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Zhou Y, Qiu T, Wang T, Yu B, Xia K, Guo J, Liu Y, Ma X, Zhang L, Zou J, Chen Z, Zhou J. Research progress on the role of mitochondria in the process of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf) 2024; 12:goae066. [PMID: 38912038 PMCID: PMC11193119 DOI: 10.1093/gastro/goae066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
During liver ischemia-reperfusion injury, existing mechanisms involved oxidative stress, calcium overload, and the activation of inflammatory responses involve mitochondrial injury. Mitochondrial autophagy, a process that maintains the normal physiological activity of mitochondria, promotes cellular metabolism, improves cellular function, and facilitates organelle renewal. Mitochondrial autophagy is involved in oxidative stress and apoptosis, of which the PINK1-Parkin pathway is a major regulatory pathway, and the deletion of PINK1 and Parkin increases mitochondrial damage, reactive oxygen species production, and inflammatory response, playing an important role in mitochondrial quality regulation. In addition, proper mitochondrial permeability translational cycle regulation can help maintain mitochondrial stability and mitigate hepatocyte death during ischemia-reperfusion injury. This mechanism is also closely related to oxidative stress, calcium overload, and the aforementioned autophagy pathway, all of which leads to the augmentation of the mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore opening and cause apoptosis. Moreover, the release of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) due to oxidative stress further aggravates mitochondrial function impairment. Mitochondrial fission and fusion are non-negligible processes required to maintain the dynamic renewal of mitochondria and are essential to the dynamic stability of these organelles. The Bcl-2 protein family also plays an important regulatory role in the mitochondrial apoptosis signaling pathway. A series of complex mechanisms work together to cause hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI). This article reviews the role of mitochondria in HIRI, hoping to provide new therapeutic clues for alleviating HIRI in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Zhou
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Tao Qiu
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Tianyu Wang
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Kang Xia
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Jiayu Guo
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Yiting Liu
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxiong Ma
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Long Zhang
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Jilin Zou
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Zhongbao Chen
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Jiangqiao Zhou
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
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Zhang S, Rao S, Yang M, Ma C, Hong F, Yang S. Role of Mitochondrial Pathways in Cell Apoptosis during He-Patic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042357. [PMID: 35216473 PMCID: PMC8877300 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury is a major cause of post-operative hepatic dysfunction and liver failure after transplantation. Mitochondrial pathways can be either beneficial or detrimental to hepatic cell apoptosis during hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury, depending on multiple factors. Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury may be induced by opened mitochondrial permeability transition pore, released apoptosis-related proteins, up-regulated B-cell lymphoma-2 gene family proteins, unbalanced mitochondrial dynamics, and endoplasmic reticulum stress, which are integral parts of mitochondrial pathways. In this review, we discuss the role of mitochondrial pathways in apoptosis that account for the most deleterious effect of hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Zhang
- Experimental Center of Pathogen Biology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (S.Z.); (S.R.); (C.M.)
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Sijing Rao
- Experimental Center of Pathogen Biology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (S.Z.); (S.R.); (C.M.)
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Meiwen Yang
- Department of Surgery, Fuzhou Medical College, Nanchang University, Fuzhou 344099, China;
| | - Chen Ma
- Experimental Center of Pathogen Biology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (S.Z.); (S.R.); (C.M.)
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Fengfang Hong
- Experimental Center of Pathogen Biology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (S.Z.); (S.R.); (C.M.)
- Correspondence: (F.H.); or (S.Y.)
| | - Shulong Yang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Department of Physiology, Fuzhou Medical College, Nanchang University, Fuzhou 344099, China
- Correspondence: (F.H.); or (S.Y.)
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Oprean C, Ivan A, Bojin F, Cristea M, Soica C, Drăghia L, Caunii A, Paunescu V, Tatu C. Selective in vitro anti-melanoma activity of ursolic and oleanolic acids. Toxicol Mech Methods 2018; 28:148-156. [PMID: 28868958 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2017.1373881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Products of natural origin have become important agents in the treatment of cancer, and the active principles of natural sources could be used in combination with chemotherapeutic agents to increase their effects and to minimize their toxicity. Oleanolic (OA) and ursolic (UA) acids are intensely studied for their promising anticancer potential. The aim of this study was focused on the in vitro toxicological effects induced by UA and OA human mesenchymal stem cells and on melanoma, one of the most frequent cancers whose incidence is increasing every year. The two compounds were tested for their cytotoxic, cell cycle arrest and pro-apoptotic effects on melanoma cells (A375 and B164A5) and mesenchymal stem cells. UA exerted a cytotoxic effect in a dose-dependent manner on melanoma cells, while OA's activity has been shown to be low or moderate. Both compounds produced alterations of the cell cycle, arresting cells in the G0/G1 phase. Furthermore, UA induced significant apoptosis through the bcl-2 genes family pathway, with the decrease of the bcl-2 gene expression. The two compounds exerted selective effects on melanoma cells with no effects on human mesenchymal stem cells. The presented results reveal the anticancer potential of UA on melanoma cells, with no detectable toxicity on the mesenchymal stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camelia Oprean
- a Department of Environmental and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Timişoara , Romania
- b 'Pius Brinzeu' Timişoara County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Oncogen Institute , Timişoara , Romania
| | - Alexandra Ivan
- b 'Pius Brinzeu' Timişoara County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Oncogen Institute , Timişoara , Romania
- c Department of Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Timişoara , Romania
| | - Florina Bojin
- b 'Pius Brinzeu' Timişoara County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Oncogen Institute , Timişoara , Romania
- c Department of Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Timişoara , Romania
| | - Mirabela Cristea
- b 'Pius Brinzeu' Timişoara County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Oncogen Institute , Timişoara , Romania
| | - Codruta Soica
- d Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Timişoara , Romania
| | - Lavinia Drăghia
- b 'Pius Brinzeu' Timişoara County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Oncogen Institute , Timişoara , Romania
- c Department of Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Timişoara , Romania
| | - Angela Caunii
- a Department of Environmental and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Timişoara , Romania
| | - Virgil Paunescu
- b 'Pius Brinzeu' Timişoara County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Oncogen Institute , Timişoara , Romania
- c Department of Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Timişoara , Romania
| | - Calin Tatu
- b 'Pius Brinzeu' Timişoara County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Oncogen Institute , Timişoara , Romania
- c Department of Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Timişoara , Romania
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Ethyl pyruvate modulates delayed paralysis following thoracic aortic ischemia reperfusion in mice. J Vasc Surg 2017; 64:1433-1443. [PMID: 27776698 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2015.06.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Delayed paralysis is an unpredictable problem for patients undergoing complex repair of the thoracic/thoracoabdominal aorta. These experiments were designed to determine whether ethyl pyruvate (EP), a potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent, might ameliorate delayed paralysis following thoracic aortic ischemia reperfusion (TAR). METHODS C57BL6 mice were subjected to 5 minutes of thoracic aortic ischemia followed by reperfusion for up to 48 hours. Mice received either 300 mg/kg EP or lactated ringers (LR) at 30 minutes before ischemia and 3 hours after reperfusion. Neurologic function was assessed using an established rodent scale. Spinal cord tissue was analyzed for markers of inflammation (keratinocyte chemoattractant [KC], interleukin-6 [IL-6]), microglial activation (ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule-1 [Iba-1]), and apoptosis (Bcl-2, Bax, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling [TUNEL] staining) at 24 and 48 hours after TAR. Nissl body stained motor neurons were counted in the anterior horns sections from L1-L5 segments. RESULTS Ninety-three percent of the LR mice developed dense delayed paralysis between 40 and 48 hours after TAR, whereas only 39% of EP mice developed delayed paralysis (P < .01). Bcl-2 expression was higher (P < .05) and Iba-1 expression was lower (P < .05) in the EP group only at 24 hours reperfusion. At 48 hours, the number of motor neurons was higher (P < .01) and the number and TUNEL-positive cells was lower (P < .001) in the EP-treated mice. EP decreased the expression of KC (P < .01) and IL-6 (P < .001) at 48 hours after TAR. CONCLUSIONS The protection provided by EP against delayed paralysis correlated with preservation of motor neurons, higher expression of antiapoptotic molecules, decreased microglial cell activation, and decreased spinal cord inflammation. EP may be a treatment for humans at risk for delayed paralysis.
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DNA-damaging drug-induced apoptosis sensitized by N-myc in neuroblastoma cells. Cell Biol Int 2012; 36:331-7. [PMID: 21929510 DOI: 10.1042/cbi20110231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is one of the most common solid tumours in children (8-10% of all malignancies). Over 22% of cases have N-myc amplification associated with aggressively growing neuroblastomas. Oncogene-induced sensitization of cells to apoptosis is an important mechanism for suppression of tumorigenesis. Tumour suppressors often play a critical role in linking oncogenes to apoptotic machinery. For example, activated p53 then targets both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways to promote apoptosis through transcription-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Understanding of the involved mechanisms has important clinical implications. We have employed DNA-damaging drug-induced apoptosis sensitized by oncogene N-myc as a model. DNA damaging drugs trigger high levels of p53, leading to caspase-9 activation in neuroblastoma cells. Inactivation of p53 protects cells from drug-triggered apoptosis sensitized by N-myc. These findings thus define a molecular pathway for mediating DNA-damaging drug-induced apoptosis sensitized by oncogene, and suggest that inactivation of p53 or other components of this apoptotic pathway may confer drug resistance in neuroblastoma cells. The data also suggests that inactivation of apoptotic pathways through co-operating oncogenes may be necessary for the pathogenesis of neuroblastoma with N-myc amplification.
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