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Do HP, Tran BX, Le Pham Q, Nguyen LH, Tran TT, Latkin CA, Dunne MP, Baker PR. Which eHealth interventions are most effective for smoking cessation? A systematic review. Patient Prefer Adherence 2018; 12:2065-2084. [PMID: 30349201 PMCID: PMC6188156 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s169397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To synthesize evidence of the effects and potential effect modifiers of different electronic health (eHealth) interventions to help people quit smoking. METHODS Four databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, and The Cochrane Library) were searched in March 2017 using terms that included "smoking cessation", "eHealth/mHealth" and "electronic technology" to find relevant studies. Meta-analysis and meta-regression analyses were performed using Mantel-Haenszel test for fixed-effect risk ratio (RR) and restricted maximum-likelihood technique, respectively. Protocol Registration Number: CRD42017072560. RESULTS The review included 108 studies and 110,372 participants. Compared to nonactive control groups (eg, usual care), smoking cessation interventions using web-based and mobile health (mHealth) platform resulted in significantly greater smoking abstinence, RR 2.03 (95% CI 1.7-2.03), and RR 1.71 (95% CI 1.35-2.16), respectively. Similarly, smoking cessation trials using tailored text messages (RR 1.80, 95% CI 1.54-2.10) and web-based information and conjunctive nicotine replacement therapy (RR 1.29, 95% CI 1.17-1.43) may also increase cessation. In contrast, little or no benefit for smoking abstinence was found for computer-assisted interventions (RR 1.31, 95% CI 1.11-1.53). The magnitude of effect sizes from mHealth smoking cessation interventions was likely to be greater if the trial was conducted in the USA or Europe and when the intervention included individually tailored text messages. In contrast, high frequency of texts (daily) was less effective than weekly texts. CONCLUSIONS There was consistent evidence that web-based and mHealth smoking cessation interventions may increase abstinence moderately. Methodologic quality of trials and the intervention characteristics (tailored vs untailored) are critical effect modifiers among eHealth smoking cessation interventions, especially for web-based and text messaging trials. Future smoking cessation intervention should take advantages of web-based and mHealth engagement to improve prolonged abstinence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huyen Phuc Do
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia,
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Danang, Vietnam,
| | - Bach Xuan Tran
- Department of Health, Behaviours and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Quyen Le Pham
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Long Hoang Nguyen
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center of Excellence in Behavioral Medicine, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tung Thanh Tran
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Danang, Vietnam,
| | - Carl A Latkin
- Department of Health, Behaviours and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael P Dunne
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia,
- Institute for Community Health Research, Hue University, Hue, Vietnam
| | - Philip Ra Baker
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia,
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Crocamo C, Carretta D, Ferri M, Dias S, Bartoli F, Carrá G. Web- and text-based interventions for smoking cessation: Meta-analysis and meta-regression. DRUGS: EDUCATION, PREVENTION AND POLICY 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09687637.2017.1285867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Crocamo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca , Monza, Italy,
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia , Pavia, Italy,
| | - Daniele Carretta
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca , Monza, Italy,
| | | | - Sonia Dias
- Istituto de Higiene e Medician Tropical Universidade Nova de Lisboa , Lisbon, Portugal, and
| | - Francesco Bartoli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca , Monza, Italy,
| | - Giuseppe Carrá
- Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College of London , London, UK
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Schaub MP, Blankers M, Lehr D, Boss L, Riper H, Dekker J, Goudriaan AE, Maier LJ, Haug S, Amann M, Dey M, Wenger A, Ebert DD. Efficacy of an internet-based self-help intervention to reduce co-occurring alcohol misuse and depression symptoms in adults: study protocol of a three-arm randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e011457. [PMID: 27225652 PMCID: PMC4885516 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the general population, alcohol use disorder and depression more often occur together than any other combination of a mental illness with a substance use disorder. It is important to have a cost-effective intervention that is able to reach at-risk individuals in the early stages of developing alcohol use disorders and depression disorders. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This paper presents the protocol for a 3-arm multicentre randomised controlled trial (RCT) to test the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of the combined internet-based self-help intervention Take Care of You (TCOY) to reduce alcohol misuse and depression symptoms in comparison with a waiting list control group and a comparable intervention focusing on problematic alcohol use only. The active interventions consist of modules designed to reduce alcohol use, based on the principles of motivational interviewing and methods of cognitive behavioural therapy, together with additional modules in the combined study arm to reduce symptoms of depression. Data will be collected at baseline, as well as at 3 and 6 months postrandomisation. The primary outcome is the quantity of alcohol used in the past 7 days. A number of secondary outcome measures will be studied. These include the Centre of Epidemiologic Studies of Depression Scale (CES-D) and a combined measure with the criteria of values below the cut-off for severe alcohol use disorder and for CES-D. Data analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle using (generalised) linear mixed models. In order to investigate the interventions' cost-utility and cost-effectiveness, a full economic evaluation will be performed. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This RCT will be executed in compliance with the Helsinki Declaration and has been approved by 2 local Ethics Committees. Results will be reported at conferences and in peer-reviewed publications. Participant-friendly summaries of trial findings will be published on the TCOY websites. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN10323951.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Schaub
- Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthijs Blankers
- Department of Research, Arkin Mental Health Care, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk Lehr
- Department of Health Psychology and Applied Biological Psychology, Leuphana University Lueneburg, Lueneburg, Germany
| | - Leif Boss
- Division of Health Training Online, Innovation Incubator, Leuphana University Lueneburg, Lueneburg, Germany
| | - Heleen Riper
- Division of Health Training Online, Innovation Incubator, Leuphana University Lueneburg, Lueneburg, Germany
| | - Jack Dekker
- Department of Research, Arkin Mental Health Care, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anna E Goudriaan
- Department of Research, Arkin Mental Health Care, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Larissa J Maier
- Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Severin Haug
- Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Manuel Amann
- Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michelle Dey
- Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Wenger
- Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - David D Ebert
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Mao A, Bottorff JL. A Qualitative Study on Unassisted Smoking Cessation Among Chinese Canadian Immigrants. Am J Mens Health 2016; 11:1703-1712. [PMID: 26819181 DOI: 10.1177/1557988315627140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well-known that majority of smokers worldwide quit smoking without any assistance. This is even more evident among Chinese smokers. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore how Chinese Canadian immigrant men who smoked cigarettes perceived smoking cessation aids and services and how they used any form of the smoking cessation assistance to help them quit smoking. The study was conducted in British Columbia, Canada. Twenty-two Chinese immigrants were recruited by internet advertisement and through connections with local Chinese communities. Ten of the 22 participants were current smokers and the other 12 had quit smoking in the past 5 years. Data were collected using semistructured interviews. Although all participants, including both the ex-smokers and current smokers, had made more than one quit attempt, they rarely used cessation aids or services even after they had immigrated to Canada. The barriers to seeking the cessation assistance were grouped into two categories: practical barriers and cultural barriers. The practical barriers included "Lack of available information on smoking cessation assistance" and "Difficulty in accessing smoking cessation assistance," while cultural barriers included "Denial of physiological addiction to nicotine," "Mistrust in the effectiveness of smoking cessation assistance," "Tendency of self-reliance in solving problems," and "Concern of privacy revelation related to utilization of smoking cessation assistance." The findings revealed Chinese immigrants' unwillingness to use smoking cessation assistance as the result of vulnerability as immigrants and culturally cultivated masculinities of self-control and self-reliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimei Mao
- 1 Kiang Wu Nursing College of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Joan L Bottorff
- 2 University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada.,3 Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
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