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Kannane S, Boussaa S, Mendili JE, Touloun O. Congenital Malformations in the Moroccan Surveillance System: Contribution to Prevalence Estimation. Glob Health Epidemiol Genom 2024; 2024:9570798. [PMID: 38529480 PMCID: PMC10963113 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9570798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Congenital malformations (CMs) are a group of structural or functional anomalies present at birth. These anomalies result in a high rate of mortality, morbidity, and disability in children. CMs are a major public health problem and place a heavy burden on healthcare systems in both developed and developing countries including Morocco, which has had a CMs surveillance system in place since 2011. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of CMs in Morocco. Methods In this study, the epidemiology of CMs in Morocco was assessed retrospectively using the national surveillance system data gathered from case notification forms from 2017 to 2021. Results The main results showed that the prevalence of CMs in Morocco is 3.91/1000 live births (LBs), and the minimum annual prevalence of CMs was reached in 2017 (3.10/1000 LBs) while the maximum annual prevalence was recorded in 2018 (4.55/1000 LBs). The majority of CMs are unspecified CMs (68.55%), neural tube defects (NTDs) account for (21.13%), and orofacial clefts (OFCs) account for (10.32%). In addition, the majority of CMs (61.73%) were from rural areas. According to region, the Dakhla-Oued Eddahab region recorded the highest prevalence of CMs in Morocco, with 8.81/1000 LBs, while the lowest prevalence was recorded in the Rabat-Sale-Kenitra region, with 2.02/1000 LB. Conclusions This study reveals that the national prevalence of CMs is high and may be underestimated, as most of the CMS reported is unspecified. The use of a CM registry with detailed reporting of all CMs and the promotion of preventive measures are urgently recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soukaina Kannane
- Polyvalent Team of Research and Development (PTRD), Polydisciplinary Faculty, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, 23000 Beni Mellal, Morocco
| | - Samia Boussaa
- Higher Institute of Nursing and Health Techniques, Ministry of Health and Social Protection, 10000 Rabat, Morocco
| | - Jamila El Mendili
- Health Studies and Information Unit, Planning and Studies, Division, Planning and Financial Resources Department, Ministry of Health and Social Protection, 10020 Rabat, Morocco
| | - Oulaid Touloun
- Polyvalent Team of Research and Development (PTRD), Polydisciplinary Faculty, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, 23000 Beni Mellal, Morocco
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Narapureddy BR, Zahrani Y, Alqahtani HEM, Mugaiahgari BKM, Reddy LKV, Mohammed Asif S, Almoyad MAA, Mohieldin A, Dawria A. Examining the Prevalence of Congenital Anomalies in Newborns: A Cross-Sectional Study at a Tertiary Care Maternity Hospital in Saudi Arabia. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:188. [PMID: 38397300 PMCID: PMC10886957 DOI: 10.3390/children11020188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Background: Congenital anomalies, representing structural or functional abnormalities present at birth, pose a substantial global health challenge, affecting 8 million newborns annually. With 3.3 million succumbing before age five and 3.2 million facing physical or mental disability, their diverse causes necessitate comprehensive understanding for effective healthcare planning. This study explores the prevalence of congenital anomalies among newborns in the Abha Maternity and Children Hospital (MCH) in Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional record-based study was conducted on newborns born between 2018 and 2022. Data were gathered in 4 months from September to December 2023. Purposive sampling was employed to select the case records of newborns with congenital anomalies after careful screening and considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data was acquired through a self-designed study tool, and the data were entered into Google Forms. Results: Congenital anomalies' five-year prevalence was 3.21%, and one year, in 2022, the prevalence was 4.02%. Female neonates exhibited higher anomalies (59.3%), and preterm births accounted for 39.6%, emphasizing their vulnerability. The findings indicate that consanguineous marriages are linked to 63.3% of anomalies, notably neural tube defects (25%) and congenital heart diseases (19.7%). Anomalies are not significantly associated with consanguinity or birth order, but maternal age, education, employment, and antenatal maternal medical issues are associated considerably. Conclusions: These study insights contribute to health planners planning targeted interventions and awareness programs that are crucial to mitigate risks associated with preterm births and consanguineous marriages. The promotion of 100% antenatal screening and prophylactic medication for high-risk women and couples is necessary to prevent inherited deformities. In future the Ministry of Health must plan large-group prospective research to better understand the associated risk factors that will help public health initiatives minimize congenital-associated neonatal mortality and improve pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bayapa Reddy Narapureddy
- Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Musait, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; (Y.Z.); (A.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Yousef Zahrani
- Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Musait, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; (Y.Z.); (A.M.); (A.D.)
| | | | - Bharat Kumar Mamilla Mugaiahgari
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Musait, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; (B.K.M.M.); (M.A.A.A.)
| | | | - Shaik Mohammed Asif
- Department of Diagnostic Science and Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad Ali Abdullah Almoyad
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Musait, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; (B.K.M.M.); (M.A.A.A.)
| | - Ali Mohieldin
- Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Musait, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; (Y.Z.); (A.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Adam Dawria
- Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Musait, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; (Y.Z.); (A.M.); (A.D.)
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Proportion of Chromosomal Disorders and Their Patterns among Births with Congenital Anomalies in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses. ScientificWorldJournal 2022; 2022:6477596. [PMID: 36561944 PMCID: PMC9767725 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6477596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Worldwide, surveys have shown that the frequency of chromosomal disorders among births with congenital anomalies varies greatly from country to country. It is well known that chromosomal disorders are an important cause of premature death or life-long disability; however, the absence of local epidemiological data on their birth prevalence and outcomes impedes policy and service development in many countries and continents. Therefore, the current systematic review and meta-analysis intend to show the pooled proportion of chromosomal disorders among births with congenital anomalies in Africa. Methods From PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar, we systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed the studies that examined the incidence, prevalence, and types of chromosomal disorders using PRISMA guidelines. A weighted inverse variance random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled proportion of chromosomal disorders among births with congenital anomalies. Results From the total of 3,569 studies identified, 1,442 were from PubMed, 108 were from Cochrane Library, 1,830 were from Google Scholar, and 189 were from other sources. After duplication was removed, a total of 844 articles remained (2725 were removed by duplication). Finally, 144 full-text studies were reviewed and 60 articles with 52,569 births having congenital anomalies met the inclusion criteria and were selected for this meta-analysis. The pooled proportion of chromosomal disorders among births with congenital anomalies was 8.94% (95% CI; 7.02, 10.86; I 2 = 98.8%; p < 0.001). Conclusions and Future Implications. In the current systematic review and meta-analysis, the pooled proportion of chromosomal disorders among births with congenital anomalies in Africa was small. Down syndrome (trisomy 21) accounted for more than 80% of chromosomal disorders. The pooled proportion of chromosome disorders was the highest in North African regions and countries compared to other regions of the continent. Healthcare managers should focus on establishing proper cytogenetic diagnostic facilities in collaboration with well-trained genetic counseling services in the continent.
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Zvizdic Z, Becirovic N, Milisic E, Jonuzi A, Terzic S, Vranic S. Epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of selected congenital anomalies at the largest Bosnian pediatric surgery tertiary center. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e32148. [PMID: 36482591 PMCID: PMC9726290 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital anomalies (CA) are any abnormality present at birth, either structural or functional, that may potentially affect an infant's health, development, and/or survival. There is a paucity of studies on clinical characteristics and outcomes of CA in Bosnia and Herzegovina, mainly due to the lack of a nationwide congenital malformations monitoring system. A 5-year hospital-based study was conducted to determine the prevalence at birth and clinical characteristics of selected major CA in Sarajevo Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Ninety-one CA were observed from 2012 to 2016 (the overall prevalence was 39.6 cases/10,000 live births). The mean age of neonates at diagnosis was 3 days. The gastrointestinal tract was the most commonly affected system (76.9%), with esophageal atresia (EA) being the most frequent (17.6% of all CA). Major CA were more prevalent among preterm infants than term infants (P = .001), particularly in males (61.5% vs. 38.5%; P = .028; M:F ratio was 1.59). Multiple CA were seen in 37.4% of neonates. The overall mortality rate of neonates was 11%, and the median length of hospital stay was 19.8 days. Our study revealed the distribution and clinical patterns of common major CA in the largest tertiary care facility in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It also confirmed a relatively high mortality rate, which requires further efforts to improve the quality of neonatal care in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zlatan Zvizdic
- Clinic of Pediatric Surgery, Clinical Center University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Naida Becirovic
- Department of Surgery, General Hospital “Prim. Dr Abdulah Nakas,” Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Emir Milisic
- Clinic of Pediatric Surgery, Clinical Center University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Asmir Jonuzi
- Clinic of Pediatric Surgery, Clinical Center University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Sabina Terzic
- Pediatric Clinic, Clinical Center University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Semir Vranic
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- * Correspondence: Semir Vranic, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar (e-mail: )
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El-Attar LM, Bahashwan AA, Bakhsh AD, Moshrif YM. The prevalence and patterns of chromosome abnormalities in newborns with major congenital anomalies: A retrospective study from Saudi Arabia. Intractable Rare Dis Res 2021; 10:81-87. [PMID: 33996352 PMCID: PMC8122309 DOI: 10.5582/irdr.2021.01016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital anomalies are a worldwide health problem that places a burden on the family and society. Chromosome abnormalities are one of the leading causes for congenital anomalies in newborns. Despite the remarkable development in cytogenetic services in the past years, still there are limited data from Middle East countries. The current study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and patterns of chromosomal aberrations in newborns admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) with major congenital anomalies at Medina province in the western region of Saudi Arabia. Out of 2,541 live births, 150 newborns were selected based on the presence of major birth defects. Demographic and clinical data were collected from hospital medical records and statistically analyzed. The prevalence of major congenital anomalies was 10.7/1,000 live births (95% CI: 9.076- 12.583). The most common congenital anomalies in descending order were congenital heart disease, musculoskeletal and chromosome abnormalities. The birth prevalence of chromosome abnormalities was 4.22/1,000 live births (95% CI: 3.211-5.441). The most common chromosome abnormality was Down syndrome-nondisjunction type (66%). Advanced parental age was strongly associated with chromosome aberrations (p < 0.001) while consanguinity was evident in cases with normal karyotype (p < 0.001). High birth prevalence of chromosome abnormalities in newborns with congenital anomalies in Al Madinah was evident and advanced parental age is a potential risk factor. A local registry system for congenital anomalies is highly recommended to provide proper health services to high risk families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lama Mohammed El-Attar
- Department of Human Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Address correspondence to:Lama Mohammed El-Attar, Department of Human Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, 165 ElHoreya Rd, Al Ibrahimeyah Qebli; Alexandria, Egypt. E-mail:
| | - Ahmed Abdelrahman Bahashwan
- Main Laboratory and Blood Bank, Madinah Maternity and Children Hospital (MMCH), Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ameen Deen Bakhsh
- Main Laboratory and Blood Bank, Madinah Maternity and Children Hospital (MMCH), Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasser Mohammed Moshrif
- Main Laboratory and Blood Bank, Madinah Maternity and Children Hospital (MMCH), Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
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