTIP (Pax transactivation domain-interacting protein) chromatin regulator is controlled by B cell activation and potentiates steady-state and postimmune antibody production in vivo. By examining the effects of PTIP deficiency in mice at various ages during ontogeny, we demonstrate that PTIP promotes bone marrow B cell development as well as the neonatal establishment and subsequent long-term maintenance of self-reactive B-1 B cells. Furthermore, we find that PTIP is required for B cell receptor- and T:B interaction-induced proliferation, differentiation of follicular B cells during germinal center formation, and normal signaling through the classical NF-κB pathway. Together with the previously identified role for PTIP in promoting sterile transcription at the Igh locus, the present results establish PTIP as a licensing factor for humoral immunity that acts at several junctures of B lineage maturation and effector cell differentiation by controlling B cell activation.
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Taher TE, Bystrom J, Ong VH, Isenberg DA, Renaudineau Y, Abraham DJ, Mageed RA. Intracellular B Lymphocyte Signalling and the Regulation of Humoral Immunity and Autoimmunity. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2017; 53:237-264. [PMID: 28456914 PMCID: PMC5597704 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-017-8609-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
B lymphocytes are critical for effective immunity; they produce antibodies and cytokines, present antigens to T lymphocytes and regulate immune responses. However, because of the inherent randomness in the process of generating their vast repertoire of antigen-specific receptors, B cells can also cause diseases through recognizing and reacting to self. Therefore, B lymphocyte selection and responses require tight regulation at multiple levels and at all stages of their development and activation to avoid diseases. Indeed, newly generated B lymphocytes undergo rigorous tolerance mechanisms in the bone marrow and, subsequently, in the periphery after their migration. Furthermore, activation of mature B cells is regulated through controlled expression of co-stimulatory receptors and intracellular signalling thresholds. All these regulatory events determine whether and how B lymphocytes respond to antigens, by undergoing apoptosis or proliferation. However, defects that alter regulated co-stimulatory receptor expression or intracellular signalling thresholds can lead to diseases. For example, autoimmune diseases can result from altered regulation of B cell responses leading to the emergence of high-affinity autoreactive B cells, autoantibody production and tissue damage. The exact cause(s) of defective B cell responses in autoimmune diseases remains unknown. However, there is evidence that defects or mutations in genes that encode individual intracellular signalling proteins lead to autoimmune diseases, thus confirming that defects in intracellular pathways mediate autoimmune diseases. This review provides a synopsis of current knowledge of signalling proteins and pathways that regulate B lymphocyte responses and how defects in these could promote autoimmune diseases. Most of the evidence comes from studies of mouse models of disease and from genetically engineered mice. Some, however, also come from studying B lymphocytes from patients and from genome-wide association studies. Defining proteins and signalling pathways that underpin atypical B cell response in diseases will help in understanding disease mechanisms and provide new therapeutic avenues for precision therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taher E Taher
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Jonas Bystrom
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Voon H Ong
- Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Yves Renaudineau
- Immunology Laboratory, University of Brest Medical School, Brest, France
| | - David J Abraham
- Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, London, UK
| | - Rizgar A Mageed
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
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Lyu M, Hao Y, Li Y, Lyu C, Liu W, Li H, Xue F, Liu X, Yang R. Upregulation of CD72 expression on CD19+CD27+memory B cells by CD40L in primary immune thrombocytopenia. Br J Haematol 2017; 178:308-318. [PMID: 28419421 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.14671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingen Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Haematology; Institute of Haematology and Blood Disease Hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Tianjin China
- Department of Haematology; Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Suzhou Municipal Hospital); Suzhou China
| | - Yating Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Haematology; Institute of Haematology and Blood Disease Hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Tianjin China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Haematology; Institute of Haematology and Blood Disease Hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Tianjin China
| | - Cuicui Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Haematology; Institute of Haematology and Blood Disease Hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Tianjin China
| | - Wenjie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Haematology; Institute of Haematology and Blood Disease Hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Tianjin China
| | - Huiyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Haematology; Institute of Haematology and Blood Disease Hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Tianjin China
| | - Feng Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Haematology; Institute of Haematology and Blood Disease Hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Tianjin China
| | - Xiaofan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Haematology; Institute of Haematology and Blood Disease Hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Tianjin China
| | - Renchi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Haematology; Institute of Haematology and Blood Disease Hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Tianjin China
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13
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Bosch R, Mora A, Vicente EP, Ferrer G, Jansà S, Damle R, Gorlatov S, Rai K, Montserrat E, Nomdedeu J, Pratcorona M, Blanco L, Saavedra S, Garrido A, Esquirol A, Garcia I, Granell M, Martino R, Delgado J, Sierra J, Chiorazzi N, Moreno C. FcγRIIb expression in early stage chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2017; 58:2642-2648. [PMID: 28372509 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2017.1307981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In normal B-cells, B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling can be negatively regulated by the low-affinity receptor FcγRIIb (CD32b). To better understand the role of FcγRIIb in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), we correlated its expression on 155 samples from newly-diagnosed Binet A patients with clinical characteristics and outcome. FcγRIIb expression was similar in normal B-cells and leukemic cells, this being heterogenous among patients and within CLL clones. FcγRIIb expression did not correlate with well known prognostic markers [disease stage, serum beta-2 microglobulin (B2M), IGHV mutational status, expression of ZAP-70 and CD38, and cytogenetics] except for a weak concordance with CD49d. Moreover, patients with low FcγRIIb expression (69/155, 44.5%) required therapy earlier than those with high FcγRIIb expression (86/155, 55.5%) (median 151.4 months vs. not reached; p=.071). These results encourage further investigation on the role of FcγRIIb in CLL biology and prognostic significance in larger series of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Bosch
- a Laboratory of Oncology/Hematology and Transplantation , Institute of Biomedical Research, IIB Sant Pau , Barcelona , Spain.,b Department of Hematology , Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Alba Mora
- a Laboratory of Oncology/Hematology and Transplantation , Institute of Biomedical Research, IIB Sant Pau , Barcelona , Spain.,b Department of Hematology , Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Eva Puy Vicente
- a Laboratory of Oncology/Hematology and Transplantation , Institute of Biomedical Research, IIB Sant Pau , Barcelona , Spain.,b Department of Hematology , Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Gerardo Ferrer
- c Karches Centre for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Research, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research , Manhasset , NY , USA
| | - Sonia Jansà
- d Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology , University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Rajendra Damle
- c Karches Centre for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Research, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research , Manhasset , NY , USA
| | | | - Kanti Rai
- f Haematology/Oncology, Oncology LIJ Medical Centre , Lake Success , NY , USA
| | - Emili Montserrat
- g Department of Hematology , Institute of Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Josep Nomdedeu
- h Laboratory of Hematology , Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Marta Pratcorona
- h Laboratory of Hematology , Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Laura Blanco
- h Laboratory of Hematology , Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Silvana Saavedra
- b Department of Hematology , Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Ana Garrido
- b Department of Hematology , Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Albert Esquirol
- b Department of Hematology , Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Irene Garcia
- b Department of Hematology , Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Miquel Granell
- b Department of Hematology , Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Rodrigo Martino
- b Department of Hematology , Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Julio Delgado
- g Department of Hematology , Institute of Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Jorge Sierra
- a Laboratory of Oncology/Hematology and Transplantation , Institute of Biomedical Research, IIB Sant Pau , Barcelona , Spain.,b Department of Hematology , Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Nicholas Chiorazzi
- c Karches Centre for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Research, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research , Manhasset , NY , USA
| | - Carol Moreno
- a Laboratory of Oncology/Hematology and Transplantation , Institute of Biomedical Research, IIB Sant Pau , Barcelona , Spain.,b Department of Hematology , Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
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Vadasz Z, Goldeberg Y, Halasz K, Rosner I, Valesini G, Conti F, Perricone C, Sthoeger Z, Bezalel SR, Tzioufas AG, Levin NA, Shoenfeld Y, Toubi E. Increased soluble CD72 in systemic lupus erythematosus is in association with disease activity and lupus nephritis. Clin Immunol 2016; 164:114-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Wilk E, Pandey AK, Leist SR, Hatesuer B, Preusse M, Pommerenke C, Wang J, Schughart K. RNAseq expression analysis of resistant and susceptible mice after influenza A virus infection identifies novel genes associated with virus replication and important for host resistance to infection. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:655. [PMID: 26329040 PMCID: PMC4557482 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1867-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The host response to influenza A infections is strongly influenced by host genetic factors. Animal models of genetically diverse mouse strains are well suited to identify host genes involved in severe pathology, viral replication and immune responses. Here, we have utilized a dual RNAseq approach that allowed us to investigate both viral and host gene expression in the same individual mouse after H1N1 infection. Results We performed a detailed expression analysis to identify (i) correlations between changes in expression of host and virus genes, (ii) host genes involved in viral replication, and (iii) genes showing differential expression between two mouse strains that strongly differ in resistance to influenza infections. These genes may be key players involved in regulating the differences in pathogenesis and host defense mechanisms after influenza A infections. Expression levels of influenza segments correlated well with the viral load and may thus be used as surrogates for conventional viral load measurements. Furthermore, we investigated the functional role of two genes, Reg3g and Irf7, in knock-out mice and found that deletion of the Irf7 gene renders the host highly susceptible to H1N1 infection. Conclusions Using RNAseq analysis we identified novel genes important for viral replication or the host defense. This study adds further important knowledge to host-pathogen-interactions and suggests additional candidates that are crucial for host susceptibility or survival during influenza A infections. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1867-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Wilk
- Department of Infection Genetics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ashutosh K Pandey
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, Center for Integrative and Translational Genomics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 855 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Sarah Rebecca Leist
- Department of Infection Genetics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Bastian Hatesuer
- Department of Infection Genetics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Matthias Preusse
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Molecular Bacteriology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Claudia Pommerenke
- Leibniz-Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH, Inhoffenstr. 7B, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Junxi Wang
- Bioinformatics and Statistics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Klaus Schughart
- Department of Infection Genetics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany. .,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, USA.
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16
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CD72 regulates the growth of KIT-mutated leukemia cell line Kasumi-1. Sci Rep 2013; 3:2861. [PMID: 24713856 PMCID: PMC3980566 DOI: 10.1038/srep02861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gain-of-function mutations in KIT, a member of the receptor type tyrosine kinases, are observed in certain neoplasms, including mast cell tumors (MCTs) and acute myelogenous leukemias (AMLs). A MCT line HMC1.2 harboring the KIT mutation was reported to express CD72, which could suppress the cell proliferation. Here, we examined the ability of CD72 to modify the growth of AMLs harboring gain-of-function KIT mutations. CD72 was expressed on the surface of the AML cell line, Kasumi-1. CD72 ligation by an agonistic antibody BU40 or by a natural ligand CD100, suppressed the proliferation of the Kasumi-1 cells and enhanced cell death, as monitored by caspase-3 cleavage. These responses were associated with the phosphorylation of CD72, the formation of the CD72 - SHP-1 complex and dephosphorylation of src family kinases and JNK. Thus, these results seemed to suggest that CD72 was the therapeutic potential for AML, as is the case of MCTs.
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Veneri D, Franchini M, Vella A, Tridente G, Semenzato G, Pizzolo G, Ortolani R. Changes of human B and B-1a peripheral blood lymphocytes with age. Hematology 2013; 12:337-41. [PMID: 17654062 DOI: 10.1080/10245330701255270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2057 consecutive subjects admitted to the Department of Pathology, Section of Immunology of the Verona University Hospital, CD19+ and CD5/CD19 double positive cells were determined to assess the behaviour of total peripheral B-lymphocytes and B-1a (CD5+) compartments in humans during aging. We show that the absolute number of total B lymphocytes increases about three-fold from the baseline conditions in the first year of life and progressively decreases until adult age. A slower decrease was detected from the adult age onwards. A similar behaviour has been observed within the B-1a subset of B-lymphocytes, although the decrease after the adult age seems more pronounced. Possible physiological explanations and/or implications for the disease states are taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dino Veneri
- Section of Hematology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
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18
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Saadoun D, Terrier B, Bannock J, Vazquez T, Massad C, Kang I, Joly F, Rosenzwajg M, Sene D, Benech P, Musset L, Klatzmann D, Meffre E, Cacoub P. Expansion of autoreactive unresponsive CD21-/low B cells in Sjögren's syndrome-associated lymphoproliferation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 65:1085-96. [PMID: 23279883 DOI: 10.1002/art.37828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease associated with a high risk of developing non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. This study was undertaken to determine the nature of B cells driving lymphoproliferation in primary SS. METHODS B cell subsets and function were analyzed in peripheral blood from 66 adult patients with primary SS (including 14 patients with B cell lymphoproliferative disease [LPD]) and 30 healthy donors, using flow cytometry, calcium mobilization, and gene array analysis. The reactivity of recombinant antibodies isolated from single B cells from patients with primary SS and LPD was tested using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS We observed an expansion of an unusual CD21-/low B cell population that correlated with lymphoproliferation in patients with primary SS. A majority of CD21-/low B cells from patients with primary SS expressed autoreactive antibodies, which recognized nuclear and cytoplasmic structures. These B cells belonged to the memory compartment, since their Ig genes were mutated. They were unable to induce calcium flux, become activated, or proliferate in response to B cell receptor and/or CD40 triggering, suggesting that these autoreactive B cells may be anergic. However, CD21-/low B cells from patients with primary SS remained responsive to Toll-like receptor (TLR) stimulation. Molecules specifically expressed in CD21-/low B cells that are likely to induce their unresponsive stage were detected in gene array analyses. CONCLUSION Patients with primary SS who display high frequencies of autoreactive and unresponsive CD21-/low B cells are susceptible to developing lymphoproliferation. These cells remain in peripheral blood controlled by functional anergy instead of being eliminated, and chronic antigenic stimulation through TLR stimulation may create a favorable environment for breaking tolerance and activating these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Saadoun
- CNRS UMR 7211, INSERM U959, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris 6, Paris, France.
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Xu M, Hou R, Sato-Hayashizaki A, Man R, Zhu C, Wakabayashi C, Hirose S, Adachi T, Tsubata T. Cd72(c) is a modifier gene that regulates Fas(lpr)-induced autoimmune disease. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 190:5436-45. [PMID: 23616572 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1203576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Although modifier genes are extensively studied in various diseases, little is known about modifier genes that regulate autoimmune diseases. Autoimmune disease caused by the Fas(lpr) mutation depends on the genetic background of mouse strains, suggesting a crucial role of modifier genes. MRL/MpJ-Fas(lpr) (MRL/lpr) and AKR/lpr mice develop severe and mild lupus-like autoimmune disease, respectively, whereas this mutation does not cause disease on C57BL/6 (B6) or C3H background. Both MRL and AKR carry the same haplotype of the Cd72 gene encoding an inhibitory BCR coreceptor (CD72(c)), and CD72(c) contains several amino acid substitutions and a deletion in the extracellular region compared with CD72(a) and CD72(b). To address the role of Cd72(c) locus in the regulation of Fas(lpr)-induced autoimmune disease, we generated B6.CD72(c)/lpr and MRL.CD72(b)/lpr congenic mice. Introduction of the chromosomal interval containing Cd72(c) did not cause disease in B6 mice by itself, but caused development of lupus-like disease in the presence of Fas(lpr) on B6 background, clearly demonstrating that this interval contains the modifier gene that regulates Fas(lpr)-induced autoimmune disease. Conversely, MRL.CD72(b)/lpr congenic mice showed milder disease compared with MRL/lpr mice. We further demonstrated that Cd72(c) is a hypofunctional allele in BCR signal inhibition and that CD72 deficiency induces severe autoimmune disease in the presence of Fas(lpr). These results strongly suggest that the Cd72(c) is a crucial modifier gene that regulates Fas(lpr)-induced autoimmune disease due to its reduced activity of B cell signal regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miduo Xu
- Laboratory of Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
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Besliu A, Banica L, Predeteanu D, Vlad V, Ionescu R, Pistol G, Opris D, Berghea F, Stefanescu M, Matache C. Peripheral blood lymphocytes analysis detects CD100/SEMA4D alteration in systemic sclerosis patients. Autoimmunity 2011; 44:427-36. [PMID: 21244334 DOI: 10.3109/08916934.2010.541171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
It was suggested that the immune system plays an important role at least in the amplification of the main elements in systemic sclerosis (SSc), an autoimmune disease with an incompletely elucidated pathogenesis. Elucidation of the mechanisms involved in the interaction between T and B cells, major players of the immune system, could contribute to a better understanding of some of clinical and pathological manifestations of SSc. Recently, abnormalities in Semaphorin 4D (Sema4D/CD100) or CD72, two contrareceptors involved in T and B cells cooperation, were associated with autoimmunity. Therefore, we investigated CD100 and CD72 expression level on T and B cells in attempting to establish their role in SSc pathogenesis. The results revealed augmented percentages of CD100(high) T and B cells, significantly increased expression of CD100 on CD4(+) T cells and frequently detectable levels of soluble CD100 in SSc patient sera compared to healthy donors. In SSc, CD100 dysregulations were associated with anti-Scl70 antibodies production, disease type, thickening of skin, disease duration, or with active inflammation processes. In consequence, dysregulations in CD100 expression and release could play a role in SSc development and/or maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Besliu
- Cellular Receptors Laboratory, Cantacuzino National Institute of Research and Development for Microbiology and Immunology, Bucharest, Romania
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Wysocka J, Zelazowska-Rutkowska B, Ratomski K, Skotnicka B, Hassmann-Poznańska E. [Evaluation of percentage of lymphocytes B with expression of co-receptors CD 40, CD22 and CD72 in hypertrophied adenoid at children with otitis media with effusion]. Otolaryngol Pol 2010; 63:504-8. [PMID: 20198985 DOI: 10.1016/s0030-6657(09)70169-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In hypertrophied adenoid lymphocytes B make up about 60% all lymphocytes. When the lymphocytes B come in interaction with antigens this membranes signal be passed through their receptor (BCR) to interior of cell. This signal affect modulation on gene expression, activation from which depends activation, anergy or apoptosis of lymphocyte B. Accompany BCR co-receptors regulate his functions influence stimulate or inhibitive. To the most important co-receptors stepping out on lymphocyte B belong: CD40, CD22, CD72. AIM OF STUDY The aim of study was evaluation of lymphocytes B (CD19) with co-expression with CD72 and CD40 receptors in hypertrophied adenoid with at children with otitis media with effusion. MATERIAL An investigation was executed in hypertrophied adenoids with or without otitis media with effusion. METHODS By flow cytometry percentage of lymphocytes B with co-receptors CD 40, CD22 and CD72 in was analyzed. RESULTS The percentages of CD19+CD72+ lymphocytes in the group of children with adenoid hypertrophy and exudative otitis media were lower as compared to the reference group. However, the percentages of CD19+CD22+, CD19+CD40+ in the study group was approximate to the reference group. CONCLUSIONS The lower percentage of lymphocytes B CD72 + near approximate percentages of lymphocytes B CD40+ and BCD22+ at children with otitis media with effusion can be the cause of incorrect humoral response in hypertrophied adenoid at children. Maybe it is cause reduced spontaneous production IgA and IgG through lymphocyte at children with otitis media with effusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Wysocka
- Zakad Laboratoryjnej Diagnostyki Pediatrycznej Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Białymstoku
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Kataoka TR, Kumanogoh A, Bandara G, Metcalfe DD, Gilfillan AM. CD72 negatively regulates KIT-mediated responses in human mast cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2010; 184:2468-75. [PMID: 20100931 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0902450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
KIT activation, through binding of its ligand, stem cell factor, is crucial for normal mast cell growth, differentiation, and survival. Furthermore, KIT may also contribute to mast cell homing and cytokine generation. Activating mutations in KIT lead to the dysregulated mast cell growth associated with the myeloproliferative disorder, mastocytosis. We investigated the potential of downregulating such responses through mast cell inhibitory receptor activation. In this study, we report that the B cell-associated ITIM-containing inhibitory receptor, CD72, is expressed in human mast cells. Ligation of CD72 with the agonistic Ab, BU40, or with recombinant human CD100 (rCD100), its natural ligand, induced the phosphorylation of CD72 with a resulting increase in its association with the tyrosine phosphatase SH2 domain-containing phosphatase-1. This, in turn, resulted in an inhibition of KIT-induced phosphorylation of Src family kinases and extracellular-regulated kinases (ERK1/2). As a consequence of these effects, KIT-mediated mast cell proliferation, chemotaxis, and chemokine production were significantly reduced by BU40 and rCD100. Furthermore, BU40 and rCD100 also downregulated the growth of the HMC1.2 human mast cell line. Thus, targeting CD72 may provide a novel approach to the suppression of mast cell disease such as mastocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuki R Kataoka
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Lobo EO, Zhang Z, Shively JE. Pivotal advance: CEACAM1 is a negative coreceptor for the B cell receptor and promotes CD19-mediated adhesion of B cells in a PI3K-dependent manner. J Leukoc Biol 2009; 86:205-18. [PMID: 19454653 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0109037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon antigen binding, the BCR transduces a signal culminating in proliferation or in AICD of the B cell. Coreceptor engagement and subsequent modification of the BCR signal pathway are mechanisms that guide the B cell to its appropriate fate. For example, in the absence of coreceptor engagement, anti-sIgM antibodies induce apoptosis in the human Daudi B cell lymphoma cell line. ITIM-bearing B cell coreceptors that potentially may act as negative coreceptors include FcRgammaIIb, CD22, CD72, and CEACAM1 (CD66a). Although the role of CEACAM1 as an inhibitory coreceptor in T cells has been established, its role in B cells is poorly defined. We show that anti-sIgM antibody and PI3K inhibitor LY294002-induced apoptosis are reduced significantly in CEACAM1 knock-down clones compared with WT Daudi cells and that anti-sIgM treatment induced CEACAM1 tyrosine phosphorylation and association with SHP-1 in WT cells. In contrast, treatment of WT Daudi cells with anti-CD19 antibodies does not induce apoptosis and has reduced tyrosine phosphorylation and SHP-1 recruitment to CEACAM1. Thus, similar to its function in T cells, CEACAM1 may act as an inhibitory B cell coreceptor, most likely through recruitment of SHP-1 and inhibition of a PI3K-promoted activation pathway. Activation of B cells by anti-sIgM or anti-CD19 antibodies also leads to cell aggregation that is promoted by CEACAM1, also in a PI3K-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth O Lobo
- Division of Immunology, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
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Wu HJ, Bondada S. CD72, a coreceptor with both positive and negative effects on B lymphocyte development and function. J Clin Immunol 2008; 29:12-21. [PMID: 19067131 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-008-9264-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2008] [Accepted: 11/10/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION B lymphocytes remain in a resting state until activated by antigenic stimuli through interaction with the B cell receptor (BCR). Coreceptors on B cells can modulate the thresholds for signaling through the BCR for growth and differentiation. CD72 is a B cell coreceptor that has been shown to interact with CD100, a semaphorin, and to enhance BCR signaling. DISCUSSION CD72 ligation induces a variety of early signaling events such as activation of the Src kinases Blk and Lyn and the non-src kinase Btk leading to activation of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases, events usually associated with positive signaling. CD72 signals can enable Btk-deficient B cells to overcome their unresponsiveness to BCR signaling. On the other hand, BCR-mediated signals are enhanced in CD72-deficient cells but are reduced in CD100 null cells. The dual effects of CD72 on B cells can be explained by its association with positive and negative signaling molecules. Thus, CD72 interacts with SHP-1, an SH2-domain containing protein tyrosine phosphatase, a negative regulator of signaling, and Grb2, an adaptor protein associated with the Ras/MAPK pathway. Ligation of CD72 also triggered its association with CD19, a positive modulator of B cell receptor signaling. We propose a dual signaling hypothesis to explain the growth and differentiation promoting properties of CD72. Deficiency in either CD72 or CD100 leads to autoimmunity in mouse models. CD72 expression and polymorphisms exhibit some association with autoimmune diseases such as lupus, Sjogren's syndrome, and type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Jung Wu
- Section on Immunology and Immunogenetics, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Li DHH, Winslow MM, Cao TM, Chen AH, Davis CR, Mellins ED, Utz PJ, Crabtree GR, Parnes JR. Modulation of peripheral B cell tolerance by CD72 in a murine model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 58:3192-204. [PMID: 18821699 DOI: 10.1002/art.23812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE B cells play a dominant role in the pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus. It is not well understood how B cell signaling contributes to autoantibody production. The goal of this study was to elucidate the role of CD72 in modulating B cell receptor (BCR)-mediated tolerogenic signaling and peripheral B cell tolerance. METHODS A mouse model utilizing hen egg lysozyme (HEL) "anergic" B cells was studied. CD72-deficient mice carrying the BCR-specific IgHEL and/or soluble HEL (sHEL) transgenes were generated by breeding IgHEL-transgenic MD4 mice and/or sHEL-transgenic ML5 mice with congenic, CD72-deficient C57BL/6J mice. Normal and anergic B cells were isolated for analyses of B cell signaling. Aged wild-type and CD72-deficient mice were also examined for autoimmune phenomena. RESULTS In the absence of CD72, anergic B cells inappropriately proliferated and survived in response to stimulation with self antigen. Biochemical analyses indicated that in anergic B cells, CD72 dominantly down-regulated BCR signaling to limit the antigen-induced elevation in [Ca2+]i and the activation of NFATc1, NF-kappaB, MAPK, and Akt. Mechanistically, CD72 was associated with, and regulated, the molecular adaptor Cbl-b in anergic B cells, suggesting that Cbl-b may play a role in mediating the negative effects of CD72 on BCR signaling. Moreover, in aged CD72-deficient mice, spontaneous production of antinuclear and anti-double-stranded DNA autoantibodies and features of lupus-like autoimmune disease were observed. CONCLUSION CD72 is required to maintain B cell anergy and functions as a regulator of peripheral B cell tolerance. Thus, altered CD72 expression may play a role during the development of systemic lupus erythematosus.
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Xu J, Lu S, Tao J, Zhou Z, Chen Z, Huang Y, Yang R. CD72 polymorphism associated with child-onset of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in Chinese patients. J Clin Immunol 2008; 28:214-9. [PMID: 18071878 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-007-9158-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2007] [Accepted: 11/21/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is a disease putatively relating to abnormal immune function and auto-antiplatelet immunoglobulin. We examined whether polymorphism of CD72, an inhibitory receptor of B cells, affect the susceptibility to ITP, or associated with the clinical characteristics of ITP. A case-control study was carried out in 206 Chinese ITP patients and 169 healthy controls. The detection of variable number of tandem repeats in CD72 intron 8 was performed by polymerase chain reaction and subsequent analysis with polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. We did not find direct association between CD72 genotypes and susceptibility to ITP. The haplotype that contained one repeat of 13 nucleotides in intron 8 (designated as *1, and haplotype containing two repeat of 13 nucleotides in intron 8 is designated as *2) was significantly associated with early first onset age (< or = 14) in ITP patients (P = 0.03). ITP patients with CD72*1\*1 and *1\*2 genotype had a 3.09-fold [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.32-7.25] and 1.98-fold (95% CI, 0.92-4.25) increased risk of appearing ITP manifestation at their childhood respectively. The haplotype CD72*1 is apparently a risk allele, whereas CD72*2 a protective allele for child-onset of ITP disease.
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MESH Headings
- Acute Disease
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Age of Onset
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte/genetics
- Autoantibodies/biosynthesis
- Case-Control Studies
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- China/epidemiology
- Chronic Disease
- Cytokines/biosynthesis
- Female
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Humans
- Infant
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Polymorphism, Genetic
- Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic/diagnosis
- Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic/epidemiology
- Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic/genetics
- Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin 300020, China
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Chu SY, Vostiar I, Karki S, Moore GL, Lazar GA, Pong E, Joyce PF, Szymkowski DE, Desjarlais JR. Inhibition of B cell receptor-mediated activation of primary human B cells by coengagement of CD19 and FcgammaRIIb with Fc-engineered antibodies. Mol Immunol 2008; 45:3926-33. [PMID: 18691763 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2008.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2008] [Revised: 06/18/2008] [Accepted: 06/19/2008] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The humoral immune response requires antigen-specific B cell activation and subsequent terminal differentiation into plasma cells. Engagement of B cell antigen receptor (BCR) on mature B cells activates an intracellular signaling cascade, including calcium mobilization, which leads to cell proliferation and differentiation. Coengagement by immune complex of BCR with the inhibitory Fc receptor FcgammaRIIb, the only IgG receptor expressed on B cells, inhibits B cell activation signals through a negative feedback loop. We now describe antibodies that mimic the inhibitory effects of immune complex by high-affinity coengagement of FcgammaRIIb and the BCR coreceptor complex on human B cells. We engineered the Fc domain of an anti-CD19 antibody to generate variants with up to approximately 430-fold greater affinity to FcgammaRIIb. Relative to native IgG1, the FcgammaRIIb binding-enhanced (IIbE) variants strongly inhibited BCR-induced calcium mobilization and viability in primary human B cells. Inhibitory effects involved phosphorylation of SH2-containing inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase (SHIP), which is known to be involved in FcgammaRIIb-induced negative feedback of B cell activation by immune complex. Coengagement of BCR and FcgammaRIIb by IIbE variants also overcame the anti-apoptotic effects of BCR activation. The use of a single antibody to suppress B cell functions by coengagement of BCR and FcgammaRIIb may represent a novel approach in the treatment of B cell-mediated autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Y Chu
- Xencor, Inc., 111 W. Lemon Avenue, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA
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Temkin V, Karin M. From death receptor to reactive oxygen species and c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase: the receptor-interacting protein 1 odyssey. Immunol Rev 2007; 220:8-21. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.2007.00560.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Bie Petersen C, Nygård AB, Fredholm M, Aasted B, Salomonsen J. Various domains of the B-cell regulatory molecule CD72 has diverged at different rates in mammals: cloning, transcription and mapping of porcine CD72. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2007; 31:530-8. [PMID: 17023047 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2006.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2006] [Revised: 07/28/2006] [Accepted: 07/28/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
We report the cloning of the porcine B-cell co-receptor CD72, as well as genomic mapping and examination of transcription. The B-cell receptor (BCR) complex mediates signalling upon antigen recognition by the membrane bound BCR. Several co-receptors modulate this signal positively or negatively. CD72 has been shown to be a negatively regulating BCR co-receptor. We isolated and sequenced three porcine CD72 transcript variants. Using a pig radiation hybrid panel we found the porcine CD72 gene to be located on chromosome 1q21-28 in a region syntenic to human chromosome 9. The porcine CD72 gene is highly transcribed in lymph node, thymus and lung tissues as well as in pulmonary alveolar macrophages. The predicted porcine CD72 polypeptide shows conservation of immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs and an extracellular C-type lectin domain. Compared to CD72 sequences from other mammals as well as from chicken, the polypeptide is highly conserved in the intracellular part and much less conserved in the extracellular part. We suggest that this difference might be due to the different nature of ligands and the constrains on these to co-evolve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathrine Bie Petersen
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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