Ji J, Li Y, Fan L, Lu H, Qu X. Pure erythroid leukemia subsequent to acute myelomonocytic leukemia: A case report.
Medicine (Baltimore) 2021;
100:e25528. [PMID:
33847676 PMCID:
PMC8052012 DOI:
10.1097/md.0000000000025528]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE
Pure erythroid leukemia is a rare subcategory of acute myeloid leukemia characterized by predominant immature erythroid population. Its occurrence subsequent to acute myelomonocytic leukemia has not been reported before. We reported this rare case to call attention because it may pose a diagnostic challenge.
PATIENTS CONCERNS
A 54-year-old female patient presented to our hospital in March 2018 with symptoms of easy fatigability.
DIAGNOSIS
Bone marrow aspiration was hypercellular showing 67.2% blasts mainly including moderate myeloblasts and monoblasts. There was mild dysplasia with some cells having round, oval, or bizarre nuclei which containing 1 to 3 nucleolus. Erythroid lineage was hypoplasia and mature erythrocytes were generally normal. Conventional cytogenetics of bone marrow cells revealed complex karyotype (44, XX, del (5) (q14q34) del (5) (q14q34), del (14) t (11;14) (q10; q10), -16, del (17), -18[10]).
INTERVENTIONS
The patient was treated with second line chemotherapy but did not respond.
QUTCOMES
She died of cardiopulmonary failure 19days after starting of therapy.
LESSONS
This unexpected and relatively uncommon occurrence was associated with a universally rapid and fatal clinical course with survival measured in <2 months despite intensive chemotherapy. We call attention to this rare phenomenon because it may pose a diagnostic challenge.
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