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Day EP, Johnston BR, Bazarek SF, Brown JM, Lemos N, Gibson EI, Hurban HN, Fecho SB, Holt-Bright L, Eun DD, Pontari MA, De EJ, McGovern FJ, Ruggieri MR, Barbe MF. Anatomical Location of the Vesical Branches of the Inferior Hypogastric Plexus in Human Cadavers. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:794. [PMID: 38667441 PMCID: PMC11049538 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14080794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
We have demonstrated in canines that somatic nerve transfer to vesical branches of the inferior hypogastric plexus (IHP) can be used for bladder reinnervation after spinal root injury. Yet, the complex anatomy of the IHP hinders the clinical application of this repair strategy. Here, using human cadavers, we clarify the spatial relationships of the vesical branches of the IHP and nearby pelvic ganglia, with the ureteral orifice of the bladder. Forty-four pelvic regions were examined in 30 human cadavers. Gross post-mortem and intra-operative approaches (open anterior abdominal, manual laparoscopic, and robot-assisted) were used. Nerve branch distances and diameters were measured after thorough visual inspection and gentle dissection, so as to not distort tissue. The IHP had between 1 to 4 vesical branches (2.33 ± 0.72, mean ± SD) with average diameters of 0.51 ± 0.06 mm. Vesical branches from the IHP arose from a grossly visible pelvic ganglion in 93% of cases (confirmed histologically). The pelvic ganglion was typically located 7.11 ± 6.11 mm posterolateral to the ureteral orifice in 69% of specimens. With this in-depth characterization, vesical branches from the IHP can be safely located both posterolateral to the ureteral orifice and emanating from a more proximal ganglionic enlargement during surgical procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily P. Day
- MD Program, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA;
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine of Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (E.I.G.); or (M.R.R.)
| | - Benjamin R. Johnston
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (B.R.J.); (S.F.B.)
| | - Stanley F. Bazarek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (B.R.J.); (S.F.B.)
| | - Justin M. Brown
- Neurosurgery Paralysis Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Nucelio Lemos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
| | - Eve I. Gibson
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine of Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (E.I.G.); or (M.R.R.)
| | - Helaina N. Hurban
- MD Program, Lewis Katz School of Medicine of Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA;
| | - Susan B. Fecho
- School of Visual, Performing and Communication Arts, Barton College, Wilson, NC 27893, USA;
| | - Lewis Holt-Bright
- Aging + Cardiovascular Discovery Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine of Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA;
| | - Daniel D. Eun
- Robotic Surgical Services, Lewis Katz School of Medicine of Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA;
- Department of Urology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine of Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA;
| | - Michel A. Pontari
- Department of Urology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine of Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA;
| | - Elise J. De
- Department of Urology, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY 12208, USA;
| | - Francis J. McGovern
- Department of Urology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Michael R. Ruggieri
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine of Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (E.I.G.); or (M.R.R.)
- Neurosurgery Paralysis Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Mary F. Barbe
- Aging + Cardiovascular Discovery Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine of Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA;
- Department of Biomedical Education and Data Science, Lewis Katz School of Medicine of Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
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Joussain C, Le Coz O, Pichugin A, Marconi P, Lim F, Sicurella M, Foster K, Giuliano F, Epstein AL, Aranda Muñoz A. Development and Assessment of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1) Amplicon Vectors with Sensory Neuron-Selective Promoters. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158474. [PMID: 35955608 PMCID: PMC9369297 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) is a severe pathological condition characterized by involuntary detrusor contractions leading to urine leakage. This condition is frequent after spinal cord injury (SCI). Gene therapy for NDO requires the development of vectors that express therapeutic transgenes driven by sensory neuron-specific promoters. The aim of this study was to develop and assess tools for the characterization of sensory neuron-specific promoters in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons after transduction with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)-based amplicon defective vectors. Methods: The HSV-1 vector genome encoded two independent transcription cassettes: one expressed firefly luciferase (FLuc) driven by different promoters’ candidates (rTRPV1, rASIC3, rCGRP, or hCGRP), and the other expressed a reporter gene driven by an invariable promoter. The strength and selectivity of promoters was assessed in organotypic cultures of explanted adult DRG, or sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia from control and SCI rats. Results: The rCGRP promoter induced selective expression in the DRG of normal rats. The rTRPV-1 promoter, which did not display selective activity in control rats, induced selective expression in DRG explanted from SCI rats. Conclusions: This study provides a methodology to assess sensory neuron-specific promoters, opening new perspectives for future gene therapy for NDO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Joussain
- UMR INSERM U1179—Université de Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines/Paris Saclay, UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, 2, Avenue de la Source de la Bièvre, 78180 Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France; (C.J.); (O.L.C.); (A.P.); (F.G.); (A.A.M.)
- Neuro-Urology R. Poincaré Hospital AP-HP, 104 bvd R. Poincaré, 92380 Garches, France
- Ipsen Innovation SAS, 5 Avenue du Canada, Zone Industrielle de Courtaboeuf, 91940 Les Ulis, France
| | - Olivier Le Coz
- UMR INSERM U1179—Université de Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines/Paris Saclay, UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, 2, Avenue de la Source de la Bièvre, 78180 Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France; (C.J.); (O.L.C.); (A.P.); (F.G.); (A.A.M.)
| | - Andrey Pichugin
- UMR INSERM U1179—Université de Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines/Paris Saclay, UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, 2, Avenue de la Source de la Bièvre, 78180 Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France; (C.J.); (O.L.C.); (A.P.); (F.G.); (A.A.M.)
| | - Peggy Marconi
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences (DOCPAS), Via Luigi Borsari, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (P.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Filip Lim
- Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), CSIC-UAM, Calle Nicolas Cabrera 1, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Mariaconcetta Sicurella
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences (DOCPAS), Via Luigi Borsari, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (P.M.); (M.S.)
- IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Urological Research Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Keith Foster
- Ipsen Bioinnovation Ltd., 102 Park Drive, Milton Park, Abingdon OX14 4RY, UK;
| | - François Giuliano
- UMR INSERM U1179—Université de Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines/Paris Saclay, UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, 2, Avenue de la Source de la Bièvre, 78180 Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France; (C.J.); (O.L.C.); (A.P.); (F.G.); (A.A.M.)
- Neuro-Urology R. Poincaré Hospital AP-HP, 104 bvd R. Poincaré, 92380 Garches, France
| | - Alberto L. Epstein
- UMR INSERM U1179—Université de Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines/Paris Saclay, UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, 2, Avenue de la Source de la Bièvre, 78180 Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France; (C.J.); (O.L.C.); (A.P.); (F.G.); (A.A.M.)
- EG427, Pépinière Hôpital Cochin, 29 Rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Alejandro Aranda Muñoz
- UMR INSERM U1179—Université de Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines/Paris Saclay, UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, 2, Avenue de la Source de la Bièvre, 78180 Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France; (C.J.); (O.L.C.); (A.P.); (F.G.); (A.A.M.)
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Kaleczyc J, Sienkiewicz W, Lepiarczyk E, Kasica‐Jarosz N, Pidsudko Z. The influence of castration on intramural neurons of the urinary bladder trigone in male pigs. J Anat 2021; 239:720-731. [PMID: 33971693 PMCID: PMC8349450 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the influence of castration performed at neonatal age on neuronal elements in the intramural ganglia of the urinary bladder trigone (UBT) in male pigs using double-labeling immunohistochemistry. The ganglia were examined in intact (IP) 7-day-old (castration day) pigs, and at 3 and 6 months after surgery. In IP and control (3- and 6-month-old noncastrated pigs) groups, virtually, all neurons were adrenergic (68%) or cholinergic (32%) in nature. Many of them (32%, 51%, and 81%, respectively; 56%, 75%, and 85% adrenergic; and 32%, 52%, and 65% cholinergic, respectively) stained for the androgen receptor (AR), and only a small number of nerve cells were caspase-3 (CASP-3)-positive. In 3- and 6-month-old castrated pigs, an excessive loss (87.6% and 87.5%, respectively) of neurons and intraganglionic nerve fibers was observed. The majority of the surviving adrenergic (61% and 72%, respectively) and many cholinergic (41% and 31%, respectively) neurons expressed CASP-3 and were also AR-positive (61% and 66%, and 40% and 36%, respectively). This study revealed for the first time the excessive loss of intramural UBT neurons following castration, which could have resulted from apoptosis induced by androgen deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerzy Kaleczyc
- Department of Animal AnatomyFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Warmia and Mazury in OlsztynOlsztynPoland
| | - Waldemar Sienkiewicz
- Department of Animal AnatomyFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Warmia and Mazury in OlsztynOlsztynPoland
| | - Ewa Lepiarczyk
- Department of Human Physiology and PathophysiologySchool of MedicineUniversity of Warmia and Mazury in OlsztynOlsztynPoland
| | - Natalia Kasica‐Jarosz
- Department of Animal AnatomyFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Warmia and Mazury in OlsztynOlsztynPoland
| | - Zenon Pidsudko
- Department of Animal AnatomyFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Warmia and Mazury in OlsztynOlsztynPoland
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Mazur U, Lepiarczyk E, Janikiewicz P, Bossowska A. Somatostatin immunoreactivity within the urinary bladder nerve fibers and paracervical ganglion urinary bladder projecting neurons in the female pig. J Chem Neuroanat 2021; 117:102007. [PMID: 34314850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2021.102007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The study was designed to examine the distribution and chemical coding of somatostatin-immunoreactive (SOM-IR) nerve fibers supplying the urinary bladder wall and to establish the distribution and immunohistochemical characteristics of the subpopulation of paracervical ganglion (PCG) SOM-IR neurons projecting to this organ in female pigs. The PCG-urinary bladder projecting neurons (PCG-UBPN) were visualized with retrograde neuronal tracer Fast Blue (FB). Double-labeling immunohistochemistry performed on cryostat sections from the urinary bladder wall revealed that the greatest density of SOM-IR nerve fibers was found in the muscle layer and around blood vessels, a moderate number of these nerve terminals supplied the submucosa and only single SOM-IR axons were encountered beneath the urothelium. In all the investigated sections the vast majority of SOM-IR nerve fibers were immunopositive to vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) and many SOM-IR axons contained immunoreactivity to neuropeptide Y (NPY). Approximately 65 % of FB-positive (FB+) PCG-UBPN were immunoreactive to SOM. Moreover, PCG FB+/SOM + nerve cells were simultaneously immunoreactive to choline acetyltransferase (ChAT; 64.6 ± 0.6 %), NPY (59.7 ± 1.2 %), neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS; 46.1 ± 0.7 %), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP; 29.9 ± 2.2 %), Leu5-enkephalin (L-ENK; 19.5 ± 6.3 %), dopamine β-hydroxylase (DβH; 14.9 ± 1.9 %) or pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP; 14.8 ± 2.4 %). The present study reveals the extensive expression of SOM in both the nerve fibres supplying the porcine urinary bladder wall and the PCG neurons projecting to this organ, indicating an important regulatory role of SOM in the control of the urinary bladder function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Mazur
- Department of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology, School Of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Warszawska 30, 10-082, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Ewa Lepiarczyk
- Department of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology, School Of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Warszawska 30, 10-082, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Paweł Janikiewicz
- Department of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology, School Of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Warszawska 30, 10-082, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Bossowska
- Department of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology, School Of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Warszawska 30, 10-082, Olsztyn, Poland.
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The Influence of an Adrenergic Antagonist Guanethidine on the Distribution Pattern and Chemical Coding of Caudal Mesenteric Ganglion Perikarya and Their Axons Supplying the Porcine Bladder. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094896. [PMID: 34063103 PMCID: PMC8124201 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was aimed at disclosing the influence of intravesically instilled guanethidine (GUA) on the distribution, relative frequency and chemical coding of both the urinary bladder intramural sympathetic nerve fibers and their parent cell bodies in the caudal mesenteric ganglion (CaMG) in juvenile female pigs. GUA instillation led to a profound decrease in the number of perivascular nerve terminals. Furthermore, the chemical profile of the perivascular innervation within the treated bladder also distinctly changed, as most of axons became somatostatin-immunoreactive (SOM-IR), while in the control animals they were found to be neuropeptide Y (NPY)-positive. Intravesical treatment with GUA led not only to a significant decrease in the number of bladder-projecting tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) CaMG somata (94.3 ± 1.8% vs. 73.3 ± 1.4%; control vs. GUA-treated pigs), but simultaneously resulted in the rearrangement of their co-transmitters repertoire, causing a distinct decrease in the number of TH+/NPY+ (89.6 ± 0.7% vs. 27.8 ± 0.9%) cell bodies and an increase in the number of SOM-(3.6 ± 0.4% vs. 68.7 ± 1.9%), calbindin-(CB; 2.06 ± 0.2% vs. 9.1 ± 1.2%) or galanin-containing (GAL; 1.6 ± 0.3% vs. 28.2 ± 1.3%) somata. The present study provides evidence that GUA significantly modifies the sympathetic innervation of the porcine urinary bladder wall, and thus may be considered a potential tool for studying the plasticity of this subdivision of the bladder innervation.
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Changes in the Neurochemical Coding of the Anterior Pelvic Ganglion Neurons Supplying the Male Pig Urinary Bladder Trigone after One-Sided Axotomy of Their Nerve Fibers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052231. [PMID: 33668086 PMCID: PMC7956190 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the effect of unilateral axotomy of urinary bladder trigone (UBT)-projecting nerve fibers from the right anterior pelvic ganglion (APG) on changes in the chemical coding of their neuronal bodies. The study was performed using male pigs with immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). The animals were divided into a control (C), a morphological (MG) or a molecular biology group (MBG). APG neurons supplying UBT were revealed using the retrograde tracing technique with Fast Blue (FB). Unilateral axotomy resulted in an over 50% decrease in the number of FB+ neurons in both APG ganglia. Immunohistochemistry revealed significant changes in the chemical coding of FB+ cells only in the right ganglion: decreased expression of dopamine-B-hydroxylase (DBH)/tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and up-regulation of the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT)/choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), galanin (GAL), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and brain nitric oxide synthase (bNOS). The qPCR results partly corresponded with immunofluorescence findings. In the APGs, genes for VAChT and ChAT, TH and DBH, VIP, and NOS were distinctly down-regulated, while the expression of GAL was up-regulated. Such data may be the basis for further studies concerning the plasticity of these ganglia under experimental or pathological conditions.
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Franke-Radowiecka A. Paracervical ganglion in the female pig during prenatal development: Morphology and immunohistochemical characteristics. Histol Histopathol 2020; 35:1363-1377. [PMID: 33269806 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the development of the paracervical ganglion in 5-, 7- and 10-week-old porcine foetuses using double labelling immunofluorescence method. In 5-week-old foetuses single PGP-positive perikarya were visible only along the mesonephric ducts. They contained DβH or VAChT, and nerve fibres usually were PGP/VAChT-positive. The perikarya were mainly oval. In 7-week-old foetuses, a compact group of PGP-positive neurons (3144±213) was visible on both sides and externally to the uterovaginal canal mesenchyme of paramesonephric ducts. Nerve cell bodies contained only DβH (36.40±1.63%) or VAChT (17.31±1.13%). In the 10-week-old foetuses, the compact group of PGP-positive neurons divided into several large and many small clusters of nerve cells and also became more expanded along the whole uterovaginal canal mesenchyme reaching the initial part of the uterine canal of the paramesonephric duct. The number of neurons located in these neuronal structures increased to 4121±259. Immunohistochemistry revealed that PGP-positive nerve cell bodies contained DβH (40.26±0,73%) and VAChT (30.73±1.34%) and were also immunoreactive for NPY (33.24±1,27%), SOM (23.6±0,44%) or VIP (22.9±1,13%). Other substances studied (GAL, NOS, CGRP, SP) were not determined at this stage of the development. In this study, for the first time, the morphology of PCG formation in the porcine foetus has been described in three stages of development. Dynamic changes in the number of neurons and their sizes were also noted, as well as the changes in immunochistochemical coding of maturing neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Franke-Radowiecka
- Department of Animal Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland.
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Design-Based stereology and binary image histomorphometry in nerve assessment. J Neurosci Methods 2020; 336:108635. [PMID: 32070676 PMCID: PMC8045463 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2020.108635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stereology and histomorphometry are widely used by investigators to quantify nerve characteristics in normal and pathological states, including nerve injury and regeneration. While these methods of analysis are complementary, no study to date has systematically compared both approaches in peripheral nerve. This study investigated the reliability of design-based stereology versus semi-automated binary imaging histomorphometry for assessing healthy peripheral nerve characteristics. NEW METHOD Stereological analysis was compared to histomorphometry with binary image analysis on uninjured sciatic nerves to determine nerve fiber number, nerve area, neural density, and fiber distribution. RESULTS Sciatic nerves were harvested from 6 male Lewis rats, aged 8-12 weeks for comprehensive analysis of 6 nerve specimens. From each animal, sciatic nerve specimens were fixed, stained, and sectioned for analysis by light and electron microscopy. Both histomorphometry and stereological peripheral nerve analyses were performed on all specimens by two blinded and independent investigators who quantified nerve fiber count, fiber width, density, and related distribution parameters. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS Histomorphometry and stereological analysis provided similar outcomes in nerve fiber number and total nerve area. However, the light microscopy, but not electron microscopy, stereological analysis yielded higher nerve fiber area compared to histomorphometry or manual measurement. CONCLUSION Both methods measure similar fiber number and overall nerve fiber area; however, stereology with light microscopy quantified higher fiber area. Histomorphometry optimizes throughput and comprehensive analysis but requires user thresholding.
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Lepiarczyk E, Bossowska A, Skowrońska A, Majewski M. A study on preganglionic connections and possible viscerofugal projections from urinary bladder intramural ganglia to the caudal mesenteric ganglion in the pig. J Anat 2018; 234:263-273. [PMID: 30468248 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to (1) ascertain the distribution and immunohistochemical characteristics of sympathetic preganglionic neurons supplying the caudal mesenteric ganglion (CaMG) and (2) verify the existence of viscerofugal projections from the urinary bladder trigone intramural ganglia (UBT-IG) to the CaMG in female pigs (n = 6). Combined retrograde tracing and immunofluorescence methods were used. Injections of the neuronal tracer Fast Blue (FB) into the right CaMG revealed no retrogradely labelled (FB-positive; FB+ ) nerve cells in the intramural ganglia; however, many FB+ neurons were found in the spinal cord sympathetic nuclei. Double-labelling immunohistochemistry revealed that nearly all (99.4 ± 0.6%) retrogradely labelled neurons were cholinergic (choline acetyltransferase-positive; ChAT+ ) in nature. Many FB+ /ChAT+ perikarya stained positive for vesicular acetylcholine transporter (63.11 ± 5.34%), neuronal nitric oxide synthase (53.48 ± 9.62%) or cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide (41.13 ± 4.77%). A small number of the retrogradely labelled cells revealed immunoreactivity for calcitonin gene-related peptide (7.60 ± 1.34%) or pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (4.57 ± 1.43%). The present study provides the first detailed information on the arrangement and chemical features of preganglionic neurons projecting to the porcine CaMG and, importantly, strong evidence suggesting the absence of viscerofugal projections from the UBT-IG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Lepiarczyk
- Department of Human Physiology, School Of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Bossowska
- Department of Human Physiology, School Of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Skowrońska
- Department of Human Physiology, School Of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Mariusz Majewski
- Department of Human Physiology, School Of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
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Barbe MF, Gomez-Amaya SM, Salvadeo DM, Lamarre NS, Tiwari E, Cook S, Glair CP, Jang DH, Ragheb RM, Sheth A, Braverman AS, Ruggieri MR. Clarification of the Innervation of the Bladder, External Urethral Sphincter and Clitoris: A Neuronal Tracing Study in Female Mongrel Hound Dogs. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2018; 301:1426-1441. [PMID: 29575690 DOI: 10.1002/ar.23808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Many studies examining the innervation of genitourinary structures focus on either afferent or efferent inputs, or on only one structure of the system. We aimed to clarify innervation of the bladder, external urethral sphincter (EUS) and clitoris. Retrograde dyes were injected into each end organ in female dogs. Spinal cord, mid-bladder, and spinal, caudal mesenteric, sympathetic trunk and pelvic plexus ganglia were examined for retrograde dye-labeled neurons. Neurons retrogradely labeled from the bladder were found primarily in L7-S2 spinal ganglia, spinal cord lateral zona intermedia at S1-S3 levels, caudal mesenteric ganglia, T11-L2 and L6-S2 sympathetic trunk ganglia, and pelvic plexus ganglia. The mid-bladder wall contained many intramural ganglia neurons labeled anterogradely from the pelvic nerve, and intramural ganglia retrogradely labeled from dye labeling sites surrounding ureteral orifices. Neurons retrogradely labeled from the clitoris were found only in L7 and S1 spinal ganglia, L7-S3 spinal cord lateral zona intermedia, and S1 sympathetic trunk ganglia, and caudal mesenteric ganglia. Neurons retrogradely labeled from the EUS were found in primarily at S1 and S2 spinal ganglia, spinal cord lamina IX at S1-S3, caudal mesenteric ganglia, and S1-S2 sympathetic trunk ganglia. Thus, direct inputs from the spinal cord to each end organ were identified, as well as multisynaptic circuits involving several ganglia, including intramural ganglia in the bladder wall. Knowledge of this complex circuitry of afferent and efferent inputs to genitourinary structures is necessary to understand and treat genitourinary dysfunction. Anat Rec, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary F Barbe
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19140
| | - Sandra M Gomez-Amaya
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19140
| | - Danielle M Salvadeo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19140
| | - Neil S Lamarre
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19140
| | - Ekta Tiwari
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19140
| | - Shalonda Cook
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19140
| | - Connor P Glair
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19140
| | - Daniel H Jang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19140
| | - Rachel M Ragheb
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19140
| | - Akaash Sheth
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19140
| | - Alan S Braverman
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19140
| | - Michael R Ruggieri
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19140.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19140.,Shriners Hospitals for Children of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19140
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11
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Groh AM, Moore CW, El-Warrak A, Seager SW, Power NE, Allman BL, Beveridge TS. Electroejaculation functions primarily by direct activation of pelvic musculature: Perspectives from a porcine model. TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH IN ANATOMY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tria.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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12
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Botti M, Ragionieri L, Cacchioli A, Panu R, Gazza F. Striated Perineal Muscles: Location of Somatic and Autonomic Neurons Projecting to the Male Pig Ischiocavernous Muscle. Neurochemical Features of the Sympathetic Subset. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2017; 301:837-848. [PMID: 29193823 DOI: 10.1002/ar.23735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The location, number and size of the central and peripheral neurons innervating the ischiocavernous muscle (ICM) were studied in male pigs by means of Fast Blue (FB) retrograde neuronal tracing. Moreover the immunohistochemical properties of the sympathetic ganglia were investigated combining the double immunolabeling method. After injection of FB into the left ICM, a mean number of 245.3 ± 134.9 labeled neurons were found in the ipsilateral ventral horn of the S1-S3 segments of the spinal cord (SC), 129.7 ± 45.5 in the L6-S3 ipsilateral and S2-S3 contralateral spinal ganglia (SGs), 2279.3 ± 622.1 in the ipsilateral L2-S2 and contralateral L5-S2 sympathetic trunk ganglia (STGs), 541.7 ± 158 in the bilateral caudal mesenteric ganglia (CMGs), and 78.3 ± 35.8 in the microganglia of the pelvic plexus (PGs). The mean area of the ICM projecting neurons was 1217 ± 69.7 μm2 in the SC, 2737.5 ± 176.5 μm2 in the SGs, 982.8 ± 36.8 μm2 in the STGs, 865.9 ± 39.14 μm2 in the CMGs and 426.2 ± 24.72 μm2 in the PGs. The FB positive neurons of autonomic ganglia contained Dopamine β hydroxylase, vesicular acetylcholine transporter, neuronal nitric oxyde sinthase, calcitonine gene related peptide, leu-enkephaline, neuropeptide Y, substance P, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, and somatostatine often colocalized with tyrosine hydroxylase. The particular localization of the motor somatic nucleus, the abundant autonomic innervation and the qualitatively different content of ICM projecting sympathetic neurons suggest a complex regulation of this striated muscle involved in involuntary functions, such as the erection, ejaculation, micturition and defecation. Anat Rec, 301:837-848, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddalena Botti
- Department of Veterinary Science, Via del Taglio, 10, Parma, 43126, Italy
| | - Luisa Ragionieri
- Department of Veterinary Science, Via del Taglio, 10, Parma, 43126, Italy
| | - Antonio Cacchioli
- Department of Veterinary Science, Via del Taglio, 10, Parma, 43126, Italy
| | - Rino Panu
- Department of Veterinary Science, Via del Taglio, 10, Parma, 43126, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Gazza
- Department of Veterinary Science, Via del Taglio, 10, Parma, 43126, Italy
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13
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Kozłowska A, Mikołajczyk A, Majewski M. Detailed Characterization of Sympathetic Chain Ganglia (SChG) Neurons Supplying the Skin of the Porcine Hindlimb. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071463. [PMID: 28686209 PMCID: PMC5535954 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It is generally known that in the skin sympathetic fibers innervate various dermal structures, including sweat glands, blood vessels, arrectores pilorum muscles and hair follicles. However, there is a lack of data about the distribution and chemical phenotyping of the sympathetic chain ganglia (SChG) neurons projecting to the skin of the pig, a model that is physiologically and anatomically very representative for humans. Thus, the present study was designed to establish the origin of the sympathetic fibers supplying the porcine skin of the hind leg, and the pattern(s) of putative co-incidence of dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DβH) with pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), somatostatin (SOM), neuronal nitric oxide synthase, substance P, vasoactive intestinal peptide, neuropeptide Y (NPY), leu5-enkephalin and galanin (GAL) using combined retrograde tracing and double-labeling immunohistochemistry. The Fast Blue-positive neurons were found in the L₂-S₂ ganglia. Most of them were small-sized and contained DβH with PACAP, SOM, NPY or GAL. The findings of the present study provide a detailed description of the distribution and chemical coding of the SChG neurons projecting to the skin of the porcine hind leg. Such data may be the basis for further studies concerning the plasticity of these ganglia under experimental or pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kozłowska
- Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury Olsztyn, Olsztyn 10-082, Poland.
| | - Anita Mikołajczyk
- Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury Olsztyn, Olsztyn 10-082, Poland.
| | - Mariusz Majewski
- Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury Olsztyn, Olsztyn 10-082, Poland.
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14
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Botti M, Ragionieri L, Cacchioli A, Panu R, Gazza F. Immunohistochemical Properties of the Peripheral Neurons Projecting to the Pig Bulbospongiosus Muscle. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2016; 299:1192-202. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.23389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maddalena Botti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences; University of Parma; via Del Taglio Parma 10 43126 Italy
| | - Luisa Ragionieri
- Department of Veterinary Sciences; University of Parma; via Del Taglio Parma 10 43126 Italy
| | - Antonio Cacchioli
- Department of Veterinary Sciences; University of Parma; via Del Taglio Parma 10 43126 Italy
| | - Rino Panu
- Department of Veterinary Sciences; University of Parma; via Del Taglio Parma 10 43126 Italy
| | - Ferdinando Gazza
- Department of Veterinary Sciences; University of Parma; via Del Taglio Parma 10 43126 Italy
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15
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Beveridge TS, Johnson M, Power NE, Allman BL. Histological verification of the prehypogastric and ovarian ganglia confirms a bilaterally symmetrical organization of the ganglia comprising the aortic plexus in female human cadavers. J Anat 2016; 228:805-11. [PMID: 26750570 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aortic plexus is a network of sympathetic nerves positioned along the infrarenal abdominal aorta. Recently, we characterized the aortic plexus and its ganglia (inferior mesenteric, left/right spermatic, and prehypogastric ganglion) in males; however, the literature minimally describes its anatomy in females. In the present study, we conducted the first histological examination of the left and right ovarian ganglia, while also investigating whether females, like males, exhibit a prehypogastric ganglion. The ganglia were dissected from embalmed (n = 32) and fresh (n = 1) human cadavers, and H&E staining was used to confirm the presence of a left ovarian ganglion in 31/31 specimens, a right ovarian ganglion in 29/29 specimens and a prehypogastric ganglion in 25/28 specimens. Comparable to the topographic arrangement in males, there is a bilateral organization of the ganglia comprising the aortic plexus in females. More specifically, the left and right ovarian ganglia were positioned in close relation to their respective ovarian artery, whereas the prehypogastric ganglion was positioned within the right cord of the aortic plexus, contralateral to the inferior mesenteric ganglion. Using immunohistochemistry, it was shown that all ganglia from the fresh cadaver stained positive for tyrosine hydroxylase, thereby confirming their sympathetic nature. Having provided the first topographical and histological characterization of the ovarian and prehypogastric ganglia in females, future studies should seek to determine their specific function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler S Beveridge
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Marjorie Johnson
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Nicholas E Power
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Urology Division, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Oncology, Surgical Oncology Division, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada
| | - Brian L Allman
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
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16
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Pellicciari C. Histochemistry in biology and medicine: a message from the citing journals. Eur J Histochem 2015; 59:2610. [PMID: 26708189 PMCID: PMC4698620 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2015.2610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Especially in recent years, biomedical research has taken advantage of the progress in several disciplines, among which microscopy and histochemistry. To assess the influence of histochemistry in the biomedical field, the articles published during the period 2011-2015 have been selected from different databases and grouped by subject categories: as expected, biological and biomedical studies where histochemistry has been used as a major experimental approach include a wide of basic and applied researches on both humans and other animal or plant organisms. To better understand the impact of histochemical publications onto the different biological and medical disciplines, it was useful to look at the journals where the articles published in a multidisciplinary journal of histochemistry have been cited: it was observed that, in the five-years period considered, 20% only of the citations were in histochemical periodicals, the remaining ones being in journals of Cell & Tissue biology, general and experimental Medicine, Oncology, Biochemistry & Molecular biology, Neurobiology, Anatomy & Morphology, Pharmacology & Toxicology, Reproductive biology, Veterinary sciences, Physiology, Endocrinology, Tissue engineering & Biomaterials, as well as in multidisciplinary journals.It is easy to foresee that also in the future the histochemical journals will be an attended forum for basic and applied scientists in the biomedical field. It will be crucial that these journals be open to an audience as varied as possible, publishing articles on the application of refined techniques to very different experimental models: this will stimulate non-histochemist scientists to approach histochemistry whose application horizon could expand to novel and possibly exclusive subjects.
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18
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Botti M, Ragionieri L, Cacchioli A, Gazza F, Panu R. Neurochemical Features of the Autonomic Neurons Projecting to the Cremaster Muscle of the Boar. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2015; 298:2091-7. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.23271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maddalena Botti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences; University of Parma; Parma 43126 Italy
| | - Luisa Ragionieri
- Department of Veterinary Sciences; University of Parma; Parma 43126 Italy
| | - Antonio Cacchioli
- Department of Veterinary Sciences; University of Parma; Parma 43126 Italy
| | - Ferdinando Gazza
- Department of Veterinary Sciences; University of Parma; Parma 43126 Italy
| | - Rino Panu
- Department of Veterinary Sciences; University of Parma; Parma 43126 Italy
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The influence of intravesical administration of resiniferatoxin (RTX) on the chemical coding of sympathetic chain ganglia (SChG) neurons supplying the porcine urinary bladder. Histochem Cell Biol 2015; 144:479-89. [PMID: 26194530 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-015-1355-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Resiniferatoxin (RTX) is used as an experimental drug in therapy of neurogenic urinary bladder disorders. The present study investigated the chemical coding of sympathetic chain ganglia (SChG) neurons supplying porcine urinary bladder after intravesical RTX instillation. The SChG neurons were visualized with retrograde tracing method and their chemical profile was disclosed with double-labeling immunohistochemistry using antibodies against dopamine β-hydroxylase (DβH; marker of noradrenergic neurons), neuropeptide Y (NPY), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), somatostatin (SOM), galanin, Leu(5)-enkephalin and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). It was found that in both the control (n = 5) and RTX-treated pigs (n = 5), the vast majority (90.4 ± 2.8 and 89.7 ± 2.3%, respectively) of FB-positive (FB+) nerve cells were DβH+. RTX instillation caused a decrease in the number of FB+/DβH+ neurons immunopositive to NPY (71.1 ± 12.1 vs 43.2 ± 6.7%), VIP (21.3 ± 10.7 vs 5.3 ± 4.3%) or SOM (16.5 ± 4.6 vs 2.3 ± 2.6%) and a distinct increase in the number of FB+/DβH+ neurons immunoreactive to nNOS (0.8 ± 1 vs 5.3 ± 1.9 %). The present study for the first time has provided some information that therapeutic effects of RTX on the mammalian urinary bladder can be partly mediated by SChG neurons.
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20
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Spradling K, Khoyilar C, Abedi G, Okhunov Z, Wikenheiser J, Yoon R, Huang J, Youssef RF, Ghoniem G, Landman J. Redefining the Autonomic Nerve Distribution of the Bladder Using 3-Dimensional Image Reconstruction. J Urol 2015; 194:1661-7. [PMID: 26003207 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2015.05.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We sought to create a 3-dimensional reconstruction of the autonomic nervous tissue innervating the bladder using male and female cadaver histopathology. MATERIALS AND METHODS We obtained bladder tissue from a male and a female cadaver. Axial cross sections of the bladder were generated at 3 to 5 mm intervals and stained with S100 protein. We recorded the distance between autonomic nerves and bladder mucosa. We manually demarcated nerve tracings using ImageScope software (Aperio, Vista, California), which we imported into Blender™ graphics software to generate 3-dimensional reconstructions of autonomic nerve anatomy. RESULTS Mean nerve density ranged from 0.099 to 0.602 and 0.012 to 0.383 nerves per mm2 in female and male slides, respectively. The highest concentrations of autonomic innervation were located in the posterior aspect of the bladder neck in the female specimen and in the posterior region of the prostatic urethra in the male specimen. Nerve density at all levels of the proximal urethra and bladder neck was significantly higher in posterior vs anterior regions in female specimens (0.957 vs 0.169 nerves per mm2, p<0.001) and male specimens (0.509 vs 0.206 nerves per mm2, p=0.04). CONCLUSIONS Novel 3-dimensional reconstruction of the bladder is feasible and may help redefine our understanding of human bladder innervation. Autonomic innervation of the bladder is highly focused in the posterior aspect of the proximal urethra and bladder neck in male and female bladders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Spradling
- Department of Urology, University of California-Irvine, Orange, California
| | - Cyrus Khoyilar
- Department of Urology, University of California-Irvine, Orange, California
| | - Garen Abedi
- Department of Urology, University of California-Irvine, Orange, California
| | - Zhamshid Okhunov
- Department of Urology, University of California-Irvine, Orange, California
| | - Jamie Wikenheiser
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California-Irvine, Orange, California
| | - Renai Yoon
- Department of Urology, University of California-Irvine, Orange, California
| | - Jiaoti Huang
- Department of Pathology, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Ramy F Youssef
- Department of Urology, University of California-Irvine, Orange, California
| | - Gamal Ghoniem
- Department of Urology, University of California-Irvine, Orange, California
| | - Jaime Landman
- Department of Urology, University of California-Irvine, Orange, California.
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21
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Lepiarczyk E, Bossowska A, Majewski M. Changes in chemical coding of sympathetic chain ganglia (SChG) neurons supplying porcine urinary bladder after botulinum toxin (BTX) treatment. Cell Tissue Res 2015; 360:263-72. [PMID: 25620409 PMCID: PMC4544485 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-014-2086-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Botulinum toxin (BTX) is a neurotoxin used in medicine as an effective drug in experimental therapy of neurogenic urinary bladder disorders. We have investigated the influence of BTX on the chemical coding of sympathetic chain ganglia (SChG) neurons supplying the porcine urinary bladder. The toxin was injected into the wall of the bladder. SChG neurons were visualized by a retrograde tracing method with fluorescent tracer fast blue (FB) and their chemical coding was investigated by double-labelling immunohistochemistry with antibodies against dopamine β-hydroxylase (DβH; a marker of noradrenergic neurons), neuropeptide Y (NPY), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), somatostatin (SOM), galanin (GAL), Leu(5)-enkephalin (L-ENK) and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). In both the control (n = 5) and BTX-treated pigs (n = 5), the vast majority (91 ± 2.3 % and 89.8 ± 2.5 %, respectively) of FB-positive (FB+) nerve cells were DβH+. BTX injections caused a decrease in the number of FB+/DβH+ neurons that were immunopositive to NPY (39.5 ± 4.5 % vs 74.5 ± 11.9 %), VIP (8.9 ± 5.3 % vs 22.3 ± 8.8 %), SOM (5.8 ± 2.3 % vs 17.4 ± 3.7 %) or GAL (0.9 ± 1.2 % vs 5.4 ± 4.4 %) and a distinct increase in the number of FB+/DβH+ neurons that were immunoreactive to L-ENK (3.7 ± 2.9 % vs 1.1 % ± 0.8 %) or nNOS (7.7 ± 3.5 % vs 0.8 ± 0.6 %). Our study provides novel evidence that the therapeutic effects of BTX on the mammalian urinary bladder are partly mediated by SChG neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Lepiarczyk
- Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Warszawska 30, 10-082, Olsztyn, Poland,
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Abstract
This paper is the thirty-sixth consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning the endogenous opioid system. It summarizes papers published during 2013 that studied the behavioral effects of molecular, pharmacological and genetic manipulation of opioid peptides, opioid receptors, opioid agonists and opioid antagonists. The particular topics that continue to be covered include the molecular-biochemical effects and neurochemical localization studies of endogenous opioids and their receptors related to behavior, and the roles of these opioid peptides and receptors in pain and analgesia; stress and social status; tolerance and dependence; learning and memory; eating and drinking; alcohol and drugs of abuse; sexual activity and hormones, pregnancy, development and endocrinology; mental illness and mood; seizures and neurologic disorders; electrical-related activity and neurophysiology; general activity and locomotion; gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic functions; cardiovascular responses; respiration and thermoregulation; and immunological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, NY 11367, United States.
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Localization and neurochemical features of the sympathetic trunk ganglia neurons projecting to the urethral muscle. An experimental study in a porcine animal model. Ann Anat 2014; 196:206-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2013.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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