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Shi W, Jia S, Guan X, Yao X, Pan R, Huang X, Ma Y, Wei J, Xu Y. A survey of jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) infection in sheep in the three northeastern provinces of China. Arch Virol 2021; 166:831-840. [PMID: 33486631 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-020-04919-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Ovine pulmonary adenomatosis (OPA) is caused by jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) and is a chronic, progressive, and infectious neoplastic lung disease in sheep, which causes significant economic losses to the sheep industry. Neither a vaccine nor serological diagnostic methods to detect OPA are available. We performed a JSRV infection survey in sheep using blood samples (n = 1,372) collected in the three northeastern provinces of China (i.e., Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, and Jilin) to determine JSRV infection status in sheep herds using a real-time PCR assay targeting the gag gene of JSRV. The ovine endogenous retrovirus sequence was successfully amplified in all sheep samples tested (296 from the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 255 from Jilin province, and 821 from Heilongjiang province). Subsequently, we attempted to distinguish exogenous JSRV (exJSRV) and endogenous JSRV (enJSRV) infections in these JSRV-positive samples using a combination assay that identifies a ScaI restriction site in an amplified 229-bp fragment of the gag gene of JSRV and a "LHMKYXXM" motif in the cytoplasmic tail region of the JSRV envelope protein. The ScaI restriction site is present in all known oncogenic JSRVs but absent in ovine endogenous retroviruses, while the "LHMKYXXM" motif is in all known exJSRVs but not in enJSRVs. Interestingly, one JSRV strain (HH13) from Heilongjiang province contained the "LHMKYXXM" motif but not the ScaI enzyme site. Phylogenetic analysis showed that strain HH13 was closely related to strain enJSRV-21 reported in the USA, indicating that HH13 could be an exogenous virus. Our results provide valuable information for further research on the genetic evolution and pathogenesis of JSRV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Shi
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Jia
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueting Guan
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Yao
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ronghui Pan
- Jilin Province Centre for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinning Huang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Ma
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wei
- Technology Center of Harbin Customs, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yigang Xu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
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Toma C, Bâlteanu VA, Tripon S, Trifa A, Rema A, Amorim I, Pop RM, Popa R, Catoi C, Taulescu M. Exogenous Jaagsiekte Sheep Retrovirus type 2 (exJSRV2) related to ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma (OPA) in Romania: prevalence, anatomical forms, pathological description, immunophenotyping and virus identification. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:296. [PMID: 32807166 PMCID: PMC7433209 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02521-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma (OPA) is a neoplastic disease caused by exogenous Jaagsiekte Sheep Retrovirus (exJSRV). The prevalence of JSRV-related OPA in Eastern European countries, including Romania is unknown. We aimed to investigate: the prevalence and morphological features of OPA (classical and atypical forms) in the Transylvania region (Romania), the immunophenotype of the pulmonary tumors and their relationships with exJSRV infection. A total of 2693 adult ewes slaughtered between 2017 and 2019 in two private slaughterhouses from Transylvania region (Romania) was evaluated. Lung tumors were subsequently assessed by cytology, histology, immunocytochemistry, immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy and DNA testing. RESULTS Out of 2693 examined sheep, 34 had OPA (1.26% prevalence). The diaphragmatic lobes were the most affected. Grossly, the classical OPA was identified in 88.24% of investigated cases and the atypical OPA in 11.76% that included solitary myxomatous nodules. Histopathology results confirmed the presence of OPA in all suspected cases, which were classified into acinar and papillary types. Myxoid growths (MGs) were diagnosed in 6 classical OPA cases and in 2 cases of atypical form. Lung adenocarcinoma was positive for MCK and TTF-1, and MGs showed immunoreaction for Vimentin, Desmin and SMA; Ki67 expression of classical OPA was higher than atypical OPA and MGs. JSRV-MA was identified by IHC (94.11%) in both epithelial and mesenchymal cells of OPA. Immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy also confirmed the JSRV within the neoplastic cells. ExJSRV was identified by PCR in 97.05% of analyzed samples. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence of the exJSRV type 2 (MT809678.1) in Romanian sheep affected by lung cancer and showed a high similarity with the UK strain (AF105220.1). CONCLUSIONS In this study, we confirmed for the first time in Romania the presence of exJSRV in naturally occurring OPA in sheep. Additionally, we described the first report of atypical OPA in Romania, and to the best of our knowledge, in Eastern Europe. Finally, we showed that MGs have a myofibroblastic origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Toma
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Calea Manastur, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Valentin Adrian Bâlteanu
- Laboratory of Genomics, Biodiversity, Animal Breeding and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Septiumiu Tripon
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technology, "C. Crăciun" Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adrian Trifa
- Department of Genetics, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Genetics, "Ion Chiricuta" Cancer Institute, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandra Rema
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira nr.228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Irina Amorim
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira nr.228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Raluca Maria Pop
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, 400337, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Roxana Popa
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Calea Manastur, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cornel Catoi
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Calea Manastur, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Marian Taulescu
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Calea Manastur, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- Laboratory of Genomics, Biodiversity, Animal Breeding and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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Özkan C, Yıldırım S, Huyut Z, Özbek M. Selected Tumour Biomarker Levels in Sheep with Pulmonary Adenomatosis. J Vet Res 2020; 64:39-44. [PMID: 32258798 PMCID: PMC7105990 DOI: 10.2478/jvetres-2020-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sheep pulmonary adenomatosis (ovine pulmonary adenomatosis, OPA, Jaagsiekte) is a chronic contagious bronchoalveolar carcinoma caused by the Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus. Since effective treatment and a vaccination procedure are not currently possible, control and eradication of the disease is difficult. It leads to serious economic losses around the world, therefore studies are currently underway in order to design control and eradication programmes. In this study, levels and changes in selected tumour markers (carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen (CA) 125, CA 19-9, CA 15-3, and alphafetoprotein (AFP)-3) and their diagnostic significance were investigated. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 30 sheep were used. Clinical examinations were performed and blood samples were obtained before slaughter from all animals with presumed OPA. Blood samples with positive OPA results by macroscopic and histopathological examination were included in the study as the experimental group and numbered 20. Sheep totalling 10 had negative OPA results and provided control samples. RESULTS CEA levels were similar in both groups, and the differences were statistically insignificant (P > 0.05). CA 125, CA 19-9, CA 15-3, and AFP-3 levels were higher in the OPA group than the control group and with statistical significance (P < 0.05). In all OPA animals, CA 125 levels were higher than 1 U/mL. CONCLUSION serum CAs and AFP levels increase significantly in adenomatous sheep. These tumour markers are thought to facilitate the diagnosis of OPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cumali Özkan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, 65080, Van, Turkey
| | - Serkan Yıldırım
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Zübeyir Huyut
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, 65080, Van, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Özbek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, 65080, Van, Turkey
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Prevalence of Pneumonia in Sheep and Goats Slaughtered at Elfora Bishoftu Export Abattoir, Ethiopia: A Pathological Investigation. J Vet Med 2019; 2019:5169040. [PMID: 31396540 PMCID: PMC6668555 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5169040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate clinical diagnosis of pneumonia, the leading cause of mortality in small ruminants, is difficult and usually requires postmortem examination of the lungs. An active abattoir survey was conducted between November 2017 and April 2018 to estimate the prevalence and characterize the gross and histopathological lesions of pneumonic lungs in 864 clinically healthy young small ruminants (490 sheep and 374 goats aged 1.5 to 3 years) raised for meat in different parts of the country and slaughtered at Elfora Bishoftu export abattoir, Ethiopia. Out of the total lungs examined grossly, pneumonic lesions were found in 158 (18.29%) lungs. On histopathological examination of the lungs with gross pneumonic lesion, however, typical pneumonic lesions were diagnosed in 148 (17.13%) lungs only. No significant (p>0.05) difference was noted in the prevalence of pneumonia between sheep (17.14%) and goats (17.11%) in histopathological examination. Based on the predominant histopathological findings, the pneumonic lesions were characterized as interstitial pneumonia (41.9%), acute suppurative bronchopneumonia (25.7%), acute fibrinous bronchopneumonia (24.3%), chronic bronchopneumonia (6.1%), aspiration pneumonia (4.7%), bronchointerstitial pneumonia (3.4%), and ovine pulmonary adenomatosis (3.4%). The study further showed the spread of ovine pulmonary adenomatosis and ovine progressive pneumonia (Maedi) from the central highlands to areas that were previously free from these diseases. Due to its better diagnostic capacity, histopathology should be employed routinely as an ancillary test in the major abattoirs and regional veterinary laboratories to generate additional epidemiological data for a better disease control and prevention measures. Further studies are also recommended to identify the etiological agents of pneumonia in sheep and goats and thereby to formulate feasible and cost-effective interventions.
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Sonawane GG, Tripathi BN, Kumar R, Kumar J. Diagnosis and prevalence of ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma in lung tissues of naturally infected farm sheep. Vet World 2016; 9:365-70. [PMID: 27182131 PMCID: PMC4864477 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2016.365-370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM This study was aimed to detect ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma (OPA) in sheep flocks affected with pulmonary disorders at organized farm. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 75 sheep died naturally were thoroughly examined for the lesions of OPA during necropsy. Tissue sections from affected portion of the lungs from each animal were collected aseptically and divided into two parts; one each for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and another for histopathology. RESULTS On PCR examination of lung tissues, six sheep (8%) were found to be positive for JSRV. Two of them were 3-6 months of age and did not show clinical signs/gross lesions of OPA. Four adult sheep positive on PCR revealed characteristic lesions of OPA on gross and histopathological examination. CONCLUSION In the absence of known specific antibody response to the infection with JSRV, there is no diagnostic serological test available. The PCR assay employed in this study on lung tissues, using primers based on the U3 region of the viral long terminal repeat for JSRV would be helpful in the screening of preclinical and clinical cases of OPA in sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh G Sonawane
- Animal Health Division, ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Malpura, Tonk, Rajasthan, India
| | | | - Rajiv Kumar
- Animal Biotechnology Section, ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Malpura, Tonk, Rajasthan, India
| | - Jyoti Kumar
- Animal Health Division, ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Malpura, Tonk, Rajasthan, India
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