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Portilho MM, Bezerra CS, Mendonça ACDF, Marques VA, Nabuco LC, Villela-Nogueira CA, Ivantes CAP, Lewis-Ximenez LL, do Lago BV, Villar LM. Applicability of oral fluid samples for tracking hepatitis B virus mutations, genotyping, and phylogenetic analysis. Arch Virol 2021; 166:2435-2442. [PMID: 34146173 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-021-05122-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the usefulness of saliva samples for hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotyping and mutation analysis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of oral fluid samples to determine HBV genotype distribution, S/polymerase mutations, and HBV subpopulation diversity among chronically HBV-infected individuals. Serum and oral fluid samples were obtained from 18 individuals for PCR and nucleotide sequencing of the HBV surface antigen gene. Biochemical analysis of liver enzymes (ALT, AST, GGT) and HBV, HCV, and HIV serological tests were also performed. All serum samples were HBsAg (+), anti-HBc (+), and anti-HBs (-); 55.6% were HBeAg (+)/anti-HBe (-), and 11.1% were anti-HIV (+). The mean HBV DNA viral load was 6.1 ± 2.3 log IU/mL. The HBV genotype distribution was as follows: A, 72.2%; D, 11.1%; E, 5.6%; F, 11.1%. A concordance of 100% in genotype classification and 99.8% in sequence similarity between paired oral fluid and serum samples was observed. HBsAg mutations were detected in all samples, but no resistance mutations were found in the polymerase gene. This study demonstrates that oral fluid samples can be used reliably for tracking HBV mutations, genotyping, and phylogenetic analysis. This could be important for molecular epidemiology studies with hard-to-reach populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moyra Machado Portilho
- Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Helio and Peggy, Ground Floor, Room B09, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 210360-040, Brazil.,Gonçalo Moniz Research Institute, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Cristianne Sousa Bezerra
- Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Helio and Peggy, Ground Floor, Room B09, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 210360-040, Brazil.,Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina da Fonseca Mendonça
- Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Helio and Peggy, Ground Floor, Room B09, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 210360-040, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Alves Marques
- Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Helio and Peggy, Ground Floor, Room B09, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 210360-040, Brazil
| | - Leticia Cancella Nabuco
- Clementino Fraga Filho Hospital, University of Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | - Lia Laura Lewis-Ximenez
- Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Helio and Peggy, Ground Floor, Room B09, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 210360-040, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Vieira do Lago
- Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Helio and Peggy, Ground Floor, Room B09, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 210360-040, Brazil.,Immunobiological Technology Institute (Bio-Manguinhos), FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Livia Melo Villar
- Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Helio and Peggy, Ground Floor, Room B09, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 210360-040, Brazil.
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