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Yang G, Li C, Yao Y, Wang G, Teng Y. Quasi-supervised learning for super-resolution PET. Comput Med Imaging Graph 2024; 113:102351. [PMID: 38335784 DOI: 10.1016/j.compmedimag.2024.102351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Low resolution of positron emission tomography (PET) limits its diagnostic performance. Deep learning has been successfully applied to achieve super-resolution PET. However, commonly used supervised learning methods in this context require many pairs of low- and high-resolution (LR and HR) PET images. Although unsupervised learning utilizes unpaired images, the results are not as good as that obtained with supervised deep learning. In this paper, we propose a quasi-supervised learning method, which is a new type of weakly-supervised learning methods, to recover HR PET images from LR counterparts by leveraging similarity between unpaired LR and HR image patches. Specifically, LR image patches are taken from a patient as inputs, while the most similar HR patches from other patients are found as labels. The similarity between the matched HR and LR patches serves as a prior for network construction. Our proposed method can be implemented by designing a new network or modifying an existing network. As an example in this study, we have modified the cycle-consistent generative adversarial network (CycleGAN) for super-resolution PET. Our numerical and experimental results qualitatively and quantitatively show the merits of our method relative to the state-of-the-art methods. The code is publicly available at https://github.com/PigYang-ops/CycleGAN-QSDL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangtong Yang
- College of Medicine and Biomedical Information Engineering, Northeastern University, 110004 Shenyang, China
| | - Chen Li
- College of Medicine and Biomedical Information Engineering, Northeastern University, 110004 Shenyang, China
| | - Yudong Yao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, USA
| | - Ge Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Yueyang Teng
- College of Medicine and Biomedical Information Engineering, Northeastern University, 110004 Shenyang, China.
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Xiao L, Xin J. Advances in Clinical Oncology Research on 99mTc-3PRGD2 SPECT Imaging. Front Oncol 2022; 12:898764. [PMID: 35712468 PMCID: PMC9195171 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.898764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The integrin alpha(α)v beta(β)3 receptor is ubiquitous in malignant tumors and has a certain level of specificity for tumors. Technetium-99m hydrazinonicotinamide-dimeric cyclic arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid peptide with three polyethylene glycol spacers (99mTc-3PRGD2) can bind specifically to the integrin αvβ3 receptor with high selectivity and strong affinity. Thus, it can specifically mark tumors and regions with angiogenesis for tumor detection and be used in single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging. This modality has good application value for diagnosing and treating tumor lesions, such as those in the lung, breast, esophagus, head, and neck. This review provides an overview of the current clinical research progress of 99mTc-3PRGD2 SPECT imaging for tumor lesions, including for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of tumors in different body parts, evaluation of related metastases, and evaluation of efficacy. In addition, the future clinical application prospects and possibilities of 99mTc-3PRGD2 SPECT imaging are further discussed.
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Zhang X, Ye B, Yu H, Zhang Y, Xie S, Xu J, Peng Q. Depth of Interaction Measurements Based on Rectangular Light Sharing Window Technology and Nine-Crystals-to-One-SiPM Coupling Method. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON RADIATION AND PLASMA MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1109/trpms.2020.3023073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Katsari K, Penna D, Arena V, Polverari G, Ianniello A, Italiano D, Milani R, Roncacci A, Illing RO, Pelosi E. Artificial intelligence for reduced dose 18F-FDG PET examinations: a real-world deployment through a standardized framework and business case assessment. EJNMMI Phys 2021; 8:25. [PMID: 33687602 PMCID: PMC7943690 DOI: 10.1186/s40658-021-00374-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To determine whether artificial intelligence (AI) processed PET/CT images of reduced by one-third of 18-F-FDG activity compared to the standard injected dose, were non-inferior to native scans and if so to assess the potential impact of commercialization. MATERIALS AND METHODS SubtlePET™ AI was introduced in a PET/CT center in Italy. Eligible patients referred for 18F-FDG PET/CT were prospectively enrolled. Administered 18F-FDG was reduced to two-thirds of standard dose. Patients underwent one low-dose CT and two sequential PET scans; "PET-processed" with reduced dose and standard acquisition time, and "PET-native" with an elapsed time to simulate standard acquisition time and dose. PET-processed images were reconstructed using SubtlePET™. PET-native images were defined as the standard of reference. The datasets were anonymized and independently evaluated in random order by four blinded readers. The evaluation included subjective image quality (IQ) assessment, lesion detectability, and assessment of business benefits. RESULTS From February to April 2020, 61 patients were prospectively enrolled. Subjective IQ was not significantly different between datasets (4.62±0.23, p=0.237) for all scanner models, with "almost perfect" inter-reader agreement. There was no significant difference between datasets in lesions' detectability, target lesion mean SUVmax value, and liver mean SUVmean value (182.75/181.75 [SD:0.71], 9.8/11.4 [SD:1.13], 2.1/1.9 [SD:0.14] respectively). No false-positive lesions were reported in PET-processed examinations. Agreed SubtlePET™ price per examination was 15-20% of FDG savings. CONCLUSION This is the first real-world study to demonstrate the non-inferiority of AI processed 18F-FDG PET/CT examinations obtained with 66% standard dose and a methodology to define the AI solution price.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Rowland O Illing
- Affidea, Budapest, Hungary
- University College London United Kingdom, London, UK
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Wang T, Sun H, Guo Y, Zou L. 18F-FDG PET/CT Quantitative Parameters and Texture Analysis Effectively Differentiate Endometrial Precancerous Lesion and Early-Stage Carcinoma. Mol Imaging 2020; 18:1536012119856965. [PMID: 31198089 PMCID: PMC6572902 DOI: 10.1177/1536012119856965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study evaluated the metabolic parameters and texture features of fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET/CT) for the diagnosis and differentiation of endometrial atypical hyperplasia (EAH), EAH with field cancerization (FC), and stage 1A endometrial carcinoma (EC 1a). Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the metabolic parameters of PET/CT in 170 patients with diagnoses confirmed by pathology, including 57 cases of EAH (57/170, 33.53%), 45 cases of FC (45/170, 26.47%), and 68 cases of EC 1a (68/170, 40.0%). Then, the texture features of each tumor were extracted and compared with the metabolic parameters and pathological results using nonparametric tests and linear regression analysis. The diagnostic performance was assessed by the area under the curve (AUC) values obtained from receiver operating characteristic analysis. Results: There were moderate positive correlations between the PET standardized uptake values (SUVpeak, SUVmax, and SUVmean) and postoperative pathological features with correlation coefficients (rs) of 0.663, 0.651, and 0.651, respectively (P < .001). Total lesion glycolysis showed relatively low correlation with pathological characteristics (rs = 0.476), whereas metabolic tumor volume and age showed the weakest correlations (rs = 0.186 and 0.232, respectively). To differentiate between the diagnosis of EAH and FC, SUVmax displayed the largest AUC of 0.857 (sensitivity, 82.2%; specificity, 84.2%). Five texture features were screened out as Percentile 40, Percentile 45, InverseDifferenceMoment_AllDirection_offset 1, InverseDifferenceMoment_angle 45_offset 4, and ClusterProminence_angle 135_offset 7 (P < .001) by linear model of texture analysis (AUC = 0.851; specificity = 0.692; sensitivity = 0.871). To differentiate between the diagnoses of FC and EC 1a, SUVpeak displayed the largest AUC of 0.715 (sensitivity, 67.6%; specificity, 77.8%), and 2 texture features were identified as Percentile 10 and CP_angle 135_offset 7 (AUC = 0.819; specificity = 0.871; sensitivity = 0.766; P < .001). Conclusions: SUVmax and SUVpeak had the highest diagnostic values for EAH, FC, and EC 1a compared with the other tested parameters. SUVmax, Percentile 40, Percentile 45, InverseDifferenceMoment_AllDirection_offset 1, InverseDifferenceMoment_angle 45_offset 4, and ClusterProminence_angle 135_offset 7 distinguished EAH from FC. SUVpeak, Percentile 10, and ClusterProminence_angle 135_offset 7 distinguished FC from EC 1a. This study showed that the addition of texture features provides valuable information for differentiating EAH, FC, and EC 1a diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wang
- 1 Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongzan Sun
- 1 Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Guo
- 2 GE Healthcare, Beijing, China
| | - Lue Zou
- 1 Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Fouda A, Kandil S, Hamid G, Boujettif K, Mahfouz M, Abdelaziz M. Rebound (reactive) thymic hyperplasia after chemotherapy in children with lymphoma. An Pediatr (Barc) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Norton JC, Slawinski PR, Lay HS, Martin JW, Cox BF, Cummins G, Desmulliez MP, Clutton RE, Obstein KL, Cochran S, Valdastri P. Intelligent magnetic manipulation for gastrointestinal ultrasound. Sci Robot 2019; 4:eaav7725. [PMID: 31380501 PMCID: PMC6677276 DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.aav7725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Diagnostic endoscopy in the gastrointestinal tract has remained largely unchanged for decades and is limited to the visualization of the tissue surface, the collection of biopsy samples for diagnoses, and minor interventions such as clipping or tissue removal. In this work, we present the autonomous servoing of a magnetic capsule robot for in-situ, subsurface diagnostics of microanatomy. We investigated and showed the feasibility of closed-loop magnetic control using digitized microultrasound (μUS) feedback; this is crucial for obtaining robust imaging in an unknown and unconstrained environment. We demonstrated the functionality of an autonomous servoing algorithm that uses μUS feedback, both on benchtop trials as well as in-vivo in a porcine model. We have validated this magnetic-μUS servoing in instances of autonomous linear probe motion and were able to locate markers in an agar phantom with 1.0 ± 0.9 mm position accuracy using a fusion of robot localization and μUS image information. This work demonstrates the feasibility of closed-loop robotic μUS imaging in the bowel without the need for either a rigid physical link between the transducer and extracorporeal tools or complex manual manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Keith L. Obstein
- STORM Lab USA, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, USA
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - Sandy Cochran
- University of Glasgow, School of Mechanical Engineering, Glasgow, UK
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Zhang X, Xie S, Yang J, Weng F, Xu J, Huang Q, Peng Q. A depth encoding PET detector using four-crystals-to-one-SiPM coupling and light-sharing window method. Med Phys 2019; 46:3385-3398. [PMID: 31107969 DOI: 10.1002/mp.13603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Depth of interaction (DOI) decoding capability is of great importance for positron emission tomography (PET) requiring high resolution. In this study, we presented a novel low-cost DOI detector design with four crystals coupling to one SiPM, based on the method of rectangular light-sharing window (RLSW). A prototype detector was constructed, calibrated, and assessed using the methods of homogeneous radiation and flood map analysis. METHODS The DOI detector was constructed with a 4 × 4 array of lutetium-yttrium oxyorthosilicate (LYSO) crystals (2.95 mm × 2.95 mm × 20 mm3 ), barium sulfate (BaSO4 ) reflectors, and optical glues. A RLSW 7 mm in height was deployed in the BaSO4 reflectors. A non-DOI detector with identical dimensions and without RLSW was also constructed for comparison. The light-output surface of the detector was air-coupled with a 4 × 4 array of SiPMs (3 mm × 3 mm2 ). The signals generated from the 16 SiPMs were read out by a custom-designed electronic system, and the signals from four adjacent 3 mm SiPMs were summed into one signal to emulate a 2 × 2 array of 6 mm SiPMs. The RLSW caused the DOI-related position shifts of the crystal spots in the flood map. A homogeneous radiation method was used to establish the transfer functions to convert the spot shifts measured from the flood map into DOI measurements. The accuracy of the DOI measurements was assessed with data acquired using the conventional collimated radiation method. RESULTS All 16 crystals are distinctly separated from each other in the flood map. Twelve crystals, including four central crystals and eight edge crystals, have the DOI capability. The full width half maximum (FWHM) of the DOI measurements of the central crystals and the edge crystals are 3.06 ± 0.08 and 3.79 ± 0.15 mm, respectively, for the configuration with four crystals coupling to one SiPM. By contrast, the FWHMs (3.98 ± 0.16 and 5.12 ± 0.38 mm, respectively) are slightly worse for the configuration with one crystal coupling to one SiPM. The average and standard deviation (STD) of the FWHM energy resolutions of the DOI detector and non-DOI detector were 10.2% ± 0.7% and 10.7% ± 1.7%, respectively. Their FWHM coincidence timing resolutions were 197.0 ± 9.6 and 206.4 ± 13.3 ps, respectively. The RLSW had no significant impact on the energy resolutions and timing resolutions of the DOI detector. CONCLUSIONS The novel four-crystals-to-one-SiPM coupling technology is a cost-efficient approach to construct high-performance detector modules with DOI capability. The methods of homogeneous radiation and flood map analysis are easy to perform and of good performance. Those methods can be adapted in the clinic PET scanners to enable the capability of DOI measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhang
- School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Siwei Xie
- School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingwu Yang
- School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Fenghua Weng
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiu Huang
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiyu Peng
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 94720, Berkeley, CA, USA
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Fouda A, Kandil S, Hamid G, Boujettif K, Mahfouz M, Abdelaziz M. [Rebound (reactive) thymic hyperplasia after chemotherapy in children with lymphoma]. An Pediatr (Barc) 2019; 91:189-198. [PMID: 30713069 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2018.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Thymic regrowth after chemotherapy treatment has been reported in children with lymphoma, and in order to avoid misdiagnosing these cases as relapses, physicians should become familiar with rebound (reactive) thymic hyperplasia (RTH) and remain aware of its possible occurrence. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of RTH in children with lymphoma after completion of chemotherapy and to evaluate the clinical characteristics, outcomes, and the findings of computed tomography (CT) and gallium-67 (GA-67) scans in these patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study by reviewing the health records of children with a lymphoma diagnosis managed at an outpatient paediatric oncology clinic in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. RESULTS Rebound thymic hyperplasia was detected in 51.9% of the lymphoma patients (14/27). It developed a median of 2.5 months after completion of chemotherapy (range, 2.0-4.25 months). Patients with RTH had significantly shorter treatment durations, and we found no significant differences between patients with and without RTH in sex, age at diagnosis, type of lymphoma or type of treatment received. All patients with RTH were asymptomatic, and routine laboratory tests did not detect any abnormalities in them. The findings of CT and GA-67 scans were highly suggestive of RTH. None of the patients with RTH had a recurrence, and RTH resolved spontaneously within a median of 6 months (range, 4.0-11.0). CONCLUSION RTH was detected in ∼50% of children with lymphoma after completion of chemotherapy. A clinical evaluation and laboratory tests combined with imaging by CT and GA-67 can help identify RTH and rule out other lesions elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf Fouda
- Departamento de Pediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Hospital Infantil de la Universidad de El Mansura, Universidad de El Mansura, El Mansura, Egipto.
| | - Shaimaa Kandil
- Departamento de Pediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Hospital Infantil de la Universidad de El Mansura, Universidad de El Mansura, El Mansura, Egipto
| | - Gihad Hamid
- División de Medicina Nuclear, Centro de Oncología de Yeda, Ciudad Médica Rey Abdullah, La Meca, Arabia Saudita
| | | | - Mohamed Mahfouz
- Departamento de Oncología Clínica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valle del Sur, Quena, Egipto
| | - Mohamed Abdelaziz
- Departamento de Oncología Clínica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de El Mansura, El Mansura, Egipto
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Kumar R, Mittal BR, Bhattacharya A, Singh H, Bal A, Vadi SK, Sood A, Prakash G, Singh H, Sharma A. Diagnostic performance of real-time robotic arm-assisted 18F-FDG PET/CT-guided percutaneous biopsy in metabolically active abdominal and pelvic lesions. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2018; 46:838-847. [PMID: 30167803 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-018-4133-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the feasibility and diagnostic performance of 18F-FDG PET/CT-guided biopsy of abdominal and pelvic lesions with automated robotic arm (ARA) assistance. METHODS This prospective study included 114 patients (75 men, 39 women; mean age 51.3 ± 14.7 years, range: 18-90 years) who underwent PET/CT-guided biopsy of FDG-avid abdominal and pelvic lesions from October 2014 to December 2017. Of these patients, 54 had a prior inconclusive CT-guided biopsy. The biopsies were done with ARA assistance, and a real-time sample was obtained after confirming the position of the needle tip within the target lesion on PET/CT. Histopathology reports were reviewed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the procedure. Clinical or imaging follow-up was done to confirm negative results. RESULTS The lesions were successfully targeted in 110 of the 114 patients (96.5%) and yielded a pathological diagnosis. Pathological diagnoses were confirmed in 50 of the 54 patients with a prior inconclusive biopsy. Of the 110 lesions, 82 were malignant, 20 were benign, and 8 showed minimal residual FDG uptake at the end of treatment and had no active disease even on clinical and imaging follow-up of at least 3 months. Findings were true-positive in 102 lesions, false-positive in none, true-negative in eight and false-negative in four. The procedure showed sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of 96.2%, 100%, 100%, 66.7 and 96.5%, respectively. No immediate complications or delayed life-threatening events were observed. CONCLUSION Percutaneous biopsy of metabolically active abdominal and pelvic lesions with ARA assistance is a technically feasible, safe and accurate method for pathological diagnosis with high diagnostic performance. PET-guided biopsy is highly practical and useful in patients, especially in those with a previous inconclusive biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajender Kumar
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Bhagwant Rai Mittal
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
| | - Anish Bhattacharya
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Harmandeep Singh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Amanjit Bal
- Department of Pathology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Shelvin Kumar Vadi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Ashwani Sood
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Gaurav Prakash
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Harjeet Singh
- Department of Surgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Aman Sharma
- Department of Rheumatology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Manigandan A, Handi V, Sundaramoorthy NS, Dhandapani R, Radhakrishnan J, Sethuraman S, Subramanian A. Responsive Nanomicellar Theranostic Cages for Metastatic Breast Cancer. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:275-286. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amrutha Manigandan
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, India
| | - Vandhana Handi
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, India
| | - Niranjana Sri Sundaramoorthy
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, India
| | - Ramya Dhandapani
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, India
| | - Janani Radhakrishnan
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, India
| | - Swaminathan Sethuraman
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, India
| | - Anuradha Subramanian
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, India
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Utility of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the diagnosis and staging of extramammary Paget’s disease. Nucl Med Commun 2015; 36:892-7. [DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0000000000000340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Huang T, Tang G, Wang H, Nie D, Tang X, Liang X, Hu K, Yi C, Yao B, Tang C. Synthesis and preliminary biological evaluation of S-11C-methyl-d-cysteine as a new amino acid PET tracer for cancer imaging. Amino Acids 2014; 47:719-27. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-014-1899-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Abstract
Functional imaging techniques enable physiological information to be derived, which, combined with high-resolution anatomical imaging, has the potential to improve the management of patients with intestinal disease. Two of the common pathologies where imaging has a substantial role in depicting disease extent, in staging disease, and assessing therapeutic response and/or disease relapse are cancer and inflammatory bowel disease. In these scenarios, functional imaging may augment assessment of disease activity, therapeutic response/non-response, as well as disease relapse by indicating physiological changes as a result of tumor, inflammation, or fibrosis.
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Hamed MAG, Ghany AFA, Osman NM. The diagnostic usefulness of FDG-PET/CT in detecting tumor recurrence not evident in whole body I131 scan in differentiated thyroid carcinoma. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrnm.2014.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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D'souza MM, Jaimini A, Bansal A, Tripathi M, Sharma R, Mondal A, Tripathi RP. FDG-PET/CT in lymphoma. Indian J Radiol Imaging 2014; 23:354-65. [PMID: 24604942 PMCID: PMC3932580 DOI: 10.4103/0971-3026.125626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of diseases that arise from the constituent cells of the immune system or from their precursors. 18F-fludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) is now the cornerstone of staging procedures in the state-of-the-art management of Hodgkin's disease and aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. It plays an important role in staging, restaging, prognostication, planning appropriate treatment strategies, monitoring therapy, and detecting recurrence. However, its role in indolent lymphomas is still unclear and calls for further investigational trials. The protean PET/CT manifestations of lymphoma necessitate a familiarity with the spectrum of imaging findings to enable accurate diagnosis. A meticulous evaluation of PET/CT findings, an understanding of its role in the management of lymphomas, and knowledge of its limitations are mandatory for the optimal utilization of this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M D'souza
- Department of PET Imaging, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. SK Majumdar Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Abhinav Jaimini
- Department of PET Imaging, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. SK Majumdar Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Abhishek Bansal
- Department of PET Imaging, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. SK Majumdar Marg, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Rajnish Sharma
- Department of PET Imaging, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. SK Majumdar Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Anupam Mondal
- Department of PET Imaging, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. SK Majumdar Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajendra Prashad Tripathi
- Department of PET Imaging, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. SK Majumdar Marg, New Delhi, India
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Karantanis D, Kalkanis D, Allen-Auerbach MS, Herrmann K, Pomykala KL, Bogsrud TV, Lowe VJ, Czernin J. Oncologic PET/CT interpretation and reporting approaches. Survey in clinical practice. Nuklearmedizin 2014; 53:19-25. [PMID: 24473996 DOI: 10.3413/nukmed-0613-13-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM To elucidate techniques most commonly used for interpreting oncologic PET/CT studies. This survey forms a basis to work on standardization of reporting and highlight the most important issues to be addressed. METHODS A web-based survey of 329 PET/CT imaging specialists was designed with the intent to determine image interpretation patterns. The questionnaire consisted of 19 questions. Of the 329 participants, 230 were nuclear medicine specialists, 46 were radiologists, and 53 had dual-board certification. RESULTS Report ofstandardized uptake values (SUV) is not consistent;only50.2% of respondents always report SUVs, while 45.2% report only if needed or requested. 80.9% of respondents indicated that reporting of SUV is only appropriate when its limitations are understood whereby a large majority prefer to report SUVmax. Maximum intensity projection (MIP) images are almost always reviewed by 91.1% of the respondents. An accurate and detailed clinical history is considered an essential element for reading PET/CT studies by 84.0%, but only 20.7% report that this is always available. The most common self-reported average time for reviewing and reporting of whole body PET/CT (with no prior comparison scan) was 15-20 min (27.5%). CONCLUSION PET readers have considerable reservations regarding the use and reporting of SUVs. SUVmax is more frequently used than SUVmean. Evaluation of MIP images is considered an important element of PET/CT interpretation. Although availability of sufficient patient's history is considered essential, this is rarely available.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Karantanis
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, 200 Medical Plaza, Suite B114, Los Angeles, California 90024, United States, E-mail:
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Tagliabue L, Del Sole A. Appropriate use of positron emission tomography with [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose for staging of oncology patients. Eur J Intern Med 2014; 25:6-11. [PMID: 23910561 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2013.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Revised: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) was developed in the mid-1970, and its initial applications were for heart and brain imaging research. Nowadays, this technology is aimed mainly at staging or restaging tumours as it allows the assessment of biochemical processes that are either specific or associated with tumour biology. The full appreciation of PET potentials and limitations among general practitioners and internists cannot be considered achieved and the appropriate use of PET especially when coupled to X-ray computed tomography (CT) is still suboptimal. The majority of PET studies rely on the use of fluorodeoxyglucose labelled with fluorine-18 (FDG), which is a radiopharmaceutical specific for glucose transport and metabolism. PET with FDG is amenable for studying most type of tumours, including those of the head and neck, lung, oesophagus, colo-rectal, gastrointestinal stromal tumours, pancreas, some types of lymphomas and melanoma, whereas in some tumours, including those of the reproductive system, brain, breast and bones, there is a limited role for PET and there is no substantial role for FDG-PET for the bronchoalveolar, hepatocellular, urinary system, testicular, neuroendocrine, carcinoids and adrenal tumours, differentiated thyroid cancers, and several subtypes of malignant lymphoma. Thus, the limits of FDG have stimulated the use and development of other radiopharmaceuticals. These tracers represent the opportunity for expanding the use of PET to other areas in oncology in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Tagliabue
- Department of Diagnostic Services, Unit of Nuclear Medicine, San Paolo Hospital, Via Antonio di Rudinì, 8, 20142 Milan, Italy.
| | - Angelo Del Sole
- Department of Diagnostic Services, Unit of Nuclear Medicine, San Paolo Hospital, Via Antonio di Rudinì, 8, 20142 Milan, Italy; Department of Health Sciences and Center of Molecular and Cellular Imaging (IMAGO), University of Milan, Italy
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Li M, Wu N, Zheng R, Liang Y, Liu Y, Zhang W, Li N, Zhao P. Primary tumor PET/CT [¹⁸F]FDG uptake is an independent predictive factor for regional lymph node metastasis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Imaging 2013; 12:566-72. [PMID: 23399986 PMCID: PMC3569669 DOI: 10.1102/1470-7330.2012.0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To investigate the correlation between [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in a primary tumor and pathologic N stages, and to further analyze the possible risk factors contributing to the regional lymph node metastasis. Patients and methods: Eighty patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who underwent positron emission tomography/computed tomography were enrolled in the study. The FDG uptake in the primary tumor was compared for the different N staging groups and further correlation was performed. The degree of FDG uptake in the primary tumor and other possible variables related to the incidence of lymph node metastasis were examined by univariate and logistic multivariate analysis. FDG uptake was quantitated using the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax). Results: Statistically significant differences were found in the SUVmax of the primary tumors among different N staging groups (F = 4.124, P = 0.023), and the correlation between them was also statistically significant (r = 0.438, P = 0.000). Univariate analysis showed that blood tumor markers, primary tumor size, histologic grade, and SUVmax of the primary tumor were significantly associated with lymph node involvement. Logistic multivariate analysis showed that blood tumor makers and SUVmax of primary tumor might be considered as significant predictive factors for lymph node metastasis in patients with NSCLC. Conclusion: Our results show that there is a significant relationship between the SUVmax of the primary tumor and the pathologic N stage of NSCLC. FDG uptake by the primary tumor may be an independent predictor of regional lymph node metastasis in patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Cancer Hospital and Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, Peoples Republic of China
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Choi YJ, Shin YD, Kang YH, Lee MS, Lee MK, Cho BS, Kang YJ, Park JS. The Effects of Preoperative (18)F-FDG PET/CT in Breast Cancer Patients in Comparison to the Conventional Imaging Study. J Breast Cancer 2012; 15:441-8. [PMID: 23346174 PMCID: PMC3542853 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2012.15.4.441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Accepted: 11/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE There have been recent studies of the (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and computed tomography ((18)F-FDG PET/CT) in the staging, detection, and follow-up of the breast cancer occurrence and recurrence. There was controversy concerning the use of (18)F-FDG PET/CT for staging primary breast cancer. In this study, we investigated the potential effects of (18)F-FDG PET/CT in the initial assessment of patients with primary breast cancer. METHODS From January 2008 to December 2009, 154 consecutive biopsy-proven invasive breast cancer patients were enrolled in this study. Patients underwent conventional imaging studies including mammography, breast ultrasonography (USG), and magnetic resonance imaging for local assessment, and plain chest X-ray, liver USG, and bone scan to rule out distant metastasis. All 154 patients underwent (18)F-FDG PET/CT in the initial assessment. RESULTS (18)F-FDG PET/CT did not detect primary breast lesions in 16 patients with a sensitivity of 89.6% and detected only 5 multiple lesions (12.5%) out of 40 cases. Histologically confirmed axillary lymph node (LN) metastases were in 51 patients, and the sensitivity and specificity of (18)F-FDG PET/CT to detect metastatic axilla were 37.3% and 95.8%, respectively; whereas the corresponding estimates of USG were 41.2% and 93.7%, respectively. Eleven extra-axillary LN metastases were found in eight patients, and seven lesions were detected by (18)F-FDG PET/CT only. The sensitivity and specificity of (18)F-FDG PET/CT in detecting distant metastasis were 100% and 96.4%, respectively; whereas the sensitivity and specificity of the conventional imaging were 61.5% and 99.2%, respectively. CONCLUSION (18)F-FDG PET/CT cannot be recommended as a primary diagnostic procedure in breast cancer, but it has the potential to be used as an additional imaging tool for the detection of axillary metastasis, distant metastasis, and extra-axillary LN metastasis. (18)F-FDG PET/CT cannot solely replace the conventional diagnostic procedure in primary breast cancer. The best approach may be the combination of different imaging modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Jin Choi
- Department of Surgery, Eulji University Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
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Diagnostic value of combined ¹⁸F-FDG PET/MRI for staging and restaging in paediatric oncology. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2012; 39:1745-55. [PMID: 22926713 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-012-2228-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study compares the diagnostic value of (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) and MRI to combined/registered (18)F-FDG PET/MRI for staging and restaging in paediatric oncology. METHODS Over 8 years and 2 months, 270 (18)F-FDG PET and 270 MRI examinations (mean interval 5 days) were performed in 132 patients with proven (n = 117) or suspected (n = 15) malignant disease: solid tumours (n = 64), systemic malignancy (n = 53) and benign disease (n = 15). A total of 259 suspected tumour lesions were analysed retrospectively during primary diagnosis and 554 lesions during follow-up. Image analysis was performed separately on each modality, followed by analysis of combined and registered (18)F-FDG PET/MRI imaging. RESULTS A total of 813 lesions were evaluated and confirmed by histopathology (n = 158) and/or imaging follow-up (n = 655) after 6 months. In the separate analysis of (18)F-FDG PET and MRI, sensitivity was 86 %/94 % and specificity 85 %/38 %. Combined/registered (18)F-FDG PET/MRI led to a sensitivity of 97 %/97 % and specificity of 81 %/82 %. False-positive results ((18)F-FDG PET n = 69, MRI n = 281, combined (18)F-FDG PET/MRI n = 85, registered (18)F-FDG PET/MRI n = 80) were due to physiological uptake or post-therapeutic changes. False-negative results ((18)F-FDG PET n = 50, MRI n = 20, combined (18)F-FDG PET/MRI n = 11, registered (18)F-FDG PET/MRI n = 11) were based on low uptake or minimal morphological changes. Examination-based evaluation during follow-up showed a sensitivity/specificity of 91 %/81 % for (18)F-FDG PET, 93 %/30 % for MRI and 96 %/72 % for combined (18)F-FDG PET/MRI. CONCLUSION For the detection of single tumour lesions, registered (18)F-FDG PET/MRI proved to be the methodology of choice for adequate tumour staging. In the examination-based evaluation, MRI alone performed better than (18)F-FDG PET and combined/registered imaging during primary diagnosis. At follow-up, however, the examination-based evaluation demonstrated a superiority of (18)F-FDG PET alone.
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Li M, Wu N, Liu Y, Zheng R, Liang Y, Zhang W, Zhao P. Regional nodal staging with 18F-FDG PET–CT in non-small cell lung cancer: Additional diagnostic value of CT attenuation and dual-time-point imaging. Eur J Radiol 2012; 81:1886-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2011.03.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2010] [Revised: 03/20/2011] [Accepted: 03/23/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Abstract
PURPOSE Because of paucity of data available regarding the utility of PET/CT in the diagnosis and staging of patients with olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB), we retrospectively analyzed the efficacy of PET/CT in 9 patients with ONB. MATERIALS AND METHODS Whole-body F-18 FDG PET/CT was performed in 7 patients with newly diagnosed ONB, as well as in 1 patient with recurrence and in 1 patient with remnant tumor. Regional C-11 choline (C-11 CHO) PET/CT was performed in 2 patients with negative F-18 FDG scans. The lesion with intense radiotracer uptake was suggested as positive for tumor and the results of PET/CT were compared with conventional staging examinations. RESULTS F-18 FDG PET/CT was positive in 7/9 (77.7%) patients with ONB. In 2 patients with negative F-18 FDG, the lesions were C-11CHO avid. Both the primary tumors and its invasions were clearly delineated by F-18 FDG or C-11 CHO PET/CT. SUVmax of F-18 FDG in the primary tumor was 6.37 ± 4.22 and did not correlate with lesion size (F-18 FDG/size: r = 0.097, P = 0.820). Whole-body F-18 FDG PET/CT detected parapharyngeal and cervical lymph node metastases in 2 patients, lung metastases in 1 patient, liver metastases in 1 patients, and bone metastases in 2 patients. PET/CT altered the stages of 3 of 9 patients with upstaging in 2 patients and downstaging in 1 patient. CONCLUSIONS PET/CT may be useful for the diagnosis and staging of ONB.
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Preclinical characterization of 18F-D-FPHCys, a new amino acid-based PET tracer. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2011; 39:703-12. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-011-2017-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 11/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Chiaradonna F, Moresco RM, Airoldi C, Gaglio D, Palorini R, Nicotra F, Messa C, Alberghina L. From cancer metabolism to new biomarkers and drug targets. Biotechnol Adv 2011; 30:30-51. [PMID: 21802503 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2011.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2011] [Accepted: 07/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Great interest is presently given to the analysis of metabolic changes that take place specifically in cancer cells. In this review we summarize the alterations in glycolysis, glutamine utilization, fatty acid synthesis and mitochondrial function that have been reported to occur in cancer cells and in human tumors. We then propose considering cancer as a system-level disease and argue how two hallmarks of cancer, enhanced cell proliferation and evasion from apoptosis, may be evaluated as system-level properties, and how this perspective is going to modify drug discovery. Given the relevance of the analysis of metabolism both for studies on the molecular basis of cancer cell phenotype and for clinical applications, the more relevant technologies for this purpose, from metabolome and metabolic flux analysis in cells by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Mass Spectrometry technologies to positron emission tomography on patients, are analyzed. The perspectives offered by specific changes in metabolism for a new drug discovery strategy for cancer are discussed and a survey of the industrial activity already going on in the field is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Chiaradonna
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
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