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Lei Y, Rahman K, Cao X, Yang B, Zhou W, Reheman A, Cai L, Wang Y, Tyagi R, Wang Z, Chen X, Cao G. Epinephrine Stimulates Mycobacterium tuberculosis Growth and Biofilm Formation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17370. [PMID: 38139199 PMCID: PMC10743465 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The human stress hormones catecholamines play a critical role in communication between human microbiota and their hosts and influence the outcomes of bacterial infections. However, it is unclear how M. tuberculosis senses and responds to certain types of human stress hormones. In this study, we screened several human catecholamine stress hormones (epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine) for their effects on Mycobacterium growth. Our results showed that epinephrine significantly stimulated the growth of M. tuberculosis in the serum-based medium as well as macrophages. In silico analysis and molecular docking suggested that the extra-cytoplasmic domain of the MprB might be the putative adrenergic sensor. Furthermore, we showed that epinephrine significantly enhances M. tuberculosis biofilm formation, which has distinct texture composition, antibiotic resistance, and stress tolerance. Together, our data revealed the effect and mechanism of epinephrine on the growth and biofilm formation of M. tuberculosis, which contributes to the understanding of the environmental perception and antibiotic resistance of M. tuberculosis and provides important clues for the understanding of bacterial pathogenesis and the development of novel antibacterial therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Lei
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.L.); (K.R.); (X.C.); (B.Y.); (W.Z.); (A.R.)
| | - Khaista Rahman
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.L.); (K.R.); (X.C.); (B.Y.); (W.Z.); (A.R.)
| | - Xiaojian Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.L.); (K.R.); (X.C.); (B.Y.); (W.Z.); (A.R.)
| | - Bing Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.L.); (K.R.); (X.C.); (B.Y.); (W.Z.); (A.R.)
| | - Wei Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.L.); (K.R.); (X.C.); (B.Y.); (W.Z.); (A.R.)
| | - Aikebaier Reheman
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.L.); (K.R.); (X.C.); (B.Y.); (W.Z.); (A.R.)
| | - Luxia Cai
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.L.); (K.R.); (X.C.); (B.Y.); (W.Z.); (A.R.)
| | - Yifan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.L.); (K.R.); (X.C.); (B.Y.); (W.Z.); (A.R.)
| | - Rohit Tyagi
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.L.); (K.R.); (X.C.); (B.Y.); (W.Z.); (A.R.)
| | - Zhe Wang
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds/School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xi Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.L.); (K.R.); (X.C.); (B.Y.); (W.Z.); (A.R.)
| | - Gang Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.L.); (K.R.); (X.C.); (B.Y.); (W.Z.); (A.R.)
- Bio-Medical Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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The Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases Meets AI: A Match Made in Heaven. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12020317. [PMID: 36839589 PMCID: PMC9963936 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12020317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases remain a major threat to public health [...].
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Arumugam P, Chauhan M, Rajeev T, Chakraborty R, Bisht K, Madan M, Shankaran D, Ramalingam S, Gandotra S, Rao V. The mitochondrial gene-CMPK2 functions as a rheostat for macrophage homeostasis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:935710. [PMID: 36451821 PMCID: PMC9702992 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.935710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
In addition to their role in cellular energy production, mitochondria are increasingly recognized as regulators of the innate immune response of phagocytes. Here, we demonstrate that altering expression levels of the mitochondria-associated enzyme, cytidine monophosphate kinase 2 (CMPK2), disrupts mitochondrial physiology and significantly deregulates the resting immune homeostasis of macrophages. Both CMPK2 silenced and constitutively overexpressing macrophage lines portray mitochondrial stress with marked depolarization of their membrane potential, enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS), and disturbed architecture culminating in the enhanced expression of the pro-inflammatory genes IL1β, TNFα, and IL8. Interestingly, the long-term modulation of CMPK2 expression resulted in an increased glycolytic flux of macrophages akin to the altered physiological state of activated M1 macrophages. While infection-induced inflammation for restricting pathogens is regulated, our observation of a total dysregulation of basal inflammation by bidirectional alteration of CMPK2 expression only highlights the critical role of this gene in mitochondria-mediated control of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhakar Arumugam
- Immunology and Infectious Disease Unit, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Human Resource Development Centre, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Meghna Chauhan
- Immunology and Infectious Disease Unit, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Human Resource Development Centre, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Thejaswitha Rajeev
- Immunology and Infectious Disease Unit, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Rahul Chakraborty
- Immunology and Infectious Disease Unit, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Human Resource Development Centre, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Kanika Bisht
- Immunology and Infectious Disease Unit, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Human Resource Development Centre, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Mahima Madan
- Immunology and Infectious Disease Unit, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Human Resource Development Centre, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Deepthi Shankaran
- Immunology and Infectious Disease Unit, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Human Resource Development Centre, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Sivaprakash Ramalingam
- Immunology and Infectious Disease Unit, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Sheetal Gandotra
- Immunology and Infectious Disease Unit, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Human Resource Development Centre, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Vivek Rao
- Immunology and Infectious Disease Unit, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Human Resource Development Centre, Ghaziabad, India
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