1
|
Hu Q, Yang Q, Gao H, Tian J, Che G. Immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 1 silencing decreases tonicity-responsive enhancer-binding protein expression to alleviate diabetic nephropathy. J Diabetes Investig 2024; 15:572-583. [PMID: 38268239 PMCID: PMC11060157 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.14144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION The molecular mechanisms of diabetic nephropathy (DN) are poorly identified. However, the advantage of an increasing amount on microarray data of diabetic nephropathy intrigued us to explore the mechanisms based on bioinformatics prediction for diabetic nephropathy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bioinformatics analysis was conducted to screen the hub genes associated with diabetic nephropathy. The average human renal tubular epithelial cells were exposed to high glucose (HG) to generate an in vitro cell model. In addition, a mouse model of diabetic nephropathy was established using a high-fat diet and streptozotocin injection. Finally, the shRNA targeting immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 1 (IGHG1) was introduced in vitro and in vivo to illustrate its effect on downstream factors and on the development diabetic nephropathy. RESULTS Bioinformatics analysis revealed that IGHG1, TRIM11 (tripartite motif protein 11), and TonEBP are highly expressed in diabetic nephropathy. In vitro cell experiments demonstrated that IGHG1 positively regulates the expression of TRIM11 and TonEBP (tonicity-responsive enhancer binding protein) in HK2 cells treated with high glucose. Furthermore, TRIM11 upregulates the expression of TonEBP through activation of the MEK/ERK (mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase) signaling pathway in HK2 cells treated with high glucose. In vivo, animal experiments further confirmed that silencing IGHG1 could prevent the occurrence and development of diabetic nephropathy. CONCLUSION The silencing of IGHG1 alleviated diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting the TRIM11/MEK/ERK axis and by downregulating TonEBP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qibo Hu
- Department of PediatricsThe Second Hospital of JiLin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Qingxiao Yang
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Second Hospital of JiLin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Hang Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of MedicineJiLin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Jing Tian
- Department of PediatricsThe Second Hospital of JiLin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Guanghua Che
- Department of PediatricsThe Second Hospital of JiLin UniversityChangchunChina
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang L, Madera R, Li Y, Gladue DP, Borca MV, McIntosh MT, Shi J. Development of Porcine Monoclonal Antibodies with In Vitro Neutralizing Activity against Classical Swine Fever Virus from C-Strain E2-Specific Single B Cells. Viruses 2023; 15:v15040863. [PMID: 37112845 PMCID: PMC10145741 DOI: 10.3390/v15040863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) can be used before or after infection to prevent or treat viral diseases. However, there are few efficacious nAbs against classical swine fever virus (CSFV) that have been produced, especially the porcine-originated nAbs. In this study, we generated three porcine monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with in vitro neutralizing activity against CSFV, aiming to facilitate the development of passive antibody vaccines or antiviral drugs against CSFV that offer the advantages of stability and low immunogenicity. Pigs were immunized with the C-strain E2 (CE2) subunit vaccine, KNB-E2. At 42 days post vaccination (DPV), CE2-specific single B cells were isolated via fluorescent-activated cell sorting (FACS) baited by Alexa Fluor™ 647-labeled CE2 (positive), goat anti-porcine IgG (H + L)-FITC antibody (positive), PE mouse anti-pig CD3ε (negative) and PE mouse anti-pig CD8a (negative). The full coding region of IgG heavy (H) chains and light (L) chains was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Overall, we obtained 3 IgG H chains, 9 kappa L chains and 36 lambda L chains, which include three paired chains (two H + κ and one H + λ). CE2-specific mAbs were successfully expressed in 293T cells with the three paired chains. The mAbs exhibit potent neutralizing activity against CSFVs. They can protect ST cells from infections in vitro with potent IC50 values from 14.43 µg/mL to 25.98 µg/mL for the CSFV C-strain, and 27.66 µg/mL to 42.61 µg/mL for the CSFV Alfort strain. This study is the first report to describe the amplification of whole-porcine IgG genes from single B cells of KNB-E2-vaccinated pig. The method is versatile, sensitive, and reliable. The generated natural porcine nAbs can be used to develop long-acting and low-immunogenicity passive antibody vaccine or anti-CSFV agents for CSF control and prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; (R.M.); (Y.L.)
- Correspondence: (L.W.); (J.S.); Tel.: +1-(785)-706-3796 (L.W.); +1-(785)-532-4506 (J.S.)
| | - Rachel Madera
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; (R.M.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yuzhen Li
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; (R.M.); (Y.L.)
| | - Douglas P. Gladue
- Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Greenport, NY 11944, USA; (D.P.G.); (M.V.B.)
| | - Manuel V. Borca
- Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Greenport, NY 11944, USA; (D.P.G.); (M.V.B.)
| | - Michael T. McIntosh
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
- Child Health Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Jishu Shi
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; (R.M.); (Y.L.)
- Correspondence: (L.W.); (J.S.); Tel.: +1-(785)-706-3796 (L.W.); +1-(785)-532-4506 (J.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li S, Wang J, Li J, Yue M, Liu C, Ma L, Liu Y. Integrative analysis of transcriptome complexity in pig granulosa cells by long-read isoform sequencing. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13446. [PMID: 35637716 PMCID: PMC9147391 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In intensive and large-scale farms, abnormal estradiol levels in sows can cause reproductive disorders. The high incidence rate of reproductive disturbance will induce the elimination of productive sows in large quantities, and the poor management will bring great losses to the pig farms. The change in estradiol level has an important effect on follicular development and estrus of sows. To solve this practical problem and improve the productive capacity of sows, it is significant to further clarify the regulatory mechanism of estradiol synthesis in porcine granulosa cells (GCs). The most important function of granulosa cells is to synthesize estradiol. Thus, the studies about the complex transcriptome in porcine GCs are significant. As for precursor-messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs), their post-transcriptional modification, such as alternative polyadenylation (APA) and alternative splicing (AS), together with long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), may regulate the functions of granulosa cells. However, the above modification events and their function are unclear within pig granulosa cells. Methods Combined PacBio long-read isoform sequencing (Iso-Seq) was conducted in this work for generating porcine granulosa cells' transcriptomic data. We discovered new transcripts and possible gene loci via comparison against reference genome. Later, combined Iso-Seq data were adopted to uncover those post-transcriptional modifications such as APA or AS, together with lncRNA within porcine granulosa cells. For confirming that the Iso-Seq data were reliable, we chose four AS genes and analyzed them through RT-PCR. Results The present article illustrated that pig GCs had a complex transcriptome, which gave rise to 8,793 APA, 3,465 AS events, 703 candidate new gene loci, as well as 92 lncRNAs. The results of this study revealed the complex transcriptome in pig GCs. It provided a basis for the interpretation of the molecular mechanism in GCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuxin Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Jiarui Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Jiale Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Meihong Yue
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Chuncheng Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Libing Ma
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wu M, Zhao H, Tang X, Zhao W, Yi X, Li Q, Sun X. Organization and Complexity of the Yak (Bos Grunniens) Immunoglobulin Loci. Front Immunol 2022; 13:876509. [PMID: 35615368 PMCID: PMC9124968 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.876509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
As important livestock in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, yak provides meat and other necessities for Tibetans living. Plateau yak has resistance to diseases and stress, yet is nearly unknown in the structure and expression mechanism of yak immunoglobulin loci. Based on the published immunoglobulin genes of bovids (cattle, sheep and goat), the genomic organization of the yak immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) and immunoglobulin light chain (IgL) were described. The assemblage diversity of IgH, Igλ and Igκ in yak was similar to that in bovids, and contributes little to the antibody lineage compared with that in humans and mice. Somatic hypermutation (SHM) had a greater effect on immunoglobulin diversity in yak than in goat and sheep, and in addition to the complementarity-determining region (CDR), some loci in the framework region (FR) also showed high frequency mutations. CDR3 diversity showed that immunological lineages in yak were overwhelmingly generated through linkage diversity in IgH rearrangements. The emergence of new high-throughput sequencing technologies and the yak whole genome (2019) publication have greatly improved our understanding of the immune response in yaks. We had a more comprehensive analysis of yak immunoglobulin expression diversity by PE300, which avoided the disadvantage of missing low-frequency recombination in traditional Sanger sequencing. In summary, we described the schematic structure of the genomic organization of yak IgH loci and IgL loci. The analysis of immunoglobulin expression diversity showed that yak made up for the deficiency of V(D)J recombinant diversity by junctional diversity and CDR3 diversity. In addition, yak, like cattle, also had the same ultra-long IgH CDR3 (CDR3H), which provided more contribution to the diverse expression of yak immunoglobulin. These findings might provide a theoretical basis for disease resistance breeding and vaccine development in yak.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingli Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Haidong Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaoqin Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Wanxia Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaohua Yi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Qi Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiuzhu Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- *Correspondence: Xiuzhu Sun,
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Paudyal B, Mwangi W, Rijal P, Schwartz JC, Noble A, Shaw A, Sealy JE, Bonnet-Di Placido M, Graham SP, Townsend A, Hammond JA, Tchilian E. Fc-Mediated Functions of Porcine IgG Subclasses. Front Immunol 2022; 13:903755. [PMID: 35757698 PMCID: PMC9218351 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.903755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The pig is an important agricultural species and powerful biomedical model. We have established the pig, a large natural host animal for influenza with many physiological similarities to humans, as a robust model for testing the therapeutic potential of monoclonal antibodies. Antibodies provide protection through neutralization and recruitment of innate effector functions through the Fc domain. However very little is known about the Fc-mediated functions of porcine IgG subclasses. We have generated 8 subclasses of two porcine monoclonal anti influenza hemagglutinin antibodies. We characterized their ability to activate complement, trigger cytotoxicity and phagocytosis by immune cells and assayed their binding to monocytes, macrophages, and natural killer cells. We show that IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, IgG2c and IgG4 bind well to targeted cell types and mediate complement mediated cellular cytotoxicity (CDCC), antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and antibody mediated cell phagocytosis (ADCP). IgG5b and IgG5c exhibited weak binding and variable and poor functional activity. Immune complexes of porcine IgG3 did not show any Fc-mediated functions except for binding to monocytes and macrophages and weak binding to NK cells. Interestingly, functionally similar porcine IgG subclasses clustered together in the genome. These novel findings will enhance the utility of the pig model for investigation of therapeutic antibodies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Basudev Paudyal
- Host Responses, The Pirbright Institute, Woking, United Kingdom
| | - William Mwangi
- Host Responses, The Pirbright Institute, Woking, United Kingdom
| | - Pramila Rijal
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - John C Schwartz
- Host Responses, The Pirbright Institute, Woking, United Kingdom
| | - Alistair Noble
- Host Responses, The Pirbright Institute, Woking, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Shaw
- Host Responses, The Pirbright Institute, Woking, United Kingdom
| | - Joshua E Sealy
- Host Responses, The Pirbright Institute, Woking, United Kingdom
| | | | - Simon P Graham
- Host Responses, The Pirbright Institute, Woking, United Kingdom
| | - Alain Townsend
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - John A Hammond
- Host Responses, The Pirbright Institute, Woking, United Kingdom
| | - Elma Tchilian
- Host Responses, The Pirbright Institute, Woking, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|