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Wang L, Niu X. Immunoregulatory Roles of Osteopontin in Diseases. Nutrients 2024; 16:312. [PMID: 38276550 PMCID: PMC10819284 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN) is a multifunctional protein that plays a pivotal role in the immune system. It is involved in various biological processes, including cell adhesion, migration and survival. The study of the immunomodulatory effects of OPN is of paramount importance due to its potential therapeutic applications. A comprehensive understanding of how OPN regulates the immune response could pave the way for the development of novel treatments for a multitude of diseases, including autoimmune disorders, infectious diseases and cancer. Therefore, in the following paper, we provide a systematic overview of OPN and its immunoregulatory roles in various diseases, laying the foundation for the development of OPN-based therapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lebei Wang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China;
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiaoyin Niu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China;
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He Z, Shen S, Yi Y, Ren L, Tao H, Wang F, Jia Y. CD31 promotes diffuse large B-cell lymphoma metastasis by upregulating OPN through the AKT pathway and inhibiting CD8+ T cells through the mTOR pathway. Am J Transl Res 2023; 15:2656-2675. [PMID: 37193155 PMCID: PMC10182477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Invasive DLBCL cells are likely to metastasize into extranodal tissue (e.g., the central nervous system) that is difficult for chemotherapy drugs to penetrate, seriously affecting patient prognosis. The mechanism of DLBCL invasion remains unclear. This study investigated the association between invasiveness and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (CD31) in DLBCL. METHODS This study consisted of 40 newly diagnosed DLBCL patients. Differentially expressed genes and pathways in invasive DLBCL cells were identified using real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemical staining, RNA sequencing, and animal experiments. The effect of CD31-overexpressing DLBCL cells on the interactions between endothelial cells was determined using scanning electron microscopy. The interactions between CD8+ T cells and DLBCL cells were examined using xenograft models and single-cell RNA sequencing. RESULTS CD31 was upregulated in patients with multiple metastatic tumor foci compared to patients with a single tumor focus. CD31-overexpressing DLBCL cells formed more metastatic foci in mice and shortened mouse survival time. CD31 disrupted the tight junctions between endothelial cells of the blood-brain barrier by activating the osteopontin-epidermal growth factor receptor-tight junction protein 1/tight junction protein-2 axis through the protein kinase B (AKT) pathway, enabling DLBCL to enter the central nervous system to form central nervous system lymphoma. Furthermore, CD31-overexpressing DLBCL cells recruited CD31+ CD8+ T cells that failed to synthesize interferon-γ (INF-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and perforin via the activated mTOR pathway. Some target genes, such as those encoding S100 calcium-binding protein A4, macrophage-activating factor, and class I b-tubulin, may be used to treat this type of DLBCL surrounded by functionally suppressed CD31+ memory T cells. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that DLBCL invasion is associated with CD31. The presence of CD31 in DLBCL lesions could represent a valuable target for treating central nervous system lymphoma and restoring CD8+ T-cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengchang He
- Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610000, Sichuan, PR China
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610000, Sichuan, PR China
- Hematological Institute of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu 610000, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Shaoxian Shen
- Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital Jinniu HospitalChengdu 610000, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yuyao Yi
- Clinical Trial Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610000, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Lingli Ren
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical CollegeChengdu 610000, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Huan Tao
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610000, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Fujue Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Hematology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South ChinaHengyang 421200, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yongqian Jia
- Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610000, Sichuan, PR China
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610000, Sichuan, PR China
- Hematological Institute of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu 610000, Sichuan, PR China
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610000, Sichuan, PR China
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Salivary Osteopontin as a Potential Biomarker for Oral Mucositis. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11040208. [PMID: 33808230 PMCID: PMC8066152 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11040208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN), a multifunctional phosphoglycoprotein also presents in saliva, plays a crucial role in tumour progression, inflammation and mucosal protection. Mucosal barrier injury due to high-dose conditioning regimen administered during autologous and allogeneic peripheral stem cell transplantation (APSCT) has neither efficient therapy nor established biomarkers. Our aim was to assess the biomarker role of OPN during APSCT, with primary focus on oral mucositis (OM). Serum and salivary OPN levels were determined by ELISA in 10 patients during APSCT at four stages of transplantation (day -3/-7, 0, +7, +14), and in 23 respective healthy controls. Results: There was a negative correlation between both salivary and serum OPN levels and grade of OM severity during APSCT (r = -0.791, p = 0.019; r = -0.973, p = 0.001). Salivary OPN increased at days +7 (p = 0.011) and +14 (p = 0.034) compared to controls. Among patients, it was higher at day +14 compared to the time of admission (day -3/-7) (p = 0.039) and transplantation (day 0) (p = 0.011). Serum OPN remained elevated at all four stages of transplantation compared to controls (p = 0.013, p = 0.02, p = 0.011, p = 0.028). During APSCT elevated salivary OPN is a potential non-invasive biomarker of oral mucositis whereas the importance of high serum OPN warrants further studies.
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Lovisa F, Garbin A, Crotti S, Di Battista P, Gallingani I, Damanti CC, Tosato A, Carraro E, Pillon M, Mafakheri E, Romanato F, Gaffo E, Biffi A, Bortoluzzi S, Agostini M, Mussolin L. Increased Tenascin C, Osteopontin and HSP90 Levels in Plasmatic Small Extracellular Vesicles of Pediatric ALK-Positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma: New Prognostic Biomarkers? Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11020253. [PMID: 33562105 PMCID: PMC7915848 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11020253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past 15 years, several biological and pathological characteristics proved their significance in pediatric anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) prognostic stratification. However, the identification of new non-invasive disease biomarkers, relying on the most important disease mechanisms, is still necessary. In recent years, plasmatic circulating small extracellular vesicles (S-EVs) gathered great importance both as stable biomarker carriers and active players in tumorigenesis. In the present work, we performed a comprehensive study on the proteomic composition of plasmatic S-EVs of pediatric ALCL patients compared to healthy donors (HDs). By using a mass spectrometry-based proteomics approach, we identified 50 proteins significantly overrepresented in S-EVs of ALCL patients. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis disclosed cellular components and molecular functions connected with S-EV origin and vesicular trafficking, whereas cell adhesion, glycosaminoglycan metabolic process, extracellular matrix organization, collagen fibril organization and acute phase response were the most enriched biological processes. Of importance, consistently with the presence of nucleophosmin (NPM)-ALK fusion protein in ALCL cells, a topological enrichment analysis based on Reactome- and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG)-derived networks highlighted a dramatic increase in proteins of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway in ALCL S-EVs, which included heat shock protein 90-kDa isoform alpha 1 (HSP90AA1), osteopontin (SPP1/OPN) and tenascin C (TNC). These results were validated by Western blotting analysis on a panel of ALCL and HD cases. Further research is warranted to better define the role of these S-EV proteins as diagnostic and, possibly, prognostic parameters at diagnosis and for ALCL disease monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Lovisa
- Maternal and Child Health Department, Padova University, 35128 Padova, Italy; (F.L.); (A.G.); (P.D.B.); (I.G.); (C.C.D.); (A.T.); (A.B.)
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, 35127 Padova, Italy; (S.C.); (M.A.)
| | - Anna Garbin
- Maternal and Child Health Department, Padova University, 35128 Padova, Italy; (F.L.); (A.G.); (P.D.B.); (I.G.); (C.C.D.); (A.T.); (A.B.)
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, 35127 Padova, Italy; (S.C.); (M.A.)
| | - Sara Crotti
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, 35127 Padova, Italy; (S.C.); (M.A.)
| | - Piero Di Battista
- Maternal and Child Health Department, Padova University, 35128 Padova, Italy; (F.L.); (A.G.); (P.D.B.); (I.G.); (C.C.D.); (A.T.); (A.B.)
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, 35127 Padova, Italy; (S.C.); (M.A.)
| | - Ilaria Gallingani
- Maternal and Child Health Department, Padova University, 35128 Padova, Italy; (F.L.); (A.G.); (P.D.B.); (I.G.); (C.C.D.); (A.T.); (A.B.)
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, 35127 Padova, Italy; (S.C.); (M.A.)
| | - Carlotta Caterina Damanti
- Maternal and Child Health Department, Padova University, 35128 Padova, Italy; (F.L.); (A.G.); (P.D.B.); (I.G.); (C.C.D.); (A.T.); (A.B.)
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, 35127 Padova, Italy; (S.C.); (M.A.)
| | - Anna Tosato
- Maternal and Child Health Department, Padova University, 35128 Padova, Italy; (F.L.); (A.G.); (P.D.B.); (I.G.); (C.C.D.); (A.T.); (A.B.)
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, 35127 Padova, Italy; (S.C.); (M.A.)
| | - Elisa Carraro
- Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant Division, Padova University Hospital, 35128 Padova, Italy; (E.C.); (M.P.)
| | - Marta Pillon
- Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant Division, Padova University Hospital, 35128 Padova, Italy; (E.C.); (M.P.)
| | - Erfan Mafakheri
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Padova University, 35131 Padova, Italy; (E.M.); (F.R.)
| | - Filippo Romanato
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Padova University, 35131 Padova, Italy; (E.M.); (F.R.)
- IOM-CNR, S.S. 14 km 163,5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Enrico Gaffo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Padova University, 35121 Padova, Italy; (E.G.); (S.B.)
| | - Alessandra Biffi
- Maternal and Child Health Department, Padova University, 35128 Padova, Italy; (F.L.); (A.G.); (P.D.B.); (I.G.); (C.C.D.); (A.T.); (A.B.)
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, 35127 Padova, Italy; (S.C.); (M.A.)
| | - Stefania Bortoluzzi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Padova University, 35121 Padova, Italy; (E.G.); (S.B.)
- CRIBI Interdepartmental Research Center for Innovative Biotechnologies (CRIBI), Padova University, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Agostini
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, 35127 Padova, Italy; (S.C.); (M.A.)
- First Surgical Clinic Section, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, Padova University, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Lara Mussolin
- Maternal and Child Health Department, Padova University, 35128 Padova, Italy; (F.L.); (A.G.); (P.D.B.); (I.G.); (C.C.D.); (A.T.); (A.B.)
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, 35127 Padova, Italy; (S.C.); (M.A.)
- Correspondence:
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