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Calella P, Gallè F, Cerullo G, Postiglione N, Ricchiuti R, Liguori G, D'Angelo S, Valerio G. Adherence to Mediterranean Diet among athletes participating at the XXX summer universiade. Nutr Health 2023; 29:645-651. [PMID: 35388722 DOI: 10.1177/02601060221089118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: A well-balanced diet is essential in sport. Due to its typical content in high-quality proteins, low glycemic index foods, and unsaturated fats, Mediterranean Diet (MD) may represent a good choice to cover nutritional needs of athletes. The aim of this study was to explore how the dietary habits of elite athletes, such as those competing at the XXX Summer Universiade, comply with the MD model. A comparison between athletes coming from the Mediterranean and non-Mediterranean countries was also assessed. Methods: The Mediterranean Diet Serving Score (MDSS) questionnaire was administered to a sample of 433 university student athletes from all over of the world to evaluate the level of adherence to the MD pattern and possible differences between geographical areas. Results: The total sample showed a medium adherence to the MD, with a mean MDSS of 15.73 ± 3.71 out of a total of 23 points. A satisfactory consumption of fruits and vegetables was reported. Athletes from Northern European countries had a lower MD pattern adherence than the other ones. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the MD model is common among elite athletes, and it may be promoted as a healthy dietary pattern in the sport setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Calella
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Gallè
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cerullo
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
| | - Nunzia Postiglione
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Ricchiuti
- Nutrition Unit, Department of Prevention, Local Health Authority Napoli 3 Sud, Naples, Italy
| | - Giorgio Liguori
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
| | - Stefania D'Angelo
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
| | - Giuliana Valerio
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
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Saadeh M, Prinelli F, Vetrano DL, Xu W, Welmer AK, Dekhtyar S, Fratiglioni L, Calderón-Larrañaga A. Mobility and muscle strength trajectories in old age: the beneficial effect of Mediterranean diet in combination with physical activity and social support. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2021; 18:120. [PMID: 34496869 PMCID: PMC8425101 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-021-01192-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Decline in physical function varies substantially across older individuals due to several extrinsic modifiable factors such as dietary patterns, physical activity and social support. We aimed to determine the association of these factors and their interaction with mobility and muscle strength decline. METHODS We analyzed data from 1686 functionally healthy individuals aged 60 + from the population-based Swedish National study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen (SNAC-K). The Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) was calculated based on a validated food frequency questionnaire. Self-reported physical activity was categorized based on current recommendations, and social support was measured according to participants' perceived material and psychological support from relatives and friends. Participants' physical function was assessed over 12 years through changes in walking speed (m/s) and chair stand time (s). Linear mixed models adjusted for socio-demographic and clinical factors were used. In order to explore the combined effect of the different exposures, two indicator variables were created by cross-classifying individuals' levels of Mediterranean diet adherence and social support or physical activity. RESULTS Participants with a high adherence to Mediterranean diet were primarily < 78 years (82.3%), women (56.1%), married (61.1%), with university education (52.8%), high levels of social support (39.3%) and health-enhancing levels of physical activity (51.5%). A one-point increase in MDS (score range 0-9) was associated with less annual deterioration in walking speed (β*time[year] = 0.001; p = 0.024) and chair-stand time (β*time[year] = -0.014; p = 0.008). The potential protective effect of Mediterranean diet was highest among participants reporting high social support (β*time[year] = -0.065, p = 0.026 for chair stands) and high physical activity (β*time[year] = 0.010, p = 0.001 for walking speed), beyond the effect of each exposure individually. CONCLUSION A higher adherence to Mediterranean diet, especially in combination with recommended levels of physical activity and high social support, may contribute to delay the decline in physical function observed with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marguerita Saadeh
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University, Solna, Sweden.
- SWEAH, Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Federica Prinelli
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University, Solna, Sweden
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies-National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide L Vetrano
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University, Solna, Sweden
- Centro Di Medicina Dell'Invecchiamento, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico "A. Gemelli" and Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Weili Xu
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University, Solna, Sweden
| | - Anna-Karin Welmer
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University, Solna, Sweden
- Functional Area Occupational Therapy & Physiotherapy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Serhiy Dekhtyar
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University, Solna, Sweden
| | - Laura Fratiglioni
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University, Solna, Sweden
- Stockholm Gerontology Research Center, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Amaia Calderón-Larrañaga
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University, Solna, Sweden
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Dalamaga M, Muscogiuri G, Paganitsa G, Parvouleskou G, Syriou V, Karagkoynis P, Stratigou T, Vallianou N, Christodoulatos GS, Karampela I, Daskalopoulou K. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet is an independent predictor of circulating vitamin D levels in normal weight and non-smoker adults: an observational cross-sectional study. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2021; 72:848-860. [PMID: 33509003 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2021.1878488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We explored the association between circulating 25OHD and adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) in 402 Greek (21-65 years, 188 men and 214 women), normal weight, non-smoker, healthy volunteers in the Athens metropolitan area during summer and autumn, taking into account skin phototype, anthropometric, and lifestyle variables. Circulating 25OHD, parathormone, creatinine, calcium, and phosphate were determined. A vitamin D status of ≤25, ≤50, and ≤75 nmol/L was observed in 4.5, 37.3, and 74.1% of the subjects, respectively. The independent predictors of 25OHD deficiency were autumn, darker skin phototype, BMI, or waist circumference (WC), sunscreen use, less physical outdoor activity, and less adherence to the MedDiet. Higher intake of fish and olive oil was a positive independent predictor of elevated circulating 25OHD levels. In conclusion, higher adherence to the MedDiet, fish and olive oil consumption, were positively associated with circulating 25OHD independently from BMI or WC, skin phototype, season, and physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Dalamaga
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università "Federico II" di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Georgia Paganitsa
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Microbiology, 'ELPIS' General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgeta Parvouleskou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Microbiology, 'ELPIS' General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Vassiliki Syriou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Microbiology, 'ELPIS' General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Theodora Stratigou
- Department of Endocrinology, 'Evangelismos' General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Natalia Vallianou
- Department of Endocrinology, 'Evangelismos' General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Irene Karampela
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Caprara G. Mediterranean-Type Dietary Pattern and Physical Activity: The Winning Combination to Counteract the Rising Burden of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs). Nutrients 2021; 13:429. [PMID: 33525638 PMCID: PMC7910909 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) (mainly cardiovascular diseases, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases and type 2 diabetes) are the main causes of death worldwide. Their burden is expected to rise in the future, especially in less developed economies and among the poor spread across middle- and high-income countries. Indeed, the treatment and prevention of these pathologies constitute a crucial challenge for public health. The major non-communicable diseases share four modifiable behavioral risk factors: unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, tobacco usage and excess of alcohol consumption. Therefore, the adoption of healthy lifestyles, which include not excessive alcohol intake, no smoking, a healthy diet and regular physical activity, represents a crucial and economical strategy to counteract the global NCDs burden. This review summarizes the latest evidence demonstrating that Mediterranean-type dietary pattern and physical activity are, alone and in combination, key interventions to both prevent and control the rise of NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Caprara
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 20139 Milano, Italy
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Andrade V, Jorge R, García-Conesa MT, Philippou E, Massaro M, Chervenkov M, Ivanova T, Maksimova V, Smilkov K, Ackova DG, Miloseva L, Ruskovska T, Deligiannidou GE, Kontogiorgis CA, Pinto P. Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Subjective Well-Being in a Sample of Portuguese Adults. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3837. [PMID: 33339084 PMCID: PMC7765516 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet (MD) and other lifestyle characteristics have been associated with well-being, a broad multiparameter concept that includes individual's subjective assessment of their own well-being (SWB). Some studies have suggested that diet influences SWB, thus, this work aimed to add novel information on the association of MD and SWB in a sample of Portuguese adults. Data on sociodemographic, economic, lifestyle, diet, and SWB were collected through a self-filled online questionnaire. MD adherence was assessed by the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) score ]. Results showed a moderate adherence to the MD in 490 Portuguese adults (mean MEDAS of 7.4 ± 2.1). A higher MD adherence was found to be significantly positively associated with women, employed individuals, a higher number of meals per day, and those with frequent contact with nature (p-value < 0.0025, using Bonferroni adjustment). As a novelty, this study divided the participants into low SWB, medium SWB, and medium to high SWB profiles (3.9 ± 1.0; 6.2 ± 1.0; 8.2 ± 1.3, respectively; p-value < 0.05), which reported significantly increasing MEDAS scores (6.5 ± 2.1; 7.3 ± 2.1; 7.8 ± 1.9; respectively, p-value < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanda Andrade
- Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, School of Agriculture, 2001-904 Santarém, Portugal; (V.A.); (R.J.)
| | - Rui Jorge
- Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, School of Agriculture, 2001-904 Santarém, Portugal; (V.A.); (R.J.)
- Life Quality Research Centre (CIEQV), IPSantarém/IPLeiria, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, 2829-511 Monte de Caparica, Portugal
| | - María-Teresa García-Conesa
- Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Campus de Espinardo, Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del Segura-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEBAS-CSIC), P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Elena Philippou
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 1700, Cyprus;
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Marika Massaro
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Mihail Chervenkov
- Slow Food in Bulgaria, 9 Pierre De Geytre St. bl. 3, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Forestry, 1797 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Teodora Ivanova
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Forestry, 1797 Sofia, Bulgaria;
- Department of Plant and Fungal Diversity and Resources, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Viktorija Maksimova
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University Goce Delcev, str. Krste Misirkov, No. 10-A, POB 201, 2000 Stip, Republic of North Macedonia; (V.M.); (K.S.); (D.G.A); (L.M.); (T.R.)
| | - Katarina Smilkov
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University Goce Delcev, str. Krste Misirkov, No. 10-A, POB 201, 2000 Stip, Republic of North Macedonia; (V.M.); (K.S.); (D.G.A); (L.M.); (T.R.)
| | - Darinka Gjorgieva Ackova
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University Goce Delcev, str. Krste Misirkov, No. 10-A, POB 201, 2000 Stip, Republic of North Macedonia; (V.M.); (K.S.); (D.G.A); (L.M.); (T.R.)
| | - Lence Miloseva
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University Goce Delcev, str. Krste Misirkov, No. 10-A, POB 201, 2000 Stip, Republic of North Macedonia; (V.M.); (K.S.); (D.G.A); (L.M.); (T.R.)
| | - Tatjana Ruskovska
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University Goce Delcev, str. Krste Misirkov, No. 10-A, POB 201, 2000 Stip, Republic of North Macedonia; (V.M.); (K.S.); (D.G.A); (L.M.); (T.R.)
| | - Georgia Eirini Deligiannidou
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Dragana, Alexandroupolis, Greece; (G.E.D.); (C.A.K.)
| | - Christos A. Kontogiorgis
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Dragana, Alexandroupolis, Greece; (G.E.D.); (C.A.K.)
| | - Paula Pinto
- Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, School of Agriculture, 2001-904 Santarém, Portugal; (V.A.); (R.J.)
- Life Quality Research Centre (CIEQV), IPSantarém/IPLeiria, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal
- Research Unit of Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, 2001-904 Santarém, Portugal
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Science and Healthy Meals in the World: Nutritional Epigenomics and Nutrigenetics of the Mediterranean Diet. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061748. [PMID: 32545252 PMCID: PMC7353392 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean Diet (MD), UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, has become a scientific topic of high interest due to its health benefits. The aim of this review is to pick up selected studies that report nutrigenomic or nutrigenetic data and recapitulate some of the biochemical/genomic/genetic aspects involved in the positive health effects of the MD. These include (i) the antioxidative potential of its constituents with protective effects against several diseases; (ii) the epigenetic and epigenomic effects exerted by food components, such as Indacaxanthin, Sulforaphane, and 3-Hydroxytyrosol among others, and their involvement in the modulation of miRNA expression; (iii) the existence of predisposing or protective human genotypes due to allelic diversities and the impact of the MD on disease risk. A part of the review is dedicated to the nutrigenomic effects of the main cooking methods used in the MD and also to a comparative analysis of the nutrigenomic properties of the MD and other diet regimens and non-MD-related aliments. Taking all the data into account, the traditional MD emerges as a diet with a high antioxidant and nutrigenomic modulation power, which is an example of the “Environment-Livings-Environment” relationship and an excellent patchwork of interconnected biological actions working toward human health.
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Gawron-Skarbek A, Chrzczanowicz J, Kostka J, Nowak D, Drygas W, Jegier A, Kostka T. The Influence of an Eight-Week Cycloergometer-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation on Serum Antioxidant Status in Men with Coronary Heart Disease: A Prospective Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55040111. [PMID: 31003426 PMCID: PMC6524382 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55040111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives: A body of evidence confirms the benefits of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients, but it remains unclear whether it enhances the antioxidant potential. The aim of the study was to assess the influence of an eight-week aerobic cycloergometer-based CR program on serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and other CHD risk factors. Materials and Methods: The study involved 36 men with CHD (55.2 ± 9.0 years). TAC was assessed with two methods: ferric reducing ability of serum (TAC-FRAS) and 2.2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (TAC-DPPH). Aerobic capacity was evaluated during a submaximal exercise test. TAC and other anthropometric, biochemical and physical activity/fitness measures were performed twice: before the beginning and after termination of CR. Results: Aerobic capacity was higher (7.0 ± 2.6 vs. 8.0 ± 2.5 MET—metabolic equivalents; p < 0.01), but values of resting diastolic blood pressure were lower (81.9 ± 7.6 vs. 77.4 ± 8.9 mmHg; p < 0.01) after termination of CR. Other classic cardiometabolic, anthropometric, and biochemical measures did not change with CR. No difference in TAC-FRAS was found after CR, whereas TAC-DPPH was significantly lower (16.4 ± 4.0 vs. 13.2 ± 3.7% reduction; p < 0.01). Conclusions: Antioxidant potential measured as TAC-DPPH, but not as TAC-FRAS, decreased with the CR program. The recognized health benefits of CR are not related to augmented serum antioxidant status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gawron-Skarbek
- Department of Hygiene and Health Promotion, Medical University of Lodz, 90-752 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Jacek Chrzczanowicz
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Centre, Copernicus Memorial Hospital, Lodz, 90-001 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Joanna Kostka
- Department of Physical Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Dariusz Nowak
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Drygas
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 90-752 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Anna Jegier
- Department of Sports Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Kostka
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-993 Lodz, Poland.
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A Pilot Study Providing Evidence for a Relationship between a Composite Lifestyle Score and Risk of Higher Carotid Intima-Media Thickness: Is There a Link to Oxidative Stress? OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:4504079. [PMID: 29854082 PMCID: PMC5944202 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4504079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Lifestyle behaviours have been closely linked to the progressive cell damage associated with oxidative stress (OS) and the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Early detection of lifestyle-linked OS may therefore be useful in the early identification of prodromal disease. To test this hypothesis, this study assessed the relationship between a comprehensive redox balance lifestyle score (RBLS) and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), a recognized marker for CVD, and plasma biomarkers of OS. In a cross-sectional study design, 100 apparently healthy middle-aged participants were asked to complete a comprehensive lifestyle questionnaire, followed by DXA scanning, CIMT ultrasonography, and blood collection. The RBLS was composed of lifestyle components with pro- and antioxidant properties with a higher score indicative of lower oxidative activity. Multiple linear regression and logistic regression analysis were performed for statistical analysis. The RBLS was significantly associated with the risk for increased CIMT that was independent of conventional CVD risk factors (χ2(9) = 35.60, P ≤ 0.001). The adjusted model explained 42.4% of the variance in CIMT. Participants with RBLS below the median were at significantly increased risk of higher CIMT compared to participants with RBLS above the median (OR = 3.60, 95% CI: 1.19–10.88, P = 0.023). Significant associations were also observed between the RBLS, plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (r(99) = 0.28, P = 0.006), hydroperoxide (HPX) (rs(99) = −0.28, P = 0.005), TAC/HPX ratio (r(98) = 0.41, P ≤ 0.001), γ-glutamyltransferase (r(97) = −0.23, P = 0.024), uric acid (r(98) = −0.20, P = 0.045), and inflammatory C-reactive protein (rs(97) = −0.25, P = 0.012) and interleukin-1β (r(97) = −0.21, P = 0.040). These findings highlight the importance of identifying the collective influence of lifestyle behaviours on OS activity and its potential to remodel the vascular endothelium.
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Chen GD, Ding D, Tian HY, Zhu YY, Cao WT, Wang C, Chen YM. Adherence to the 2006 American Heart Association's Diet and Lifestyle Recommendations for cardiovascular disease risk reduction is associated with bone mineral density in older Chinese. Osteoporos Int 2017; 28:1295-1303. [PMID: 27924380 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-016-3857-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This cross-sectional study investigated the association between the modified 2006 American Heart Association Diet and Lifestyle Recommendations (AHA-DLR) and bone mineral density in Chinese adults. We found that better adherence to the AHA-DLR associated with higher bone mineral density (BMD) at multiple sites. INTRODUCTION Accumulating evidence shows that cardiovascular disease (CVD) and osteoporosis are associated with each other, yet little research has focused on whether strategies to reduce CVD risk could also benefit bone health. We aimed to assess the association between adherence to the modified 2006 American Heart Association Diet and Lifestyle Recommendations (AHA-DLR) and BMD in Chinese adults. METHODS We included 2092 women and 1051 men aged 40-75 years in this community-based cross-sectional study. Dietary information was assessed using a 79-item food frequency survey through face-to-face interviews at baseline (2008-2010) and 3 years later (2011-2013). Adherence to the AHA-DLR was assessed using modified diet and lifestyle scores (American Heart Association Diet and Lifestyle Score (AHA-DLS)) adjusted for bone health. BMD for the whole body, lumbar spine, total hip, femur neck, and trochanter sites was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in 2011-2013. RESULTS After adjusting for potential covariates, greater adherence to the modified AHA-DLS was positively and dose-dependently associated with BMD. The mean BMD was 1.93-3.11% higher in quartile 4 (vs. 1) (all p values <0.01) at multiple sites. Five-unit increases in the modified AHA-DLS score were associated with 4.20-6.07, 4.44-8.51, and 3.36-4.67 mg/cm2 increases in BMD at multiple sites for the total subjects, males, and females, respectively (all p values <0.01). CONCLUSIONS Better adherence to the AHA-DLR shows protective associations with BMD at multiple sites in the middle-aged and elderly Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- G D Chen
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition, and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - D Ding
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition, and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - H Y Tian
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition, and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Y Zhu
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition, and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - W T Cao
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition, and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - C Wang
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition, and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Y M Chen
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition, and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.
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Koloverou E, Panagiotakos DB, Pitsavos C, Chrysohoou C, Georgousopoulou EN, Grekas A, Christou A, Chatzigeorgiou M, Skoumas I, Tousoulis D, Stefanadis C. Adherence to Mediterranean diet and 10-year incidence (2002-2012) of diabetes: correlations with inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in the ATTICA cohort study. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2016; 32:73-81. [PMID: 26104243 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.2672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Revised: 06/14/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this work was to investigate the links between oxidative stress, inflammation and coagulation and their effect on Mediterranean diet-diabetes relationship. METHODS In 2001-2002, a random sample of 1514 men (18-87 years old) and 1528 women (18-89 years old) was selected to participate in the ATTICA study, where Athens is the major metropolis. A validated questionnaire was used to assess lifestyle and dietary factors. Adherence to Mediterranean diet was recorded using MedDietScore. Among others, oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers were recorded. During 2011-2012, the 10-year follow-up was performed. Diabetes incidence was defined according to the American Diabetes Association criteria. RESULTS A total of 191 incident cases of diabetes were documented, yielding an incidence of 12.9% (13.4% in men and 12.4% in women). Medium and high adherence was found to decrease diabetes risk by 49% (95% CI: 0.30, 0.88) and 62% (95% CI: 0.16, 0.88), respectively, compared with low adherence. A logarithmic trend between Mediterranean diet and diabetes incidence was also revealed (p for trend = 0.042). Individuals with abnormal waist circumference (>94 for men, >80 for women) were benefited the most. Wholegrain cereals, fruits and legumes had the greatest predictive ability. The anti-diabetic effect of Mediterranean diet correlated with measurements of tumour necrosis factor-α, homocysteine and total antioxidant capacity. CONCLUSIONS The reported results support the role of Mediterranean diet as a promising dietary tool for the primary prevention of diabetes, by attenuating inflammation and fostering total antioxidant capacity. This dietary pattern may have therapeutic potential for many cardiometabolic disorders associated with inflammation and/or oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Koloverou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - D B Panagiotakos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - C Pitsavos
- First Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece
| | - C Chrysohoou
- First Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece
| | - E N Georgousopoulou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - A Grekas
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - A Christou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - M Chatzigeorgiou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - I Skoumas
- First Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece
| | - D Tousoulis
- First Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece
| | - C Stefanadis
- First Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece
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Physical Activity, Aerobic Capacity, and Total Antioxidant Capacity in Healthy Men and in Men with Coronary Heart Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:197307. [PMID: 26451234 PMCID: PMC4584233 DOI: 10.1155/2015/197307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of the study was to assess total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of blood serum in relation with habitual leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and aerobic capacity in a group of 90 men with coronary heart disease (CHD) aged 34.8-77.0 years and in 90 age-matched peers without CHD. METHODS Two spectrophotometric methods were applied to assess TAC: Ferric Reducing Ability of Serum (TAC-FRAS) and 2.2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (TAC-DPPH) tests. Aerobic capacity was expressed as physical working capacity at 85% of the maximal heart rate (PWC(85%HRmax)). RESULTS CHD patients had higher values of TACFRAS (1.37 ± 0.28 versus 1.27 ± 0.23 mmol FeCl2·L(-1); P < 0.05) but there were no group differences for TAC-DPPH and for uric acid (UA). Negative correlation was found between LTPA (also when calculated per kg of body mass) and TAC-DPPH in CHD patients. In CHD patients, TAC-FRAS and UA were lower in subjects with higher aerobic capacity expressed as PWC(85%HRmax/kg). Those associations were not found in healthy men. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that TAC of blood serum is moderately adversely related to LTPA and aerobic capacity in patients with CHD. UA, as the main determinant of serum TAC, may be partially responsible for those associations.
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