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Irregularities in Meiotic Prophase I as Prerequisites for Reproductive Isolation in Experimental Hybrids Carrying Robertsonian Translocations. DIVERSITY 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/d15030364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
The basic causes of postzygotic isolation can be elucidated if gametogenesis is studied, which is a drastically different process in males and females. As a step toward clarifying this problem, we obtained an experimental inbred lineage of the eastern mole vole Ellobius tancrei, whose founder animals were animals with identical diploid numbers 2n = 50 but with different Robertsonian translocations (Rb), namely 2Rb4.12 and 2Rb9.13 in the female and 2Rb.2.18 and 2Rb5.9 in the male. Here, we analyzed strictly inbred hybrids (F1, fertile and F10, sterile) using immunocytochemical methods in order to study spermatocytes during the meiotic prophase I. Previously, the presence of trivalents was assumed to have no significant effect on spermatogenesis and fertility in hybrids, but we demonstrated that spermatogenesis might be disturbed due to the cumulative effects of the retarded synapses of Rb bivalents as well as trivalents and their associations with XX sex bivalents. Alterations in the number of gametes due to the described processes led to a decrease in reproductive capacity up to sterility and can be examined as a mechanism for reproductive isolation, thus starting speciation.
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Li X, Li X, Li W, Zhang Y, Guo H, Wang G, Li Y, Wu X, Hu R, Wang S, Zhao X, Chen L, Guan G. Sex-specific meiosis responses to Gsdf in medaka (Oryzias latipes). FEBS J 2022; 290:2760-2779. [PMID: 36515005 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The meiotic entry of undifferentiated germ cells is sexually specific and strictly regulated by the testicular or ovarian environment. Germline stem cells with a set of abnormal sex chromosomes and associated autosomes undergo defective meiotic processes and are eventually eliminated by yet to be defined post-transcriptional modifications. Herein, we report the role of gsdf, a member of BMP/TGFβ family uniquely found in teleost, in the regulation of meiotic entry in medaka (Oryzias latipes) via analyses of gametogenesis in gsdf-deficient XX and XY gonads in comparison with their wild-type siblings. Several differentially expressed genes, including the FKB506-binding protein 7 (fkbp7), were significantly upregulated in pubertal gsdf-deficient gonads. The increase in alternative pre-mRNA isoforms of meiotic synaptonemal complex gene sycp3 was visualized using Integrative Genomics Viewer and confirmed by real-time qPCR. Nevertheless, immunofluorescence analysis showed that Sycp3 protein products reduced significantly in gsdf-deficient XY oocytes. Transmission electron microscope observations showed that normal synchronous cysts were replaced by asynchronous cysts in gsdf-deficient testis. Breeding experiments showed that the sex ratio deviation of gsdf-/- XY gametes in a non-Mendelian manner might be due to the non-segregation of XY chromosomes. Taken together, our results suggest that gsdf plays a role in the proper execution of cytoplasmic and nuclear events through receptor Smad phosphorylation and Sycp3 dephosphorylation to coordinate medaka gametogenesis, including sex-specific mitotic divisions and meiotic recombination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, China.,International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, China.,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, China
| | - Xinwen Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, China.,International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, China.,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, China
| | - Wenhao Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, China.,International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, China.,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, China
| | - Yingqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, China.,International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, China.,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, China
| | - Haiyan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, China.,International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, China.,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, China
| | - Guangxing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, China.,International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, China.,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, China
| | - Yayuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, China.,International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, China.,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, China
| | - Xiaowen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, China.,International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, China.,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, China
| | - Ruiqin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, China.,International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, China.,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, China
| | - Siyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, China.,International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, China.,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, China
| | - Xiaomiao Zhao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liangbiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, China.,International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, China.,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, China
| | - Guijun Guan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, China.,International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, China.,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, China
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Fan X, Zhu Y, Wang N, Zhang B, Zhang C, Wang Y. Therapeutic Dose of Hydroxyurea-Induced Synaptic Abnormalities on the Mouse Spermatocyte. Front Physiol 2021; 12:666339. [PMID: 34305635 PMCID: PMC8299468 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.666339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxyurea (HU) is a widely used pharmacological therapy for sickle cell disease (SCD). However, replication stress caused by HU has been shown to inhibit premeiotic S-phase DNA, leading to reproductive toxicity in germ cells. In this study, we administered the therapeutic doses of HU (i.e., 25 and 50 mg/kg) to male mice to explore whether replication stress by HU affects pachytene spermatocytes and causes the abnormalities of homologous chromosomes pairing and recombination during prophase I of meiosis. In comparison with the control group, the proportions of spermatocyte gaps were significantly different in the experimental groups injected with 25 mg/kg (p < 0.05) and 50 mg/kg of HU (p < 0.05). Moreover, the proportions of unrepaired double-stranded breaks (DSBs) observed by γH2AX staining also corresponded to a higher HU dose with a greater number of breaks. Additionally, a reduction in the counts of recombination foci on the autosomal SCs was observed in the pachytene spermatocytes. Our results reveal that HU has some effects on synaptonemal complex (SC) formation and DSB repair which suggest possible problems in fertility. Therefore, this study provides new evidence of the mechanisms underlying HU reproductive toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Fan
- Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics, School of Bioengineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yunxia Zhu
- The Center of Reproductive Medicine, Xuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Naixin Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics, School of Bioengineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics, School of Bioengineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, China
| | - Cui Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics, School of Bioengineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics, School of Bioengineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, China
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Ribagorda M, Berríos S, Solano E, Ayarza E, Martín-Ruiz M, Gil-Fernández A, Parra MT, Viera A, Rufas JS, Capanna E, Castiglia R, Fernández-Donoso R, Page J. Meiotic behavior of a complex hexavalent in heterozygous mice for Robertsonian translocations: insights for synapsis dynamics. Chromosoma 2019; 128:149-163. [PMID: 30826871 DOI: 10.1007/s00412-019-00695-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Natural populations of the house mouse Mus musculus domesticus show great diversity in chromosomal number due to the presence of chromosomal rearrangements, mainly Robertsonian translocations. Breeding between two populations with different chromosomal configurations generates subfertile or sterile hybrid individuals due to impaired meiotic development. In this study, we have analyzed prophase-I spermatocytes of hybrids formed by crossing mice from Vulcano and Lipari island populations. Both populations have a 2n = 26 karyotype but different combinations of Robertsonian translocations. We studied the progress of synapsis, recombination, and meiotic silencing of unsynapsed chromosomes during prophase-I through the immunolocalization of the proteins SYCP3, SYCP1, γH2AX, RAD51, and MLH1. In these hybrids, a hexavalent is formed that, depending on the degree of synapsis between chromosomes, can adopt an open chain, a ring, or a closed configuration. The frequency of these configurations varies throughout meiosis, with the maximum degree of synapsis occurring at mid pachytene. In addition, we observed the appearance of heterologous synapsis between telocentric and metacentric chromosomes; however, this synapsis seems to be transient and unstable and unsynapsed regions are frequently observed in mid-late pachytene. Interestingly, we found that chiasmata are frequently located at the boundaries of unsynapsed chromosomal regions in the hexavalent during late pachytene. These results provide new clues about synapsis dynamics during meiosis. We propose that mechanical forces generated along chromosomes may induce premature desynapsis, which, in turn, might be counteracted by the location of chiasmata. Despite these and additional meiotic features, such as the accumulation of γH2AX on unsynapsed chromosome regions, we observed a large number of cells that progressed to late stages of prophase-I, indicating that synapsis defects may not trigger a meiotic crisis in these hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Ribagorda
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Soledad Berríos
- Programa de Genética Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Emanuela Solano
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "Charles Darwin", Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Eliana Ayarza
- Departamento de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marta Martín-Ruiz
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Gil-Fernández
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Teresa Parra
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Viera
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julio S Rufas
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ernesto Capanna
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "Charles Darwin", Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Castiglia
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "Charles Darwin", Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Raúl Fernández-Donoso
- Programa de Genética Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jesús Page
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
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Manterola M, Brown TM, Oh MY, Garyn C, Gonzalez BJ, Wolgemuth DJ. BRDT is an essential epigenetic regulator for proper chromatin organization, silencing of sex chromosomes and crossover formation in male meiosis. PLoS Genet 2018. [PMID: 29513658 PMCID: PMC5841650 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The double bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) proteins are critical epigenetic readers that bind to acetylated histones in chromatin and regulate transcriptional activity and modulate changes in chromatin structure and organization. The testis-specific BET member, BRDT, is essential for the normal progression of spermatogenesis as mutations in the Brdt gene result in complete male sterility. Although BRDT is expressed in both spermatocytes and spermatids, loss of the first bromodomain of BRDT leads to severe defects in spermiogenesis without overtly compromising meiosis. In contrast, complete loss of BRDT blocks the progression of spermatocytes into the first meiotic division, resulting in a complete absence of post-meiotic cells. Although BRDT has been implicated in chromatin remodeling and mRNA processing during spermiogenesis, little is known about its role in meiotic processes. Here we report that BRDT is an essential regulator of chromatin organization and reprograming during prophase I of meiosis. Loss of BRDT function disrupts the epigenetic state of the meiotic sex chromosome inactivation in spermatocytes, affecting the synapsis and silencing of the X and Y chromosomes. We also found that BRDT controls the global chromatin organization and histone modifications of the chromatin attached to the synaptonemal complex. Furthermore, the homeostasis of crossover formation and localization during pachynema was altered, underlining a possible epigenetic mechanism by which crossovers are regulated and differentially established in mammalian male genomes. Our observations reveal novel findings about the function of BRDT in meiosis and provide insight into how epigenetic regulators modulate the progression of male mammalian meiosis and the formation of haploid gametes. BRDT, a testis-specific member of the bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) subfamily of epigenetic reader proteins, is essential for the generation of male gametes. In post-meiotic cells, BRDT is involved in chromatin organization and transcriptional regulation through its first bromodomain motif, as loss of the BD1 results in a truncated BRDT protein that fully interrupts the differentiation of the germ cells during the process of spermiogenesis. Complete loss of BRDT function results in an arrest during meiotic prophase with no cells progressing into post-meiotic stages. However, neither the specific role of BRDT in meiosis nor the pathways affected by its depletion are known. We investigated how BRDT controls meiosis by examining its subcellular localization during prophase I as well as the meiotic consequences observed with the loss of BRDT function. BRDT localizes throughout the chromatin of autosomes and sex chromosomes in a dynamic pattern during pachynema and diplonema. Loss of BRDT severely disrupts the epigenetic reprograming and silencing of transcription of the sex chromosomes, the global and regional chromatin configuration, and the formation and localization of crossovers in spermatocytes. Thus, BRDT regulates key meiotic processes that determine the genetic and epigenetic homeostasis of the male gamete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia Manterola
- Department of Genetics & Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States of America
- Human Genetics Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Taylor M. Brown
- Department of Genetics & Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Min Young Oh
- Department of Genetics & Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Corey Garyn
- Department of Genetics & Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Bryan J. Gonzalez
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY,United States of America
| | - Debra J. Wolgemuth
- Department of Genetics & Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States of America
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY,United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY,United States of America
- * E-mail:
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