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Ma B, Hu X, Ai X, Zhang Y. Research progress of ferroptosis and inflammatory bowel disease. Biometals 2024:10.1007/s10534-024-00604-2. [PMID: 38713412 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-024-00604-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a non-specific chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, imposing significant burdens on both society and individuals. As a new type of regulated cell death (RCD), ferroptosis is different from classic RCDs such as apoptosis and necrosis in cell morphology, biochemistry and genetics. The main molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis include dysregulation of iron metabolism, impaired antioxidant capacity, mitochondrial dysfunction, accumulation of lipid-associated super-oxides, and membrane disruption. In recent years, increasing evidence has shown that ferroptosis is involved in the pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel disease. However, the exact roles and underlying molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. This article reviews the mechanism of ferroptosis in the occurrence and development of inflammatory bowel disease, in order to provide new ideas for the pathophysiological research of inflammatory bowel disease. Additionally, we discuss potential strategies for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease by targeting ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baolian Ma
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoxue Hu
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaowen Ai
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Yonglan Zhang
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China.
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Vaghari-Tabari M, Moein S, Alipourian A, Qujeq D, Malakoti F, Alemi F, Yousefi B, Khazaie S. Melatonin and inflammatory bowel disease: From basic mechanisms to clinical application. Biochimie 2022; 209:20-36. [PMID: 36535545 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic inflammatory disease and has periods of recurrence and remission. Improper immune responses to gut flora bacteria, along with genetic susceptibility, appear to be involved in causing this complex disease. It seems dysbiosis and oxidative stress may also be involved in IBD pathogenesis. A significant number of clinical studies have shown an interesting association between sleep disturbances and IBD. Studies in animal models have also shown that sleep deprivation has a significant effect on the pathogenesis of IBD and can aggravate inflammation. These interesting findings have drawn attention to melatonin, a sleep-related hormone. Melatonin is mainly produced by the pineal gland, but many tissues in the body, including the intestines, can produce it. Melatonin can have an interesting effect on the pathogenesis of IBD. Melatonin can enhance the intestinal mucosal barrier, alter the composition of intestinal bacteria in favor of bacteria with anti-inflammatory properties, regulate the immune response, alleviate inflammation and attenuate oxidative stress. It seems that, melatonin supplementation is effective in relieving inflammation and healing intestinal ulcers in IBD animal models. Some clinical studies have also shown that melatonin supplementation as an adjuvant therapy may be helpful in reducing disease activity in IBD patients. In this review article, in addition to reviewing the effects of sleep disturbances and melatonin on key mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of IBD, we will review the findings of clinical studies regarding the effects of melatonin supplementation on IBD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Vaghari-Tabari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soheila Moein
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Alipourian
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Durdi Qujeq
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center (CMBRC), Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Faezeh Malakoti
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Forough Alemi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Sepideh Khazaie
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Ogundepo S, Chiamaka AM, Olatinwo M, Adepoju D, Aladesanmi MT, Celestine UO, Ali KC, Umezinwa OJ, Olasore J, Alausa A. The role of diosgenin in crohn’s disease. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-022-00338-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic idiopathic inflammation that can grossly affect the entire gastrointestinal tract (GIT) from the mouth to the anus. Crohn’s disease is the most known type of IBD and has been the focus of attention due to its increase in prevalence worldwide. Although the etiology is yet to be elucidated, recent studies have pointed out Crohn’s disease to arise from a complex interaction between environmental influences, genetic predisposition, and altered gut microbiota, resulting in dysregulated adaptive and innate responses. The presenting hallmarks of Crohn’s disease may include weight loss, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever, or chills. Treatment is usually done with many approved immunosuppressive drugs and surgery. However, a promising avenue from natural compounds is a safer therapy due to its safe natural active ingredients and the strong activity it shows in the treatment and management of diseases. Diosgenin, “a major biologically active natural steroidal sapogenin found in Chinese yam,” has been widely reported as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of various classes of disorders such as hyperlipidemia, inflammation, diabetes, cancer, infection, and immunoregulation. In this review, an analysis of literature data on diosgenin employed as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of Crohn’s disease is approached, to strengthen the scientific database and curtail the dreadful impact of Crohn’s disease.
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Acharya S, Timilshina M, Chang JH. Mevalonate promotes differentiation of regulatory T cells. J Mol Med (Berl) 2019; 97:927-936. [PMID: 31020340 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-019-01784-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mevalonate is a precursor in a biosynthetic pathway that is important for the coordination of regulatory T cell (Treg) proliferation and upregulation of the suppressive function that establishes the functional competency of Tregs. The extensive role of mevalonate and its underlying effect on Treg differentiation are still unclear. We found that mevalonate increases in vitro differentiation of induced Tregs (iTregs) without broadly affecting Th1 and Th17 cell differentiation. Furthermore, an adoptive transfer study showed that mevalonate enhanced peripherally induced Treg cells (pTregs) in mesenteric lymphocytes in vivo. Mevalonate-treated iTregs exhibited greater suppressive activity against effector cells than untreated Tregs. Mechanistically, mevalonate enhanced transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling by increasing the phosphorylation of Smad3, but not Smad2, and by promoting Foxp3 expression. Furthermore, we demonstrated that mevalonate treatment ameliorated dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis and resulted in an increased percentage of Tregs in vivo. Our results suggest that mevalonate enhanced Treg differentiation and ameliorated DSS colitis, indicating its potential for treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Acharya
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
| | | | - Jae-Hoon Chang
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea.
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Fujiyoshi J, Yamaza H, Sonoda S, Yuniartha R, Ihara K, Nonaka K, Taguchi T, Ohga S, Yamaza T. Therapeutic potential of hepatocyte-like-cells converted from stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth in fulminant Wilson's disease. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1535. [PMID: 30733544 PMCID: PMC6367569 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-38275-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Wilson’s disease (WD) is an inherited metabolic disease arising from ATPase copper transporting beta gene (ATP7B) mutation. Orthotoropic liver transplantation is the only radical treatment of fulminant WD, although appropriate donors are lacking at the onset of emergency. Given the hepatogenic capacity and tissue-integration/reconstruction ability in the liver of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED), SHED have been proposed as a source for curing liver diseases. We hypothesized the therapeutic potential of SHED and SHED-converted hepatocyte-like- cells (SHED-Heps) for fulminant WD. SHED and SHED-Heps were transplanted into WD model Atp7b-mutated Long-Evans Cinnamon (LEC) rats received copper overloading to induce a lethal fulminant liver failure. Due to the superior copper tolerance via ATP7B, SHED-Hep transplantation gave more prolonged life-span of fulminant LEC rats than SHED transplantation. The integrated ATP7B-expressing SHED-Heps showed more therapeutic effects on to restoring the hepatic dysfunction and tissue damages in the recipient liver than the integrated naïve SHED without ATP7B expression. Moreover, SHED-Heps could reduce copper-induced oxidative stress via ATP7B- independent stanniocalcin 1 secretion in the fulminant LEC rats, suggesting a possible role for paracrine effect of the integrated SHED-Heps. Taken together, SHED-Heps offer a potential of functional restoring, bridging, and preventive approaches for treating fulminant WD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Fujiyoshi
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Haruyoshi Yamaza
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Soichiro Sonoda
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Ratih Yuniartha
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kenji Ihara
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yuhu, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Nonaka
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Taguchi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shouichi Ohga
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Yamaza
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
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Yan Y, Zhao N, He X, Guo H, Zhang Z, Liu T. Mesenchymal stem cell expression of interleukin-35 protects against ulcerative colitis by suppressing mucosal immune responses. Cytotherapy 2018; 20:911-918. [PMID: 29907361 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin-35 (IL-35) has recently been identified as an immunosuppressive cytokine that has been used as a potential therapy for chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. However, there remains a paucity of data regarding its potential benefits after integration into mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). METHODS We used a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mice model and treated them with IL-35-MSCs, MSCs or saline. The body weight was recorded daily and inflammatory processes were determined. Cytokine secretion by lamina propria lymphocytes (LPLs) and percentage of regulatory T cells (Tregs) were also measured. RESULTS The data showed that mice in the two treated groups recovered their body weight more rapidly than mice treated with saline in the later stage of colitis. The colon lengths of IL-35-MSC-treated mice were markedly longer than those in the other two groups and the inflammation reduced significantly. Furthermore, the percentage of Foxp3 + Tregs increased significantly and the level of proinflammatory cytokines produced by LPLs decreased significantly in the IL-35-MSC-treated group. DISCUSSION The results demonstrate that IL-35-MSCs could ameliorate ulcerative colitis by down-regulating the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjia Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Na Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xianghui He
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhixiang Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
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Kong T, Park JM, Jang JH, Kim CY, Bae SH, Choi Y, Jeong YH, Kim C, Chang SW, Kim J, Moon J. Immunomodulatory effect of CD200-positive human placenta-derived stem cells in the early phase of stroke. Exp Mol Med 2018; 50:e425. [PMID: 29328072 PMCID: PMC5799796 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2017.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human placenta amniotic membrane-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) regulate immune responses, and this property can be exploited to treat stroke patients via cell therapy. We investigated the expression profile of AMSCs cultured under hypoxic conditions and observed interesting expression changes in various genes involved in immune regulation. CD200, an anti-inflammatory factor and positive regulator of TGF-β, was more highly expressed under hypoxic conditions than normoxic conditions. Furthermore, AMSCs exhibited inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in co-cultures with LPS-primed BV2 microglia, and this effect was decreased in CD200-silenced AMSCs. The AMSCs transplanted into the ischemic rat model of stroke dramatically inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and up-regulated CD200, as compared with the levels in the sham-treated group. Moreover, decreased microglia activation in the boundary region and improvements in behavior were confirmed in AMSC-treated ischemic rats. The results suggested that the highly expressed CD200 from the AMSCs in a hypoxic environment modulates levels of inflammatory cytokines and microglial activation, thus increasing the therapeutic recovery potential after hypoxic-ischemic brain injury, and further demonstrated the immunomodulatory function of AMSCs in a stroke model.
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Affiliation(s)
- TaeHo Kong
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.,General Research Institute, Bundang CHA general Hospital, Seongnam-si, Korea
| | - Ji-Min Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.,General Research Institute, Bundang CHA general Hospital, Seongnam-si, Korea
| | - Ji Hyon Jang
- Department of OB. & GYN., Bundang CHA Medical Center, CHA University, Bundang, Korea
| | - C-Yoon Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.,Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Hun Bae
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.,General Research Institute, Bundang CHA general Hospital, Seongnam-si, Korea
| | - Yuri Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Yun-Hwa Jeong
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.,General Research Institute, Bundang CHA general Hospital, Seongnam-si, Korea
| | - Chul Kim
- General Research Institute, Bundang CHA general Hospital, Seongnam-si, Korea
| | - Sung Woon Chang
- Department of OB. & GYN., Bundang CHA Medical Center, CHA University, Bundang, Korea
| | - Joopyung Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Bundang CHA hospital, CHA university school of medicine, Seongnam-si, Korea
| | - Jisook Moon
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.,General Research Institute, Bundang CHA general Hospital, Seongnam-si, Korea
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8
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Jia LG, Bamias G, Arseneau KO, Burkly LC, Wang ECY, Gruszka D, Pizarro TT, Cominelli F. A Novel Role for TL1A/DR3 in Protection against Intestinal Injury and Infection. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2016; 197:377-86. [PMID: 27233964 PMCID: PMC5016081 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1502466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
TNF-like cytokine 1A (TL1A) is expressed on APCs and provides costimulatory signals to activated lymphocytes that bear its functional receptor, death receptor 3 (DR3). TL1A/DR3 signaling is involved in the pathogenesis of human and experimental inflammatory bowel disease. In the current study, we investigated the role of this cytokine/receptor pair in acute intestinal injury/repair pathways. We demonstrate that intact DR3 signaling protected mice from acute dextran sodium sulfate colitis because DR3(-/-) mice showed more severe mucosal inflammation and increased mortality. DR3(-/-) mice were compromised in their ability to maintain adequate numbers of CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells in response to acute mucosal damage. This defect in immune regulation led to a nonspecific upregulation of effector proinflammatory pathways, which was most prominent for the Th17 immunophenotype. TL1A(-/-) mice were similarly more susceptible to dextran sodium sulfate colitis, although without mortality and with delayed kinetics compared with DR3(-/-) mice, and also displayed significantly reduced numbers of regulatory T cells. Infection of DR3(-/-) mice with Salmonella typhimurium was associated with defective microbial clearance and elevated bacterial load. Taken together, our findings indicate a novel protective role for the TL1A/DR3 axis in the regulation of mucosal homeostasis during acute intestinal injury/repair, which contrasts with its known pathogenic function during chronic intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Guo Jia
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Giorgos Bamias
- Academic Department of Gastroenterology, Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Kristen O Arseneau
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Linda C Burkly
- Department of Immunobiology and Drug Discovery, Biogen Idec, Cambridge, MA 02142
| | - Eddy C Y Wang
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, United Kingdom; and
| | - Dennis Gruszka
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Theresa T Pizarro
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Fabio Cominelli
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106;
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Yamada A, Arakaki R, Saito M, Tsunematsu T, Kudo Y, Ishimaru N. Role of regulatory T cell in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:2195-205. [PMID: 26900284 PMCID: PMC4734996 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i7.2195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T (Treg) cells play key roles in various immune responses. For example, Treg cells contribute to the complex pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis during onset or development of that disease. Many animal models of IBD have been used to investigate factors such as pathogenic cytokines, pathogenic bacteria, and T-cell functions, including those of Treg cells. In addition, analyses of patients with IBD facilitate our understanding of the precise mechanism of IBD. This review article focuses on the role of Treg cells and outlines the pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies of IBD based on previous reports.
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Hartog A, Belle FN, Bastiaans J, de Graaff P, Garssen J, Harthoorn LF, Vos AP. A potential role for regulatory T-cells in the amelioration of DSS induced colitis by dietary non-digestible polysaccharides. J Nutr Biochem 2014; 26:227-33. [PMID: 25498760 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2014.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Revised: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) are chronic relapsing inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. The interaction between a disturbed microbial composition, the intestinal mucosal barrier and the mucosal immune system plays an important role in IBD and its chronicity. It has been indicated that due to the altered microbial composition the balance between T regulatory cells (Treg) and T helper cells (Th) 17 is disturbed, leading to an inflammatory state. The present study shows that oral intake of a specific multi fibre mix (MF), designed to match the fibre content of a healthy diet, counteracts IBD-like intestinal inflammation and weight loss in dextran sodium sulphate treated mice. This reduction in inflammation might be brought about, at least in part, by the MF-induced decrease in inflammatory cytokines, increase in IL-10 and the relative increase in Treg cells in the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN). Moreover, the Treg percentage in the MLN correlates with the percentage of tolerogenic lamina propria derived CD103+RALDH+dendritic cells in the MLN, suggesting that these play a role in the observed effects. In children with CD exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) is a widely used safe and effective therapy. Optimizing enteral nutritional concepts with the tested fibre mix, know to modulate the gut microbiota composition, SCFA production and inflammatory status (as indicated by the present study) could possibly further improve efficacy in inducing remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Hartog
- Nutricia Research, Uppsalalaan 12, 3583 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Sorbonnelaan 16, 3584 CA Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Fabiën N Belle
- Nutricia Research, Uppsalalaan 12, 3583 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline Bastiaans
- Nutricia Research, Uppsalalaan 12, 3583 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Sorbonnelaan 16, 3584 CA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Johan Garssen
- Nutricia Research, Uppsalalaan 12, 3583 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Sorbonnelaan 16, 3584 CA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Arjan P Vos
- Nutricia Research, Uppsalalaan 12, 3583 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Sorbonnelaan 16, 3584 CA Utrecht, The Netherlands
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11
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Thymic epithelial cell development and its dysfunction in human diseases. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:206929. [PMID: 24672784 PMCID: PMC3929497 DOI: 10.1155/2014/206929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Thymic epithelial cells (TECs) are the key components in thymic microenvironment for T cells development. TECs, composed of cortical and medullary TECs, are derived from a common bipotent progenitor and undergo a stepwise development controlled by multiple levels of signals to be functionally mature for supporting thymocyte development. Tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) family members including the receptor activator for NFκB (RANK), CD40, and lymphotoxin β receptor (LTβR) cooperatively control the thymic medullary microenvironment and self-tolerance establishment. In addition, fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), Wnt, and Notch signals are essential for establishment of functional thymic microenvironment. Transcription factors Foxn1 and autoimmune regulator (Aire) are powerful modulators of TEC development, differentiation, and self-tolerance. Dysfunction in thymic microenvironment including defects of TEC and thymocyte development would cause physiological disorders such as tumor, infectious diseases, and autoimmune diseases. In the present review, we will summarize our current understanding on TEC development and the underlying molecular signals pathways and the involvement of thymus dysfunction in human diseases.
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12
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Keeping the bowel regular: the emerging role of Treg as a therapeutic target in inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2013; 19:2716-24. [PMID: 23899545 DOI: 10.1097/mib.0b013e31829ed7df] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The understanding of the intricate mechanisms by which gut immune cells interact with each other and the intestinal flora is constantly developing. The mucosal immune system must retain the ability to mount a prompt response to intestinal pathogens while maintaining tolerance for commensal organisms. Effector T lymphocytes drive inflammation, whereas their actions are counteracted by populations of regulatory T cells (Treg), which act as an endogenous suppressor of mucosal inflammation. There is growing evidence that a loss of this delicate counterbalance is important in the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Here, we review studies highlighting alterations in Treg in the pathogenesis of IBD. Observations of dynamic changes in Treg activity with successful IBD treatment have highlighted their functional importance and potential to also serve as a biomarker of disease activity and to predict response to therapy. Furthermore, we explore the potential for adoptive transfer of Treg as part of IBD treatment.
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13
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Li P, Gan Y, Sun BL, Zhang F, Lu B, Gao Y, Liang W, Thomson AW, Chen J, Hu X. Adoptive regulatory T-cell therapy protects against cerebral ischemia. Ann Neurol 2013; 74:458-71. [PMID: 23674483 DOI: 10.1002/ana.23815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Revised: 10/26/2012] [Accepted: 11/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent evidence suggests that functional deficiency in regulatory T cells (Tregs), an innate immunomodulator, exacerbates brain damage after cerebral ischemia. We therefore evaluated the effect of Treg transfer in rodent models of ischemic stroke and further investigated the mechanism underlying Treg-afforded neuroprotection. METHODS We examined the therapeutic potential of Tregs and the mechanisms of neuroprotection in vivo in 2 rodent models of ischemic stroke and in vitro in Treg-neutrophil cocultures using a combined approach including cell-specific depletion, gene knockout mice, and bone marrow chimeras. RESULTS Systemic administration of purified Tregs at 2, 6, or even 24 hours after middle cerebral artery occlusion resulted in a marked reduction of brain infarct and prolonged improvement of neurological functions lasting out to 4 weeks. Treg-afforded neuroprotection was accompanied by attenuated blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption during early stages of ischemia, decreased cerebral inflammation, and reduced infiltration of peripheral inflammatory cells into the lesioned brain. Surprisingly, Tregs exerted early neuroprotection without penetrating into the brain parenchyma or inhibiting the activation of residential microglia. Rather, both in vivo and in vitro studies demonstrated that Tregs suppressed peripheral neutrophil-derived matrix metallopeptidase-9 production, thus preventing proteolytic damage of the BBB. In addition to its potent central neuroprotection, Treg treatment was shown to ameliorate poststroke lymphopenia, suggesting a beneficial effect on immune status. INTERPRETATION Our study suggests that Treg adoptive therapy is a novel and potent cell-based therapy targeting poststroke inflammatory dysregulation and neurovascular disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiying Li
- Anesthesiology Department of Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Institute of Brain Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Center of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
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14
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Ishikawa D, Okazawa A, Corridoni D, Jia LG, Wang ZM, Xin W, Arseneau KO, Pizarro TT, Cominelli F. Tregs are dysfunctional in vivo in a spontaneous murine model of Crohn's disease. Mucosal Immunol 2013; 6:267-75. [PMID: 22785225 PMCID: PMC3606708 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2012.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Although regulatory T cells (Tregs) have been implicated in inflammatory bowel disease, Tregs from Crohn's disease (CD) patients are increased in number and function normally in vitro. To clarify this disparity, we studied Treg function in vivo using a spontaneous model of CD-like ileitis. We first administered anti-CD25-depleting antibodies to SAMP1/YitFc (SAMP) mice to assess ileitis; mesenteric lymph node cells were then transferred into SCID (severe combined immunodeficient) recipients to induce colitis. CD25 depletion increased the severity of both spontaneous ileitis and adoptively transferred colitis. Interestingly, a second transfer of CD4(+)CD25(+) cells from untreated AKR control mice was able to ameliorate the induced colitis, whereas CD4(+)CD25(+) cells from untreated SAMP mice were not, suggesting a functional abnormality in SAMP Tregs. Anti-CD25 treatment in SAMP mice also induced proliferation of CD25(-)Foxp3(+) Tregs, which had a proinflammatory intestinal T helper type 1/ T helper type 2 (Th1/Th2) effector phenotype. These studies demonstrate Treg dysfunction in a spontaneous model of CD-like ileitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai Ishikawa
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Digestive Health Research Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44122, USA
| | - Akira Okazawa
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Digestive Health Research Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44122, USA
| | - Daniele Corridoni
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Digestive Health Research Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44122, USA
| | - Li Guo Jia
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Digestive Health Research Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44122, USA
| | - Ziao Ming Wang
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Digestive Health Research Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44122, USA
| | - Wei Xin
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Digestive Health Research Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44122, USA
| | - Kristen O. Arseneau
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Digestive Health Research Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44122, USA
| | - Theresa T. Pizarro
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Digestive Health Research Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44122, USA
| | - Fabio Cominelli
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Digestive Health Research Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44122, USA
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15
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Junginger J, Schwittlick U, Lemensieck F, Nolte I, Hewicker-Trautwein M. Immunohistochemical investigation of Foxp3 expression in the intestine in healthy and diseased dogs. Vet Res 2012; 43:23. [PMID: 22440243 PMCID: PMC3364872 DOI: 10.1186/1297-9716-43-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2011] [Accepted: 03/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal immune regulation including development of oral tolerance is of great importance for the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis. Concerning this, regulatory T cells (Tregs) occupy a pivotal role in cell-mediated immunosuppression. Dysregulation of mucosal immunology leading to an abnormal interaction with commensal bacteria is suggested to play a key role in the pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) in men and dogs. The aim of this study was to characterise the expression of Foxp3 in the normal canine gut of 18 dogs (mean age: 6.03 years), in 16 dogs suffering from IBD (mean age: 5.05 years), and of 6 dogs with intestinal nematode infection (mean age: 0.87 years) using immunohistochemistry. In the duodenum, Tregs in healthy dogs declined from villi (median: 10.67/62 500 μm2) to crypts (median: 1.89/62 500 μm2). Tregs were further increased in the villi of middle-aged dogs (median: 18.92/62 500 μm2) in contrast to juvenile (median: 3.50/62 500 μm2) and old (median: 9.56/62 500 μm2) individuals. Compared to healthy controls, animals suffering from IBD revealed reduced numbers of Tregs in duodenal villi (median: 4.13/62 500 μm2). Dogs with intestinal nematode infection displayed increased numbers of Tregs (median: 21.06/62 500 μm2) compared to healthy animals.Age-related changes indicate a progressive establishment of oral tolerance and immunosenescence in the canine elderly. The results further suggest that a defect in Treg homeostasis may be involved in the pathogenesis of canine IBD. In contrast, increased numbers of Tregs in the duodenum may be due to nematode infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Junginger
- Institute of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bünteweg 17, D-30559 Hannover, Germany.
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16
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Chen J, Xie L, Toyama S, Hünig T, Takahara S, Li XK, Zhong L. The effects of Foxp3-expressing regulatory T cells expanded with CD28 superagonist antibody in DSS-induced mice colitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2010; 11:610-7. [PMID: 21163250 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2010.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2010] [Revised: 11/24/2010] [Accepted: 11/29/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory T (Treg) cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In the present study, we found that a superagonistic CD28-specific monoclonal antibody (supCD28mAb, D665) could preferentially stimulate expansion of CD4+Foxp3+ Treg cells. Foxp3(EGFP) mice were orally administrated with 3.5% DSS for 5days, and intraperitoneally injected supCD28mAb 1mg/mice in treated group. All of the mice were sacrificed on day 8, and both clinical and histological parameters showed that the severity of colitis was significantly reduced in treated group compared to controls. In treated group, the proportion of CD103, CD152 and CD62L expression on Foxp3+Treg cells in the spleen and mesenteric lymph node were higher than controls. Furthermore, qRT-PCR analysis showed that expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10, TGF-β was significantly increased in treated group. Taken together, our data demonstrated that supCD28mAb targets CD4+Foxp3+Treg cells expansion in vivo, maintains and enhances their regulatory functions, to reduce the damage of colon in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mouse colitis by secreting a large amount of IL-10. It represents a major advance towards the therapeutic use of polyclonally activated Treg cells as cellular therapy for treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajie Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Division for Radiation Safety and Immune Tolerance, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
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17
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The present review discusses recent reports showing that reciprocal changes in T helper interleukin-17-secreting CD4 Th17 cells and CD4CD25FoxP3 regulatory T cells (Tregs) may play a role in the progressive disease caused by the HIV and by simian immunodeficiency virus. RECENT FINDINGS Studies in nonhuman primate models of lentiviral infection and in HIV-infected human individuals have shown that pathogenic infection is associated with loss of Th17 cells and an increase in the frequency of Tregs. Because interleukin-17 serves to maintain the integrity of the mucosal barrier, loss of Th17 cells may permit the increase in microbial translocation across the gastrointestinal mucosa that is observed in pathogenic lentiviral disease. It remains unclear, however, whether Th17 cells are preferentially infected or if, instead, their loss is induced by bystander effects of lentiviral infection, for example, the induction of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase. SUMMARY Progressive lentiviral disease is associated with preferential depletion of Th17 cells and loss of Th17/Treg balance. Further analysis of such changes in the composition of subset CD4 T helper and Tregs may shed new light on the immunopathology of HIV disease and suggest new strategies for therapeutic and preventive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bittoo Kanwar
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - David Favre
- National Immune Monitoring Laboratory, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Joseph M. McCune
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
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18
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Ishimaru N, Nitta T, Arakaki R, Yamada A, Lipp M, Takahama Y, Hayashi Y. In situ patrolling of regulatory T cells is essential for protecting autoimmune exocrinopathy. PLoS One 2010; 5:e8588. [PMID: 20052419 PMCID: PMC2798967 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2009] [Accepted: 12/11/2009] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Migration of T cells, including regulatory T (Treg) cells, into the secondary lymph organs is critically controlled by chemokines and adhesion molecules. However, the mechanisms by which Treg cells regulate organ-specific autoimmunity via these molecules remain unclear. Although we previously reported autoimmune exocrinopathy resembling Sjögren's syndrome (SS) in the lacrimal and salivary glands from C-C chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7)-deficient mice, it is still unclear whether CCR7 signaling might specifically affect the dynamics and functions of Treg cells in vivo. We therefore investigated the cellular mechanism for suppressive function of Treg cells via CCR7 in autoimmunity using mouse models and human samples. METHODS AND FINDINGS Patrolling Treg cells were detected in the exocrine organs such as lacrimal and salivary glands from normal mice that tend to be targets for autoimmunity while the Treg cells were almost undetectable in the exocrine glands of CCR7(-/-) mice. In addition, we found the significantly increased retention of CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) Treg cells in the lymph nodes of CCR7(-/-) mice with aging. Although Treg cell egress requires sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), chemotactic function to S1P of CCR7-/- Treg cells was impaired compared with that of WT Treg cells. Moreover, the in vivo suppression activity was remarkably diminished in CCR7(-/-) Treg cells in the model where Treg cells were co-transferred with CCR7(-/-) CD25(-)CD4(+) T cells into Rag2(-/-) mice. Finally, confocal analysis showed that CCR7(+)Treg cells were detectable in normal salivary glands while the number of CCR7(+)Treg cells was extremely decreased in the tissues from patients with Sjögren's syndrome. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that CCR7 essentially governs the patrolling functions of Treg cells by controlling the traffic to the exocrine organs for protecting autoimmunity. Characterization of this cellular mechanism could have clinical implications by supporting development of new diagnosis or treatments for the organ-specific autoimmune diseases such as Sjögren's syndrome and clarifying how the local immune system regulates autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naozumi Ishimaru
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Kuramotocho, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nitta
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Institute for Genome Research, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Kuramotocho, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Rieko Arakaki
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Kuramotocho, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Akiko Yamada
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Kuramotocho, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Martin Lipp
- Department of Molecular Tumor Genetics and Immunogenetics, Max-Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yousuke Takahama
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Institute for Genome Research, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Kuramotocho, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yoshio Hayashi
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Kuramotocho, Tokushima, Japan
- * E-mail:
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19
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Oliveira GGS, Holton J, Lydyard PM. Long-term treatment of NZB mice with anti-CD4 results in wasting disease, lymphoid atrophy and chronic diarrhea. Gut Microbes 2010; 1:345-355. [PMID: 21327045 PMCID: PMC3023621 DOI: 10.4161/gmic.1.5.13136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2010] [Accepted: 05/24/2010] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we have shown that long-term treatment of NZB mice with anti-CD4 antibody results in four major pathological effects: firstly the development of a severe wasting disease; secondly lymphoid atrophy of the thymus, spleen, mesenteric lymph node and Peyers patches (PP); thirdly, severe chronic ulcerative colitis and fourthly a neutrophilia with neutrophil infiltration in the spleen, liver and mesenteric lymph nodes. At the same time, mice subjected to anti-CD4 treatment showed a reduction in the microbial diversity in ileal walls and contents, as well as in colonic contents, together with overgrowth of E. coli in the intestinal lumen and wall. In addition, there was the appearance of large numbers of spiral shaped bacteria on the mucosal surface often associated with colonic ulceration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraldo GS Oliveira
- Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz; Fundação Oswaldo Cruz; Candeal, Salvador, BA Brazil
| | - John Holton
- Departments of Immunology and Bacteriology; Windeyer Institute of Medical Sciences; University College London Medical School; London, UK
| | - Peter M Lydyard
- Departments of Immunology and Bacteriology; Windeyer Institute of Medical Sciences; University College London Medical School; London, UK
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20
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Tsuchigauchi T, Takahashi T, Ohnishi T, Ogawa H, Bando Y, Uehara H, Takizawa T, Kaneda S, Nakai T, Shiota H, Izumi K. Low susceptibility to N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea-induced transplacental carcinogenesis in Long-Evans Cinnamon (LEC) rats. THE JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INVESTIGATION 2009; 56:93-8. [PMID: 19763020 DOI: 10.2152/jmi.56.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
The Long-Evans Cinnamon (LEC) rat, an animal model of Wilson's disease, is resistant to a variety of chemical carcinogenesis except liver and colon. In the present study, N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU)-induced transplacental carcinogenesis was examined in male and female LEC, Long-Evans Agouti (LEA), a sibling line of the LEC rat, and F344 rats (n=21). ENU was administered to pregnant rats as a single s.c. injection at a dose of 60 mg/kg body weight on the 17th day after conception. Cerebral/spinal gliomas and trigeminal/spinal nerve schwannomas developed in both LEA and F344 rats at 30 weeks of age, but no nervous system tumors developed in LEC rats, the difference being statistically significant. Lung adenomas also developed in LEA and F344 rats, but not in LEC rats. Semiquantitative RT-PCR demonstrated that metallothionein (MT)1a, MT2 and O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) mRNA levels in the liver of LEC rats were higher than those in F344 and LEA rats. In addition, Western blot analysis showed that MT (MT1 plus MT2) in the liver of LEC rats was also higher than that in other strains. Present results suggest that high levels of MT and/or MGMT contribute to the resistance to nitrosamine-induced carcinogenesis in LEC rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Tsuchigauchi
- Department of Molecular and Environmental Pathology, the University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
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