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Alkahtani SA, Alshammari GM, Alzuwaydi A, Alfuhaid A, Al-Masri AA, Qaisar R, Habib SS. Association between handgrip strength and metabolic syndrome in relation to gender and adiposity among middle aged and older Saudi populations. Aging Male 2024; 27:2325146. [PMID: 38468373 DOI: 10.1080/13685538.2024.2325146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM This cross-sectional study investigated the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and handgrip strength (HGS) with respect to sex and adiposity in Saudi men (n = 287) and women (n = 268). MATERIAL AND METHODS Anthropometry, body composition, HGS, and blood biochemistry were measured. The average age of the study population was 57.65 ± 9.3 years (men = 55.1 ± 9.3 years, women = 60.4 ± 9.3 years). We report that HGS/body mass index (BMI), HGS/weight, and HGS/fat (%) were significantly higher in controls than in patients with MetS in men but not in women. According to the ROC analysis, relative HGS (RHGS) was higher than HGS alone in the association with MetS, which was significant for men (p < 0.01). At lower quartiles of HGS, the probability of MetS was higher in women, and the same was found in men in the lower quartiles of HGS/%Fat. Multinomial regression revealed significant associations between age and adiposity and MetS in men and HGS in women. Additionally, the linear regression of age, HGS, and weight exhibited significant associations between HGS with WC in both sexes. CONCLUSION A higher risk of MetS in the lower quartiles of HGS was found in women, and adiposity moderated the relationship between HGS and MetS in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaea A Alkahtani
- Exercise Physiology Department, College of Sport Sciences and Physical Activity, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghedeir M Alshammari
- Department of Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Nutrition, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aishah Alzuwaydi
- Department of Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Nutrition, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Alfuhaid
- Exercise Physiology Department, College of Sport Sciences and Physical Activity, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer A Al-Masri
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rizwan Qaisar
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab of Emirates
| | - Syed Shahid Habib
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Qaisar R, Hussain MA, Franzese F, Karim A, Ahmad F, Awad A, Al-Masri AA, Alkahtani SA. Predictors of the onset of low handgrip strength in Europe: a longitudinal study of 42,183 older adults from 15 countries. Aging Clin Exp Res 2024; 36:162. [PMID: 39110364 PMCID: PMC11306649 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-024-02800-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A low handgrip strength (HGS) is a significant risk factor for multiple diseases. However, most relevant studies investigate the complications of a low HGS, while the risk potential of causative factors of low HGS remain poorly characterized. METHODS We investigated the potentials of quality of life, depression, dyslipidaemia, diabetes mellitus, cancer, Alzheimer's disease, stroke, frailty, and difficulties performing daily activities in predicting low HGS (≤ 27 kg for men, ≤ 16 kg for women) in European older adults aged 50 or above from 15 countries (n = 42,183). All data was collected from four successive waves of survey of health, ageing, and retirement in Europe (SHARE) conducted between 2013 and 2020. Logistic models are applied, and estimated effects are presented as odds ratios and probabilities. RESULTS Collectively, 3016 participants (men; n = 1395; 7.38%, women; n = 1621, 6.97%) developed low HGS during the 6.5 years study period. After adjusting for covariables, we identified an advancing age (1.6-48.1% points higher risk of low HGS), male gender (1.0%-point higher risk of low HGS), lower quality of life (1.6%-point higher), and stroke (1.5%-points) as significant risk factors for low HGS. We also found a dose-dependent association of Euro-D depression scores with the risk of low HGS, as the higher scores were associated with between 0.6- and 2.3%-points higher risk of developing low HGS than participants without depression. Among physical performance indicators, difficulty climbing stairs (2.0%-points higher low HGS risk) or rising from a chair (0.7%-points) were significantly associated with developing low HGS. Lastly, frailty (0.9%-points higher risk of low HGS) and the fear of falling down (1.6%-points higher risk) also increased the risk of developing low HGS. CONCLUSION Altogether, we report several risk factors for developing low HGS. Our observations may help evaluating and monitoring high-risk population for developing low HGS in pre-clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Qaisar
- Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Space Medicine Research Group, Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - M Azhar Hussain
- Department of Finance and Economics, College of Business Administration, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Social Sciences and Business, Roskilde University, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Fabio Franzese
- SHARE Berlin Institute, Chausseestraße 111, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Asima Karim
- Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Firdos Ahmad
- Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Space Medicine Research Group, Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Atif Awad
- Department of Finance and Economics, College of Business Administration, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abeer A Al-Masri
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaea A Alkahtani
- Exercise Physiology Department, College of Sport Sciences and Physical Activity, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Cândido LM, de Avelar NCP, D'Orsi E, Lacerda ACR, Mendonça VA, Tringali G, Sartorio A, Danielewicz AL. Association Between Typologies of Sedentary Behavior and Muscle Strength, Gait Speed, and Balance in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. J Aging Phys Act 2024; 32:225-235. [PMID: 38134899 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2023-0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of how the different types of sedentary behaviors (SB) are associated with functional limitations can guide professionals who work with older adults on better recommendations about the amount of daily time that should be encouraged in each type of SB. The objective was to estimate the associations between two SB typologies (SB television [TV] and SB computer/internet) and the presence of handgrip strength, lower limb strength, gait speed, and balance limitations in Brazilian community-dwelling older adults. This is a cross-sectional study with 1,298 community-dwelling older adults (≥60 years). SB was assessed by self-reporting daily time spent watching TV or using computer/internet (categorized into <2, 3-4, and ≥5 hr/day). Outcomes were handgrip strength, lower limb strength, gait speed, and balance limitations considering referenced cutoff points. Older adults in SB TV ≥5 hr/day had 1.75 (95% confidence interval [CI] [1.07, 2.86]) and 1.88 (95% CI [1.02, 3.46]) times more chances of handgrip strength and gait speed limitations, respectively. On the other hand, those who spent 3-4 and ≥5 hr/day in SB computer/internet had 0.45 (95% CI [0.20, 0.99]) and 0.37 (95% CI [0.15, 0.93]) had less chances of lower limb strength and balance limitations, respectively. In conclusion, functional limitations would be associated differently depending on the type of SB in the older adults sampled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Martins Cândido
- Department of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Aging, Resources and Rheumatology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Araranguá, Brazil
| | - Núbia Carelli Pereira de Avelar
- Department of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Aging, Resources and Rheumatology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Araranguá, Brazil
| | - Eleonora D'Orsi
- Department of Public Health, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | | | - Vanessa Amaral Mendonça
- Faculty of Biological and Health Sciences, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Gabriella Tringali
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sartorio
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy
| | - Ana Lúcia Danielewicz
- Department of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Aging, Resources and Rheumatology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Araranguá, Brazil
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy
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Jeong W, Moon JY, Kim JH. Association of absolute and relative hand grip strength with all-cause mortality among middle-aged and old-aged people. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:321. [PMID: 37221501 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04008-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to examine the association of absolute and relative hand grip strength (HGS) with the risk of all-cause mortality among middle-aged and old-aged people in South Korea. Considering that both absolute HGS and relative HGS could be effective measures, an in-depth investigation is necessary to compare the effects of both measures on mortality. METHODS Data of 9,102 participants, derived from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging from 2006 to 2018, were examined. HGS was divided into two categories: absolute HGS and relative HGS (defined as HGS divided by body mass index). The risk of all-cause mortality was the dependent variable. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to analyze the association between HGS and all-cause mortality. RESULTS The average of absolute and relative HGS were 25.6 ± 8.7 kg and 1.1 ± 0.4 kg/BMI, respectively. The all-cause mortality rate decreased by 3.2% as absolute HGS increased by 1 kg (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 0.968, 95% CI = 0.958-0.978). An increase in relative HGS by 1 kg/BMI was associated with a 22% reduction in risk of all-cause mortality (adjusted HR = 0.780, 95% CI = 0.634-0.960). Individuals with more than two chronic diseases, there was a decrease in all-cause mortality as absolute HGS increased by 1 kg and relative HGS by 1 kg/BMI (absolute HGS; adjusted HR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.959-0.982, relative HGS; adjusted HR = 0.483, 95% CI = 0.325-0.718). CONCLUSIONS Our study findings showed that both absolute and relative HGS were inversely associated with the risk of all-cause mortality; a higher absolute/relative HGS was associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality. Moreover, these findings highlight the importance of improving HGS to alleviate the burden of adverse health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonjeong Jeong
- Cancer Knowledge & Information Center, National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Youn Moon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, 38-13, Dokjeom-ro 3beon- gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon, 21565, Republic of Korea.
- Artificial Intelligence and Big-Data Convergence Center, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Hyun Kim
- Department of Health Administration, College of Health Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
- Institute for Digital Life Convergence, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.
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Lopez-Jaramillo P, Lopez-Lopez JP, Tole MC, Cohen DD. Increasing muscular strength to improve cardiometabolic risk factors. CLÍNICA E INVESTIGACIÓN EN ARTERIOSCLEROSIS 2022:S0214-9168(22)00136-X. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Mohammed M, Li J. Stroke-Related Sarcopenia among Two Different Developing Countries with Diverse Ethnic Backgrounds (Cross-National Study in Egypt and China). Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10112336. [PMID: 36421660 PMCID: PMC9689982 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10112336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of stroke-related sarcopenia differs according to the diagnostic criteria, the cut-off point for assessment, and ethnicity. Egypt and China are developing countries with different races where no research concerning stroke-related sarcopenia has been performed yet. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of possible sarcopenia and confirmed sarcopenia among Egyptian and Chinese stroke survivors using the Asian Working Group of Sarcopenia (AWGS-2019) criteria and to assess the variables associated with the prevalence rate. A prospective cross-sectional study was carried out among 200 Egyptian and 195 Chinese stroke survivors from 2019 to 2021 using a structural health questionnaire. A hand-held dynamometer was used to measure grip strength. Anthropometric measures were used to estimate muscle mass. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistics version 20. p-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. The prevalence of possible sarcopenia ranged from 20.0% to 34.4% among Egyptian and Chinese groups, except for the Egyptian females where it was 52.0%. The prevalence of sarcopenia in both populations ranged from 13.6% to 18.6%. Pre-stroke independent variables that accelerated possible sarcopenia were age, history of dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and ischemic heart disease, but stroke severity was a post-stroke risk factor. Age was the only pre-stroke variable for sarcopenia, while quitting smoking and having good nutritional status were variables for the reduction of possible sarcopenia. Quitting smoking, having a good nutritional status, and early rehabilitation reduced sarcopenia development. Controlling vascular risk factors, enhancing rehabilitation, and nutritional therapy are protective measures against sarcopenia. Longitudinal studies are required to identify further risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Mohammed
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
- Faculty of Physical Therapy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
- First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jianan Li
- First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-137-7051-61766
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Park D, Lee DC, Kim Y. Relationship Between Relative Grip Strength and Serum Total Cholesterol, High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, and Triglyceride Levels in Korean Middle-Aged or Older Adults: A Panel Regression Model. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2022; 20:517-523. [DOI: 10.1089/met.2022.0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- DooYong Park
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Duck-Chul Lee
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Human Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - YeonSoo Kim
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Son DH, Song SA, Lee YJ. Association Between C-Reactive Protein and Relative Handgrip Strength in Postmenopausal Korean Women Aged 45-80 Years: A Cross-Sectional Study. Clin Interv Aging 2022; 17:971-978. [PMID: 35747693 PMCID: PMC9211077 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s356947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic inflammation plays a key role in the pathophysiology of frailty and loss of physical performance, which are closely associated with sarcopenia. In women, the decline in muscle mass and strength is accelerated after menopause. Thus, we examined the association between high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and relative handgrip strength (HGS) in postmenopausal women. Methods This cross-sectional study included 2171 postmenopausal women aged ≥45 years who participated in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey (KNHNES) between 2015 and 2018. Relative HGS was categorized into quartiles as follows: Q1, <0.810 (kg/BMI); Q2, 0.810–0.968 (kg/BMI); Q3, 0.969–1.119 (kg/BMI); Q4, >1.119 (kg/BMI). The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for high hs-CRP (>1.0 mg/L, 75 percentile of the current samples) were calculated across relative HGS quartiles using multiple logistic regression analysis. Results The prevalence of high hs-CRP decreased with relative HGS quartiles. Compared to the highest quartile, the OR (95% CI) of the lowest relative HGS quartile for high hs-CRP was 3.266 (2.227–4.789) after adjusting for age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, education, household income, physical activity, strength exercise, smoking, and alcohol ingestion. Conclusion Serum hs-CRP level was inversely and independently associated with relative HGS. Our findings indicate that low-grade inflammation is inversely associated with muscle strength in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Hye Son
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Integrative Medicine, Yonsei University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Ah Song
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Jae Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Joo KC, Son DH, Park JM. Association between Relative Handgrip Strength and Insulin Resistance in Korean Elderly Men without Diabetes: Findings of the 2015 Korea National Health Nutrition Examination Survey. Korean J Fam Med 2022; 43:199-205. [PMID: 35610966 PMCID: PMC9136507 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.21.0138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence regarding the association between handgrip strength (HGS) and insulin resistance in a non-diabetic population is scarce. This study aimed to investigate the association between relative HGS and insulin resistance in older men without diabetes, using a representative sample of the Korean male population. METHODS The study population comprised 206 participants aged 65-80 years, selected from the 2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Insulin resistance was defined as the upper tertile of the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for insulin resistance were assessed using multiple logistic regression analyses after adjusting for confounding variables. RESULTS The prevalence of insulin resistance decreased with increasing relative HGS. The prevalence in the T1, T2, and T3 groups was 46.0%, 32.2%, and 26.4%, respectively. Compared with the individuals in the highest tertile of relative HGS, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for insulin resistance in individuals in the lowest quartile was 2.82 (1.10-7.21) after adjusting for age, smoking, alcohol consumption, aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, residential area, household income, and education level. CONCLUSION Lower relative HGS was inversely associated with an increased risk of insulin resistance in older Korean men without diabetes. In clinical practice, relative HGS, which is a simple and inexpensive tool, could be a useful measure for identifying older men with insulin resistance. Moreover, these findings suggest that muscle strengthening exercises should be considered to reduce insulin resistance and increase insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Chae Joo
- Department of Family Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Da-Hye Son
- Department of Family Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Min Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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Association between relative handgrip strength and abdominal obesity, type-2 diabetes and hypertension in a Mexican population. NUTR HOSP 2021; 39:82-92. [PMID: 34816725 DOI: 10.20960/nh.03732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND handgrip strength (HGS) is a health-status parameter associated with multicomorbidity in the adult population. OBJECTIVE the aim of the present study was to determine the association between HGS (i.e., absolute and relative) and abdominal obesity (AO), type-2 diabetes (T2D), and hypertension (HT), as well as to determine the association between low relative HGS with the presence of multicomorbidity (i.e., the co-occurrence of two or more comorbidities together) in a Mexican population. METHODOLOGY a cross-sectional study was carried out in 860 participants from the south of Mexico (661 women and 199 men). The age range evaluated was from 18 to 65 years. Assessments were made of sociodemographic data, clinical history, anthropometric parameters, and measurement of maximal HGS. RESULTS the regression models adjusted by age show that the presence of comorbidities (i.e., AO, HT and T2D) was linked negatively to HGS (i.e., absolute and relative). Moreover, in men, a low relative HGS in both hands reported an association with the presence of three simultaneous comorbidities (right, RR: 17.2, p < 0.001; left, RR: 11.92, p = 0.020). In women the same association was found (right, RR: 10.42, p < 0.001; left, RR: 9.90, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION lower levels of relative HGS were linked to the presence of simultaneous comorbidities (i.e., the joint presence of AO, T2D and HT). Furthermore, HGS (i.e., absolute and relative) presented an inverse association with individual anthropometric and clinical parameters related to cardiovascular risk in the Mexican population.
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Feng Q, Jiang C, Wang M, Cai R, Wang H, Wu D, Wang F, Lin L, Nassis GP. Association between relative handgrip strength and hypertension in Chinese adults: An analysis of four successive national surveys with 712,442 individuals (2000-2014). PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258763. [PMID: 34710171 PMCID: PMC8553048 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to identify the 15-year trends of handgrip strength-to-weight (relative HS) and assess the association between relative HS and hypertension among Chinese adults aged 20-69. METHODS Using a complex, stratified, multistage probability cluster sampling, we analyzed data collected from 712,442 adults aged 20-69 years in four successive national surveys (2000-2014). We used a handheld dynamometer to measure strength and divided by body weight to calculate the relative HS. Blood pressure was recorded with a sphygmomanometer and hypertension was defined as resting systolic blood pressure at least 140 mmHg or diastolic at least 90 mmHg. The Mann-Kendall trend test examined trends in relative HS over time. We also computed odd ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) by tertile of relative HS and examined the association between relative HS and hypertension. RESULTS The relative HS level decreased with the increase of age in both male and females (p trend <0.001). In each of four surveys, one interquartile decrease in relative HS was associated with an increased risk of hypertension by 44% (OR = 1.44, 95%CI: 1.40-1.47), 58% (OR = 1.58, 95%CI: 1.54-1.62), 48% (OR = 1.48, 95%CI: 1.45-1.52), 43% (OR = 1.43, 95%CI: 1.40-1.47), respectively. CONCLUSION In the Chinese adult population, the relative HS level decreased from 2000 to 2014 across all ages in both males and females. A lower relative HS was associated with a higher risk of hypertension. The findings provided evidence for the association between muscle strength and hypertension in large-scaled population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Feng
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Fitness Surveillance Centre, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Chongmin Jiang
- Department of Fitness Surveillance Centre, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Wang
- Department of Fitness Surveillance Centre, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Cai
- Department of Fitness Surveillance Centre, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Fitness Surveillance Centre, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China
| | - Dongming Wu
- Department of Fitness Surveillance Centre, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China
| | - Fubaihui Wang
- Department of Fitness Surveillance Centre, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China
| | - Lizi Lin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - George P. Nassis
- Physical Education Department–College of Education (CEDU), United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Lee SY. Handgrip Strength: An Irreplaceable Indicator of Muscle Function. Ann Rehabil Med 2021; 45:167-169. [PMID: 34233405 PMCID: PMC8273729 DOI: 10.5535/arm.21106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Yoon Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Kim SY. Importance of Handgrip Strength as a Health Indicator in the Elderly. Korean J Fam Med 2021; 42:1. [PMID: 33524249 PMCID: PMC7884897 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.42.1e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Soo Young Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea
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Lee J. Grip Strength as a Cardiometabolic Marker. Korean J Fam Med 2020; 41:271-272. [PMID: 32961045 PMCID: PMC7509118 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.41.5e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jungun Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Gunpo, Korea
- *Corresponding Author: Jungun Lee https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8580-1445 Tel: +82-31-390-2416, Fax: +82-31-390-2266, E-mail:
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Merchant RA, Chan YH, Lim JY, Morley JE. Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Association with Grip Strength in Older Adults: Findings from the HOPE Study. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:2677-2686. [PMID: 32821140 PMCID: PMC7419634 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s260544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in older adults and assess the association of MetS and adverse outcomes with handgrip strength (HGS), HGS/body weight (BWT), and HGS/body mass index (BMI). METHODS A cross-sectional population study in Singapore. Data were collected on demographics, HGS, Timed-Up and Go (TUG), fasting glucose, lipid profile, blood pressure, waist circumference, frailty status, and cognition in 722 older adults ≥65 years old. MetS was defined using the Modified ATP III for Asians where at least three of the following conditions must be fulfilled, central obesity, high blood glucose (or diagnosed diabetes mellitus), high blood pressure (or diagnosed hypertension), low high-density lipoprotein, and high triglycerides. The waist circumference in the Modified ATP III for Asians is ≥90 cm for males or ≥80 cm for females. HGS and HGS normalized by BWT or BMI were used for the association. RESULTS The prevalence of MetS in older adults was 41.0%, and those ≥85 years old 50.0%. The prevalence was higher in females ≥70 years old, with 8 in 10 females ≥85 years having MetS. After adjusting for age, years of education, physical exercise, as well as history of smoking and alcohol consumption, higher HGS normalized by BWT or BMI was significantly associated with lower odds of having MetS (OR: 0.51,95% CI 0.43-0.61, p<0.01) and (OR: 0.13, 95% CI 0.07-0.24, p<0.01). CONCLUSION Almost 1 in 2 older adults had MetS, with the prevalence in females much higher than that in males over 70 years old. Our findings suggest that both HGS/BWT and HGS/BMI had a significant negative association with MetS, its components, and adverse effects. Further studies are needed to validate the association and to determine optimal cutoffs of HGS/BWT and HGS/BMI for MetS, and the effectiveness of interventions in averting the risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshma Aziz Merchant
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Correspondence: Reshma Aziz Merchant Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital119228, SingaporeTel +65 6779 5555 Email
| | - Yiong Huak Chan
- Biostatistics Unit, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jia Yi Lim
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - John E Morley
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
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