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Matenda RT, Rip D, Fernández Pierna JA, Baeten V, Williams PJ. Differentiation of Listeria monocytogenes serotypes using near infrared hyperspectral imaging. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 320:124579. [PMID: 38850824 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Among the severe foodborne illnesses, listeriosis resulting from the pathogen Listeria monocytogenes exhibits one of the highest fatality rates. This study investigated the application of near infrared hyperspectral imaging (NIR-HSI) for the classification of three L. monocytogenes serotypes namely serotype 4b, 1/2a and 1/2c. The bacteria were cultured on Brain Heart Infusion agar, and NIR hyperspectral images were captured in the spectral range 900-2500 nm. Different pre-processing methods were applied to the raw spectra and principal component analysis was used for data exploration. Classification was achieved with partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). The PLS-DA results revealed classification accuracies exceeding 80 % for all the bacterial serotypes for both training and test set data. Based on validation data, sensitivity values for L. monocytogenes serotype 4b, 1/2a and 1/2c were 0.69, 0.80 and 0.98, respectively when using full wavelength data. The reduced wavelength model had sensitivity values of 0.65, 0.85 and 0.98 for serotype 4b, 1/2a and 1/2c, respectively. The most relevant bands for serotype discrimination were identified to be around 1490 nm and 1580-1690 nm based on both principal component loadings and variable importance in projection scores. The outcomes of this study demonstrate the feasibility of utilizing NIR-HSI for detecting and classifying L. monocytogenes serotypes on growth media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumbidzai T Matenda
- Department of Food Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa
| | - Diane Rip
- Department of Food Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa
| | - Juan A Fernández Pierna
- Quality and authentication of products Unit, Knowledge and valorization of agricultural products Department, Walloon Agricultural Research Centre (CRA-W), Chaussée de Namur,24, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Vincent Baeten
- Quality and authentication of products Unit, Knowledge and valorization of agricultural products Department, Walloon Agricultural Research Centre (CRA-W), Chaussée de Namur,24, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Paul J Williams
- Department of Food Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa.
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Deniz Y, Ekmen S, Dogan E, Calıs SO. Clinical and Laboratory Effects of Foodborne Illness in Children. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2024; 21:366-369. [PMID: 38386774 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2023.0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization estimates that 31 foodborne pathogen account for 600 million cases of illness annually. This study, conducted in a pediatric emergency department in Turkey, addresses the limited research on pediatric foodborne diseases (FD) in the country, exposing a significant knowledge gap. Analyzing 17,091 pediatric cases, 106 FD cases were identified, predominantly affecting boys (94.3%) with an average age of 7.65 ± 6.51 years. Remarkably, no patients required pediatric intensive care admission, and no mortalities were recorded. Hyponatremia emerged as a prevalent electrolyte disorder in pediatric FD, while hyperkalemia was notably observed in children under 5. The study emphasizes the severity of FD in children under 5, reflected in longer hospital stays, underscoring the urgent need for targeted interventions and improved detection methods in pediatric FD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Deniz
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Training and Research Hospital, Karabuk University, Karabuk, Turkey
| | - Sadrettin Ekmen
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Training and Research Hospital, Karabuk University, Karabuk, Turkey
| | - Erkan Dogan
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Training and Research Hospital, Karabuk University, Karabuk, Turkey
| | - Seyda Ozden Calıs
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Training and Research Hospital, Karabuk University, Karabuk, Turkey
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Viviers SA, Richter L, du Plessis EM, Korsten L. Microbiological quality of irrigation water on highly diverse fresh produce smallholder farms: elucidating environmental routes of contamination. J Appl Microbiol 2024; 135:lxae091. [PMID: 38632044 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxae091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the microbiological safety, potential multidrug-resistant bacterial presence and genetic relatedness (DNA fingerprints) of Escherichia coli isolated from the water-soil-plant nexus on highly diverse fresh produce smallholder farms. METHODS AND RESULTS Irrigation water (n = 44), soil (n = 85), and fresh produce (n = 95) samples from six smallholder farms with different production systems were analysed for hygiene indicator bacterial counts and the presence of shigatoxigenic E. coli and Salmonella spp. using standard microbiological methods. Identities of isolates were confirmed using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), and the genetic relatedness of the E. coli isolates determined using enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR) analysis. Irrigation water E. coli levels ranged between 0 and 3.45 log MPN/100 ml-1 with five farms having acceptable levels according to the World Health Organization limit (3 log MPN/100 ml-1). Fresh produce samples on four farms (n = 65) harboured E. coli at low levels (<1 log CFU/g-1) except for one sample from kale, spring onion, green pepper, onion, and two tomato samples, which exceeded international acceptable limits (100 CFU/g-1). Only one baby carrot fresh produce sample tested positive for Salmonella spp. Of the 224 samples, E. coli isolates were identified in 40% (n = 90) of all water, soil, and fresh produce types after enrichment. Additionally, the DNA fingerprints of E. coli isolates from the water-soil-plant nexus of each respective farm clustered together at high similarity values (>90%), with all phenotypically characterized as multidrug-resistant. CONCLUSIONS The clustering of E. coli isolated throughout the water-soil-plant nexus, implicated irrigation water in fresh produce contamination. Highlighting the importance of complying with irrigation water microbiological quality guidelines to limit the spread of potential foodborne pathogens throughout the fresh produce supply chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheldon A Viviers
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- Department of Science and Innovation-National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence in Food Security, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
| | - Loandi Richter
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- Department of Science and Innovation-National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence in Food Security, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
| | - Erika M du Plessis
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- Department of Science and Innovation-National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence in Food Security, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
| | - Lise Korsten
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- Department of Science and Innovation-National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence in Food Security, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
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4
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Chen Y, Wan G, Song J, Dai J, Shi W, Wang L. Food Safety Practices of Food Handlers in China and their Correlation with Self-reported Foodborne Illness. J Food Prot 2024; 87:100202. [PMID: 38052368 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2023.100202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Food service facilities are important sites where foodborne diseases have been reported to occur frequently. This study aims to determine the correlation between self-reported foodborne diseases and food-safety practices followed by food handlers of various food service facilities. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from March 1, 2022 to December 30, 2022 in Wuhu City, Anhui Province, China. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews and having the selected food handlers fill in a self-compiled questionnaire. Of the 1072 food handlers included in the study, 88 (8.2%) reported having experienced symptoms of foodborne diseases in the past 4 weeks. The following food-safety practices correlated with self-reported foodborne diseases: (1) infrequently using 3-compartment sinks to separately clean different types of raw food materials (P < 0.05, OR = 2.312); (2) infrequently removing non-edible parts of aquatic products outside a specific room for food processing (P < 0.001, OR = 3.916); (3) infrequently immediately refrigerating cold dishes prepared in advance to be consumed later (P < 0.001, OR = 4.048); (4) often store perishable foods at 8-60°C in the indoor environment after cooking and before eating (P < 0.05, OR = 2.068); (5) infrequently reheating cooked perishable food stored at 8-60°C for more than 2 h before eating (P < 0.05, OR = 1.934); and (6) often storing raw and cooked food in the same container (P < 0.001, OR = 3.818). Hence, a better supervision of food-safety practices of catering workers may reduce the frequency of foodborne-disease outbreaks in food service facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujuan Chen
- School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, Anhui Province, China; School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Gaihong Wan
- Gansu Medical College, Pingliang 744000, Gansu Province, China.
| | - Jiangen Song
- School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Jiajia Dai
- School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Wei Shi
- School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Economics and Management, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Gautron JMC, Tu Thanh G, Barasa V, Voltolina G. Using intersectionality to study gender and antimicrobial resistance in low- and middle-income countries. Health Policy Plan 2023; 38:1017-1032. [PMID: 37599460 PMCID: PMC10566319 DOI: 10.1093/heapol/czad054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Different sexes and genders experience differentiated risks of acquiring infections, including drug-resistant infections, and of becoming ill. Different genders also have different health-seeking behaviours that shape their likelihood of having access to and appropriately using and administering antimicrobials. Consequently, they are distinctly affected by antimicrobial resistance (AMR). As such, it is crucial to incorporate perspectives on sex and gender in the study of both AMR and antimicrobial use in order to present a full picture of AMR's drivers and impact. An intersectional approach to understanding gender and AMR can display how gender and other components 'intersect' to shape the experiences of individuals and groups affected by AMR. However, there are insufficient data on the burden of AMR disaggregated by gender and other socio-economic characteristics, and where available, it is fragmented. For example, to date, the best estimate of the global burden of bacterial AMR published in The Lancet does not consider gender or other social stratifiers in its analysis. To address this evidence gap, we undertook a scoping review to examine how sex and gender compounded by other axes of marginalization influence one's vulnerability and exposure to AMR as well as one's access to and use of antimicrobials. We undertook a gendered analysis of AMR, using intersectionality as a concept to help us understand the multiple and overlapping ways in which different people experience exposure vulnerability to AMR. This approach is crucial in informing a more nuanced view of the burden and drivers of AMR. The intersectional gender lens should be taken into account in AMR surveillance, antimicrobial stewardship, infection prevention and control and public and professional awareness efforts, both donor and government funded, as well as national and international policies and programmes tackling AMR such as through national action plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette M C Gautron
- Department of Social Anthropology, University of Cambridge, Free School Lane, Cambridge, CB2 3RF, United Kingdom
| | - Giada Tu Thanh
- Independent Consultant, Gran de Gracia, Barcelona 08012, Spain
| | - Violet Barasa
- Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex, Library Road, Brighton & Hove, BN1 9RE, United Kingdom
| | - Giovanna Voltolina
- Itad, Preece House, Davigdor Road, Brighton & Hove, BN3 1RE, United Kingdom
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6
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Plasma activated water offers food security opportunities by increasing shelf life of freshwater fisheries products in South Africa. Food Secur 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12571-022-01334-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Synergistic Effect of Lithocholic Acid with Gentamicin against Gram-Positive Bacteria but Not against Gram-Negative Bacteria. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27072318. [PMID: 35408717 PMCID: PMC9000364 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) is an important Gram-positive food-borne pathogen that severely threatens public health. A checkerboard microdilution method was performed to evaluate the synergistic effect of lithocholic acid (LCA) with Gentamicin (Genta) against L. monocytogenes. BacLight LIVE/DEAD staining, scanning electron microscopy and biofilm inhibition assays were further used to explore the bactericidal effect and antibiofilm effect of this combination on L. monocytogenes. Additionally, the synergistic effects of LCA derivatives with Genta were also evaluated against L. monocytogenes, S.aureus and S. suis. The results indicated that a synergistic bactericidal effect was observed for the combined therapy of LCA at the concentration without affecting bacteria viability, with Genta. Additionally, LCA in combination with Genta had a synergistic effect against Gram-positive bacteria (L. monocytogenes, S. aureus and S. suis) but not against Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli, A. baumannii and Salmonella). BacLight LIVE/DEAD staining and scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed that the combination of LCA with Genta caused L. monocytogenes membrane injury, leading to bacteria death. We found that 8 μg/mL LCA treatment effectively improved the ability of Genta to eradicate L. monocytogenes biofilms. In addition, we found that chenodeoxycholic acid, as a cholic acid derivative, also improved the bactericidal effect of Genta against Gram-positive bacteria. Our results indicate that LCA represents a broad-spectrum adjuvant with Genta for infection caused by L. monocytogenes and other Gram-positive pathogens.
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8
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Zhu J, Huang X, Song W. Physical and Chemical Sensors on the Basis of Laser-Induced Graphene: Mechanisms, Applications, and Perspectives. ACS NANO 2021; 15:18708-18741. [PMID: 34881870 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c05806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Laser-induced graphene (LIG) is produced rapidly by directly irradiating carbonaceous precursors, and it naturally exhibits as a three-dimensional porous structure. Due to advantages such as simple preparation, time-saving, environmental friendliness, low cost, and expanding categories of raw materials, LIG and its derivatives have achieved broad applications in sensors. This has been witnessed in various fields such as wearable devices, disease diagnosis, intelligent robots, and pollution detection. However, despite LIG sensors having demonstrated an excellent capability to monitor physical and chemical parameters, the systematic review of synthesis, sensing mechanisms, and applications of them combined with comparison against other preparation approaches of graphene is still lacking. Here, graphene-based sensors for physical, biological, and chemical detection are reviewed first, followed by the introduction of general preparation methods for the laser-induced method to yield graphene. The preparation and advantages of LIG, sensing mechanisms, and the properties of different types of emerging LIG-based sensors are comprehensively reviewed. Finally, possible solutions to the problems and challenges of preparing LIG and LIG-based sensors are proposed. This review may serve as a detailed reference to guide the development of LIG-based sensors that possess properties for future smart sensors in health care, environmental protection, and industrial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junbo Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xian Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Weixing Song
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Beijing 100048, China
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9
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Richter L, du Plessis EM, Duvenage S, Korsten L. Microbiological safety of spinach throughout commercial supply chains in Gauteng Province, South Africa and characterization of isolated multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 132:2389-2409. [PMID: 34767685 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the microbiological quality, potential foodborne pathogen presence, and to phenotypically (antimicrobial resistance [AMR] profiles) and genotypically (DNA fingerprints and diarrhoeagenic genes) characterize Escherichia coli isolated throughout spinach production systems from farm-to-sale. METHODS AND RESULTS Samples (n = 288) were collected from two commercial supply chains using either river or borehole irrigation water. E. coli was enumerated throughout the chain where river water was directly used for overhead irrigation at levels between 0.00 and 3.22 log colony forming unit (CFU) g-1 . Following enrichment, isolation and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry identification, E. coli was isolated from 22.57% (n = 65/288) of all samples. Salmonella spp. were isolated from 3% (n = 9/288) of river and irrigation water samples on one farm, and no Listeria monocytogenes was detected throughout the study. Of the 80 characterized E. coli isolates, one harboured the stx2 virulence gene, while 43.75% (n = 35) were multidrug resistant. Overall, 26.30% of the multidrug-resistant E. coli isolates were from production scenario one that used river irrigation water, and 17.50% from the second production scenario that used borehole irrigation water. A greater percentage of resistance phenotypes were from water E. coli isolates (52.50%), than isolates from spinach (37.50%). E. coli isolates from spinach and irrigation water clustered together at high similarity values (>90%) using enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-polymerase chan reaction analysis. CONCLUSIONS This study reported the presence of multidrug-resistant environmental E. coli throughout spinach production from farm, during processing and up to retail. Furthermore, the similarity of multi-drug resistant E. coli isolates suggests transfer from irrigation water to spinach in both scenarios, reiterating that irrigation water for vegetables consumed raw, should comply with standardized microbiological safety guidelines. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF STUDY Multidrug-resistant E. coli presence throughout spinach production emphasizes the necessity of increased surveillance of AMR in fresh produce and the production environment within a One Health paradigm to develop AMR mitigation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loandi Richter
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.,Department of Science and Innovation, National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence in Food Security, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Erika M du Plessis
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.,Department of Science and Innovation, National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence in Food Security, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Stacey Duvenage
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.,Department of Science and Innovation, National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence in Food Security, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Lise Korsten
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.,Department of Science and Innovation, National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence in Food Security, Pretoria, South Africa
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Effect of Smartphone App's Intervention on Consumers' Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, and Perception of Food Poisoning Prevention When Dining Out at Selected Rural Areas in Terengganu. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph181910294. [PMID: 34639593 PMCID: PMC8508150 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: Lack of food safety awareness and preventive behaviour when dining out increases the risk of food poisoning. Furthermore, food poisoning cases among rural communities have been rising in recent years. However, the health-related mobile application is a promising tool in improving food poisoning prevention knowledge, attitude, practice, and perception (KAP2) among consumers. Therefore, the current study developed a novel smartphone app, MyWarung©, and determined its efficacy in increasing awareness, attitude, practice, and perception of food poisoning and its prevention when dining out, especially among rural consumers. (2) Methods: A quasi-experimental pre-and post-intervention study with a control and intervention group were performed on 100 consumers in Terengganu. (3) Results: The intervention's inter-group outcomes were analysed using the Mann-Whitney test, while the within-group effects were ascertained using the Wilcoxon sign rank test via the SPSS software. It was found that the control group had higher median scores in knowledge (30.0, IQR 7.0), attitude (46.0, IQR 5.0), and practice (34.0, IQR 3.0) than the intervention group before intervention. After the intervention programme, the intervention group showed significant improvement in food poisoning knowledge (p = 0.000), attitude (p = 0.001), and practice (p = 0.000). However, the intervention group's perceived barriers (p = 0.129) and susceptibility (p = 0.069) and the control group's perceived barriers (p = 0.422) did not show any significant improvement. (4) Conclusion: The findings indicated that the MyWarung© mobile app usage enhanced the food poisoning knowledge, preventive attitude, and practice among consumers when dining out.
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Tshabalala R, Kabelinde A, KAPTCHOUANG TCHATCHOUANG CDONALD, Ateba CN, Manganyi MC. Effect of Clove ( Syzygium aromaticum) spice as microbial inhibitor of resistant bacteria and Organoleptic Quality of meat. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:3855-3863. [PMID: 34220240 PMCID: PMC8241631 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
For centuries, spices have been utilized as flavourants, colourants and as preservatives in food. Moreover, spices possess various antimicrobial properties with massive health benefits for the treatment and management of ailments and diseases. The present study was focused on three (3) aspects; (1) isolation and molecular identification of bacteria from the meat; (2) to determine the antimicrobial activity of the spices against the pathogens; (3) to assess the organoleptic properties of the spiced meat. A total of twelve (n = 12) spices evaluated against forty (n = 40) spoilage food-borne pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli and Enterococci spp.). The spice extracts were tested using disk diffusion method to determine the inhibition abilities. The results show that clove and black seed cumin extract exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against most pathogenic bacteria. Clove displayed the highest inhibition zone of 18 mm against E. coli (EcFwS1). Clove extract was the most inhibitor followed by black cumin, whereas extracts of thyme and cinnamon showed weak antibacterial activities against the tested strains. The most sensitive strain to spice extracts was Enterococcus spp. (EnFmL1) and the most resistant strain being E. coli. (EcFmS1 and EcFpL1). Untreated meat showed that E. coli and Enterococcus spp. count was 4.4 * 105 ± 3.4 * 105 and 2.2 * 105 ± 3.6 * 104 cfu/mL respectively after 7 days while the single dose of clove showed 5.4 * 104 ± 4.4 * 102 cfu/mL of E. coli and 1.7 * 105 ± 4.1 * 104 cfu/mL of Enterococcus spp. The organoleptic characteristics such as colour, texture, odour, pH, shape of the single dose of clove on the meat was overall acceptable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Tshabalala
- Department of Microbiology, North West University – Mafikeng Campus, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
| | - Adia Kabelinde
- Department of Microbiology, North West University – Mafikeng Campus, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
| | | | - Collins Njie Ateba
- Department of Microbiology, North West University – Mafikeng Campus, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
- Food Security and Safety Niche Area, Faculty of Agriculture, Science and Technology, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
| | - Madira Coutlyne Manganyi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Walter Sisulu University PBX1, Mthatha 5117, South Africa
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12
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Bragason E, Berhe T, Dashe D, Sørensen KI, Guya ME, Hansen EB. Antimicrobial activity of novel Lactococcus lactis strains against Salmonella Typhimurium DT12, Escherichia coli O157:H7 VT− and Klebsiella pneumoniae in raw and pasteurised camel milk. Int Dairy J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2020.104832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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13
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Mbonane TP, Naicker N. Knowledge, attitude and practices of environmental health practitioners conducting food-borne disease outbreak investigation at a local municipality in Gauteng province, South Africa. Health SA 2020; 25:1359. [PMID: 32670622 PMCID: PMC7343944 DOI: 10.4102/hsag.v25i0.1359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Food-borne disease (FBD) outbreaks are a common occurrence that is either not investigated or poorly investigated. According to anecdote evidence, this is because of non-uniformity to environmental health practices in South Africa. Aim This study aimed to determine and describe the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of environmental health practitioners (EHPs) when conducting outbreak investigations of FBD at a local municipality. Setting This study was conducted in three sub-districts of Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality (EMM), one of five municipalities in Gauteng province, South Africa. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to collect data using a semi-structured questionnaire. Data collected were analysed using IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Continuous variables were compared using analysis of variances, and correlation was used to determine any association. Results Knowledge responses were scored out of 9. Open-ended questions were themed into five items (support, guidelines, resources, training and specialisation). Sixty-one (76.3%) participants were randomly selected to participate in the study. There were more female participants (55.7%) than male participants, and the mean age was 30.9 years. The participants’ knowledge scores ranged from 1 to 9. There were 17 (27.9%) participants who have conducted FBD outbreak investigation. Twenty-six (42.6%) believed that they were properly trained to conduct FBD outbreak investigations. Age was associated with position (p = 0.000) and qualification (p = 0.033). Conclusion The results indicated that there are gaps and challenges in the knowledge, while the practices were not consistent amongst environmental health practitioners. However, the attitude of EHPs was positive with regard to their role in FBD outbreak investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thokozani P Mbonane
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Nisha Naicker
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa.,School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.,Epidemiology and Surveillance Section, National Institute for Occupational Health, Johannesburg, South Africa
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AsiFood and its output and prospects: An Erasmus+ project on capacity building in food safety and quality for South-East Asia. Food Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.106913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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