Unilateral segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia: A rare entity of 3 cases and review

Segmental Odontomaxillary Dysplasia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia (SOD) is a rare and unusual nonhereditary developmental disorder that affects one side of the maxilla, impacting the hard tissue, soft tissue, and dentition in the affected area. It most frequently presents with enlargement of the gingival and osseous tissue of the affected side and hypodontia of the involved quadrant. Cutaneous irregularities of the impacted area are also common. We report a case of SOD arising in the right maxilla of a three-year-old female. Our report and review of the literature highlight the clinical, radiographic, and histopathologic characteristics of SOD, as well as the management of patients and the proposed etiologies of its pathogenesis.

Segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia: An underrecognized entity

BACKGROUND AND OVERVIEW

Segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia (SOD) is a characteristic developmental abnormality that demonstrates posterior maxillary enlargement, dental abnormalities, altered bone trabeculation, and possible cutaneous findings. Only 62 cases have been reported in the English-language literature.

CASE DESCRIPTION

The authors described 3 newly diagnosed cases of SOD, all found in the left posterior maxilla in adolescent female patients; they reviewed the literature to elucidate this rare entity.

CONCLUSIONS AND PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS

Because of the complexity and variety of associated dental and craniofacial features, patients with SOD may seek diagnosis from various dental and medical providers. The signs of SOD are characteristic, yet the condition is largely underrecognized among health care professionals, which may lead to unnecessary treatment.