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Machida T, Hirooka T, Watanabe A, Katayama H, Matsukubo Y. Blood flow velocity in the anterior humeral circumflex artery and tear size can predict synovitis severity in patients with rotator cuff tears. Clin Shoulder Elb 2024; 27:11-17. [PMID: 38268319 PMCID: PMC10938008 DOI: 10.5397/cise.2023.00752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rotator cuff tears are often associated with synovitis, but the ability of noninvasive ultrasonography to predict the severity of synovitis remains unclear. We investigated whether ultrasound parameters, namely peak systolic velocity in the anterior humeral circumflex artery and Doppler activity in the glenohumeral joint and subacromial space, reflect synovitis severity. METHODS A total of 54 patients undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair were selected. Doppler ultrasound was used to measure peak systolic velocity in the anterior humeral circumflex artery and Doppler activity in the glenohumeral joint and subacromial space, and these values were compared with the intraoperative synovitis score in univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS Univariate analyses revealed that tear size, peak systolic velocity in the anterior humeral circumflex artery, and Doppler activity in the glenohumeral joint were associated with synovitis in the glenohumeral joint (P=0.02, P<0.001, P=0.02, respectively). In the subacromial space, tear size, peak systolic velocity in the anterior humeral circumflex artery, and Doppler activity in the subacromial space were associated with synovitis severity (P=0.02, P<0.001, P=0.02, respectively). Multivariate analyses indicated that tear size and peak systolic velocity in the anterior humeral circumflex artery were independently associated with synovitis scores in both the glenohumeral joint and the subacromial space (all P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that tear size and peak systolic velocity in the anterior humeral circumflex artery, which can both be measured noninvasively, are useful indicators of synovitis severity. Level of evidence: IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Machida
- Department of Rehabilitation, Machida Orthopedics, Kochi, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Machida Orthopedics, Kochi, Japan
| | - Takahiko Hirooka
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Onomichi Municipal Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | | | - Hinako Katayama
- Department of Rehabilitation, Machida Orthopedics, Kochi, Japan
| | - Yuki Matsukubo
- Department of Rehabilitation, Machida Orthopedics, Kochi, Japan
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Lee BG, Lee D, Koh JH. Relationship between the preoperative grip strength and postoperative shoulder strength of patients treated via reverse shoulder arthroplasty. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2023; 32:2430-2435. [PMID: 37516347 DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2023.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic disorders including diabetes mellitus, obesity, and depression affect the outcomes of reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA). Sarcopenia (a general skeletal muscle disorder) is common in elderly people, but its effect on patients after RSA is not clear. We hypothesized that the preoperative sarcopenia indices of grip strength and general skeletal muscle mass would correlate with the clinical outcomes of RSA. METHODS Grip strength and general skeletal muscle mass were measured in patients scheduled (between 2016 and 2021) for primary RSA to treat cuff tear arthropathy, an unrepairable cuff tear, or osteoarthritis with a large cuff tear. Before surgery, grip strength was measured using a hydraulic dynamometer and general skeletal muscle mass was calculated from the appendicular relative skeletal muscle mass index (aRSMI) using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. In all, 58 patients were included; the minimal follow-up duration was 12 months. The postoperative clinical results (pain, active range of motion, shoulder strength, and functional scores) were evaluated during scheduled outpatient visits. We calculated correlations between the preoperative sarcopenia indices, and the clinical results at the final follow-up. RESULTS The mean preoperative grip strength and aRSMI were 21.6 ± 4.0 kg and 5.98 ± 0.84 kg/m2 in females and 30.6 ± 7.5 kg and 7.21 ± 0.94 kg/m2 in males, respectively; the grip strength and aRSMI were not associated with each other (P = .083). Ten females (25%) and 10 males (56%) met the criteria for sarcopenia. The postoperative abduction shoulder strength and Constant-Murley shoulder score increased significantly with higher preoperative grip strength (R = 0.420 and P = .001; and R = 0.497 and P < .001, respectively) and the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score was related to the preoperative aRSMI (R = 0.320, P = .039). CONCLUSIONS The shoulder strength and functional score after RSA correlated positively with the preoperative grip strength. Measuring grip strength before RSA allows the surgeon to predict shoulder strength after RSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bong Gun Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hanyang University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - DooHyung Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ajou University, School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong-Hyun Koh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ajou University, School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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Gimm G, Yoon JY, Ahn E, Oh S, Jo CH. Clinical Implication of Glenohumeral and Subacromial Synovitis in Rotator Cuff Tears. Orthop J Sports Med 2023; 11:23259671231207818. [PMID: 38035213 PMCID: PMC10687959 DOI: 10.1177/23259671231207818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Synovitis of the glenohumeral (GH) joint and the subacromial (SA) space is commonly observed during arthroscopic rotator cuff surgery. Purpose To investigate the distribution, severity, and clinical implications of synovitis in the GH joint and SA space in patients with a full-thickness rotator cuff tear (RCT). Study Design Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods Data were retrospectively collected from 207 patients with a full-thickness RCT who underwent arthroscopic repair. Preoperative parameters used in the clinical assessment included pain, range of motion (ROM), muscle strength, and functional scores. Macroscopic assessment of synovitis was performed intraoperatively in the 3 regions of interest (ROIs) of the GH joint and 4 ROIS of the SA space using an evaluation system. The distribution and severity of synovitis and the association between synovitis and clinical assessment were evaluated. Results Synovitis was more severe in the GH joint than in the SA space (P < .001). Synovitis in the posterior GH joint and the lateral SA space, where most of the rotator cuff was located, was the most severe area among the ROIs of the GH joint and the SA space, respectively (P < .05). All types of pain, except for pain at rest, were associated with synovitis in the posterior GH joint (P < .05). All ROM measures were associated with synovitis in the posterior and inferior GH joint (|r| > 0.20; P < .05 for both). The strength of the supraspinatus and the infraspinatus was associated with synovitis in the posterior GH joint (P < .05). Shoulder function was associated with synovitis in the posterior and inferior GH joint and more in the posterior GH joint (P < .05 for both). Synovitis in the SA space was not associated with any of the clinical parameters. Conclusion Synovitis in the posterior GH joint was the most severe form of synovitis in the GH joint in patients with a full-thickness RCT. Synovitis in the posterior GH joint was closely associated with increased pain and decreased ROM, muscle strength, and functional score. Synovitis in the SA space was milder and not associated with any clinical parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geunwu Gimm
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Yong Yoon
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, 88 Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunmi Ahn
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohee Oh
- Medical Research Collaborating Center, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chris Hyunchul Jo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Translational Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Characteristics of Synovial Fistula of the Ankle Joint: A Case Series. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11206215. [PMID: 36294537 PMCID: PMC9605358 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11206215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Little is known about the etiology, clinical features, diagnosis methods, treatments, and the prognosis of synovial fistula of the ankle joint. The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical features of synovial fistula of the ankle joint. (2) Methods: Between March 2003 and December 2018, 40 cysts associated with synovial fistula of the ankle joint were treated consecutively by two surgeons. Case histories, clinical manifestations, intraoperative findings, surgical treatment methods, and treatment outcomes were evaluated to characterize fistula-associated cysts. The clinical results were assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS) and the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot functional scores, preoperatively and at the last follow-up. (3) Results: The main complaints were ankle instability and pain (15 patients), pain only (15 patients), instability (seven patients), and cosmetic problems (three patients). Eleven patients had a cyst with an open skin wound, and eight of these patients had undergone surgery under a misdiagnosis of bursitis. Cysts were located anterior to the lateral malleolus in 22 cases, next to the lateral malleolus in 13 cases, posterior to the lateral malleolus in three cases, and across the entire lateral malleolus in two cases. Mean VAS and AOFAS scores improved from 5.2 (range, from 1 to 7) and 72.3 (range, from 65 to 87) preoperatively to 1.1 (range, from 0 to 3) and 93.6 (range, from 85 to 100), respectively, at final follow-up visits. (4) Conclusions: Cyst occurrence due to a synovial fistula should be considered when treating a cyst around the lateral malleolus. Fistula repair and reinforcement with fibular periosteum provides a good treatment option for cysts attributed to synovial fistula of the ankle that fail to respond to conservative treatment.
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Kim DH, Jeon JH, Choi BC, Cho CH. Knot impingement after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair mimicking infection: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:5097-5102. [PMID: 35801024 PMCID: PMC9198891 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i15.5097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Knot impingement as a complication after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR) has been suggested as a cause of persistent pain with limited motion. We report on a case involving a patient who developed knot impingement after ARCR who complained of acute onset of pain with limited motion, which was confused with infection.
CASE SUMMARY A 55-year-old female who complained of severe pain with limited motion of the right shoulder visited our emergency room. Passive range of motion could not be evaluated due to the patient’s severe pain. The patient had undergone ARCR using a suture-bridge technique at a local clinic four months ago for treatment of a small supraspinatus tear of the right shoulder. An erosive change of the undersurface of the acromion was observed on plain radiographs of the right shoulder, and a moderate amount of bursal fluid and synovial thickening with enhancement was observed by magnetic resonance imaging. Results of an analysis of the aspirated fluid showed that the WBC count was 3960 with 90% neutrophils. The arthroscopic view showed healing of the repaired supraspinatus tendon and loose suture threads and knots with severe subacromial bursitis were observed. Debridement of inflammatory tissues of the glenohumeral joint and subacromial space was performed for the removal of all suture materials. The patient’s symptoms subsided immediately after the surgical procedure.
CONCLUSION Although the incidence of knot impingement is rare, the possibility of knot impingement after ARCR should be a consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Du-Han Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 42601, South Korea
| | - Jong-Hyuk Jeon
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 42601, South Korea
| | - Byung-Chan Choi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 42601, South Korea
| | - Chul-Hyun Cho
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 42601, South Korea
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Cho CH, Bae KC, Kim DH. Incidence and risk factors for early postoperative stiffness after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair in patients without preoperative stiffness. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3132. [PMID: 35210518 PMCID: PMC8873420 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07123-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence and risk factors of early postoperative stiffness in patients without preoperative stiffness undergoing isolated arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR). Two hundred seventy-four patients who underwent primary ARCR were included. At 3 months after surgery, criteria for shoulder stiffness was set as follows: (1) passive forward flexion < 120˚, or (2) external rotation at side < 30˚. Patients with preoperative stiffness or who underwent additional procedures were excluded. Patients-related, radiological (muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration), and intraoperative (tear size, repair techniques, number of anchors used, and synovitis scores) risk factors were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify risk factors for postoperative stiffness. Thirty-nine of 274 patients (14.2%) who underwent ARCR developed postoperative stiffness. Univariate analyses revealed that early postoperative stiffness was significantly associated with diabetes mellitus (p = 0.030). However, radiological and intraoperative factors did not affect postoperative shoulder stiffness (all p > 0.05). Multivariate analyses revealed early postoperative stiffness was significantly associated with diabetes mellitus and timing of rehabilitation (p = 0.024, p = 0.033, respectively). The overall incidence of early postoperative stiffness following isolated ARCR in patients without preoperative stiffness was 14.2%. Diabetes mellitus and timing of rehabilitation were independent risk factors for early postoperative stiffness following ARCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chul-Hyun Cho
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Keimyung University School of Medicine, 1035 Dalgubul-ro, Dalseo-gu, Daegu, 42601, South Korea
| | - Ki-Choer Bae
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Keimyung University School of Medicine, 1035 Dalgubul-ro, Dalseo-gu, Daegu, 42601, South Korea
| | - Du-Han Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Keimyung University School of Medicine, 1035 Dalgubul-ro, Dalseo-gu, Daegu, 42601, South Korea.
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Clinical and structural outcome of intra-articular steroid injection for early stiffness after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2022; 46:563-571. [DOI: 10.1007/s00264-021-05288-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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