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Su J, Yu M, Wang H, Wei Y. Natural anti-inflammatory products for osteoarthritis: From molecular mechanism to drug delivery systems and clinical trials. Phytother Res 2023; 37:4321-4352. [PMID: 37641442 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that affects millions globally. The present nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug treatments have different side effects, leading researchers to focus on natural anti-inflammatory products (NAIPs). To review the effectiveness and mechanisms of NAIPs in the cellular microenvironment, examining their impact on OA cell phenotype and organelles levels. Additionally, we summarize relevant research on drug delivery systems and clinical randomized controlled trials (RCTs), to promote clinical studies and explore natural product delivery options. English-language articles were searched on PubMed using the search terms "natural products," "OA," and so forth. We categorized search results based on PubChem and excluded "natural products" which are mix of ingredients or compounds without the structure message. Then further review was separately conducted for molecular mechanisms, drug delivery systems, and RCTs later. At present, it cannot be considered that NAIPs can thoroughly prevent or cure OA. Further high-quality studies on the anti-inflammatory mechanism and drug delivery systems of NAIPs are needed, to determine the appropriate drug types and regimens for clinical application, and to explore the combined effects of different NAIPs to prevent and treat OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbang Su
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Minghao Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Haochen Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yingliang Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Wogonin, a Bioactive Ingredient from Huangqi Guizhi Formula, Alleviates Discogenic Low Back Pain via Suppressing the Overexpressed NGF in Intervertebral Discs. Mediators Inflamm 2023; 2023:4436587. [PMID: 36860203 PMCID: PMC9970730 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4436587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate whether wogonin, a key bioactive ingredient of Huangqi Guizhi formula (HQGZ formula; a Traditional Chinese Medicine herbal formula) according to network pharmacology analysis, has analgesic effects on discogenic low back pain (LBP) via regulating the nerve growth factor (NGF) in intervertebral discs (IVDs). Methods The lumbar IVDs of rats were punctured to discogenic LBP, and the therapeutic effect of orally administrated HQGZ for discogenic LBP was investigated by measuring mechanical and cold allodynia and histological analysis. A network pharmacology analysis was conducted to search for bioactive ingredients from the HQGZ formula, and wogonin was suggested to be the most possible bioactive ingredient for LBP treatment. Subsequently, the analgesic effect of wogonin was investigated in the LBP model, and the gene expression of propain peptides in the bilateral dorsal root ganglia was analyzed using RT-PCR. Finally, immunohistochemical staining was performed for NGF expression of NGF in the IVDs to determine whether wogonin treatment would ameliorate NGF-induced LBP. Results Oral administration of HQGZ for two weeks significantly ameliorated puncture-induced IVD degeneration (IDD) and LBP. In addition, the network pharmacology analysis revealed that wogonin, quercetin, and kaempferol were the potential candidate components of HQGZ for LBP treatment. Furthermore, we proved that wogonin had significant analgesic effects in the LBP model. Finally, wogonin was demonstrated to suppress the upregulated NGF in the IVD and ameliorate NGF-induced LBP in rats. Conclusions The HQGZ formula has significant analgesic effects for LBP. In addition, the bioactive ingredient of wogonin was extracted from HQGZ and ameliorated LBP by suppressing the overexpressed NGF in degenerated IVDs. Therefore, wogonin has potential to be alternative treatment for LBP in clinical.
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Connection between Osteoarthritis and Nitric Oxide: From Pathophysiology to Therapeutic Target. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041683. [PMID: 36838671 PMCID: PMC9959782 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), a disabling joint inflammatory disease, is characterized by the progressive destruction of cartilage, subchondral bone remodeling, and chronic synovitis. Due to the prolongation of the human lifespan, OA has become a serious public health problem that deserves wide attention. The development of OA is related to numerous factors. Among the factors, nitric oxide (NO) plays a key role in mediating this process. NO is a small gaseous molecule that is widely distributed in the human body, and its synthesis is dependent on NO synthase (NOS). NO plays an important role in various physiological processes such as the regulation of blood volume and nerve conduction. Notably, NO acts as a double-edged sword in inflammatory diseases. Recent studies have shown that NO and its redox derivatives might be closely related to both normal and pathophysiological joint conditions. They can play vital roles as normal bone cell-conditioning agents for osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and chondrocytes. Moreover, they can also induce cartilage catabolism and cell apoptosis. Based on different conditions, the NO/NOS system can act as an anti-inflammatory or pro-inflammatory agent for OA. This review summarizes the studies related to the effects of NO on all normal and OA joints as well as the possible new treatment strategies targeting the NO/NOS system.
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Natural Compounds Affecting Inflammatory Pathways of Osteoarthritis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091722. [PMID: 36139796 PMCID: PMC9495743 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common type of arthritis and chronic joint disease, affecting more than 240 million people worldwide. Although there are numerous advances in using drugs in treating OA, the use of natural compounds has aroused much interest among researchers due to their safety margin. Recent discovery shows that natural compounds play an extensive role in the oxidative stress signaling pathway in treating OA. Thus, this review summarizes the commonly used natural compounds for treating OA focusing on the oxidative stress signaling pathway and its downstream mediators. Selected databases—such as Scopus, Web of Science, Nature, and PubMed—were used to search for potentially relevant articles. The search is limited to the last 15 years and the search was completed using the Boolean operator’s guideline using the keywords of natural product AND oxidative stress AND osteoarthritis OR natural extract AND ROS AND degenerative arthritis OR natural plant AND free radicals AND degenerative joint disease. In total, 37 articles were selected for further review. Different downstream mechanisms of oxidative stress involved in the usage of natural compounds for OA treatment and anabolic and catabolic effects of natural compounds that exhibit chondroprotective effects have been discussed with the evidence of in vitro and in vivo trials in this review.
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Elucidation of Potential Targets of San-Miao-San in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Analysis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:7663212. [PMID: 35087596 PMCID: PMC8789436 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7663212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background To examine the potential therapeutic targets of Chinese medicine formula San-Miao-San (SMS) in the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA), we analyzed the active compounds of SMS and key targets of OA and investigated the interacting pathways using network pharmacological approaches and molecular docking analysis. Methods The active compounds of SMS and OA-related targets were searched and screened by TCMSP, DrugBank, Genecards, OMIM, DisGeNet, TTD, and PharmGKB databases. Venn analysis and PPI were performed for evaluating the interaction of the targets. The topological analysis and molecular docking were used to confirm the subnetworks and binding affinity between active compounds and key targets, respectively. The GO and KEGG functional enrichment analysis for all targets of each subnetwork were conducted. Results A total of 57 active compounds and 203 targets of SMS were identified by the TCMSP and DrugBank database, while 1791 OA-related targets were collected from the Genecards, OMIM, DisGeNet, TTD, and PharmGKB databases. By Venn analysis, 108 intersection targets between SMS targets and OA targets were obtained. Most of these intersecting targets involve quercetin, kaempferol, and wogonin. Moreover, intersecting targets identified by PPI analysis were introduced into Cytoscape plug-in CytoNCA for topological analysis. Hence, nine key targets of SMS for OA treatment were obtained. Furthermore, the potential binding conformations between active compounds and key targets were found through molecular docking analysis. According to the DAVID enrichment analysis, the main biological processes of SMS in the treatment of OA include oxidative stress, response to reactive oxygen species, and apoptotic signaling pathways. Finally, we found wogonin, the key compound in SMS, might play a pivotal role on Toll-like receptor, IL-17, TNF, osteoclast differentiation, and apoptosis signaling pathways through interacting with four key targets. Conclusions Therefore, this study elucidated the potential active compounds and key targets of SMS in the treatment of OA based on network pharmacology.
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Pérez-Lozano ML, Cesaro A, Mazor M, Esteve E, Berteina-Raboin S, Best TM, Lespessailles E, Toumi H. Emerging Natural-Product-Based Treatments for the Management of Osteoarthritis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:265. [PMID: 33572126 PMCID: PMC7914872 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a complex degenerative disease in which joint homeostasis is disrupted, leading to synovial inflammation, cartilage degradation, subchondral bone remodeling, and resulting in pain and joint disability. Yet, the development of new treatment strategies to restore the equilibrium of the osteoarthritic joint remains a challenge. Numerous studies have revealed that dietary components and/or natural products have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-bone-resorption, and anabolic potential and have received much attention toward the development of new therapeutic strategies for OA treatment. In the present review, we provide an overview of current and emerging natural-product-based research treatments for OA management by drawing attention to experimental, pre-clinical, and clinical models. Herein, we review current and emerging natural-product-based research treatments for OA management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Luisa Pérez-Lozano
- Laboratory I3MTO, EA 4708, Université d’Orléans, CEDEX 2, 45067 Orléans, France; (M.-L.P.-L.); (A.C.); (E.L.)
- Plateforme Recherche Innovation Médicale Mutualisée d’Orléans, Centre Hospitalier Régional d’Orléans, 14 Avenue de l’Hôpital, 45100 Orléans, France
| | - Annabelle Cesaro
- Laboratory I3MTO, EA 4708, Université d’Orléans, CEDEX 2, 45067 Orléans, France; (M.-L.P.-L.); (A.C.); (E.L.)
- Plateforme Recherche Innovation Médicale Mutualisée d’Orléans, Centre Hospitalier Régional d’Orléans, 14 Avenue de l’Hôpital, 45100 Orléans, France
| | - Marija Mazor
- Center for Proteomics, Department for Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, B. Branchetta 20, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
| | - Eric Esteve
- Service de Dermatologie, Centre Hospitalier Régional d′Orléans, 14 Avenue de l’Hôpital, 45100 Orléans, France;
| | - Sabine Berteina-Raboin
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique ICOA, Université d’Orléans-Pôle de Chimie, UMR CNRS 7311, Rue de Chartres-BP 6759, CEDEX 2, 45067 Orléans, France;
| | - Thomas M. Best
- Department of Orthopedics, Division of Sports Medicine, Health Sports Medicine Institute, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA;
| | - Eric Lespessailles
- Laboratory I3MTO, EA 4708, Université d’Orléans, CEDEX 2, 45067 Orléans, France; (M.-L.P.-L.); (A.C.); (E.L.)
- Plateforme Recherche Innovation Médicale Mutualisée d’Orléans, Centre Hospitalier Régional d’Orléans, 14 Avenue de l’Hôpital, 45100 Orléans, France
- Centre Hospitalier Régional d’Orléans, Institut Département de Rhumatologie, 45067 Orléans, France
| | - Hechmi Toumi
- Laboratory I3MTO, EA 4708, Université d’Orléans, CEDEX 2, 45067 Orléans, France; (M.-L.P.-L.); (A.C.); (E.L.)
- Plateforme Recherche Innovation Médicale Mutualisée d’Orléans, Centre Hospitalier Régional d’Orléans, 14 Avenue de l’Hôpital, 45100 Orléans, France
- Centre Hospitalier Régional d’Orléans, Institut Département de Rhumatologie, 45067 Orléans, France
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Huynh DL, Ngau TH, Nguyen NH, Tran GB, Nguyen CT. Potential therapeutic and pharmacological effects of Wogonin: an updated review. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:9779-9789. [PMID: 33165817 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05972-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are members of polyphenolic compounds, which are naturally presented in fruits, vegetables, and some medicinal plants. Traditionally, the root of Scutellaria baicalensis is widely used as Chinese herbal medicine and contains several major bioactive compounds such as Wogonin, Scutellarein, Baicalein, and Baicalin. Experimental and clinical evidence has been proving that Wogonin exhibits diverse biological activities such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammation, and treatment of bacterial and viral infections. In this review, we summarize and emphasize the benefits of Wogonin as a therapeutic adjuvant for anti-viral infection, anti-inflammation, neuroprotection as well as anxiolytic and anticonvulsant. Moreover, the molecular mechanism(s) how Wogonin mediates the cellular signal pathways and immune responses are also discussed and highlighted valuable properties of Wogonin in multiple therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Luong Huynh
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam
| | - Tran Hoang Ngau
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Ho Chi Minh University of Food and Industry, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Hoai Nguyen
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Ho Chi Minh City Open University, 97 Vo Van Tan Street, District 3, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Gia-Buu Tran
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology and Food-Technology, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - Cuong Thach Nguyen
- NTT Hi-Tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
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Biological strategies for osteoarthritis: from early diagnosis to treatment. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2020; 45:335-344. [PMID: 33078204 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-020-04838-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To provide an updated review of the literature on the use of orthobiologics as a potential treatment option to alleviate symptoms associated with osteoarthritis (OA), slow the progression of the disease, and aid in cartilage regeneration. METHODS A comprehensive review of the literature was performed to identify basic science and clinical studies examining the role of orthobiologics in the diagnosis and management of osteoarthritis. RESULTS Certain molecules (such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs), cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF), microRNAs, growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF-11)) have been recognized as biomarkers that are implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of degenerative joint disease (DJD). These biomarkers have been used to develop newer diagnostic applications and targeted biologic therapies for DJD. Local injection therapy with biologic agents such as platelet-rich plasma or stem cell-based preparations has been associated with significant improvement in joint pain and function in patients with OA and has increased in popularity during the last decade. The combination of PRP with kartogenin or TGF-b3 may also enhance its biologic effect. The mesenchymal stem cell secretome has been recognized as a potential target for the development of OA therapies due to its role in mediating the chondroprotective effects of these cells. Recent experiments have also suggested the modification of gut microbiome as a newer method to prevent OA or alter the progression of the disease. CONCLUSIONS The application of orthobiologics for the diagnosis and treatment of DJD is a rapidly evolving field that will continue to expand. The identification of OA-specific and joint-specific biomarker molecules for early diagnosis of OA would be extremely useful for the development of preventive and therapeutic protocols. Local injection therapies with HA, PRP, BMAC, and other stem cell-based preparations are currently being used to improve pain and function in patients with early OA or those with progressed disease who are not surgical candidates. Although the clinical outcomes of these therapies seem to be promising in clinical studies, future research will determine the true role of orthobiologic applications in the field of DJS.
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Nutraceutical Activity in Osteoarthritis Biology: A Focus on the Nutrigenomic Role. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051232. [PMID: 32429348 PMCID: PMC7291002 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease associated to age or conditions that precipitate aging of articular cartilage, a post-mitotic tissue that remains functional until the failure of major homeostatic mechanisms. OA severely impacts the national health system costs and patients' quality of life because of pain and disability. It is a whole-joint disease sustained by inflammatory and oxidative signaling pathways and marked epigenetic changes responsible for catabolism of the cartilage extracellular matrix. OA usually progresses until its severity requires joint arthroplasty. To delay this progression and to improve symptoms, a wide range of naturally derived compounds have been proposed and are summarized in this review. Preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies have provided proof of principle that many of these nutraceuticals are able to exert pleiotropic and synergistic effects and effectively counteract OA pathogenesis by exerting both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities and by tuning major OA-related signaling pathways. The latter are the basis for the nutrigenomic role played by some of these compounds, given the marked changes in the transcriptome, miRNome, and methylome. Ongoing and future clinical trials will hopefully confirm the disease-modifying ability of these bioactive molecules in OA patients.
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Smith JF, Starr EG, Goodman MA, Hanson RB, Palmer TA, Woolstenhulme JB, Weyand JA, Marchant AD, Bueckers SL, Nelson TK, Sterling MT, Rose BJ, Porter JP, Eggett DL, Kooyman DL. Topical Application of Wogonin Provides a Novel Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis. Front Physiol 2020; 11:80. [PMID: 32132930 PMCID: PMC7040489 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by inflammatory degradation of articular cartilage and subchondral bone. Wogonin, a compound extracted from the plant Scutellaria baicalensis (colloquially known as skullcap), has previously been shown to have direct anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties. We examined the pain-reducing, anti-inflammatory, and chondroprotective effects of wogonin when applied as a topical cream. We validated the efficacy of delivering wogonin transdermally in a cream using pig ear skin in a Franz diffusion system. Using a surgical mouse model, we examined the severity and progression of OA with and without the topical application of wogonin. Using a running wheel to track activity, we found that mice with wogonin treatment were statistically more active than mice receiving vehicle treatment. OA progression was analyzed using modified Mankin and OARSI scoring and direct quantification of cyst-like lesions at the chondro-osseus junction; in each instance we observed a statistically significant attenuation of OA severity among mice treated with wogonin compared to the vehicle treatment. Immunohistochemistry revealed a significant decrease in protein expression of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), high temperature receptor A1 (HTRA1), matrix metalloprotease 13 (MMP-13) and NF-κB in wogonin-treated mice, further bolstering the cartilage morphology assessments in the form of a decrease in inflammatory and OA biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob F. Smith
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Evan G. Starr
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Michael A. Goodman
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Romney B. Hanson
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Trent A. Palmer
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Jonathan B. Woolstenhulme
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Jeffery A. Weyand
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Andrew D. Marchant
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Shawen L. Bueckers
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Tanner K. Nelson
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Matthew T. Sterling
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Brandon J. Rose
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - James P. Porter
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | | | - David L. Kooyman
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
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Sirong S, Yang C, Taoran T, Songhang L, Shiyu L, Yuxin Z, Xiaoru S, Tao Z, Yunfeng L, Xiaoxiao C. Effects of tetrahedral framework nucleic acid/wogonin complexes on osteoarthritis. Bone Res 2020; 8:6. [PMID: 32047705 PMCID: PMC7010777 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-019-0077-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis, a disorder characterized by articular cartilage deterioration, varying degrees of inflammation, and chondrocyte apoptosis, is the most common chronic joint disease. To slow or reverse its progression, inflammation should be inhibited, and chondrocyte proliferation should be promoted. Tetrahedral framework nucleic acids can be internalized by chondrocytes (even inflammatory chondrocytes) and can enhance their proliferation and migration. Wogonin, a naturally occurring flavonoid, suppresses oxidative stress and inhibits inflammation. In this study, tetrahedral framework nucleic acids were successfully self-assembled and used to load wogonin. We confirmed the effective formation of tetrahedral framework nucleic acid/wogonin complexes by dynamic light scattering, zeta potential analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and fluorescence spectrophotometry. Tetrahedral framework nucleic acids, wogonin, and especially tetrahedral framework nucleic acid/wogonin complexes effectively alleviated inflammation in vitro and in vivo and prevented cartilage destruction. In addition, these materials remarkably downregulated the expression of inflammatory mediators and matrix metalloproteinases, upregulated chondrogenic markers, and promoted tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 and B-cell lymphoma 2 expression. In vivo, after treatment with tetrahedral framework nucleic acid/wogonin complexes, the bone mineral density in regenerated tissues was much higher than that found in the untreated groups. Histologically, the complexes enhanced new tissue regeneration, significantly suppressed chondrocyte apoptosis, and promoted chondrogenic marker expression. They also inhibited cell apoptosis, increased chondrogenic marker expression, and suppressed the expression of inflammatory mediators in osteoarthritis. Therefore, we believe that tetrahedral framework nucleic acid/wogonin complexes can be used as an injectable form of therapy for osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Sirong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hosptial of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan Province China
| | - Tian Taoran
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hosptial of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Li Songhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hosptial of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Lin Shiyu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hosptial of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Zhang Yuxin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hosptial of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Shao Xiaoru
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hosptial of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Zhang Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hosptial of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Lin Yunfeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hosptial of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Cai Xiaoxiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hosptial of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 China
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Choi DJ, Choi SI, Choi BR, Lee YS, Lee DY, Kim GS. Cartilage protective and anti-analgesic effects of ALM16 on monosodium iodoacetate induced osteoarthritis in rats. Altern Ther Health Med 2019; 19:325. [PMID: 31752825 PMCID: PMC6873692 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2746-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is an age-related joint disease with characteristics that involve the progressive degradation of articular cartilage and resulting chronic pain. Previously, we reported that Astragalus membranaceus and Lithospermum erythrorhizon showed significant anti-inflammatory and anti-osteoarthritis activities. The objective of this study was to examine the protective effects of ALM16, a new herbal mixture (7:3) of ethanol extracts of A. membranaceus and L. erythrorhizon, against OA in in vitro and in vivo models. Methods The levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, −3 and − 13 and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) in interleukin (IL)-1β or ALM16 treated SW1353 cells were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent and quantitative kit, respectively. In vivo, the anti-analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of ALM16 were assessed via the acetic acid-induced writhing response and in a carrageenan-induced paw edema model in ICR mice, respectively. In addition, the chondroprotective effects of ALM16 were analyzed using a single-intra-articular injection of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) in the right knee joint of Wister/ST rat. All samples were orally administered daily for 2 weeks starting 1 week after the MIA injection. The paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) in MIA-injected rats was measured by the von Frey test using the up-down method. Histopathological changes of the cartilage in OA rats were analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Results ALM16 remarkably reduced the GAG degradation and MMP levels in IL-1β treated SW1353 cells. ALM16 markedly decreased the thickness of the paw edema and writhing response in a dose-dependent manner in mice. In the MIA-induced OA rat model, ALM16 significantly reduced the PWT compared to the control group. In particular, from histological observations, ALM16 showed clear improvement of OA lesions, such as the loss of necrotic chondrocytes and cartilage erosion of more than 200 mg/kg b.w., comparable to or better than a positive drug control (JOINS™, 200 mg/kg) in the cartilage of MIA-OA rats. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that ALM16 has a strong chondroprotective effect against the OA model in vitro and in vivo, likely attributed to its anti-inflammatory activity and inhibition of MMP production.
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Kang YH, Lee HJ, Lee CJ, Park JS. Natural Products as Sources of Novel Drug Candidates for the Pharmacological Management of Osteoarthritis: A Narrative Review. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2019; 27:503-513. [PMID: 31646842 PMCID: PMC6824629 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2019.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative articular disorder. Formation of bone spurs, synovial inflammation, loss of cartilage, and underlying bone restructuring have been reported to be the main pathologic characteristics of osteoarthritis symptoms. The onset and progression of osteoarthritis are attributed to various inflammatory cytokines in joint tissues and fluids that are produced by chondrocytes and/or interact with chondrocytes, as well as to low-grade inflammation in intra-articular tissues. Disruption of the equilibrium between the synthesis and degradation of the cartilage of the joint is the major cause of osteoarthritis. Hence, developing a promising pharmacological tool to restore the equilibrium between the synthesis and degradation of osteoarthritic joint cartilage can be a useful strategy for effectively managing osteoarthritis. In this review, we provide an overview of the research results pertaining to the search for a novel candidate agent for osteoarthritis management via restoration of the equilibrium between cartilage synthesis and degradation. We especially focused on investigations of medicinal plants and natural products derived from them to shed light on the potential pharmacotherapy of osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Hoon Kang
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Changwon Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jae Lee
- Smith Liberal Arts College and Department of Addiction Science, Graduate School, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Choong Jae Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Sung Park
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
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Tu C, He J, Wu B, Wang W, Li Z. An extensive review regarding the adipokines in the pathogenesis and progression of osteoarthritis. Cytokine 2019; 113:1-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Fang W, Zhou X, Wang J, Xu L, Zhou L, Yu W, Tao Y, Zhu J, Hu B, Liang C, Li F, Hua J, Chen Q. Wogonin mitigates intervertebral disc degeneration through the Nrf2/ARE and MAPK signaling pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 65:539-549. [PMID: 30412851 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a prevalent disease characterized by the progressive loss of the extracellular matrix in the local nucleus pulposus region. Metalloproteinases and pro-inflammatory cytokines play an important role in this process. Thus, anti-inflammatory strategies are an important component of IVDD treatment. Wogonin, a naturally existing monoflavonoid, has been reported to have potential anti-inflammatory effects in some inflammatory diseases. Hence, in our present study we investigated the protective effects and potential mechanisms of wogonin in rat nucleus pulposus cells that had been treated with interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) to induce severe IVDD. An in vivo rat caudal vertebrae needle-stab model was also designed and its validity was evaluated as an IVDD model. The results demonstrated that wogonin suppressed IL-1β-induced inflammatory mediators (iNOS, IL-6 and COX2) and matrix-degrading proteinases (MMP1, MMP3, MMP13 and ADAMTS4). Wogonin also upregulated some of the key components of the extracellular matrix, such as collagen II. Furthermore, we discovered that wogonin exerted anti-inflammatory effects by activating the Nrf2/HO-1-SOD2-NQO1-GCLC signaling axis. Moreover, the IL-1β-induced stimulation of the MAPK signaling pathway was reversed by wogonin treatment. The in vivo MRI and histological results also revealed that wogonin protected the nucleus pulposus from the progression of IVDD. Therefore, wogonin may be a potential agent for the treatment of IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijing Fang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Xiaopeng Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Jingkai Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Langhai Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Lijuan Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yiqing Tao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Jian Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Chengzhen Liang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Fangcai Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Jianming Hua
- Department of Radiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qixin Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China.
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Kang DG, Lee HJ, Lee CJ, Park JS. Inhibition of the Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Articular Chondrocytes by Resveratrol through Affecting Nuclear Factor-Kappa B Signaling Pathway. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2018; 26:560-567. [PMID: 30464073 PMCID: PMC6254641 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2018.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we tried to examine whether resveratrol regulates the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) through affecting nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) in articular chondrocytes. Rabbit articular chondrocytes were cultured in a monolayer, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to measure interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-induced gene expression of MMP-3, MMP-1, MMP-13, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs-4 (ADAMTS-4), ADAMTS-5 and type II collagen. Effect of resveratrol on IL-1β-induced secretion of MMP-3 was investigated in rabbit articular chondrocytes using western blot analysis. To elucidate the action mechanism of resveratrol, effect of resveratrol on IL-1β-induced NF-κB signaling pathway was investigated in SW1353, a human chondrosarcoma cell line, by western blot analysis. The results were as follows: (1) resveratrol inhibited the gene expression of MMP-3, MMP-1, MMP-13, ADAMTS-4, and ADAMTS-5, but increased the gene expression of type II collagen; (2) resveratrol reduced the secretion of MMP-3; (3) resveratrol inhibited IL-1β-induced activation (phosphorylation) of inhibitory kappa B kinase (IKK), and thus phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitory kappa Bα (IκBα); (4) resveratrol inhibited IL-1β-induced phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65. This, in turn, led to the down-regulation of gene expression of MMPs in SW1353 cells. These results suggest that resveratrol can regulate the expression of MMPs through affecting NF-κB by directly acting on articular chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Geun Kang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Changwon 51472, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jae Lee
- Smith Liberal Arts College and Department of Addiction Science, Graduate School, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Choong Jae Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Sung Park
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
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Khan NM, Haseeb A, Ansari MY, Devarapalli P, Haynie S, Haqqi TM. Wogonin, a plant derived small molecule, exerts potent anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective effects through the activation of ROS/ERK/Nrf2 signaling pathways in human Osteoarthritis chondrocytes. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 106:288-301. [PMID: 28237856 PMCID: PMC5490997 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), characterized by progressive destruction of articular cartilage, is the most common form of human arthritis. Here, we evaluated the potential chondroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of Wogonin, a naturally occurring flavonoid, in IL-1β-stimulated human OA chondrocytes and cartilage explants. Wogonin completely suppressed the expression and production of inflammatory mediators including IL-6, COX-2, PGE2, iNOS and NO in IL-1β-stimulated OA chondrocytes. Further, Wogonin exhibits potent chondroprotective potential by switching the signaling axis of matrix degradation from catabolic towards anabolic ends and inhibited the expression, production and activities of matrix degrading proteases including MMP-13, MMP-3, MMP-9, and ADAMTS-4 in OA chondrocytes, and blocked the release of s-GAG and COL2A1 in IL-1β-stimulated OA cartilage explants. Wogonin also elevated the expression of cartilage anabolic factors COL2A1 and ACAN in chondrocytes and inhibited the IL-1β-mediated depletion of COL2A1 and proteoglycan content in the matrix of cartilage explants. The suppressive effect of Wogonin was not mediated through the inhibition of MAPKs or NF-κB activation. Instead, Wogonin induced mild oxidative stress through the generation of ROS and depletion of cellular GSH, thereby modulating the cellular redox leading to the induction of Nrf2/ARE pathways through activation of ROS/ERK/Nrf2/HO-1-SOD2-NQO1-GCLC signaling axis in OA chondrocytes. Molecular docking studies revealed that Wogonin can disrupt KEAP-1/Nrf-2 interaction by directly blocking the binding site of Nrf-2 in the KEAP-1 protein. Genetic ablation of Nrf2 using specific siRNA, significantly abrogated the anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective potential of Wogonin in IL-1β-stimulated OA chondrocytes. Our data indicates that Wogonin exerts chondroprotective effects through the suppression of molecular events involved in oxidative stress, inflammation and matrix degradation in OA chondrocytes and cartilage explants. The study provides novel insights into the development of Nrf2 as a promising candidate and Wogonin as a therapeutic agent for the management of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazir M Khan
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 St Rt 44, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Abdul Haseeb
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 St Rt 44, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Mohammad Y Ansari
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 St Rt 44, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Pratap Devarapalli
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 St Rt 44, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Sara Haynie
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 St Rt 44, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Tariq M Haqqi
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 St Rt 44, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA.
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A wogonin-rich-fraction of Scutellaria baicalensis root extract exerts chondroprotective effects by suppressing IL-1β-induced activation of AP-1 in human OA chondrocytes. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43789. [PMID: 28256567 PMCID: PMC5335554 DOI: 10.1038/srep43789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disorder with varying degrees of inflammation and sustained oxidative stress. The root extract of Scutellaria baicalensis (SBE) has been used for the treatment of inflammatory and other diseases. Here, we performed activity-guided HPLC-fractionation of SBE, identified the active ingredient(s) and investigated its chondroprotective potential. We found that the Wogonin containing fraction-4 (F4) was the most potent fraction based on its ability to inhibit ROS production and the suppression of catabolic markers including IL-6, COX-2, iNOS, MMP-3, MMP-9, MMP-13 and ADAMTS-4 in IL-1β-treated OA chondrocytes. OA chondrocytes treated with F4 in the presence of IL-1β showed significantly enhanced expression of anabolic genes ACAN and COL2A1. In an in vitro model of cartilage degradation treatment with F4 inhibited s-GAG release from IL-1β-treated human cartilage explants. The inhibitory effect of F4 was not mediated through the inhibition of MAPKs and NF-κB activation but was mediated through the suppression of c-Fos/AP-1 activity at transcriptional and post transcriptional levels in OA chondrocytes. Purified Wogonin mimicked the effects of F4 in IL-1β-stimulated OA chondrocytes. Our data demonstrates that a Wogonin-rich fraction of SBE exert chondroprotective effects through the suppression of c-Fos/AP-1 expression and activity in OA chondrocytes under pathological conditions.
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Kang DG, Lee HJ, Kim KT, Hwang SC, Lee CJ, Park JS. Effect of oleanolic acid on the activity, secretion and gene expression of matrix metalloproteinase-3 in articular chondrocytes in vitro and the production of matrix metalloproteinase-3 in vivo. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 21:197-204. [PMID: 28280413 PMCID: PMC5343053 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2017.21.2.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we tried to examine whether oleanolic acid regulates the activity, secretion and gene expression of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) in primary cultured rabbit articular chondrocytes, as well as the production of MMP-3 in the knee joint of rat to evaluate the potential chondroprotective effect of oleanolic acid. Rabbit articular chondrocytes were cultured in a monolayer, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to measure interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-induced gene expression of MMP-3, MMP-1, MMP-13, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs-4 (ADAMTS-4), ADAMTS-5 and type II collagen. In rabbit articular chondrocytes, the effects of oleanolic acid on IL-1β-induced secretion and proteolytic activity of MMP-3 were investigated using western blot analysis and casein zymography, respectively. The effect of oleanolic acid on in vivo MMP-3 protein production was also examined, after intra-articular injection to the knee joint of rat. The results were as follows: (1) oleanolic acid inhibited the gene expression of MMP-3, MMP-1, MMP-13, ADAMTS-4, and ADAMTS-5, but increased the gene expression of type II collagen; (2) oleanolic acid reduced the secretion and proteolytic activity of MMP-3; (3) oleanolic acid suppressed the production of MMP-3 protein in vivo. These results suggest that oleanolic acid can regulate the activity, secretion and gene expression of MMP-3, by directly acting on articular chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Geun Kang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Changwon 51472, Korea
| | - Hyun Jae Lee
- Department of Health Management, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Korea
| | - Kun Tae Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Sun-Chul Hwang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Choong Jae Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Jin Sung Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
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Li J, Wei Y, Li X, Zhu D, Nie B, Zhou J, Lou L, Dong B, Wu A, Che Y, Chen M, Zhu L, Mu M, Chai L. Herbal formula Xian-Fang-Huo-Ming-Yin regulates differentiation of lymphocytes and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in collagen-induced arthritis mice. Altern Ther Health Med 2017; 17:12. [PMID: 28056922 PMCID: PMC5216578 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1526-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Xian-Fang-Huo-Ming-Yin (XFHM), a traditional herbal formula, has been used to treat sores and carbuncles for hundreds of years in Asia. Nowadays, its clinical effects in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have been validated. In this study, we want to study its possible molecular mechanisms of regulating the differentiation of lymphocytes and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice for RA treatment. Methods A high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization/mass spectrometer (HPLC-ESI/MSn) system was used to analyze the constituents of XFHM granules. An arthritics mouse model was induced by collagen and leflunomide (LEF) was used as a positive control medicine. Pathological changes at the metatarsophalangeal joint were studied through Safranin O and immunohistochemical staining. The differentiation of T, B and NK cells was examined by flow cytometry and pro-inflammatory cytokines were assayed using an Inflammation Antibody Array assay. The expression of key molecules of the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathways in spleen were studied by western-blot analysis. Results In our study. 21 different dominant chemical constituents were identified in XFHM. Treatment with XFHM suppressed the pathological changes in arthrosis of CIA. Additionally, XFHM down-regulated the proliferation and differentiation of CD3+ T cells and CD3−CD19+ B cells significantly. However, XFHM had no significant effect on CD3−NK1.1+ NK cells. Further study showed that the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines had been suppressed by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB and JAK/STAT signaling. Conclusions XFHM can regulate and maintain the immunologic balance of lymphocytic immunity and inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, thus suppressing the pathological changes of RA. Therefore, XFHM may be used as an application of traditional medicine against RA in modern complementary and alternative therapeutics. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-016-1526-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Nirmal PS, Jagtap SD, Narkhede AN, Nagarkar BE, Harsulkar AM. New herbal composition (OA-F2) protects cartilage degeneration in a rat model of collagenase induced osteoarthritis. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 17:6. [PMID: 28049462 PMCID: PMC5209898 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1535-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA) is on rise on the global scale. At present there are no satisfactory pharmacological agents for treating OA. Our previous study showed that Sida cordifolia L. and Zingiber officinale Rosc. had protective effect on cartilage. Here, we describe the effect of OA-F2, a herbal formulation prepared using combination of these two plants in alleviating OA associated symptoms in a rat model of collagenase-induced OA. METHODS OA was induced by intra-articular injection of collagenase type II in wistar rats. Diclofenac (10 mg/kg) was used as a reference control. Rats (n = 6) were divided into 6 groups: Healthy control (HC), osteoarthritic control (OAC), diclofenac (DICLO), OA-F2L (135 mg/kg), OA-F2M (270 mg/kg) and OA-F2H (540 mg/kg). The effects of the 20 days treatment were monitored by parameters like knee diameter, paw volume, paw retraction; serum C-reactive protein (CRP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and glycosaminoglycan (GAG). Radiography and histopathology of knee joint were also studied. Additionally, gene expression was studied from isolated synovium tissue proving anti-osteoarthritic potential of OA-F2. RESULTS Oral administration of OA-F2 has significantly prevented knee swelling compared to OAC; OA-F2 and DICLO, significantly reduced paw volume compared to OAC. Paw latency was remarkably increased by OA-F2 compared to OAC. OA-F2L (-0.670, p < 0.001), M (-0.110, p < 0.05) and H (0.073) has markedly reduced levels of CRP compared to DICLO. OA-F2L (p < 0.05), M (p < 0.001) and H (p < 0.05) significantly reduced ALP levels, compared to DICLO. GAG release in the serum was also significantly lowered in OA-F2 treated group compared to DICLO. Radiological and histopathological observations showed cartilage protection by OA-F2. OA-F2 has upregulated SOD and GPx. Upregulated CAT expression was observed in OA-F2M and H. Considerable down-regulation of expression of MMP-3 and MMP-9 was observed in all the groups. Up-regulation of TIMP-1 was observed in rats treated with OA-F2L, H and DICLO. CONCLUSION OA-F2 has shown therapeutic effects in rat model of collagenase induced OA by demonstrating cartilage protection through controlling MMPs and improving anti-oxidant levels in arthritic synovium and is a potent candidate for further drug development and treatment for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi S. Nirmal
- Department of Herbal Biotechnology, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune-Satara road, Pune, 411 043 Maharashtra India
| | - Suresh D. Jagtap
- Department of Herbal Biotechnology, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune-Satara road, Pune, 411 043 Maharashtra India
| | - Aarti N. Narkhede
- Department of Herbal Biotechnology, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune-Satara road, Pune, 411 043 Maharashtra India
| | - Bhagyashri E. Nagarkar
- Department of Herbal Biotechnology, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune-Satara road, Pune, 411 043 Maharashtra India
| | - Abhay M. Harsulkar
- Department of Herbal Biotechnology, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune-Satara road, Pune, 411 043 Maharashtra India
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Ra HJ, Lee HJ, Jo HS, Nam DC, Lee YB, Kang BH, Moon DK, Kim DH, Lee CJ, Hwang SC. Betulin suppressed interleukin-1β-induced gene expression, secretion and proteolytic activity of matrix metalloproteinase in cultured articular chondrocytes and production of matrix metalloproteinase in the knee joint of rat. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2016; 21:19-26. [PMID: 28066137 PMCID: PMC5214907 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2017.21.1.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We investigated whether betulin affects the gene expression, secretion and proteolytic activity of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) in primary cultured rabbit articular chondrocytes, as well as in vivo production of MMP-3 in the rat knee joint to evaluate the potential chondroprotective effect of betulin. Rabbit articular chondrocytes were cultured and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to measure interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-induced gene expression of MMP-3, MMP-1, MMP-13, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs-4 (ADAMTS-4), ADAMTS-5 and type II collagen. Effect of betulin on IL-1β-induced secretion and proteolytic activity of MMP-3 was investigated using western blot analysis and casein zymography, respectively. Effect of betulin on MMP-3 protein production was also examined in vivo. The results were as follows: (1) betulin inhibited the gene expression of MMP-3, MMP-1, MMP-13, ADAMTS-4, and ADAMTS-5, but increased the gene expression of type II collagen; (2) betulin inhibited the secretion and proteolytic activity of MMP-3; (3) betulin suppressed the production of MMP-3 protein in vivo. These results suggest that betulin can regulate the gene expression, secretion, and proteolytic activity of MMP-3, by directly acting on articular chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Jong Ra
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Gangneung Asan Hospital, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Gangneung 25440, Korea
| | - Hyun Jae Lee
- Department of Health Management, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Korea
| | - Ho Seung Jo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Dae Cheol Nam
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Young Bok Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Byeong Hun Kang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Dong Kyu Moon
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Dong Hee Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Choong Jae Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Sun-Chul Hwang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
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Xianfanghuomingyin, a Chinese Compound Medicine, Modulates the Proliferation and Differentiation of T Lymphocyte in a Collagen-Induced Arthritis Mouse Model. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:6356871. [PMID: 27656238 PMCID: PMC5021507 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6356871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 07/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), xianfanghuomingyin (XFHM) is used to treat autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Here, we studied the mechanisms underlying its treatment effects, especially its anti-inflammatory effects in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model. We found that cartilage destruction and pannus formation were alleviated by treatment with XFHM. The abnormal differentiation of Th1 and Th17 cells was downregulated significantly by XFHM, and Th2 and Treg cells were upregulated. Moreover, the expression levels of specific cytokines and transcription factors related to Th1 cells (interferon γ [IFNγ], T-bet) and Th17 cells (interleukin- [IL-] 17) and the nuclear receptor retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor-gamma (RORγ) were downregulated. Serum IL-4 and GATA-3, which contribute to Th2 cells differentiation, increased significantly after XFHM administration. These results indicate that XFHM can restore the balance of T lymphocytes and reestablish the immunological tolerance to inhibit autoinflammatory disorder of RA. Taken together, XFHM can be used as a complementary or alternative traditional medicine to treat RA.
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