1
|
Kinch K, Roberts F. Primary orbital sarcoma in adults: a case series with emphasis on post-irradiation sarcoma. Orbit 2024; 43:417-428. [PMID: 36622318 DOI: 10.1080/01676830.2022.2160766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe a series of eight adult patients with primary orbital sarcoma and to review the existing literature on orbital sarcoma and post-irradiation sarcoma. METHODS Report of eight cases and literature review. RESULTS We report eight cases of primary orbital sarcoma, three of which were radiation-induced. Only one patient had a history of retinoblastoma. The most common presentations were painful proptosis and reduced vision. Most tumours arose in the extraconal compartment. The overall median age at diagnosis was 50 years. The pathology comprised a diverse group of tumours. Treatment and outcome varied between patients and their clinical circumstances. CONCLUSIONS Adult primary orbital sarcomas are rare. They can comprise a variety of tumour types and are difficult to treat. Irradiation is a significant risk factor, and the incidence of post-irradiation sarcoma of the orbit may be increasing due to the widespread use of radiotherapy and improved survival of patients with cancer. Post-irradiation sarcoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of an orbital space-occupying lesion in a patient with a history of radiotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Kinch
- Pathology Department, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Fiona Roberts
- Pathology Department, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hui J, Zhao Y, Zhang L, Lin J, Zhao H. Primary orbital extraskeletal osteosarcoma and review of literature. BMC Ophthalmol 2020; 20:425. [PMID: 33092564 PMCID: PMC7579936 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-020-01690-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Extraskeletal osteosarcoma is a malignant tumour composed of an osteoid and/or cartilaginous matrix; it arises in soft tissues without connection to the skeleton, and to our knowledge, this type of tumour is extremely rare. Case presentation The present study reports a 57-year-old man with primary orbital extraskeletal osteosarcoma who presented with a history of painful swelling in the left orbit that had occurred for 11 months. Imaging of the orbit showed an atypical, well-defined heterogeneous mass attached to the posterior globe of the left orbit. The patient underwent an anterior orbitotomy and complete excision of the tumour. The mass was originated from neither the globe nor the bony orbital wall but from the soft tissue. Histopathology demonstrated an extraskeletal osteosarcoma. After 13 months of follow-up, there was apparent recurrence of the tumour. The medical history showed no complaints of previous trauma or radiotherapy. Conclusions ESOS is a highly malignant tumour. Immunosuppression, trauma and adjuvant radiotherapy are possible predisposing factors in the development of this tumour. Prompt recognition and thorough treatment are essential for preventing orbital lesions and presence of metastasis from other organs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Hui
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, NO.4 Gansu Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300020, China.,Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, China.,Clinical College of Ophthalmology Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Nankai University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, NO.4 Gansu Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300020, China.,Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, China.,Clinical College of Ophthalmology Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Nankai University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, NO.4 Gansu Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300020, China.,Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, China.,Clinical College of Ophthalmology Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Nankai University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinyong Lin
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, NO.4 Gansu Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300020, China.,Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, China.,Clinical College of Ophthalmology Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Nankai University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong Zhao
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, NO.4 Gansu Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300020, China. .,Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, China. .,Clinical College of Ophthalmology Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China. .,Nankai University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Salomão DR, Schmitt NJ, Wenger DE, Schlafmann S, Fritchie K. Extraskeletal Osteosarcoma: A Rare Case Arising in Phthisis Bulbi with a Review of the Literature. Ocul Oncol Pathol 2019; 5:114-118. [PMID: 30976589 DOI: 10.1159/000487544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A 60-year-old male presented with an increasingly painful and swollen phthisical eye. Enucleation revealed a large mass obliterating the eye with extension into the adjacent extraocular muscle. Histologic examination showed high-grade osteosarcoma. Systemic work-up showed no disease elsewhere, and a diagnosis of orbital extraskeletal osteosarcoma was rendered. Complete resection was not possible, and neoadjuvant radiation was given. The patient subsequently developed pulmonary metastasis and died of disease 5 months after initial diagnosis. Given the highly aggressive nature of this malignancy, raising awareness that extraskeletal osteosarcoma may arise in the background of phthisis bulbi will facilitate timely and accurate diagnosis and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diva R Salomão
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Doris E Wenger
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sue Schlafmann
- Department of Pathology, North Memorial Health Care, Robbinsdale, Minnesota, USA
| | - Karen Fritchie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lyngdoh B, Mishra J, Dey B, Harris C, Kakati A, Chowdhury Z, Marak R, Marbaniang E. Primary Extraskeletal Osteosarcoma Arising from the Optic Nerve: A Rare Case Report. Ocul Oncol Pathol 2018; 4:304-308. [PMID: 30320102 DOI: 10.1159/000486420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Orbital location of extraskeletal osteosarcoma is extremely rare with only 4 cases reported so far in the English literature. We present the case of a 32-year-old female who presented with proptosis and complete loss of vision of the left eye. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan showed a densely calcified lobulated lesion in the left optic nerve showing strong enhancement. A left fronto-occipito-zygomatic osteotomy was conducted and a greyish brown tumor was identified. Histopathological and immunohistochemical examination of the curetted material revealed it to be extraskeletal osteosarcoma. A left partial maxillectomy with ethmoidectomy and left orbital exenteration was done and the patient was advised chemotherapy with radiotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bifica Lyngdoh
- Department of Pathology, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, India
| | - Jaya Mishra
- Department of Pathology, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, India
| | - Biswajit Dey
- Department of Pathology, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, India
| | - Caleb Harris
- Department of Oncology, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, India
| | - Arindom Kakati
- Department of Neurosurgery, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, India
| | - Zachariah Chowdhury
- Department of Pathology, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, India
| | - Rintu Marak
- Department of Oncology, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, India
| | - Evarisalin Marbaniang
- Department of Pathology, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kim YJ, Kim HT, Won CH, Chang SE, Lee MW, Choi JH, Lee WJ. Pancreatic Extraskeletal Osteosarcoma Metastasizing to the Scalp. Ann Dermatol 2018; 30:351-355. [PMID: 29853753 PMCID: PMC5929956 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2018.30.3.351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Extraskeletal osteosarcoma (ESOS) is a rare mesenchymal soft-tissue neoplasm that accounts for approximately 1% of all soft-tissue sarcomas. Over 70% of these malignant tumor progress to local recurrence and metastasis. It commonly metastasizes to the lungs, lymph nodes, bone, and skin and has a poor survival outcome. Cutaneous metastasis is exceedingly rare and known to be a sign of widespread metastases. We present a 57-year-old woman who presented with a rapidly growing protuberant mass on the scalp that was finally diagnosed as metastatic ESOS from a primary pancreatic ESOS. To our knowledge, there has been no reported case of pancreatic ESOS metastasizing to the scalp.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young Jae Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hak Tae Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chong Hyun Won
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Eun Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Woo Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jee Ho Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo Jin Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hofmann AD, Duess JW, Puri P. Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) associated with Hirschsprung's disease: a systematic review. Pediatr Surg Int 2014; 30:757-61. [PMID: 24974188 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-014-3529-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT), a term introduced in the late 1990 s accounts for 30-50 % of cases of end-stage renal disease in children. The association of urogenital anomalies and Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR) based on the common genetic background of enteric nervous system and human urinary tract development has been well described in the literature. However, the reported prevalence of HSCR associated with CAKUT seems to be underestimated. The aim of this systematic review was to determine the prevalence of this association and show its relationship to other syndromes. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted for relevant articles published between 1955 and 2014. Two online databases were searched for the terms "Hirschsprung's disease", "congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract", "urogenital anomalies" and "urological anomalies". All published studies containing adequate clinical data were included. Resulting publications were reviewed for epidemiology, genetic testing, operative treatment and morbidity. Reference lists were screened for additional cases. RESULTS A total of 32 articles reported 222 cases of HSCR associated with either CAKUT, "urological" or "urogenital" anomalies from 1955 to 2014. Gender was reported in a total of 68 cases, with 54 (79 %) males and 14 (21 %) females. Extent of aganglionosis was reported in 67 cases and included classical rectosigmoid disease in 38, long-segment aganglionosis in 12, total colonic aganglionosis in 12 and total intestinal aganglionosis in 5 patients. 18 articles reported 204 cases of either CAKUT, "urological" or "urogenital" anomalies in a case series of 5.693 HSCR patients, resulting in an overall prevalence of 3.6 % of this association. Within this collective of 18 studies only seven were, regardless of the date of publication compatible with CAKUT criteria introduced and published in the late 1990 s. These seven studies reported a total of 72 patients with associated CAKUT among 757 HSCR patients resulting in a prevalence of 9.5 %. After introduction of the CAKUT acronym, only three studies specifically investigated the association of HSCR and CAKUT stating a prevalence of 14.3 % resulting in an almost fivefold increase compared to the reported prevalence of HSCR and associated urological and urogenital anomalies. The remaining 14 publications reported 18 single cases of HSCR patients with associated CAKUT phenotypes. Of these 18 cases, 11 (61 %) cases were associated with other syndromes or syndromatic features or reported chromosomal anomalies. CONCLUSION This review confirms that the recognition of CAKUT in HSCR patients has been underestimated in the past. The results suggest that when confronted with HSCR in a patient, a thorough urological investigation may be indicated. The high prevalence of associated syndromes in HSCR with CAKUT may further suggest a syndromic association.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro D Hofmann
- National Children's Research Centre, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland
| | | | | |
Collapse
|