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Olateju OA, Babalola CP, Olubiyi OO, Kotila OA, Kwasi DA, Oaikhena AO, Okeke IN. Quinoline Antimalarials Increase the Antibacterial Activity of Ampicillin. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:556550. [PMID: 34149629 PMCID: PMC8206527 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.556550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial and malaria co-infections are common in malaria endemic countries and thus necessitate co-administration of antibiotics and antimalarials. There have long been anecdotal clinical reports of interactions between penicillins and antimalarial agents, but the nature and mechanisms of these interactions remain to be investigated. In this study, we employed antimicrobial interaction testing methods to study the effect of two antimalarials on the antibacterial activity of ampicillin in vitro. Paper strip diffusion, a modified disc diffusion and checkerboard methods were used to determine the nature of interactions between ampicillin and quinoline antimalarials, chloroquine and quinine, against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The impact of antimalarials and ampicillin-antimalarial drug combinations on cell integrity of test bacteria were determined by measuring potassium release. The tested antimalarials did not show substantial antibacterial activity but quinine was bactericidal at high concentrations. Chloroquine and quinine increased ampicillin activity, with increasing concentrations extending the antibacterial’s inhibition zones by 2.7-4.4 mm and from 1.1 to over 60 mm, respectively. Observed interactions were largely additive with Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Indices of >0.5-1 for all ampicillin-antimalarial combinations. Quinine and, to a lesser extent, chloroquine increase the activity of ampicillin and potentially other β-lactams, which has implications for combined clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olajumoke A Olateju
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Chinedum P Babalola
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Centre for Drug Discovery Development and Production (CDDDP), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olujide O Olubiyi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Olayinka A Kotila
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Centre for Drug Discovery Development and Production (CDDDP), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - David A Kwasi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Anderson O Oaikhena
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Iruka N Okeke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Said R, Arafat B, Arafat T, Mallah E. An LC-MS/MS Method for Determination of Triple Drugs Combination of Valsartan, Amlodipine and Hydrochlorothiazide in Human Plasma for Bioequivalence Study. CURR PHARM ANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1573412916666191111125807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Current guidelines for the treatment of hypertension recommend combination
therapy, which intends to control blood pressure and enhance cardiovascular protection.
Materials and Methods:
A sensitive, reliable and selective tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)
method has been developed for simultaneous quantification of amlodipine (AML), valsartan (VAL)
and hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) in human plasma. The chromatographic system was equipped with
ACE 5 C8 (50 X 2.1 mm) column and utilized a mobile phase composition of 0.5 mM Ammonium
Chloride & 0.04% FA-Methanol (45:55% v/v). The method used three internal standards; AML-D4,
HCTZ-D2 C13 and VAL-D3 with 10% intra- and inter-day precision, and 6% bias for all the analytes.
Results:
The assay was found to be linear with R-2 > 0.998, and the limits of quantification for AML,
VAL and HCTZ were 0.2, 50.0 and 2.0 ng/mL, respectively. The analytes were found to be stable in
plasma samples over short and long term storage.
:
The developed method is rapid with a run time of 3.5 min and cost-effective since the simple sample
preparation method is adopted. This method was successfully applied for the bioequivalence study of
AML, VAL, and HCTZ in human plasma after administration of the fixed-dose combination tablet of
(10/160/25 mg). Pharmacokinetic parameters (Cmax and AUC0-72) for AML and (Cmax, AUC0-t, AUC0-∞)
for VAL and HCTZ were used for bioequivalence assessment. These were determined by noncompartmental
analysis of concentration data.
Conclusion:
The result showed 90% confidence intervals (obtained by ANOVA) which were within
the predefined ranges. As a consequence, this method can be successfully applied for measuring and
quantifying a large number of samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Said
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Basel Arafat
- Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine and Social Care, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Tawfiq Arafat
- Jordan Center for Pharmaceutical Research (JCPR), Amman, Jordan
| | - Eyad Mallah
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan
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Binh TT, Phuong Tram LT, Van Hop N, Giang Chau ND, Luu ND, Quynh Trang NT. Simultaneous Determination of Hydrochlorothiazide and Losartan Potassium in Pharmaceutical Product by UV-Vis Spectrophotometric Method with Kalman Filter Algorithm. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2021; 2021:2754133. [PMID: 34336356 PMCID: PMC8318744 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2754133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) and losartan potassium (LSP) in tablets are simultaneously determined with UV-Vis spectrophotometry and chemometrics without separation. The spectra of standard and sample solutions were recorded in the wavelength from 220 to 300 nm at 1.0 nm intervals. The concentrations of HCT and LSP in the sample solutions were computed with the Kalman filter algorithm written on the Microsoft Excel 2016 and Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) platform. The method validation was determined via the accuracy and repeatability of measurements when analyzing HCT and LSP in the Splozarsin Plus tablet and comparing the mean values of their contents in the sample with those analyzed with HPLC. The proposed method is simple with a low cost compared with the standard HPLC method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tran Thuc Binh
- University of Sciences, Hue University, Hue 530000, Vietnam
| | | | - Nguyen Van Hop
- University of Sciences, Hue University, Hue 530000, Vietnam
| | | | - Nguyen Duy Luu
- Da Nang University of Medical Technology and Pharmacy, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
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High performance liquid chromatographic assay of amlodipine, valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide simultaneously and its application to pharmaceuticals, urine and plasma analysis. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2020; 1155:122295. [PMID: 32771968 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A Simple, Specific, Precise, Accurate, Linear, Rugged, Robust High Performance Liquid Chromatographic method of analysis for simultaneous determination of assay of Amlodipine, Valsartan and Hydrochlorothiazide drugs in the pharmaceuticals tablet formulations using Pioglitazone as a common internal standard was developed and validated. The assay was accomplished using a mixture of acetonitrile & methanol in the volume ratio of 20:80 v/v (mobile phase B) and Ammonium acetate buffer (Mobile phase A) in gradient flow as mobile phase on an Hibar RP-18e, 250 × 4.6 mm, 5µ as chromatographic column at a flow rate of 1.300 mLmin-1, injection volume 10 µL and at a wavelength 235 nm with UV detector. Linearity of the analytical method was evaluated at a concentration range of 2.5-45.3 µg/ml for Amlodipine, 32.0-720.1 µg/ml for valsartan and 5.0-112.6 µg/ml for Hydrochlorothiazide respectively with Correlation coefficient (r) value more than 0.9997. The limit of detection (LOD) for Amlodipine, Valsartan and Hydrochlorothiazide was found to be 1.1 µg/ml, 8.0 µg/ml & 1.0 µg/ml respectively. Specificity, Method Precision, System Precision, Ruggedness, Robustness, Recovery, Stability of analytical solution, Filter paper selection study, Stress testing (Force Degradation) at various conditions were performed as per the ICH (Q2) recommendations. The chromatographic method may also be applied for simultaneous estimation of analytes in plasma and urine.
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Kokilambigai KS, Kavitha J, Seetharaman R, Lakshmi KS, Sai Susmitha A. Analytical and Bioanalytical Techniques for the Quantification of the Calcium Channel Blocker - Amlodipine: A Critical Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2020; 51:754-786. [PMID: 32506944 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2020.1772036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is a condition in which blood pressure is elevated to an extent where benefit is obtained from blood pressure lowering. The risk of complications is proportional to the level that blood pressure raises. Calcium channel blockers are a class of compounds used in the treatment of hypertension. The dihydropyridine (DHP) group, a subclass of the calcium channel blocker works almost exclusively on L-type calcium channels in the peripheral arterioles and reduce blood pressure by reducing total peripheral resistant. Long acting DHP is preferred because they are more convenient for patients and avoid the large fluctuations in plasma drug concentration which are associated with side effects. Amlodipine is the most distinct DHP and the most popular. The drug was patented in the year 1986 and its commercial sale began by 1990. The current article provides a state of art about the analytical and bioanalytical techniques available for the quantification of drug as a single entity and in combined pharmaceutical formulations between 1989 and 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Kokilambigai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - J Kavitha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Seetharaman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K S Lakshmi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Sai Susmitha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
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Smajić M, Vujić Z. Application of central composite design and structural analysis to the optimization of HPLC method for simultaneous analysis of hydrochlorothiazide, amlodipine besylate and valsartan. MAIN GROUP CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.3233/mgc-180259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miralem Smajić
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tuzla, Univerzitetska, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Zorica Vujić
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe, Belgrade, Serbia
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Pandya JJ, Sanyal M, Shrivastav PS. Simultaneous densitometric analysis of amlodipine, hydrochlorothiazide, lisinopril, and valsartan by HPTLC in pharmaceutical formulations and human plasma. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2017.1324482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jui J. Pandya
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Mallika Sanyal
- Department of Chemistry, St. Xavier’s College, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Pranav S. Shrivastav
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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Sharma C, Badyal PN, Rawal RK. Simultaneous Estimation of Hydrochlorothiazide, Hydralazine Hydrochloride, and Reserpine Using PCA, NAS, and NAS-PCA. Sci Pharm 2015; 83:599-610. [PMID: 26839841 PMCID: PMC4727726 DOI: 10.3797/scipharm.1505-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, new and feasible UV-visible spectrophotometric and multivariate spectrophotometric methods were described for the simultaneous determination of hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), hydralazine hydrochloride (H.HCl), and reserpine (RES) in combined pharmaceutical tablets. Methanol was used as a solvent for analysis and the whole UV region was scanned from 200–400 nm. The resolution was obtained by using multivariate methods such as the net analyte signal method (NAS), principal component analysis (PCA), and net analyte signal-principal component analysis (NAS-PCA) applied to the UV spectra of the mixture. The results obtained from all of the three methods were compared. NAS-PCA showed a lot of resolved data as compared to NAS and PCA. Thus, the NAS-PCA technique is a combination of NAS and PCA methods which is advantageous to obtain the information from overlapping results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetan Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Indo-Soviet Friendship College of Pharmacy (ISFCP), Moga 142001, India
| | - Pragya Nand Badyal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Indo-Soviet Friendship College of Pharmacy (ISFCP), Moga 142001, India
| | - Ravindra K Rawal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Indo-Soviet Friendship College of Pharmacy (ISFCP), Moga 142001, India
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A new, rapid, stability-indicating UPLC method for separation and determination of impurities in amlodipine besylate, valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide in their combined tablet dosage form. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2015; 109:36-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.01.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Ebeid WM, Elkady EF, El‐Zaher AA, El‐Bagary RI, Patonay G. Synchronized separation of seven medications representing most commonly prescribed antihypertensive classes by using reversed‐phase liquid chromatography: Application for analysis in their combined formulations. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:748-57. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201301298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Revised: 01/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Walid M. Ebeid
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry DepartmentFaculty of PharmacyCairo University Cairo Egypt
- Department of ChemistryGeorgia State University Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - Ehab F. Elkady
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry DepartmentFaculty of PharmacyCairo University Cairo Egypt
| | - Asmaa A. El‐Zaher
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry DepartmentFaculty of PharmacyCairo University Cairo Egypt
| | - Ramzia I. El‐Bagary
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry DepartmentFaculty of PharmacyCairo University Cairo Egypt
| | - Gabor Patonay
- Department of ChemistryGeorgia State University Atlanta Georgia USA
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