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Ali SF, Teh SH, Yang HH, Tsai YC, Chao HJ, Peng SS, Chen SC, Lin LC, Lin NT. Therapeutic Potential of a Novel Lytic Phage, vB_EclM_ECLFM1, against Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacter cloacae. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:854. [PMID: 38255926 PMCID: PMC10815064 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The global rise of multidrug-resistant Enterobacter cloacae strains, especially those that are resistant to carbapenems and produce metallo-β-lactamases, poses a critical challenge in clinical settings owing to limited treatment options. While bacteriophages show promise in treating these infections, their use is hindered by scarce resources and insufficient genomic data. In this study, we isolated ECLFM1, a novel E. cloacae phage, from sewage water using a carbapenem-resistant clinical strain as the host. ECLFM1 exhibited rapid adsorption and a 15-min latent period, with a burst size of approximately 75 PFU/infected cell. Its genome, spanning 172,036 bp, was characterized and identified as a member of Karamvirus. In therapeutic applications, owing to a high multiplicity of infection, ECLFM1 showed increased survival in zebrafish infected with E. cloacae. This study highlights ECLFM1's potential as a candidate for controlling clinical E. cloacae infections, which would help address challenges in treating multidrug-resistant strains and contribute to the development of alternative treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saieeda Fabia Ali
- Master Program in Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, No. 701, Sec. 3, Zhongyang Rd., Hualien 97004, Taiwan;
| | - Soon-Hian Teh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, No. 707, Sec. 3, Zhongyang Rd., Hualien 97002, Taiwan;
| | - Hsueh-Hui Yang
- Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, No. 707, Sec. 3, Zhongyang Rd., Hualien 97002, Taiwan;
| | - Yun-Chan Tsai
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, No. 701, Sec. 3, Zhongyang Rd., Hualien 97004, Taiwan;
| | - Huei-Jen Chao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, No. 707, Sec. 3, Zhongyang Rd., Hualien 97002, Taiwan; (H.-J.C.); (S.-S.P.); (S.-C.C.)
| | - Si-Shiuan Peng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, No. 707, Sec. 3, Zhongyang Rd., Hualien 97002, Taiwan; (H.-J.C.); (S.-S.P.); (S.-C.C.)
| | - Shu-Chen Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, No. 707, Sec. 3, Zhongyang Rd., Hualien 97002, Taiwan; (H.-J.C.); (S.-S.P.); (S.-C.C.)
| | - Ling-Chun Lin
- Master Program in Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, No. 701, Sec. 3, Zhongyang Rd., Hualien 97004, Taiwan;
| | - Nien-Tsung Lin
- Master Program in Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, No. 701, Sec. 3, Zhongyang Rd., Hualien 97004, Taiwan;
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Nasr-Eldin MA, Gamal E, Hazza M, Abo-Elmaaty SA. Isolation, characterization, and application of lytic bacteriophages for controlling Enterobacter cloacae complex (ECC) in pasteurized milk and yogurt. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2023; 68:911-924. [PMID: 37184760 PMCID: PMC10689537 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-023-01059-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Reducing bacterial pathogen contamination not only improves overall global public health but also diminishes food waste and loss. The use of lytic bacteriophages (phages) that infect and kill bacteria could be a beneficial tool for suppressing bacterial growth during dairy products storage time. Four Enterobacter cloacae (E. cloacae) complex isolates which were previously isolated from contaminated dairy products were used to identify lytic phages in wastewater. Phages specific to multi-drug resistant (MDR) E. cloacae complex 6AS1 were isolated from local sewage. Two novel phages vB_EclM-EP1 and vB_EclM-EP2 were identified as myoviral particles and have double-stranded DNA genome. Their host range and lytic capabilities were detected using spot test and efficiency of plating (EOP) against several bacterial isolates. The phages had a latent period of 30 min, and a large burst size of about 100 and 142 PFU/cell for vB_EclM-EP1 and vB_EclM-EP2, respectively. Both phages were viable at pH ranging 5-9 and stable at 70 °C for 60 min. The individual phages and their cocktail preparations (vB_EclM-EP1 and vB_EclM-EP2) reduced and inhibited the growth of E. cloacae complex 6AS1 during challenge test in milk and yogurt samples. These results indicate that the E. cloacae complex-specific phages (vB_EclM-EP1 and vB_EclM-EP2) have a potential application as microbicidal agents in packaged milk and milk derivatives during storage time. In addition, our environment is a rich sources of lytic phages which have potential use in eliminating multidrug-resistant isolates in food industry as well as in biocontrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Nasr-Eldin
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, 13511, Egypt.
| | - Eman Gamal
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, 13511, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Hazza
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, 13511, Egypt
| | - Sabah A Abo-Elmaaty
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, 13511, Egypt
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Nagel TE, Mutai IJ, Josephs T, Clokie MR. A Brief History of Phage Research and Teaching in Africa. PHAGE (NEW ROCHELLE, N.Y.) 2022; 3:184-193. [PMID: 36793885 PMCID: PMC9917308 DOI: 10.1089/phage.2022.29037.inp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Theodore Josephs
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Martha R.J. Clokie
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
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