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Islam F, Labib RK, Zehravi M, Lami MS, Das R, Singh LP, Mandhadi JR, Balan P, Khan J, Khan SL, Nainu F, Nafady MH, Rab SO, Emran TB, Wilairatana P. Genus Amorphophallus: A Comprehensive Overview on Phytochemistry, Ethnomedicinal Uses, and Pharmacological Activities. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3945. [PMID: 38068582 PMCID: PMC10707911 DOI: 10.3390/plants12233945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
The genus Amorphophallus belongs to the family Araceae. Plants belonging to this genus are available worldwide and have been used in traditional medicines since ancient times, mainly in Ayurveda and Unani medical practices. Amorphophallus species are an abundant source of polyphenolic compounds; these are accountable for their pharmacological properties, such as their analgesic, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, antibacterial, antioxidant, anticancer, antiobesity, and immunomodulatory effects, as well as their ability to prevent gastrointestinal disturbance and reduce blood glucose. Moreover, Amorphophallus species contain numerous other classes of chemical compounds, such as alkaloids, steroids, fats and fixed oils, tannins, proteins, and carbohydrates, each of which contributes to the pharmacological effects for the treatment of acute rheumatism, tumors, lung swelling, asthma, vomiting, abdominal pain, and so on. Additionally, Amorphophallus species have been employed in numerous herbal formulations and pharmaceutical applications. There has been no extensive review conducted on the Amorphophallus genus as of yet, despite the fact that several experimental studies are being published regularly discussing these plants' pharmacological properties. So, this review discusses in detail the pharmacological properties of Amorphophallus species. We also discuss phytochemical constituents in the Amorphophallus species and their ethnomedicinal uses and toxicological profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahadul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (F.I.); (T.B.E.)
| | - Rafiuddin Khan Labib
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Mehrukh Zehravi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Dentistry & Pharmacy, Buraydah Private Colleges, Buraydah 51418, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mashia Subha Lami
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Rajib Das
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Laliteshwar Pratap Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Narayan Institute of Pharmacy, Gopal Narayan Singh University, Sasaram 821305, India
| | - Jithendar Reddy Mandhadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Assam Down Town University (AdtU), Gandhinagar 781026, India
| | - P. Balan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Erode College of Pharmacy, Erode 638112, India
| | - Jishan Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Sharuk L. Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, N.B.S. Institute of Pharmacy, Ausa 413520, India
| | - Firzan Nainu
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
| | - Mohamed H. Nafady
- Faculty of Applied Health Science Technology, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza 12568, Egypt
| | - Safia Obaidur Rab
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (F.I.); (T.B.E.)
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Legorreta Cancer Center, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Polrat Wilairatana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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Wiart C, Kathirvalu G, Raju CS, Nissapatorn V, Rahmatullah M, Paul AK, Rajagopal M, Sathiya Seelan JS, Rusdi NA, Lanting S, Sulaiman M. Antibacterial and Antifungal Terpenes from the Medicinal Angiosperms of Asia and the Pacific: Haystacks and Gold Needles. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093873. [PMID: 37175283 PMCID: PMC10180233 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This review identifies terpenes isolated from the medicinal Angiosperms of Asia and the Pacific with antibacterial and/or antifungal activities and analyses their distribution, molecular mass, solubility, and modes of action. All data in this review were compiled from Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, ChemSpider, PubChem, and library searches from 1968 to 2022. About 300 antibacterial and/or antifungal terpenes were identified during this period. Terpenes with a MIC ≤ 2 µg/mL are mostly amphiphilic and active against Gram-positive bacteria, with a molecular mass ranging from about 150 to 550 g/mol, and a polar surface area around 20 Ų. Carvacrol, celastrol, cuminol, dysoxyhainic acid I, ent-1β,14β-diacetoxy-7α-hydroxykaur-16-en-15-one, ergosterol-5,8-endoperoxide, geranylgeraniol, gossypol, 16α-hydroxy-cleroda-3,13 (14)Z-diene-15,16-olide, 7-hydroxycadalene, 17-hydroxyjolkinolide B, (20R)-3β-hydroxy-24,25,26,27-tetranor-5α cycloartan-23,21-olide, mansonone F, (+)-6,6'-methoxygossypol, polygodial, pristimerin, terpinen-4-ol, and α-terpineol are chemical frameworks that could be candidates for the further development of lead antibacterial or antifungal drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Wiart
- Institute for Tropical Biology & Conservation, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Malaysia
| | - Geethanjali Kathirvalu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Chandramathi Samudi Raju
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Veeranoot Nissapatorn
- Research Excellence Centre for Innovation and Health Products (RECIHP), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Mohammed Rahmatullah
- Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, University of Development Alternative, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Alok K Paul
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia
| | - Mogana Rajagopal
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | | | - Nor Azizun Rusdi
- Institute for Tropical Biology & Conservation, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Malaysia
| | - Scholastica Lanting
- Institute for Tropical Biology & Conservation, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Malaysia
| | - Mazdida Sulaiman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
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Adel IM, ElMeligy MF, Abdelkhalek AA, Elkasabgy NA. Design and characterization of highly porous curcumin loaded freeze-dried wafers for wound healing. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 164:105888. [PMID: 34044118 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.105888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this research was to evaluate the beneficial effects of topical curcumin loaded freeze-dried wafers in wound healing. Curcumin wafers were fabricated by cross-linking of chitosan with beta glycerophosphate under magnetic stirring. Composite wafers were prepared by the addition of sodium hyaluronate. Wafers were fabricated by freeze-drying technique. The resulted wafers were examined by naked eye and their dimensions were measured using a caliper. % Drug content, in-vitro release and % water uptake tests were conducted to characterize the fabricated wafers. Porosity testing, compressive mechanical behavior, morphological examination using scanning electron microscopy, thermal behavior using differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were all carried out on the optimized cross-linked wafers followed by their microbiological assays and cytotoxicity studies. The results showed that the optimized wafers possessed high water uptake capabilities while entertaining very high porosity levels (86-89%). Microbiological assay revealed the superiority of the selected curcumin wafers versus free curcumin in bacterial growth inhibition against Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteria. The anti-inflammatory effects of the selected curcumin wafers were evaluated against pro-inflammatory cytokines. The results suggested that they were significantly better than free curcumin in lowering cytokines levels. To conclude, the obtained findings revealed that curcumin wafers offered a promising solution in the field of wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Islam M Adel
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed F ElMeligy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - AbdelFattah A Abdelkhalek
- Department of Microbiology of Supplementary General Science, Faculty of Oral & Dental Medicine, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nermeen A Elkasabgy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
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Vijayakumar G, BS M. A potential biopesticide from
Amorphophallus paeoniifolious
to increase the shelf life of stored food grains. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.15121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gayathri Vijayakumar
- Department of Biotechnology Rajalakshmi Engineering College Chennai Tamil Nadu India
| | - MohanKumar BS
- Department of Biotechnology Rajalakshmi Engineering College Chennai Tamil Nadu India
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Devaraj RD, Reddy CK, Xu B. Health-promoting effects of konjac glucomannan and its practical applications: A critical review. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 126:273-281. [PMID: 30586587 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is a dietary fiber hydrocolloidal polysaccharide isolated from the tubers of Amorphophallus konjac. Over the last few decades, the purified KGM has been offered as a food additive as well as a dietary supplement in many countries. Also, a diet containing konjac flour or KGM is considered as healthier, and these foods are popular in many Asian and European markets. Further, due to the adhesive property of KGM, it can form a defensive covering on the surface of the intestine. Additionally, KGM can reduce the levels of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and blood pressure and can enable weight loss. Its wide-ranging effects prevent many chronic diseases through the regulation of metabolism. In this review, the recent studies on the health benefits such as anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, laxative, prebiotic, and anti-inflammatory activities of KGM were discussed. Also, this review deals with the applications of KGM and its derivatives in bio-technical, pharmaceutical, tissue engineering, fine chemical fields, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramya Devi Devaraj
- Food Science and Technology Program, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519087, China
| | - Chagam Koteswara Reddy
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
| | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Program, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519087, China.
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Mycobiomes of sympatric Amorphophallus albispathus (Araceae) and Camellia sinensis (Theaceae) – a case study reveals clear tissue preferences and differences in diversity and composition. Mycol Prog 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-018-1375-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Dey YN, Sharma G, Wanjari MM, Kumar D, Lomash V, Jadhav AD. Beneficial effect of Amorphophallus paeoniifolius tuber on experimental ulcerative colitis in rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:53-62. [PMID: 27600166 PMCID: PMC7011945 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1226904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The tuber of Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Dennst.) Nicolson (Araceae), commonly called Suran or Jimmikand, has high medicinal value and is used ethnomedicinally for the treatment of different gastrointestinal and inflammatory disorders. OBJECTIVE The present study evaluated the effects of extracts of Amorphophallus paeoniifolius tubers on acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Wistar rats were orally administered methanol extract (APME) or aqueous extract (APAE) (250 and 500 mg/kg) or standard drug, prednisolone (PRDS) (4 mg/kg) for 7 days. On 6th day of treatment, UC was induced by transrectal instillation of 4% acetic acid (AA) and after 48 h colitis was assessed by measuring colitis parameters, biochemical estimations and histology of colon. RESULTS APME or APAE pretreatment significantly (p < .05-.001) prevented AA-induced reduction in body weight and increase in colitis parameters viz. stool consistency, colon weight/length ratio and ulcer score, area and index. Extracts treatment attenuated (p < .001) increase in alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase in serum and myeloperoxidase activity and cytokines in colon tissue due to AA administration. Extracts treatment prevented AA-induced elevation in lipid peroxidation and decline in activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase and reduced-glutathione content (p < .05-.001) along with histopathological alterations. PRDS also showed similar ameliorative effect on colitis. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION APME and APAE showed a preventive effect on UC, and ameliorated inflammation and oxidative damage in colon. The effects may be attributed to presence of phytochemicals, betulinic acid, β-sitosterol, and glucomannan. In conclusion, the tuber of Amorphophallus paeoniifolius exhibited an anticolitic effect through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadu Nandan Dey
- National Research Institute for
Ayurveda-Siddha Human Resource Development, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh,
India, (Under Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences,
Ministry of AYUSH, New Delhi, India)
- Centre for Advanced Research in Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Shobhit University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh,
India
| | - Garima Sharma
- School of Studies in Biomedical Technology,
Jiwaji University, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Manish M. Wanjari
- National Research Institute for
Ayurveda-Siddha Human Resource Development, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh,
India, (Under Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences,
Ministry of AYUSH, New Delhi, India)
| | - Dharmendra Kumar
- Centre for Advanced Research in Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Shobhit University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh,
India
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI
University, Kaula Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Vinay Lomash
- Shriram Institute for Industrial
Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Ankush D. Jadhav
- National Research Institute for
Ayurveda-Siddha Human Resource Development, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh,
India, (Under Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences,
Ministry of AYUSH, New Delhi, India)
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Dey YN, Mahor S, Kumar D, Wanjari M, Gaidhani S, Jadhav A. Gastrokinetic activity of Amorphophallus paeoniifolius tuber in rats. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE RESEARCH 2016; 5:36-42. [PMID: 27069720 PMCID: PMC4805145 DOI: 10.5455/jice.20151211063819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM The tuber of Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Family-Araceae), commonly called suran or jimikand, has medicinal and food value. It is used in ethnomedicinal practices for correction of gastrointestinal disturbances such as constipation and hemorrhoids. The present study evaluated the effect of A. paeoniifolius tuber on gastrointestinal motor functions. MATERIALS AND METHODS The tuber was collected in December 2011, and its methanolic extract was standardized with the major phenolic compound, betulinic acid, by high-performance liquid chromatography. Rats were orally administered methanolic (APME) or aqueous (APAE) extract (250 and 500 mg/kg, each) of tuber for 7 days. Metoclopramide (MET) (3 mg/kg, orally) was used a reference prokinetic drug. The gastrointestinal parameters viz. number of feces, wet and dry weight and moisture content of feces, gastric emptying, and intestinal transit were evaluated. The isolated tissue preparations were used to check the effect of the extracts on fundus and intestinal contractility. The glucomannan and total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined spectrophotometrically. RESULTS The pre-treatment of extracts significantly increased the number of feces, wet and dry weight of feces, moisture content, gastric emptying, and intestinal transit. Results were comparable to MET. Further, APME and APAE showed a contraction of fundus and ileum in isolated preparations. APME and APAE were also found to have fair amount of glucomannan, total phenolics, and flavonoids. The results indicate the gastrokinetic potential of the tuber extracts. This may be attributed to the presence of glucomannan and betulinic acid present in the extracts. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the tuber of A. paeoniifolius exhibits gastrokinetic activity and substantiates its traditional use in gastrointestinal motor disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadu Nandan Dey
- Department of Pharmacology, National Research Institute for Ayurveda-Siddha Human Resource Development, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India and Centre for Advanced Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shobhit University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shivani Mahor
- Department of Biotechnology, Government Kamla Raja Girls Post Graduate (Autonomous) College, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia and Centre for Advanced Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shobhit University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manish Wanjari
- Department of Pharmacology, National Research Institute for Ayurveda-Siddha Human Resource Development, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sudesh Gaidhani
- Department of Pharmacology, Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ankush Jadhav
- Department of Dravyaguna Vigyan, National Research Institute for Ayurveda-Siddha Human Resource Development, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Phytochemical screening and in vitro bioactivities of the extracts of aerial part of Boerhavia diffusa Linn. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2015; 2:673-8. [PMID: 23569993 DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(12)60208-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Revised: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 01/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the bioactivities of crude n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of aerial part of Boerhavia diffusa Linn. (B. diffusa) and its phytochemical analysis. METHODS The identification of phytoconstituents and assay of antioxidant, thrombolytic, cytotoxic, antimicrobial activities were conducted using specific standard in vitro procedures. RESULTS The results showed that the plant extracts were a rich source of phytoconstituents. Methanol extract showed higher antioxidant, thrombolytic activity and less cytotoxic activity than those of n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts of B. diffusa. Among the bioactivities, antioxidant activity was the most notable compared to the positive control and thus could be a potential rich source of natural antioxidant. In case of antimicrobial screening, crude extracts of the plant showed remarkable antibacterial activity against tested microorganisms. All the extracts showed significant inhibitory activity against Candida albicuns, at a concentration of 1000 µg/disc. CONCLUSIONS The present findings suggest that, the plant widely available in Bangladesh, could be a prominent source of medicinally important natural compounds.
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Koolen HH, Soares ER, da Silva FM, de Oliveira AA, de Souza AQ, de Medeiros LS, Rodrigues-Filho E, Cavalcanti BC, Pessoa CO, Moraes MO, Salvador MJ, de Souza AD. Mauritic acid: a new dammarane triterpene from the roots ofMauritia flexuosaL.f. (Arecaceae). Nat Prod Res 2013; 27:2118-25. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2013.793685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Hassanzadeh F, Jafari E, Hakimelahi G, Khajouei MR, Jalali M, Khodarahmi G. Antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic evaluation of some new quinazolinone derivatives. Res Pharm Sci 2012; 7:87-94. [PMID: 23181085 PMCID: PMC3501904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Quinazolinone ring system is renown because of its wide spectrum of pharmacological activities due to various substitutions on this ring system. In this study, the minimum inhibitory concentration of the synthesized compounds in our laboratory was determined by micro dilution Alamar Blue(®) Assay against six strains of bacteria (three Gram-positive and three Gram-negative) and three strains of fungi. Following a broth micro dilution minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test, Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) tests were performed. Cytotoxic effects of the compounds were measured using the MTT colorimetric assay on HeLa cell line. Results of antimicrobial screening showed that compounds had better bacteriostatic activity against Gram-negative bacteria. Results from MBC revealed that these compounds had more significant bacteriostatic than bactericidal activities. Nearly all screened compounds showed good activity against C. albicans and A. niger. Results from MFC indicated that these compounds had better fungistatic rather than fungicidal activities. The synthesized target molecules were found to exhibit different cytotoxicity in the range of 10 to 100 μM on HeLa cell line. Compounds 6 and 7 exhibited acceptable cytotoxicity approximately 50% at 10 μM concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Hassanzadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R.Iran
| | - E. Jafari
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R.Iran
| | - G.H. Hakimelahi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R.Iran
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - M. Rahmani Khajouei
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R.Iran
| | - M. Jalali
- Department of Nutrition, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R.Iran
| | - G.A. Khodarahmi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R.Iran
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Negi PS. Plant extracts for the control of bacterial growth: efficacy, stability and safety issues for food application. Int J Food Microbiol 2012; 156:7-17. [PMID: 22459761 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2012.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 306] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2011] [Revised: 03/02/2012] [Accepted: 03/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The microbial safety of foods continues to be a major concern to consumers, regulatory agencies and food industries throughout the world. Many food preservation strategies have been used traditionally for the control of microbial spoilage in foods but the contamination of food and spoilage by microorganisms is a problem yet to be controlled adequately. Although synthetic antimicrobials are approved in many countries, the recent trend has been for use of natural preservatives, which necessitates the exploration of alternative sources of safe, effective and acceptable natural preservatives. Plants contain innumerable constituents and are valuable sources of new and biologically active molecules possessing antimicrobial properties. Plants extracts either as standardized extracts or as a source of pure compounds provide unlimited opportunities for control of microbial growth owing to their chemical diversity. Many plant extracts possess antimicrobial activity against a range of bacteria, yeast and molds, but the variations in quality and quantity of their bioactive constituents is the major detriments in their food use. Further, phytochemicals added to foods may be lost by various processing techniques. Several plant extracts or purified compounds intended for food use have been consumed by humans for thousands of years, but typical toxicological information is not available for them. Although international guidelines exist for the safety evaluation of food additives, owing to problems in standardization of plant extracts, typical toxicological values have not been assigned to them. Development of cost effective isolation procedures that yield standardized extracts as well as safety and toxicology evaluation of these antimicrobials requires a deeper investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Singh Negi
- Human Resource Development Department, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore 570020, India.
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Dey YN, Ota S, Srikanth N, Jamal M, Wanjari M. A phytopharmacological review on an important medicinal plant - Amorphophallus paeoniifolius. Ayu 2012; 33:27-32. [PMID: 23049180 PMCID: PMC3456858 DOI: 10.4103/0974-8520.100303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Amorphophallus paeoniifolius is used for long period in various chronic diseases therapeutically. Aim of the current review is to search literature for the pharmacological properties, safety/toxicity studies, pharmacognostic studies and phytochemical investigation of Amorphophallus paeoniifolius tuber. The compiled data may be helpful for the researchers to focus on the priority areas of research yet to be discovered. Complete information about the plant has been collected from various books, journals and Ayurvedic classical texts like Samhitas, Nighantus etc. Journals of the last 20 years were searched. Particulars of pharmacological activities, phytochemical isolation, toxicity studies etc. were extracted from the published reports focussing on the safety profile of the plant. Safety of the whole plant was concluded in the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadu Nandan Dey
- Senior Research Fellow, Pharmacology Section, National Research Institute for Ayurveda-Siddha Human Resource Development (Under CCRAS, New Delhi), Aamkho, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sarada Ota
- Research Officer (Scientist 2), Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Janakpuri, New Delhi, India
| | - N. Srikanth
- Assistant Director (Ayurveda), Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Janakpuri, New Delhi, India
| | - Mahvish Jamal
- Lecturer, Sunrise Academy Management Society, College of Pharmacy, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Manish Wanjari
- Research Officer (Scientist 2), National Research Institute for Ayurveda-Siddha Human Resource Development, (Under CCRAS, New Delhi), Aamkho, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Hurkadale PJ, Shelar PA, Palled SG, Mandavkar YD, Khedkar AS. Hepatoprotective activity of Amorphophallus paeoniifolius tubers against paracetamol-induced liver damage in rats. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(12)60167-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Apu A, Muhit M, Tareq S, Pathan A, Jamaluddin A, Ahmed M. Antimicrobial Activity and Brine Shrimp Lethality Bioassay of the Leaves Extract of Dillenia indica Linn. J Young Pharm 2011; 2:50-3. [PMID: 21331191 PMCID: PMC3035885 DOI: 10.4103/0975-1483.62213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The crude methanolic extract of Dillenia indica Linn. (Dilleniaceae) leaves has been investigated for the evaluation of antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities. Organic solvent (n-hexane, carbon tetrachloride and chloroform) fractions of methanolic extract and methanolic fraction (aqueous) were screened for their antimicrobial activity by disc diffusion method. Besides, the fractions were screened for cytotoxic activity using brine shrimp (Artemia salina) lethality bioassay. Among the four fractions tested, n-hexane, carbon tetrachloride, and chloroform fractions showed moderate antibacterial and antifungal activity compared to standard antibiotic, kanamycin. The average zone of inhibition was ranged from 6 to 8 mm at a concentration of 400 µg/disc. But the aqueous fraction was found to be insensitive to microbial growth. Compared to vincristine sulfate (with LC(50) of 0.52 µg/ ml), n-hexane and chloroform fractions demonstrated a significant cytotoxic activity (having LC(50) of 1.94 µg/ml and 2.13 µg/ml, respectively). The LC(50) values of the carbon tetrachloride and aqueous fraction were 4.46 µg/ml and 5.13 µg/ ml, respectively. The study confirms the moderate antimicrobial and potent cytotoxic activities of Dillenia indica leaves extract and therefore demands the isolation of active principles and thorough bioassay.
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Affiliation(s)
- As Apu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
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Gohari A, Saeidnia S, Mollazadeh K, Yassa N, Malmir M, Shahverdi A. Isolation of a new quinic acid derivative and its antibacterial modulating activity. Daru 2010; 18:69-73. [PMID: 22615597 PMCID: PMC3232090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2009] [Revised: 01/31/2010] [Accepted: 02/06/2010] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The species Hymenocrater calycinus, belongs to the plant family Lamiaceae and grows wildly in the north-east of Iran. Previously, the antimicrobial activity of the plant extracts was reported. In the present study, the bioactivity-guided fractionation of the methanol extract of H. calycinus and the combination effects of the isolated compound with cell wall active agents against S. aureus and E. coli was investigated. METHODS Column and thin layer chromatographic methods were used for isolation and purification and spectroscopic data (MS, (1)H- and (13)C-NMR, HMQC, HMBC and (1)H-(1)H COSY) were employed for identification of the compound isolated from the extract. A disk diffusion method was used to determine the antibacterial activity of the isolated compound against S. aureus and E. coli in comparison with 7 different antibiotics. RESULTS The isolated compound 1 was identified as 3-(3, 4- dihydroxyphenyl) lactic acid 2-O-quinic acid. Compound 1 (500 µg/disc) enhanced antibacterial effect of ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, vancomycin and cefepime against S. aureus and activated the effects of ampicillin and vancomycin against E. coli. CONCLUSION Results showed that the compound 1 was not active against both tested strains at any concentration below 1 mg/disk, and as a result the enhancing effect of the compound could be due its association with antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - K. Mollazadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Research Center
| | - N. Yassa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - A.R. Shahverdi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Research Center
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Haque M, Ullah MO, Nahar K. In vitro antibacterial and cytotoxic activities of different parts of plant Swietenia mahagony. Pak J Biol Sci 2009; 12:599-602. [PMID: 19580018 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2009.599.602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Crude extracts from different parts (leaf, bark and seed) of Swietenia mahagony (Family: Meliaceae) were screened for their antibacterial activity against 4 Gram positive and 8 Gram negative bacteria. Disc diffusion technique was used for in vitro screening. Among the crude extracts, chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts of leaf and bark showed good activity against all the tested organisms. The chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts of seed exhibited little or positive effect against most of the tested bacteria. The activities were compared to a standard antibiotic-kanamycin. Cytotoxic activity of crude extracts were determined using brine shrimp lethality bioassay and standard vincristine sulphate was used as positive control. The chloroform extract of seed and ethyl acetate extract of bark showed good cytotoxic activities and the LC50 values were found 13.75 and 11.64 microg mL(-1), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Haque
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Banani, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Ara N, Nur MH, Amran MS, Wahid MII, Ahmed M. In vitro antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of leaves and flowers extracts from Lippia alba. Pak J Biol Sci 2009; 12:87-90. [PMID: 19579925 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2009.87.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The research was conducted to investigate the in vitro antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of leaves and flowers extract extracted from Lippia alba. Disc diffusion technique was used for in vitro antibacterial and antifungal screening. Zones of inhibition were observed in disc diffusion for antibacterial screening against 4 Gram-positive pathogenic and 6 Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria. Among crude extracts chloroform extract showed good activity against all test organisms. A Large zone of inhibition was observed (18 mm) against Vibrio parahaemolyticus. In antifungal screening, the compound showed mild to moderate zones of inhibition against four tested organisms. A Large zone of inhibition was observed against Aspergillus niger (13 mm). Cytotoxic activities of crude extracts were determined using Brine shrimp lethality Bioassay and LC50 values of standard Vincristin sulphate as positive control, n-hexane and crude ethanol extracts were found to be 5, 15 and 20 microg mL(-1), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ara
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Southeast, Dhaka-1213, Bangladesh
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