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Besag FMC, Vasey MJ, Salim I, Hollis C. Tardive Dyskinesia with Antipsychotic Medication in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Literature Review. Drug Saf 2024:10.1007/s40264-024-01446-0. [PMID: 38862692 DOI: 10.1007/s40264-024-01446-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a persisting, and potentially irreversible, movement disorder associated with treatment with dopamine receptor antagonists. Few data are available on the risk of TD in children and adolescents treated with antipsychotic medication. OBJECTIVE To review the literature on incidence, risk factors, and treatment options for antipsychotic-associated TD in children and adolescents (aged < 18 years). METHODS Relevant articles were identified through a systematic search of Embase and Medline performed in January 2024. Methodological quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tools. RESULTS Thirteen studies were identified. The reported TD point prevalence was 5-20%, with higher rates in studies involving typical antipsychotics. Lower estimates (around 1%) emerged from analyses of clinical database data suggesting underdiagnosis in clinical practice. Risk factors included treatment with typical antipsychotics, higher doses, longer duration of exposure, older age, female gender, higher baseline Abnormal Involuntary Movements Scale (AIMS) scores, intellectual impairment, and perinatal complications. CONCLUSION Although relatively few cases have been reported in children and adolescents, TD remains a risk in this population. Individuals receiving antipsychotics should be monitored carefully for the emergence of abnormal movements. Other than dose reduction, discontinuation, or switch to a lower-risk antipsychotic, few interventions have demonstrated efficacy. The strongest evidence for pharmacological treatment is for VMAT-2 inhibitors (valbenazine and deutetrabenazine), but these drugs are not licensed for use in children. To reduce risk, antipsychotics should be prescribed only if necessary, at the minimum effective dose and for the minimum necessary duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank M C Besag
- East London NHS Foundation Trust, 9 Rush Court, Bedford, MK40 3JT, UK.
- University College London, London, UK.
- King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Michael J Vasey
- East London NHS Foundation Trust, 9 Rush Court, Bedford, MK40 3JT, UK
| | - Iffah Salim
- East London NHS Foundation Trust, Newham, London, UK
| | - Chris Hollis
- Institute of Mental Health, School of Medicine, NIHR MindTech HealthTech Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Innovation Park, Triumph Road, Nottingham, UK
- Institute of Mental Health, NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Innovation Park, Triumph Road, Nottingham, UK
- Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Kundu A, Sultana N, Felsky D, Moraes TJ, Selby P, Chaiton M. An overview of systematic reviews on predictors of smoking cessation among young people. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299728. [PMID: 38466736 PMCID: PMC10927074 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the factors that influence smoking cessation among young people is crucial for planning targeted cessation approaches. The objective of this review was to comprehensively summarize evidence for predictors of different smoking cessation related behaviors among young people from currently available systematic reviews. We searched six databases and reference lists of the included articles for studies published up to October 20, 2023. All systematic reviews summarizing predictors of intention to quit smoking, quit attempts, or smoking abstinence among people aged 10-35 years were included. We excluded reviews on effectiveness of smoking cessation intervention; smoking prevention and other smoking behaviors; cessation of other tobacco products use, dual use, and polysubstance use. We categorized the identified predictors into 5 different categories for 3 overlapping age groups. JBI critical appraisal tool and GRADE-CERqual approach were used for quality and certainty assessment respectively. A total of 11 systematic reviews were included in this study; all summarized predictors of smoking abstinence/quit attempts and two also identified predictors of intention to quit smoking. Seven reviews had satisfactory critical appraisal score and there was minimal overlapping between the reviews. We found 4 'possible' predictors of intention to quit smoking and 119 predictors of smoking abstinence/quit attempts. Most of these 119 predictors were applicable for ~10-29 years age group. We had moderate confidence on the 'probable', 'possible', 'insufficient evidence', and 'inconsistent direction' predictors and low confidence on the 'probably unrelated' factors. The 'probable' predictors include a wide variety of socio-demographic factors, nicotine dependence, mental health, attitudes, behavioral and psychological factors, peer and family related factors, and jurisdictional policies. These predictors can guide improvement of existing smoking cessation interventions or planning of new targeted intervention programs. Other predictors as well as predictors of intention to quit smoking need to be further investigated among adolescents and young adults separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anasua Kundu
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - Nahid Sultana
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Daniel Felsky
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Theo J. Moraes
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids), Toronto, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Peter Selby
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Michael Chaiton
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Kachabian S, Seyedmajidi S, Tahani B, Naghibi Sistani MM. Effectiveness of educational strategies to teach evidence-based dentistry to undergraduate dental students: a systematic review. Evid Based Dent 2024; 25:53-54. [PMID: 38182660 DOI: 10.1038/s41432-023-00958-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Evidence-based dentistry (EBD) training has been widely promoted in dental schools around the world and policymakers ask for suitable strategies to teach EBD within undergraduate dental education. The present study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of these strategies on dental students' knowledge, attitude, and skills. METHODS PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Eric databases were searched using search terms obtained from Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms and free text method without time restrictions, up to November 2022. The identified articles were screened based on titles and abstracts for inclusion criteria. Subsequently, relevant articles underwent data extraction. Finally, the risk of bias was assessed through Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklists. RESULTS Twelve of 439 studies were included: nine quasi-experimental studies, two cross-sectional, and one randomized controlled trial study. Regarding the overlap among categories, six studies assessed knowledge, seven assessed attitude, and eight focused on skills or performance in EBD. Due to the heterogeneity of the interventions and results of included studies, a meta-analysis was not performed. EBD was mostly taught in small group collaborations. Interventions included lectures, workshops, seminars, small group sessions, journal clubs, online sessions, or a combination of them in various frequencies and duration. CONCLUSIONS EBD implementation into dental curricula is improving through strategies including designing continuing and frequent dental education courses, establishing collaborative student research groups, utilizing online tools for EBD education, and dividing EBD courses into shorter modules. The systematic review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (ID: CRD42022350238).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sareh Kachabian
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Seyedali Seyedmajidi
- Dental Materials Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Bahareh Tahani
- Department of Oral Public Health, Dental Research Center, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Boadu I, Manu A, Aryeetey RNO, Kesse KA, Abdulai M, Acheampong E, Akparibo R. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy among HIV patients in Ghana: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 3:e0002448. [PMID: 37910452 PMCID: PMC10619784 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0002448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining a high level of adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is critical to limiting rapid viral replication, drug resistance, and viral transmission. However, ART adherence remains a major challenge in HIV/AIDS treatment success. This systematic review and meta-analysis was aimed to synthesize available evidence on adherence to ART among HIV/AIDS patients in Ghana.This review followed the preferred reporting item for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) criteria. A comprehensive literature search was done using five online databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Medline, Africa Index Medicus, and Willey Online Library) from 25th- 30th April 2023 to identify potential studies. In addition, references of related articles were manually searched to further identify relevant studies. Search records were managed in Endnote library where duplicates were removed prior to screening. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they were conducted in Ghana, designed as an observational or experimental study, and explicitly measured adherence to ART, either as a primary or secondary outcome. Studies were excluded if the proportion or prevalence of adherence to ART was not reported.A total number of 126 potential studies were identified from the literature search. Of these, 14 met the inclusion criteria and were included in the Meta-analysis. The studies involved a total number of 4,436 participants. The pooled estimate of adherence to ART was 70% (CI: 58-81%). In subgroup analysis, adolescents and young adults had a lower adherence rate (66%, CI: 46-84%) compared with adults (70%; CI: 58-81%). Publication bias was not observed among studies. The pooled estimate of optimal adherence to ART among HIV patients in Ghana was lower than is recommended (≥95%) to achieve viral suppression. Adherence was lower among young persons living with HIV/AIDS. To achieve the United Nation's Sustainable development goals and the UNAIDS "95-95-95" targets, there is a need to focus on improving adherence interventions among persons living with HIV/AIDS, especially among the younger cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Boadu
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, School of Public Health, Legon, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Adom Manu
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, School of Public Health, Legon, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Richmond Nii Okai Aryeetey
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, School of Public Health, Legon, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Kwame Adjei Kesse
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, School of Public Health, Legon, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Marijanatu Abdulai
- Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, School of Public Health, Legon, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- Ghana National AIDS/STI Control Programme (NACP), Accra, Ghana
| | - Emmanuel Acheampong
- Institute of Precision Health, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Akparibo
- School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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Kosiyaporn H, Phaiyarom M, Uansri S, Kunpeuk W, Julchoo S, Sinam P, Pudpong N, Suphanchaimat R. Characteristics of distance education interventions and related outcomes in primary school children during COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286674. [PMID: 37831672 PMCID: PMC10575523 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic containment measures such as school closures remarkably disrupt the educational system, from in-person learning to remote or distance education with different interventions. This study aimed to identify the characteristics of interventions in remote or distance education during the COVID-19 pandemic and evaluate the outcomes of each intervention. A systematic review was conducted between October 2021 and May 2022 using four databases. Finally, 22 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included for data analysis. Most of the interventions were synchronous student-centered approaches followed by asynchronous student-centered approaches and mixed-learning through online channels such as desktop- and web-based modality. Remote or distance education is effective in academic development in any learning approach while having mixed effects in student attitudes and perceptions. Academic-related behaviors were most engaged by students in synchronous student-centered approaches. Finally, difficulties or burdens, and mental health or social interaction were similar for all learning approaches in technological problems and support systems from families and teachers. Synchronous student-centered approaches should be the main method of education, but other approaches can be used to complement based on the students' needs. Finally, educational infrastructure and support from teachers and parents are also necessary in remote or distance education. Further studies are needed to focus on primary school students, especially in low-income regions, and apply a randomized study design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hathairat Kosiyaporn
- International Health Policy Program, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Mathudara Phaiyarom
- International Health Policy Program, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Sonvanee Uansri
- International Health Policy Program, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Watinee Kunpeuk
- International Health Policy Program, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Sataporn Julchoo
- International Health Policy Program, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Pigunkaew Sinam
- International Health Policy Program, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Nareerut Pudpong
- International Health Policy Program, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
- Master of Public Health Program, Sirindhorn College of Public Health, Chonburi, Thailand
| | - Rapeepong Suphanchaimat
- International Health Policy Program, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
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Faccioli S, Cavalagli A, Falocci N, Mangano G, Sanfilippo I, Sassi S. Gait analysis patterns and rehabilitative interventions to improve gait in persons with hereditary spastic paraplegia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1256392. [PMID: 37799279 PMCID: PMC10548139 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1256392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSPs) are a group of inheritance diseases resulting in gait abnormalities, which may be detected using instrumented gait analysis. The aim of this systematic review was 2-fold: to identify specific gait analysis patterns and interventions improving gait in HSP subjects. Methods A systematic review was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, REHABDATA, and PEDro databases, in accordance with reporting guidelines of PRISMA statement and Cochrane's recommendation. The review protocol was recorded on the PROSPERO register. Patients with pure and complicated HSP of any age were included. All types of studies were included. Risk of bias, quality assessment, and meta-analysis were performed. Results Forty-two studies were included: 19 were related to gait analysis patterns, and 24 were intervention studies. The latter ones were limited to adults. HSP gait patterns were similar to cerebral palsy in younger subjects and stroke in adults. Knee hyperextension, reduced range of motion at knee, ankle, and hip, reduced foot lift, and increased rapid trunk and arm movements were reported. Botulinum injections reduced spasticity but uncovered weakness and improved gait velocity at follow-up. Weak evidence supported intrathecal baclofen, active intensive physical therapy (i.e., robot-assisted gait training, functional exercises, and hydrotherapy), and functional electrical stimulation. Some improvements but adverse events were reported after transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcutaneous spinal direct current stimulation, and spinal cord stimulation implant. Conclusion Knee hyperextension, non-sagittal pelvic movements, and reduced ROM at the knee, ankle, and hip represent the most peculiar patterns in HSP, compared to diplegic cerebral palsy and stroke. Botulinum improved comfortable gait velocity after 2 months. Nonetheless, interventions reducing spasticity might result in ineffective functional outcomes unveiling weakness. Intensive active physical therapy and FES might improve gait velocity in the very short term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Faccioli
- Children Rehabilitation Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Angela Cavalagli
- Children Rehabilitation Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milano, Italy
| | - Nicola Falocci
- Office of Policy Evaluation and Statistical Studies, Umbria Legislative Assembly, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giulia Mangano
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale 3 (ASP 3), Acireale Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Sassi
- Children Rehabilitation Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
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Wan SN, Thiam CN, Ang QX, Engkasan J, Ong T. Incident sarcopenia in hospitalized older people: A systematic review. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289379. [PMID: 37531398 PMCID: PMC10395895 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hospitalization has been associated with the development of sarcopenia. This study aimed to examine the new incidences of hospital sarcopenia, associated risk factors and health outcomes, as defined by internationally recognized diagnostic criteria in hospitalized older people. Pre-defined search terms were run through five databases. Six studies that assessed sarcopenia on two separate time points during hospitalization on older inpatients were included. Prevalence of sarcopenia varied from 14.1% to 55% depending on diagnostic criteria and cut-off points used. New sarcopenia occurred between 12% to 38.7% patients following hospitalization. Risk factors were older age, longer duration of bed rest, lower baseline body mass index, cognitive impairment and activities of daily living disability. None of the studies reported health outcomes associated with newly developed sarcopenia in hospital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safiyyah Nurnajah Wan
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chiann Ni Thiam
- Department of Medicine, Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Alor Setar, Kedah Darul Aman, Malaysia
| | - Qi Xuan Ang
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Julia Engkasan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Terence Ong
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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DuBois D, Richmond R, Stephanie Roberts L, Mahar A, Fear N, Gill K, Samantha Leroux J, Cramm H. A scoping review of military and Veteran families within international suicidality and suicide prevention research. Prev Med Rep 2023; 33:102206. [PMID: 37223562 PMCID: PMC10201831 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The impacts of suicidality on families are well known, which is particularly relevant in at-risk populations, such as active duty military personnel and Veteran communities. This scoping review describes how military and Veteran families have been conceptualized within suicide prevention research. A systematic, multi-database search was conducted, and 4,835 studies were screened. All included studies underwent quality assessment. Bibliographic, participant, methodological, and family-relevant data was extracted and descriptively analyzed into Factors, Actors, and Impacts. In total, 51 studies (2007 - 2021) were included. Most studies focused on suicidality rather than suicide prevention. Factor studies described family constructs as a suicidality risk or protective factor for military personnel or Veterans. Actor studies described families' roles or responsibilities to act in relation to the suicidality of military personnel or Veterans. Impacts studies described the impacts of suicidality on military and Veteran family members. The search was limited to English language studies. There were few studies on suicide prevention interventions for or including military and Veteran family members. Family was typically considered peripheral to the military personnel or Veteran experiencing suicidality. However, there was also emerging evidence of suicidality and its consequences in military-connected family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise DuBois
- Families Matter Research Group, School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Rachel Richmond
- Families Matter Research Group, School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Lauren Stephanie Roberts
- Families Matter Research Group, School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Alyson Mahar
- Max Rady College of Medicine, Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Ontario R3E 3P5, Canada
| | - Nicola Fear
- Department of Military Mental Health, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London WC2R 2LS, England, United Kingdom
| | - Kamaldeep Gill
- Families Matter Research Group, School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Janette Samantha Leroux
- Families Matter Research Group, School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Heidi Cramm
- Families Matter Research Group, School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
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Downie LE, Britten-Jones AC, Hogg RE, Jalbert I, Li T, Lingham G, Liu SH, Qureshi R, Saldanha IJ, Singh S, Craig JP. TFOS Lifestyle - Evidence quality report: Advancing the evaluation and synthesis of research evidence. Ocul Surf 2023; 28:200-212. [PMID: 37054912 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2023.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Evidence-based practice is a dominant paradigm in healthcare that emphasizes the importance of ensuring the translation of the best available, relevant research evidence into practice. An Evidence Quality Subcommittee was established to provide specialized methodological support and expertise to promote rigorous and evidence-based approaches for the Tear Film and Ocular Surface Society (TFOS) Lifestyle Epidemic reports. The present report describes the purpose, scope, and activity of the Evidence Quality Subcommittee in the undertaking of high-quality narrative-style literature reviews, and leading prospectively registered, reliable systematic reviews of high priority research questions, using standardized methods for each topic area report. Identification of predominantly low or very low certainty evidence across the eight systematic reviews highlights a need for further research to define the efficacy and/or safety of specific lifestyle interventions on the ocular surface, and to clarify relationships between certain lifestyle factors and ocular surface disease. To support the citation of reliable systematic review evidence in the narrative review sections of each report, the Evidence Quality Subcommittee curated topic-specific systematic review databases and relevant systematic reviews underwent standardized reliability assessment. Inconsistent methodological rigor was noted in the published systematic review literature, emphasizing the importance of internal validity assessment. Based on the experience of implementing the Evidence Quality Subcommittee, this report makes suggestions for incorporation of such initiatives in future international taskforces and working groups. Content areas broadly relevant to the activity of the Evidence Quality Subcommittee, including the critical appraisal of research, clinical evidence hierarchies (levels of evidence), and risk of bias assessment, are also outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Downie
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
| | | | - Ruth E Hogg
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | | | - Tianjing Li
- Department of Ophthalmology and Epidemiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Gareth Lingham
- Centre for Eye Research Ireland, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Su-Hsun Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Epidemiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Riaz Qureshi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Epidemiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Ian J Saldanha
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Sumeer Singh
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jennifer P Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, New Zealand National Eye Centre, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Li P, Liang L, Gao Z, Wang X. AMD-Net: Automatic subretinal fluid and hemorrhage segmentation for wet age-related macular degeneration in ocular fundus images. Biomed Signal Process Control 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2022.104262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Ripon RK, Motahara U, Alam A, Ishadi KS, Sarker MS. A meta-analysis of COVID-19 vaccines acceptance among black/African American. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12300. [PMID: 36530926 PMCID: PMC9737518 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic had harmed Black/African Americans disproportionately. Mortality and morbidity can reduce by increasing vaccination acceptability and availability. We conducted a meta-analysis of 20 studies that show the prevalence of Black/African Americans who embrace COVID-19 vaccination between 2020 and September, 2022. Investigations conducted before and after the availability of COVID-19 vaccines found the vaccinations effective. The heterogeneity was examined using stratified analyses, the meta-regression approach, and sensitivity analysis in R programming language. This meta-analysis showed that the overall COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among Black/African Americans is 35% (95% CI: 26%-45%). That means 65% of Black African Americans received vaccines without any hesitancy. According to correlation analysis, there was a negative relationship (r = -0.392, P = 0.021) between the prevalence of vaccine hesitancy and the survey year. Evidence suggests ethnic health disparities in Black/African Americans were for lower socioeconomic status. Some initiatives had to address health disparities, while ethnicity had not consistently been a focus. Only vaccines can prevent COVID-19 like infectious diseases. Policy makers and health educators should concern on vaccine acceptance or hesitancy related programs among Black/African American.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rezaul Karim Ripon
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh,Corresponding author
| | - Umma Motahara
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Adiba Alam
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Kifayat Sadmam Ishadi
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Samun Sarker
- Antimicrobial Resistance Action Center (ARAC), Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Pimsen A, Kao CY, Hsu ST, Shu BC. The Effect of Advance Care Planning Intervention on Hospitalization Among Nursing Home Residents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2022; 23:1448-1460.e1. [PMID: 35964662 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2022.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of advance care planning (ACP) interventions on the hospitalization of nursing home residents. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Nursing homes and nursing home residents. METHODS A literature search was systematically conducted in 6 electronic databases (Embase, Ovid MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, AgeLine, and the Psychology & Behavioral Sciences Collection), in addition to hand searches and reference list checking; the articles retrieved were those published from 1990 to November 2021. The eligible studies were randomized controlled trials, controlled trials, and pre-post intervention studies describing original data on the effect of ACP on hospitalization of nursing home residents; these studies had to be written in English. Two independent reviewers appraised the quality of the studies and extracted the relevant data using the Joanna Briggs Institute abstraction form and critical appraisal tools. A study protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022301648). RESULTS The initial search yielded 744 studies. Nine studies involving a total of 57,180 residents were included in the review. The findings showed that the ACP reduced the likelihood of hospitalization [relative risk (RR) 0.54, 95% CI 0.47-0.63; I2 = 0%)], it had no effect on emergency department (ED) visits (RR 0.60, 95% CI 0.31-1.42; I2 = 99), hospice enrollment (RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.88-1.10; I2 = 0%), mortality (RR 0.83, 95% CI 0.68-1.00; I2 = 4%), and satisfaction with care (standardized mean difference: -0.04, 95% CI -0.14 to -0.06; I2 = 0%). CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS ACP reduced hospitalizations but did not affect the secondary outcomes, namely, ED visits, hospice enrollment, mortality, and satisfaction with care. These findings suggest that policy makers should support the implementation of ACP programs in nursing homes. More robust studies are needed to determine the effects of ACP on ED visits, hospice enrollment, mortality, and satisfaction with care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apiradee Pimsen
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC; Faculty of Nursing, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Chi-Yin Kao
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Sheng-Tzu Hsu
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC; Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Bih-Ching Shu
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC.
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The Effect of Universal Voluntary HIV Counseling and Testing on Epidemiological, Behavioral, and Psychosocial Outcomes: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses. Int J Nurs Stud 2022; 130:104234. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2022.104234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Huth TK, Eaton-Fitch N, Staines D, Marshall-Gradisnik S. A systematic review of metabolomic dysregulation in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Systemic Exertion Intolerance Disease (CFS/ME/SEID). J Transl Med 2020; 18:198. [PMID: 32404171 PMCID: PMC7222338 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02356-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Systemic Exertion Intolerance Disease (CFS/ME/SEID) is a complex illness that has an unknown aetiology. It has been proposed that metabolomics may contribute to the illness pathogenesis of CFS/ME/SEID. In metabolomics, the systematic identification of measurable changes in small molecule metabolite products have been identified in cases of both monogenic and heterogenic diseases. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to evaluate if there is any evidence of metabolomics contributing to the pathogenesis of CFS/ME/SEID. Methods PubMed, Scopus, EBSCOHost (Medline) and EMBASE were searched using medical subject headings terms for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, metabolomics and metabolome to source papers published from 1994 to 2020. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to identify studies reporting on metabolites measured in blood and urine samples from CFS/ME/SEID patients compared with healthy controls. The Joanna Briggs Institute Checklist was used to complete a quality assessment for all the studies included in this review. Results 11 observational case control studies met the inclusion criteria for this review. The primary outcome of metabolite measurement in blood samples of CFS/ME/SEID patients was reported in ten studies. The secondary outcome of urine metabolites was measured in three of the included studies. No studies were excluded from this review based on a low-quality assessment score, however there was inconsistency in the scientific research design of the included studies. Metabolites associated with the amino acid pathway were the most commonly impaired with significant results in seven out of the 10 studies. However, no specific metabolite was consistently impaired across all of the studies. Urine metabolite results were also inconsistent. Conclusion The findings of this systematic review reports that a lack of consistency with scientific research design provides little evidence for metabolomics to be clearly defined as a contributing factor to the pathogenesis of CFS/ME/SEID. Further research using the same CFS/ME/SEID diagnostic criteria, metabolite analysis method and control of the confounding factors that influence metabolite levels are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teilah Kathryn Huth
- National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia. .,School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Natalie Eaton-Fitch
- National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Donald Staines
- National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Sonya Marshall-Gradisnik
- National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
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Horvath H, Brindis CD, Reyes EM, Yamey G, Franck L. Preterm birth: the role of knowledge transfer and exchange. Health Res Policy Syst 2017; 15:78. [PMID: 28874160 PMCID: PMC5586007 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-017-0238-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preterm birth (PTB) is the leading cause of death in children under age five. Healthcare policy and other decision-making relevant to PTB may rely on obsolete, incomplete or inapplicable research evidence, leading to worsened outcomes. Appropriate knowledge transfer and exchange (KTE) strategies are an important component of efforts to reduce the global PTB burden. We sought to develop a 'landscape' analysis of KTE strategies currently used in PTB and related contexts, and to make recommendations for optimising programmatic implementation and for future research. METHODS In the University of California, San Francisco's Preterm Birth Initiative, we convened a multidisciplinary working group and examined KTE frameworks. After selecting a widely-used, adaptable, theoretically-strong framework we reviewed the literature to identify evidence-based KTE strategies. We analysed KTE approaches focusing on key PTB stakeholders (individuals, families and communities, healthcare providers and policymakers). Guided by the framework, we articulated KTE approaches that would likely improve PTB outcomes. We further applied the KTE framework in developing recommendations. RESULTS We selected the Linking Research to Action framework. Searches identified 19 systematic reviews, including two 'reviews of reviews'. Twelve reviews provided evidence for KTE strategies in the context of maternal, neonatal and child health, though not PTB specifically; seven reviews provided 'cross-cutting' evidence that could likely be generalised to PTB contexts. For individuals, families and communities, potentially effective KTE strategies include community-based approaches, 'decision aids', regular discussions with providers and other strategies. For providers, KTE outcomes may be improved through local opinion leaders, electronic reminders, multifaceted strategies and other approaches. Policy decisions relevant to PTB may best be informed through the use of evidence briefs, deliberative dialogues, the SUPPORT tools for evidence-informed policymaking and other strategies. Our recommendations for research addressed knowledge gaps in regard to partner engagement, applicability and context, implementation strategy research, monitoring and evaluation, and infrastructure for sustainable KTE efforts. CONCLUSIONS Evidence-based KTE, using strategies appropriate to each stakeholder group, is essential to any effort to improve health at the population level. PTB stakeholders should be fully engaged in KTE and programme planning from its earliest stages, and ideally before planning begins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hacsi Horvath
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, 550 Sixteenth Street, third floor, San Francisco, CA 94158 United States of America
- Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA United States of America
- Global Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA United States of America
| | - Claire D. Brindis
- Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA United States of America
| | - E. Michael Reyes
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA United States of America
| | - Gavin Yamey
- Global Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA United States of America
- Present affiliation: Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC United States of America
| | - Linda Franck
- Department of Family Health Care Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA United States of America
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Fu X, Li ZJ, Yang CJ, Feng L, Sun L, Yao Y, Huang YT. The prevalence of depression in rheumatoid arthritis in China: A systematic review. Oncotarget 2017; 8:53623-53630. [PMID: 28881836 PMCID: PMC5581135 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This systematic review is to explore the prevalence of depression in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in China. Articles of prevalence rates for depression in adult RA patients published before October 2015 were identified from PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, CBM, VIP, and Wanfang database and other internet databases. Relevant journals and the recommendations of expert panels were also searched manually. Two independent reviewers searched and assessed the literature. Therelevant data were applied with Meta-Analyst 3.13 software, and the forest plot and funnel plot were performed. 21 studies with a total of 4447 patients were selected to be enrolled in this study. The prevalence of depression by analyzing the effect size was 48% [95% CI (41%, 56%)]. The prevalence of minor depression and dysthymic disorder was 30% [95%CI (23%, 38%)], and the moderate or major depression was 18% [95%CI (11%, 29%)], respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that the depression rate of female RA patients was higher than male. The depression rate in the central and western areas were higher than that of the eastern region of China, the prevalence level estimated by the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) was higher than estimated by other tools. Sensitivity analysis showed that the pooled effect size had good stability and reliability, To be conclusive, the prevalence rate of depression in RA patients is 48%, which suggesting that medical staff should pay more attention to depression in adult patients with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Fu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chun-Jun Yang
- Department of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Liangshu Feng
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lemeng Sun
- Cancer Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Yao
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu-Ting Huang
- Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
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