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Aitnasser K, Mansoury O, Moubachir H, Adarmouch L, Serhane H. Knowledge of the Companions of Tuberculosis Patients Hospitalized in The Pneumology Department of The Hassan II Hospital Agadir About the Disease. Niger Med J 2023; 64:382-388. [PMID: 38974067 PMCID: PMC11223020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Tuberculosis is a major public health problem worldwide, and in Morocco, it is the leading cause of hospitalization in the Pneumology department. Hospitalized patients are often accompanied by family members who primarily act as caregivers. This study aimed to describe the knowledge related to the disease among the companions of tuberculosis patients hospitalized in the pneumology department of Hassan II Hospital in Agadir, Morocco. Methodology We conducted a cross-sectional observational study with the objective of evaluating the knowledge of the companions of tuberculosis patients. Results One hundred companions participated in this study, with an average age of 33.8 +/- 10.1. The male-to-female sex ratio was 1.5. More than half of our participants had a low socio-economic level, and over a third were illiterate. Knowledge was assessed through questions related to the disease. Results showed that 82.0% of participants declared that they were aware of the disease called "tuberculosis," and 46.0% knew about its infectious origin. Almost all of them were aware of the contagious nature of the disease and its airborne transmission. Schooling was found to be associated with knowledge of the disease, its infectious nature, contagiousness, and free treatment. The associations were statistically significant with p-values of <0.001, 0.004, <0.001, and 0.002, respectively. Conclusion The low level of schooling appears to be a hindrance to TB education. This observation could explain the very poor level of knowledge found in our study, despite the efforts made by various programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadija Aitnasser
- Health Sciences Research and Innovation Laboratory Medical School of Medicine &Pharmacy of Agadir, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir-Morocco
| | - Ouassim Mansoury
- Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Biosciences and Health Laboratory, FMPM, UCAM, Morocco
| | - Houda Moubachir
- Health Sciences Research and Innovation Laboratory Medical School of Medicine &Pharmacy of Agadir, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir-Morocco
| | - Latifa Adarmouch
- Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Biosciences and Health Laboratory, FMPM, UCAM, Morocco
- Clinical Research Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital of Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Hind Serhane
- Health Sciences Research and Innovation Laboratory Medical School of Medicine &Pharmacy of Agadir, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir-Morocco
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Mahmud S, Mohsin M, Irfan SH, Muyeed A, Islam A. Knowledge, attitude, practices, and determinants of them toward tuberculosis among social media users in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275344. [PMID: 36219607 PMCID: PMC9553051 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that causes thousands of deaths in Bangladesh. Bangladesh is one of the 30 high TB burden countries. In this study, we aimed to assess the knowledge, practices, and attitude toward TB, and to determine the factors associated with them among people who have internet access in Bangladesh. Design, Setting, and Participant: A web-based anonymous cross-sectional survey was conducted from May 20 to August 10, 2021, among people (age> = 18 years) who have internet access in Bangladesh. A comprehensive consent statement was included at the beginning of the survey and informed consent was taken. OUTCOME MEASURES This study's outcomes of interest were respondents' adequate knowledge, good practices, and positive attitudes toward TB and were coded binarily. The association between respondents' socio-demographic factors and knowledge, attitude, and practices toward TB was inspected using the Chi-square test and Multivariable logistic regression model. RESULTS Among 1,180 respondents, 58.64% were males, and 62.37% were married. The majority of the participants (78.28%) were aged between 18 to 44 years. Overall adequate knowledge, favorable attitudes, and good practices about TB were found respectively in 47.8%, 44.75%, and 31.19% of the people with internet access in Bangladesh. Almost the same sets of associated factors were found to influence adequate knowledge, favorable attitudes, and good practices toward TB among social media users in Bangladesh. Males, young, unmarried, social media users with higher education, and urban social media users were more likely to have adequate knowledge, favorable attitudes, and good practices toward TB. CONCLUSION Policymakers need to design programs and interventions to improve knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward TB in Bangladesh with a particular focus on females, young and older people, people who live in rural areas, and illiterate/less educated people. Social media can be a powerful medium for disseminating scientific facts on TB and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan Mahmud
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR’B), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mohsin
- Department of Applied Statistics, Institute of Statistical Research and Training, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Saddam Hossain Irfan
- Department of Applied Statistics, Institute of Statistical Research and Training, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Abdul Muyeed
- Department of Statistics, Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University, Trishal, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Ariful Islam
- Department of Statistics, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Kumari Indira KS, Mathew N. TB related stigma and gender disparity among unaffected population in central Kerala, a survey. Indian J Tuberc 2022; 70:168-175. [PMID: 37100573 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijtb.2022.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND TB continues to ravage high burden countries despite aggressive TB control measures. Poverty and adverse socioeconomic and cultural factors play a significant role in stigmatization, causing delayed health care seeking, non-compliance to treatment and spread of disease in the community. Women are more vulnerable to stigmatization, posing the risk of gender inequality in health care. The objectives of this study were to ascertain the degree of stigmatization and gender disparity in TB related stigma in the community. METHODS Study was conducted among TB unaffected persons, using consecutive sampling from bystanders of patients attending the hospital for diseases other than TB. Closed structured questionnaire was used for measuring socio-demographic, knowledge and stigma variables. Stigma scoring was done using TB vignette. RESULTS Majority subjects (119 males and 102 females) were from rural area and low socioeconomic status; more than 60% of males and females having college education. Half the subjects answered more than half the TB knowledge questions correctly. Knowledge score was significantly lower among females compared with males (p < 0.002) despite high literacy. Overall stigma scoring was low (mean score = 15.9; total 75). Stigma was higher among females compared with males (p < 0.002); more profound among females receiving female vignettes (Chi-square = 14.1, p < 0.0001). The association was significant even after adjusting for co-variables (OR = 3.323, P = 0.005). Low knowledge showed minimal (statistically insignificant) association with stigma. CONCLUSIONS Perceived stigma though low, was more among females and much higher with female vignette, indicating significant gender disparity in stigma towards TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Kumari Indira
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Sree Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, 683594, India.
| | - Nisha Mathew
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Sree Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, 683594, India.
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Dumpeti S, Jothula KY, Naidu NK. Awareness about tuberculosis and RNTCP services among rural people in Nalgonda district, Telangana. J Family Med Prim Care 2020; 9:3281-3287. [PMID: 33102284 PMCID: PMC7567187 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_415_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Tuberculosis (TB), an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis discovered in ancient centuries still remains a major public health problem in India. Lack of awareness about the cause, risk factors, treatment and prevention of TB among rural people is a major challenge to be addressed to reduce disease transmission. Aims: To assess the knowledge of TB among rural people. To assess the awareness about RNTCP services. Settings and Design: Cross-sectional study was conducted in six randomly selected villages attached to a medical college. Methods and Materials: Houses were selected by systematic random sampling method and younger person was identified as study subject. Data were collected from a sample of 300 by predesigned pretested semi-structured questionnaire. Statistical Analysis Used: Data were presented in proportions with confidence interval and Chi-square test was applied to find the association between variables by using SPSS ver. 23. Results: The study showed that 79.6% knew that the cause of TB is bacteria. Majority of the participants 93.6% (95% CI: 90.3, 96.1) knew that TB primarily affects lungs. Subjects were aware of free diagnostic services (85.3%), free treatment services (89%) available in the govt setup. Conclusions: Although the awareness of symptoms, causative agent, mode of spread was reasonably good, knowledge on availability of DOTS centres, services offered through RNTCP is still poor among rural population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreeharshika Dumpeti
- Department of Forensic Medicine, ESIC Medical College, Sanath Nagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Kishore Yadav Jothula
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, Yadadri Bhuvanagiri District, Telangana, India
| | - Navya K Naidu
- Deptartment of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Mangalagiri, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Hall J, Kabir TM, Shih P, Degeling C. Insights into culturally appropriate latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) screening in NSW: perspectives of Indian and Pakistani migrants. Aust N Z J Public Health 2020; 44:353-359. [PMID: 32776658 DOI: 10.1111/1753-6405.13021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Latent tuberculosis (LTBI) case-finding and treatment are a focus of TB elimination in Australia. We sought the perspectives of migrants from two high-burden countries likely to be targeted by this strategy. METHODS To understand perceptions of migrant groups in Australia on LTBI screening, 28 in-depth interviews were conducted with Indian and Pakistani community members recruited purposively through local organisations in the Illawarra region, New South Wales. Drawing on local TB policy, data collected qualitatively was analysed using framework methodologies. RESULTS Australia's immigration system prioritises migrants of higher socioeconomic status. Participants supported elimination but perceived TB as a disease of the poor and not relevant to them. Lack of understanding of LTBI and sensitivity to being 'targeted' are further barriers to screening participation. CONCLUSION Information provision and targeting rationale are an essential preamble to LTBI screening. Migration appears to modify cultural attitudes to TB, but not significantly. Despite less stigma surrounding TB in Australian contexts, testing privacy and confidentiality, and limiting public identification of specific groups remain important to program acceptability. Implications for public health: Progress towards TB elimination can be enhanced by consulting with targeted communities, using existing networks for communication and service provision; emphasising prevention benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Hall
- Australian Centre for Health Engagement, Evidence and Values, Faculty of Social Science, University of Wollongong, New South Wales
| | - Tajmmal Muhammad Kabir
- School of Health and Society, Faculty of Social Science, University of Wollongong, New South Wales
| | - Patti Shih
- Australian Centre for Health Engagement, Evidence and Values, Faculty of Social Science, University of Wollongong, New South Wales
| | - Chris Degeling
- Australian Centre for Health Engagement, Evidence and Values, Faculty of Social Science, University of Wollongong, New South Wales
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Rangaswamy U, Ganachari M. Contribution of community pharmacy in treating tuberculosis: A pharmacy centric study from Belagavi district. JOURNAL OF REPORTS IN PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/jrptps.jrptps_69_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Luba TR, Tang S, Liu Q, Gebremedhin SA, Kisasi MD, Feng Z. Knowledge, attitude and associated factors towards tuberculosis in Lesotho: a population based study. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:96. [PMID: 30696417 PMCID: PMC6352435 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-3688-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lesotho has one of the highest rates of tuberculosis (TB) incidence and TB-HIV co-infection in the world. Our study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and associated factors towards TB in the general population of Lesotho. Methods A cross-sectional analysis from the Lesotho Demographic and Health Survey (LDHS) 2014 was carried out among 9247 respondents. We used the chi-square test as well as univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to assess the associations of socio-demographic variables with respondent knowledge of and attitude towards TB. Results The overall knowledge of TB in the general population of Lesotho was adequate (59.9%). There was a significant difference between female and male respondents regarding knowledge about TB (67.0% vs. 41.8%). Almost 95% of respondents had “heard of an illness called tuberculosis”, and 80.5% knew that TB can be cured. Only 11.5% knew the correct cause of TB (TB is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis). Female respondents were relatively aware of TB, knew about the correct cause and mode for transmission of TB and knew that TB is a curable disease compared to male respondents. A higher proportion of respondents (72.8%) had a positive attitude towards TB. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that sex (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.45, 95% CI: 2.10–2.86; p < 0.001), age (AOR) =1.76, 95% CI: 1.29–2.41; p < 0.001), educational level (AOR = 6.26, 95% CI: 3.90–10.06; p < 0.001), formerly married or cohabitated (AOR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.10–1.85; p = 0.008), mass media exposure (AOR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.08–1.64; p = 0.008) and occupation (AOR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.00–1.44; p = 0.049) were strongly associated with respondent knowledge of TB. Sex (AOR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.01–1.41; p = 0.034), educational level (AOR = 1.661, 95% CI: 06–2.60; p = 0.028), mass media exposure (AOR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.06–1.62; p = 0.012) and occupation (AOR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.04–1.52; p = 0.016) were strongly associated with respondent attitude towards TB. Conclusion Strategies to improve the knowledge of Lesotho’s people about TB should focus on males, young residents, those who are illiterate, those who are unmarried and farmers. Special attention should be given to males, young residents, rural residents, those who are illiterate and farmers to improve their attitude towards TB in Lesotho.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tegene Regassa Luba
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hang Kong Road 13, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.,Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Shangfeng Tang
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hang Kong Road 13, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Qiaoyan Liu
- School of Public health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Simon Afewerki Gebremedhin
- School of Public health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Matiko D Kisasi
- School of basic medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhanchun Feng
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hang Kong Road 13, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
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Diagnostic Errors in Tuberculous Patients: A Multicenter Study from a Developing Country. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 2018:1975931. [PMID: 30538752 PMCID: PMC6260540 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1975931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Although there is still much to learn about the types of errors committed in health care and why they occur, enough is known today to recognize that a serious concern exists for patients. Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that is frequently subject to diagnostic errors. Missed or delayed diagnosis of TB can affect patients and community adversely. Our aim in the present study was at evaluating the type of diagnostic errors in TB patients from symptom onset to diagnosis. This was a multicenter cross-sectional study conducted in three university hospitals in Mashhad, Iran. We showed a long delay in diagnosing TB that is mostly related to the time from first medical visit to diagnosis. Errors in the diagnostic process were identified in 97.5% of patients. The most common type of error in diagnosing TB was failure in hypothesis generation (72%), followed by history taking and physical examination. In conclusion, it seems likely that efforts to improve public awareness of and health literacy for TB, to coordinate the referral and follow-up systems of patients, and to improve physicians' skills in history taking and physical examination and clinical reasoning will result in reduced delay in diagnosis of TB and, perhaps, improved patient safety and community health.
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Patients’ perceptions about the implementation of Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme of India. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 63:86-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijtb.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Health literacy and infectious diseases: why does it matter? Int J Infect Dis 2016; 43:103-110. [PMID: 26751238 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2015.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Multifactorial interventions are crucial to arrest the threat posed by infectious diseases. Public involvement requires adequate information, but determinants such as health literacy can impact on the effective use of such knowledge. The influence of health literacy on infectious diseases is examined in this paper. METHODS Databases were searched from January 1999 through July 2015 seeking studies reporting on health literacy and infections such tuberculosis, malaria, and influenza, and infection-related behaviours such as vaccination and hand hygiene. HIV was excluded, as comprehensive reviews have already been published. RESULTS Studies were found on antibiotic knowledge and use, the adoption of influenza and MMR immunizations, and screening for sexually transmitted and viral hepatitis infections. There was a lack of investigations on areas such as tuberculosis, malaria, hand hygiene, and diarrhoeal diseases. CONCLUSIONS Limited or insufficient health literacy was associated with reduced adoption of protective behaviours such as immunization, and an inadequate understanding of antibiotics, although the relationship was not consistent. Large gaps remain in relation to infectious diseases with a high clinical and societal impact, such as tuberculosis and malaria.
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