The relationship between self-efficacy and spirituality in condom use behaviour among MSM-PLWHA in Bandung, indonesia

Self-efficacy and consistent condom use by people living with HIV and seroconcordant and serodiscordant sexual partners in the Ceará, Brazil

The objectives were to assess the self-efficacy and consistent condom use by people living with HIV (PLHIV). A cross-sectional, comparative study was carried out in outpatient clinics in Ceará State, Brazil, with a sample of 190 PLHIV, 95 serodiscordant and 95 seroconcordant. Interviews were conducted using the Socio-Demographic, Clinical, Epidemiological and Vulnerability Form and the Condom Use Self-Efficacy Scale. Descriptive analysis, associations between variables, odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were determined. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Of the sample, 43.1% consistently used condoms (50.5% serodiscordant and 35.7% seroconcordant). Serodiscordant PLHIV without guidance on HIV prevention (P = 0.027) and without access to testing (P = 0.002) had lower self-efficacy and 11.5 times more chances for inconsistent condom use (P = 0.006), while those satisfied with follow-up in health were less likely to use condoms inconsistently (P = 0.011). We conclude that there is low consistent use of condoms among PLHIV, which increases the risk of HIV transmission and the acquisition of other sexually transmitted infections. Consistent condom use was greater among serodiscordant individuals, although there was no difference in self-efficacy in condom use between the groups.

Knowledge of Sexually Transmitted Infections and Its Association With Condom Use Self-Efficacy (CUSES) Among People Living With HIV (PLHIV) in Public Health Clinics in Selangor, Malaysia

Background Condom use self-efficacy is critical in preventing the spread of HIV among people living with HIV (PLHIV). Knowledge of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is a crucial factor in promoting safer sexual behaviors. However, there is scarce data on its association with condom use self-efficacy, particularly among PLHIV. Objectives This study aims to determine the association between knowledge of STIs and other demographic and behavioral factors with condom use self-efficacy among PLHIV in public health clinics at Hulu Langat, Selangor. Methods A cross-sectional study involved PLHIV attending public health clinics in Selangor, Malaysia. Participants were recruited using convenience sampling. Eligibility criteria included being 18 years or older, able to read and comprehend the Malay language, and having not been diagnosed with psychiatric illness or learning difficulties that may impede their ability to answer the questionnaire. Data were collected from December 2023 to March 2024 through self-administered questionnaires assessing demographic characteristics, sexual practice, clinical factors, knowledge of STIs, and condom use self-efficacy. Multiple linear regressions were performed to identify factors associated with condom use self-efficacy. Results The mean score for condom use self-efficacy was 77.72 ± 12.88, and the mean score for knowledge of STIs was 30.87 ± 5.50. The higher STI knowledge score was associated with higher condom use self-efficacy (B = 0.73, p < 0.001). Other significant factors were higher household income (B = 9.27, p < 0.001), recent sexual activity within the last three months (B = -4.34, p < 0.001), engaging in receptive anal sex (B = 7.06, p < 0.001), and not using a condom during the last sexual intercourse (B = -4.43, p < 0.001) were associated with condom use self-efficacy. Conclusion The study confirms that good STI knowledge increases condom use self-efficacy among PLHIV, therefore highlighting the need to educate those at risk with better knowledge of STIs. It also highlights the importance of conducting interventions for those at higher risk due to lower condom use self-efficacy and exploring their barriers towards the use of condoms.

The Influencing Factors of HIV-Preventive Behavior Based on Health Belief Model among HIV-Negative MSMs in Western China: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis

(1) Background: Men who have sex with other men (MSMs) are at high risk of being infected by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in western China. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an efficient way to prevent HIV transmission. However, adherence is the most vital determinant factor affecting PrEP effectiveness. We conducted a study based on the Health Belief Model to explore factors that predict adherence to PrEP among a cohort of 689 MSMs in western China. (2) Methods: We assessed perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, self-efficacy, cues to action, and HIV-preventive behavior through a cross-sectional survey. (3) Results: PrEP self-efficacy was directly associated with PrEP behaviors (β = 0.221, p < 0.001), cues to action were directly associated with PrEP behaviors (β = 0.112, p < 0.001), perceived benefits were directly associated with PrEP behaviors (β = 0.101, p < 0.001), and perceived susceptibility was directly associated with PrEP behaviors (β = 0.117, p = 0.043). (4) Conclusion: Medication self-efficacy, perceived susceptibility, and cue to action structures are predictors of the MSMs’ HIV-preventive behavior in western China. These results will provide theoretical plans for promoting PrEP adherence in MSMs.