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Gonçalves CI, Carriço JN, Omar OM, Abdalla E, Lemos MC. Hypoparathyroidism, deafness and renal dysplasia syndrome caused by a GATA3 splice site mutation leading to the activation of a cryptic splice site. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1207425. [PMID: 37600721 PMCID: PMC10436458 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1207425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The HDR syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterised by Hypoparathyroidism, Deafness, and Renal dysplasia, and is caused by inactivating heterozygous germline mutations in the GATA3 gene. We report an 11-year-old girl with HDR syndrome caused by a heterozygous mutation located at the splice acceptor site of exon 5 of the GATA3 gene (NM_001002295.2: c.925-1G>T). Functional studies using a minigene assay showed that this splice site mutation abolished the normal splicing of the GATA3 pre-mRNA and led to the use of a cryptic splice acceptor site, resulting in the loss of the first seven nucleotides (TCTGCAG) of exon 5 in the GATA3 mRNA. These findings increase the understanding of the mechanisms by which GATA3 splicing mutations can cause HDR syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina I. Gonçalves
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Josianne N. Carriço
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Omneya M. Omar
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ebtesam Abdalla
- Department of Human Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Manuel C. Lemos
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
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Lemos MC, Thakker RV. Hypoparathyroidism, deafness, and renal dysplasia syndrome: 20 Years after the identification of the first GATA3 mutations. Hum Mutat 2020; 41:1341-1350. [PMID: 32442337 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The hypoparathyroidism, deafness, and renal dysplasia (HDR) syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by heterozygous mutations of the GATA3 gene. In the last 20 years, since the identification of the genetic cause of the HDR syndrome, GATA3 mutations have been reported in 124 families (177 patients). The clinical aspects and molecular genetics of the HDR syndrome are reviewed here together with the reported mutations and phenotypes. Reported mutations consist of 40% frameshift deletions or insertions, 23% missense mutations, 14% nonsense mutations, 6% splice-site mutations, 1% in-frame deletions or insertions, 15% whole-gene deletions, and 1% whole-gene duplication. Missense mutations were found to cluster in the regions encoding the two GATA3 zinc-finger domains. Patients showed great clinical variability and the penetrance of each HDR defect increased with age. The most frequently observed abnormality was deafness (93%), followed by hypoparathyroidism (87%) and renal defects (61%). The mean age of diagnosis of HDR was 15.3, 7.5, and 14.0 years, respectively. However, patients with whole-gene deletions and protein-truncating mutations were diagnosed earlier than patients with missense mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel C Lemos
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Rajesh V Thakker
- Academic Endocrine Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Mosaad YM, Hammad A, Elghzaly AA, Tawhid ZME, Hammad EM, Showma A, Abdelsalam R, Elmoughy A, Fawzy IM, Anber N. GATA3 rs3824662 gene polymorphism as possible risk factor for systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2018; 27:2112-2119. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203318804894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background There is no report about the association between GATA3 rs3824662 polymorphism and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Objective To investigate the possible role of GATA3 rs3824662 polymorphism as a susceptibility risk factor for either adult SLE (aSLE) or pediatric SLE (pSLE) and to evaluate its role in the development of lupus nephritis (LN) in pSLE. Methods Typing of GATA3 rs3824662 polymorphism was done using real-time polymerase chain reaction for three groups; 104 pSLE patients, 140 aSLE patients and 436 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Results Non-significant differences were found between SLE patients and healthy controls for the allele and genotype frequencies of GATA3 rs3824662 ( p > 0.05). In pSLE; the AC genotype was associated with LN ( p = 0.04); the A allele and AC genotype were associated with persistent proteinuria ( p = 0.036 and 0.01, respectively) and both the A allele and AA genotype were associated with higher chronicity index ( p = 0.031 and 0.04, respectively). In aSLE; the C allele was associated with cellular cast ( p = 0.03) and thrombocytopenia ( p = 0.01). Logistic regression analysis revealed significant association between the AC+AA genotypes and the prediction of LN and renal active disease in pSLE ( p = 0.04 and 0.01, respectively). Conclusion GATA3 rs3824662 is not associated with susceptibility to SLE either in adult or in pediatric patients; however, in pSLE patients, the heterozygous AC genotype could be considered a risk factor for LN. At the same time, the AC and AA genotypes could be considered as predictors for LN and active renal disease. However, the small sample size is a limiting factor of the present study when interpreting the positive association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Mosaad
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - A Hammad
- Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Mansoura University Children's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - A A Elghzaly
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Z M E Tawhid
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - E M Hammad
- Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Mansoura University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - A Showma
- Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Mansoura University Children's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - R Abdelsalam
- Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Mansoura University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - A Elmoughy
- Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Mansoura University Children's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - I M Fawzy
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Mansoura Fever Hospital, Ministry of Health, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - N Anber
- Emergency Hospital, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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