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Sobha SP, Kesavarao KE. Progonostic effect of GSTM1/GSTT1 polymorphism in determining cardiovascular diseases risk among type 2 diabetes patients in South Indian population. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:6415-6423. [PMID: 37326751 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08514-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a significant complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with oxidative stress playing a significant role. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) polymorphisms - GSTM1, GSTT1 - have been linked to CVD and T2DM. The role of GSTM1 and GSTT1 in CVD development among T2DM patients in the South Indian population is investigated in this study. MATERIALS AND METHODS The volunteers were grouped as Group 1: control, Group 2: T2DM, Group 3: CVD, and Group 4: T2DM with CVD (n = 100 each). Blood glucose, lipid profile, plasma GST, MDA, and total antioxidants were measured. GSTM1 and GSTT1 were genotyped using PCR. RESULTS GSTT1 plays a significant role in the development of T2DM and CVD [OR 2.96(1.64-5.33), < 0.001 and 3.05(1.67-5.58), < 0.001] while GSTM1 null genotype was not associated with disease development. Individuals with dual null GSTM1/GSTT1 genotype had the highest risk of developing CVD [3.70(1.50-9.11), 0.004]. Group 2 and 3 individuals showed higher lipid peroxidation and lower total antioxidant levels. Pathway analysis further indicated that GSTT1 significantly affects GST plasma levels. CONCLUSION GSTT1 null genotype may be considered a contributing factor that increases the susceptibility and risk of CVD and T2DM in the South Indian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santhi Priya Sobha
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Chengalpattu Dt., TN, 603103, India
| | - Kumar Ebenezar Kesavarao
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Chengalpattu Dt., TN, 603103, India.
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Gao S, Tian J, Li Y, Liu T, Li R, Yang L, Xing Z. Periodontitis and Number of Teeth in the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease: An Updated Meta-Analysis. Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e930112. [PMID: 34421117 PMCID: PMC8394608 DOI: 10.12659/msm.930112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A positive link between periodontitis and chronic systemic disease has been indicated. However, few studies focused on the loss of teeth. Our analysis aims to analyze the relationship of periodontitis and number of teeth with the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Material/Methods A meta-analysis was conducted on qualified data extracted from the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. Only cohort studies were included in this study. We screened articles that assessed the periodontal condition and teeth number as well as the incidence or mortality of CHD. Hazard ratio (HR) and relative risk (RR) were calculated by Stata SE software. Results A total of 11 prospective studies with over 200 000 total participants were analyzed. Ten studies reported on periodontitis and CHD, and 4 studies included data on number of teeth. After adjusting for multivariate factors, there was a significant association between periodontitis and the risk of CHD (RR, 1.18; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10–1.26); the RR of CHD in the edentulous population was 1.20 (95% CI, 1.08–1.34). Moreover, results on the RR values for number of teeth were as follows: 24–17 teeth (RR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.05–1.19); 16–11 (RR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.15–1.42); and ≤10 (RR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.43–1.69). Conclusions Our study showed that periodontitis is a risk factor for CHD and that the number of removed teeth is positively correlated with the risk of CHD. During clinical assessment, both factors need to be considered as factors associated with cardiovascular risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Gao
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China (mainland)
| | - Jinhui Tian
- Center of Evidence-Based Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China (mainland)
| | - Yiting Li
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China (mainland)
| | - Tingjie Liu
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China (mainland)
| | - Ruiping Li
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China (mainland)
| | - Lan Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial, Secondary Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China (mainland)
| | - Zhankui Xing
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial, Secondary Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China (mainland)
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Pająk-Łysek E, Polak M, Kopeć G, Podolec M, Desvarieux M, Pająk A, Zarzecka J. Associations between Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Diseases and Periodontitis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18020770. [PMID: 33477530 PMCID: PMC7831110 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The goal of the study was to assess the relationship between cardioprotective medications, i.e., beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), calcium channel blockers (CCBs), angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), statins, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), and periodontitis (PD). Background: Xerostomia increases the risk of PD and is a side effect of some pharmacotherapies. Information about the effect of cardioprotective treatment of periodontal status is scarce. Methods: We studied 562 dentate residents of Krakow at the age of 50 to 70 years. Information about treatment was collected using a standardized questionnaire. The pocket depth and clinical attachment level (CAL) were used to ascertain PD. Multivariate logistic regression was applied to assess the relation between cardioprotective medications and PD. Results: PD was found in 74% of participants. The range of cardioprotective drug use among participants was 7% (ARBs) to 32% (beta-blockers). After adjusting for age, sex, number of teeth, smoking, and education, ASA’s use was related to a lower prevalence of PD in all dentate participants (odds ratio (OR) = 0.63, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.40–0.99). The use of ARBs and statins was found to be associated with a higher prevalence of PD in persons having ≥6 teeth (odds ratio (OR) = 3.57, 95% CI: 1.06–11.99 and OR = 1.81, 95% CI: 1.03–3.16, respectively). Further adjustment for CVD risk factors, history of coronary heart disease, and other chronic diseases did not attenuate the results. There was no significant relation between PD and the use of other cardioprotective drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Pająk-Łysek
- Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics, Institute of Dentistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-155 Kraków, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-500031556
| | - Maciej Polak
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-066 Kraków, Poland; (M.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Grzegorz Kopeć
- Pulmonary Circulation Centre, Department of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-008 Kraków, Poland;
- John Paul II Hospital, 31-202 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Mateusz Podolec
- John Paul II Hospital, 31-202 Kraków, Poland;
- Department of Coronary Artery Disease and Heart Failure, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, John Paul II Hospital, 31-008 Kraków, Poland
| | - Moïse Desvarieux
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA;
- INSERM UMR 1153, Center de Recherche Epidemiologie et Statistique Paris Sorbonne Cité (CRESS), METHODS Core, 75004 Paris, France
| | - Andrzej Pająk
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-066 Kraków, Poland; (M.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Joanna Zarzecka
- Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics, Institute of Dentistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-155 Kraków, Poland;
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Silva NNQ, Albuquerque E Aguiar IH, Gomes MVSW, Neto OBDO, Penteado LADM, de Lima FJC. Is there evidence that periodontal diseases are risk factors for coronary arterial disease?-Scoping review. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2020; 41:66-77. [PMID: 33215733 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine the scientific evidence regarding the condition of periodontal diseases (PDs) as risk factors of coronary artery diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS A scoping review was performed through the selection of articles from online databases (Medline via PubMed, LILACS, and Cochrane CENTRAL), using a search algorithm and eligibility criteria for data extraction and data synthesis of included papers. Four hundred forty-one studies from online databases and 1364 from reference lists were initially identified, and 34 articles were selected for inclusion. Articles had to be published between 2015 and 2020 and had to associate PDs to coronary arterial diseases. All studies comprised a sample of 446443 participants. Favorable opinions totaled 70.59%, and the cross-sectional observational study design was more frequently found (32.35%). Biochemical outcomes were showed more frequently, such as inflammatory biomarkers (58.82%). Despite a large advantage for favorable opinions, a statistically significant result was not found when extracted data were combined with studies opinions. CONCLUSION The evidence was classified as level II-3, hence, still distant from the best ranks and can therefore be considered as unclear. Moreover, studies with the higher potential to generate evidence showed a high risk of bias.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Olavo Barbosa de Oliveira Neto
- Institute of Health and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil.,CESMAC University Center, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | | | - Fernando José Camello de Lima
- Human Anatomy Division, Institute of Health and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil
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Sun Q, Zhang Z, Ou Y. A Allele of ICAM-1 Rs5498 and VCAM-1 Rs3181092 is Correlated with Increased Risk for Periodontal Disease. Open Life Sci 2019; 14:638-646. [PMID: 33817202 PMCID: PMC7874761 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2019-0072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Periodontal disease (PD) is viewed today as multifactorial problems initiated and sustained by bacteria but significantly modified by the body’s response to bacterial plaque. Recent studies have suggested that gene polymorphisms could be involved in the pathophysiology of periodontitis. This study aimed to investigate a possible correlation of the polymorphisms of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) with PD. Methods The genotypes of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 were initially determined in PD patients using denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC). ELISA was then conducted to measure ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 protein levels. Next, the association of ICAM-1/VCAM-1 genotype distribution and expression with clinical indicators and severity of PD was analyzed. Results PD patients contained increased levels of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), increased ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 protein levels, and decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level. The GG genotype and G allele at ICAM-1 rs5498, as well as the AG and GG genotypes and G allele at VCAM-1 rs3181092 may reduce PD risk. Conclusion To sum up, the overexpressed ICAM-1 and VCA M-1 as well as A allele of ICAM-1 rs5498 and VCAM-1 rs3181092 is associated with the onset of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijun Sun
- Stomatology Therapeutic Center, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Cent Hosp Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, P.R. China
| | - Zongxin Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Cent Hosp Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, P.R. China
| | - Yuejian Ou
- Stomatology Therapeutic Center, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Cent Hosp Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, P.R. China
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Beydoun HA, Hossain S, Beydoun MA, Weiss J, Zonderman AB, Eid SM. Periodontal disease, sleep duration, and white blood cell markers in the 2009 to 2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. J Periodontol 2019; 91:582-595. [PMID: 31554016 DOI: 10.1002/jper.19-0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated levels of inflammatory biomarkers are consistently associated with chronic conditions, for which periodontitis and sleep are established risk factors. We examined the relationships between periodontitis, hours of sleep and white blood cell (WBC) markers among a nationally representative sample of US adults. METHODS Cross-sectional study using existing demographic, examination, laboratory and questionnaire data on 11,813 participants (5,814 men and 5,999 women, mean age ± SE; range: 52.74 ± 0.24; 30 to 80 years) from the 2009 to 2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Unadjusted, sex- and age-adjusted, as well as fully adjusted linear and logistic regression models were conducted in addition to generalized structural equations models, while considering sampling design complexity. β, odds ratios with their 95% confidence intervals, indirect effects and mediation proportions were estimated. RESULTS The weighted mean WBC count was 7,130 cells/µL, with the WBC 5-part differential estimated in terms of percentages of lymphocytes (29.50%), monocytes (7.99%), neutrophils (59.03%), eosinophils (2.84%), and basophils (71.88%). Furthermore, 36.2% of participants reported <7 hours of sleep and 49.8% had periodontitis. In fully adjusted models controlling for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health characteristics, neither WBC markers nor periodontitis were related to hours of sleep. By contrast, periodontitis was directly related to WBC count and %neutrophils and inversely related to %lymphocytes, especially among men. However, the relationship of periodontitis with %neutrophils and %lymphocytes may be modified by hours of sleep, as it was specific to individuals reporting ≥7 hours of sleep. CONCLUSION Periodontitis may be directly related to WBC count and %neutrophils and inversely related to %lymphocytes, especially among men and individuals reporting ≥7 hours of sleep, with implications for primary and secondary prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hind A Beydoun
- Department of Research Programs, Fort Belvoir Community Hospital, Fort Belvoir, VA
| | - Sharmin Hossain
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIA/NIH/IRP, Baltimore, MD
| | - May A Beydoun
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIA/NIH/IRP, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jordan Weiss
- Population Studies Center and Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIA/NIH/IRP, Baltimore, MD
| | - Shaker M Eid
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Moeintaghavi A, Arab HR, Moghaddam MA, Shahmohammadi R, Bardan BY, Soroush Z. Evaluation of Effect of Surgical and Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy on Serum C-Reactive Protein, Triglyceride, Cholesterol, Serum Lipoproteins and Fasting Blood Sugar in Patients with Severe Chronic Periodontitis. Open Dent J 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1874210601913010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background:Cardiovascular disease has been associated with multiple risk factors such as dyslipidemia. However, the focus has recently shifted towards some novel risk factorsi.e. infection from periodontitis.Given this background, we aimed to assess the effect of periodontal therapy on some CVD risk factors including Total Cholesterol (TC), Low-Density Lipoprotein(LDL), High-Density Lipoprotein(HDL), Triglycerides(TG) and C-Reactive Protein (CRP). Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) level has also been measured.Methods:Thirty patients (12 male and 18 female) who had severe periodontitis were tested for different blood parameters; namely Total Cholesterol (TC), Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL), High-Density Lipoprotein(HDL), Triglycerides (TGs), C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS). Enzymatic colorimetric methods were applied to measure all the parameters’ values except for CRP. The first stage of periodontal treatment comprised oral hygiene instruction as well as scaling and root planing. After 1 month, at the next stage, open flap debridement surgery was performed on all 4 quadrants of the mouth. The blood parameters were reassessed and compared with the baseline values after 3 months. Two patients (female) failed to participate in the follow-ups. The Pearson's and Spearman's correlation coefficients were calculated to determine whether changes in laboratory variables are associated with age and average probing depth or not.Results:All the assessed parameters related to 28 patients showed mean reduction which proved to be significant for CRP (p=0.011) and cholesterol (p=0.035). Among all parameters, only CRP level was found to have a significant positive correlation with pocket depth. Other blood parameters' relationship with age and probing depth proved to be insignificant.Conclusion:Considering the results, periodontal treatment may significantly lower lipid profile serum levels and some inflammatory factors.
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