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Dwivedi S, Sharma P, Goel A, Khattri S, Misra S, Pant KK. Occupational and Environmental Exposure Influences the Inflammatory (Pro-and Anti-) Status in Benign Prostate Hyperplasia and Prostate Carcinoma Patients: A Retrospective Analysis. Indian J Clin Biochem 2024; 39:241-247. [PMID: 38577138 PMCID: PMC10987436 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-023-01112-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Multiple diseases and disorders are connected with occupational and environmental exposure risk. It is also well-established that chemicals and chemical mixtures have an influence on the immune cells of humans. This is an important field of research that has been pursued extensively in relation to autoimmune illnesses, allergy/asthma, and lung cancer, but Prostate Carcinoma has received rare reports. Chronic chemical exposure is known to produce inflammation, which is one of the most prominent characteristics of all malignancies. Changes in the ratio of pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory molecules are thought to be a key factor in the emergence of inflammation. Prostate gland cells express the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-18 (IL-18), which is a major facilitator of immunological responses. Conversely, interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine that is linked to immune responses and inhibits the development of an inflammatory environment. Our goal is to investigate the inflammatory status of IL-18 (pro-) and IL-10 (anti-) in a variety of occupationally exposed populations in patients with Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH) and patients with Prostate Carcinoma. The present study was conducted with 664 subjects, comprising 285 Prostate Carcinoma patients, 94 BPH patients and 285 controls. The subjects of BPH and Prostate Carcinoma were screened and confirmed on the basis of Prostate Serum Antigen (PSA) and pathological biopsy. All subjects were categorized as per their occupational exposure into various groups. The pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory Interleukins (IL-18 and IL-10) and serum PSA levels were analysed by using corresponding quantitative ELISA kits. The results showed that as compared to control participants, the serum PSA levels were higher in the Prostate Carcinoma and BPH groups. When mean levels of IL-18 were compared between various occupational groups, Tanners (tanning industry), Agriculture, and Ordnance workers had significantly higher levels (P < 0.05) of IL-18 than sedentary workers. The pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-18) levels were also found to be aggravated in Prostate Carcinoma compared to BPH and controls. According to the findings of the current study, the levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-18 and IL-10) in various occupational groups of BPH, Prostate Carcinoma, and controls were altered. Long-term occupational exposure may have a negative influence on inflammation levels and the immune system; therefore, preventative measures should be explored for improved health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailendra Dwivedi
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, 273008 India
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, 243005 India
| | - Praveen Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, 243005 India
| | - Apul Goel
- Department of Urology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, 226003 India
| | - Sanjay Khattri
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, King George Medical University, Lucknow, 226003 India
| | - Sanjeev Misra
- Department of Surgical Oncology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, India
- Atal Bihari Vajpayee Medical University, Lucknow, 226003 India
| | - Kamlesh Kumar Pant
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, 243005 India
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Nolazco JI, Mucci LA, Sosnowski R, Przewoźniak K, Chang SL, De Nunzio C. Relationship between cigarette use and prostate cancer risk: what do we know and what should we do? Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2023; 26:516-518. [PMID: 37087528 DOI: 10.1038/s41391-023-00671-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- José Ignacio Nolazco
- Division of Urological Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario Austral, Universidad Austral, Pilar, Argentina.
| | - Lorelei A Mucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roman Sosnowski
- Department of Urogenital Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Przewoźniak
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Primary Prevention, Maria Skłodowska Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
- Global Institute of Family Health, Calisia University, Calisia, Poland
| | - Steven L Chang
- Division of Urological Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cosimo De Nunzio
- Department of Urology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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Nagakura Y, Hayashi M, Kajioka S. Lifestyle habits to prevent the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia: Analysis of Japanese nationwide datasets. Prostate Int 2022; 10:200-206. [PMID: 36570647 PMCID: PMC9747574 DOI: 10.1016/j.prnil.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) refers to nonmalignant hyperplasia of prostate tissue, which causes lower urinary tract symptoms and has become a global public health concern in the aging population. The purpose of this study is to identify modifiable factors, which would prevent or delay BPH development. Methods The association between BPH marker drugs and climate-, socioeconomic-, health condition-, and lifestyle habits-related variables was investigated by analyzing nationwide datasets which were collected in 2018, aggregated by prefecture (administrative unit), and published by Japanese ministries. Uroselective α1 receptor blockers and dutasteride were used as marker drugs referring to BPH prevalence. Correlation analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, and binomial logistic regression analysis were conducted with 47 Japanese prefectures as the unit. Results The variables which showed |r| > 0.5 by correlation analysis were exercise habits (r = -0.5696), smoking habits (r = 0.6116), and daily drinking (r = 0.6001) for uroselective α1 receptor blockers, and antihypertensive medication (r = 0.5971), smoking habits (r = 0.6598), a small amount of drinking (r = -0.5292), and serum alanine aminotransferase (r = 0.6814) for dutasteride. Multiple linear regression equations were constructed by including these variables (R 2 = 0.5453 for uroselective α1 receptor blockers and R 2 = 0.5673 for dutasteride). Binomial logistic regression analysis found a significant association between climate in the resident area and BPH development. Conclusion This ecological study, analyzing Japanese nationwide datasets, demonstrates that healthy lifestyle habits, especially avoidance of smoking, implementation of exercise in daily life, and a small amount of alcohol consumption, are important to prevent or delay BPH development. High blood pressure and high serum alanine aminotransferase are suggested as risk factors of BPH development.
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Key Words
- ALT, serum alanine aminotransferase
- BMI, body mass index
- BP, blood pressure
- BPH, benign prostatic hyperplasia
- Benign prostatic hyperplasia
- Ccr, creatinine clearance
- Climate
- HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol
- HbA1c, hemoglbinA1c
- Health condition
- LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol
- Lifestyle habits
- MHLW, Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare
- NDB, National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups
- Socioeconomic variable
- VIF, variance inflation factor
- eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukinori Nagakura
- School of Pharmacy at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare, 137-1, Enokizu, Okawa-city, Fukuoka 831-8501, Japan,Corresponding author. School of Pharmacy at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare, 137-1, Enokizu, Okawa-city, Fukuoka 831-8501, Japan.
| | - Maya Hayashi
- The Ministry of Justice in Japan, Correction Bureau, 1-1-1 Kasumigaseki Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-8977, Japan
| | - Shunichi Kajioka
- School of Pharmacy at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare, 137-1, Enokizu, Okawa-city, Fukuoka 831-8501, Japan
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Veras ASC, Baptista DB, Dos Santos NJ, Thorpe HHA, Seraphim PM, Florido Neto AR, Teixeira GR. Impact of cigarette smoke and aerobic physical training on histological and molecular markers of prostate health in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 53:e9108. [PMID: 32321149 PMCID: PMC7184962 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20209108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that aerobic physical training may attenuate the deleterious effects of cancer risk factors, including smoking. We investigated the effects of cigarette smoke inhalation and aerobic physical training on the expression of steroid receptors and inflammatory and apoptotic proteins in the prostate. Forty male Wistar rats were distributed in four groups: control (CO), exercise (EXE), cigarette smoke exposure (CS), and cigarette smoke exposure with exercise (CS+EXE). For eight weeks, animals were repeatedly exposed to cigarette smoke for 30 min or performed aerobic physical training either with or without the cigarette smoke inhalation protocol. Following these experiments, we analyzed prostate epithelial morphology and prostatic expression of androgen (AR) and glucocorticoid receptors (GR), insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2), BCL-2-associated X protein (BAX), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) via immunohistochemistry. Cigarette smoke exposure stimulated the expression of AR, IGF-1, BCL-2, and NF-κB while downregulating BAX, IL-6, and TNF-α labeling in the prostate. In contrast, aerobic physical training attenuated cigarette smoke-induced changes in AR, GR, IGF-1, BCL-2, IL-6, TNF-α, and NF-κB. This suggests that cigarette smoke stimulates inflammation and reduces apoptosis, culminating in increased prostatic epithelial and extracellular matrices, whereas physical training promoted beneficial effects towards maintaining normal prostate morphology and protein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S C Veras
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Motricidade, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brasil
| | - D B Baptista
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Motricidade, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brasil
| | - N J Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Estrutural, Universidade de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - H H A Thorpe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - P M Seraphim
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brasil
| | - A R Florido Neto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisiologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - G R Teixeira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Motricidade, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brasil.,Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, UNESP, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brasil
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Yuanyuan G, Xue Y, Yachao L, Xiao F, Xu C. Association between IL-18 -607 C/A Polymorphism and the Risk of Prostate Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Case-Control Studies. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20:1595-1602. [PMID: 31244277 PMCID: PMC7021598 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.6.1595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Accumulating evidence shows that cytokines play an important role in the proliferation of prostate
cancer. This research is trying to determine that IL-18 -607 C/A polymorphism confers susceptibility to prostate cancer.
Methods: Meta-analysis was used to collect data. The relevant studies were identified through a comprehensive search
from PubMed, Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), Web of Science, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database
(CBM) to obtain related studies published up to December 6, 2017. The association between interleukin (IL)-18 -607 C/A
polymorphism and prostate cancer risk was assessed by odds ratios (ORs) together with their 95% confidence intervals
(CIs). Results: Nine case-control studies from 6 articles were eventually identified. In the overall population, there is a
significant association between IL-18 -607 C/A polymorphism and prostate cancer risk in recessive (CC versus CA/AA:
OR = 0.20, 95% CI = 0.15-0.27, P = 0.000) or dominant (CC/CA versus AA:OR = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.30–0.57, P = 0.000)
models. In the sub-group analysis according to ethnicity, for Asians, IL-18 -607 C/A polymorphism was significantly
associated with prostate cancer in allele contrast (C versus. A: OR=0.82, 95%CI=0.70-0.97, P=0.019), homozygote
(CC versus. AA: OR=0.68, 95%CI=0.50-0.92, P=0.013), recessive (CC versus. CA/AA: OR=0.19, 95%CI=0.13-0.27,
P=0.000), and dominant (CC/CA versus. AA: OR=0.37, 95%CI=0.28-0.48, P=0.000) models, for Caucasians, IL-18
-607 C/A polymorphism was significantly associated with prostate cancer risk in allele contrast (C versus. A: OR=1.27,
95%CI=1.02-1.58, P=0.033), homozygote (CC versus. AA: OR=1.86, 95%CI=1.19-2.91, P=0.007) and recessive (CC
versus. CA/AA: OR=0.25, 95%CI=0.19-0.33, P=0.000) models. Conclusion: This meta-analysis has shown that IL-18
-607 C/A polymorphism contributes to a decreased risk of prostate cancer risk in the Asian population but an increased
risk in the Caucasian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao Yuanyuan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China. ,Central Laboratory of Pediatric Research Institute, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yu Xue
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Li Yachao
- Central Laboratory of Pediatric Research Institute, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Feng Xiao
- Central Laboratory of Pediatric Research Institute, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Effect of Severity of Opiate Use on Cardiometabolic Profile of Chronic Opiate Dependents of Western Rajasthan. Indian J Clin Biochem 2018; 34:280-287. [PMID: 31391717 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-018-0759-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Lack of cardiometabolic profile data based on severity of opiate dependence for opiate abusers. The study aimed to evaluate the effect severity of opiate abuse on the cardiometabolic profile of male opiate abusers without co-morbidities. The study included 30 healthy controls (HCs), 90 prospective chronic opiate (opium and heroin) abusers, with and without co-dependence of smoking and tobacco-chewing. The subjects were categorized based on severity of opiate dependence questionnaire (SODQ) and metabolic syndrome (MS) based on NCEP ATP-III criteria and fasting blood samples analyzed for sugar, insulin, insulin resistance (IR), lipid profile, Hs-CRP and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). There was higher prevalence of MS in opiate abusers as compared to HCs. Majority of the patients fell in grade 2 and 3 of severity. There was significant difference across groups for WHR (p < 0.001), SBP (p < 0.03), FBS (p < 0.001), insulin (p < 0.02), IR (p < 0.03) and TAC (p < 0.01). Multiple regression analysis of SODQ grades 2 and 3 independently predicted TAC by Hs-CRP (p = 0.032 and 0.042). There was a significant correlation of TAC with serum insulin, IR and Hs-CRP in SODQ grade 2 and serum insulin and Hs-CRP in SODQ grade 3. Chronic opiate abuse is not benign and predisposes abusers to cardiometabolic risk with increasing severity of dependence, owing to oxidative stress and chronic low-grade inflammation.
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Dwivedi S, Purohit P, Misra R, Pareek P, Goel A, Khattri S, Pant KK, Misra S, Sharma P. Diseases and Molecular Diagnostics: A Step Closer to Precision Medicine. Indian J Clin Biochem 2017; 32:374-398. [PMID: 29062170 PMCID: PMC5634985 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-017-0688-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The current advent of molecular technologies together with a multidisciplinary interplay of several fields led to the development of genomics, which concentrates on the detection of pathogenic events at the genome level. The structural and functional genomics approaches have now pinpointed the technical challenge in the exploration of disease-related genes and the recognition of their structural alterations or elucidation of gene function. Various promising technologies and diagnostic applications of structural genomics are currently preparing a large database of disease-genes, genetic alterations etc., by mutation scanning and DNA chip technology. Further the functional genomics also exploring the expression genetics (hybridization-, PCR- and sequence-based technologies), two-hybrid technology, next generation sequencing with Bioinformatics and computational biology. Advances in microarray “chip” technology as microarrays have allowed the parallel analysis of gene expression patterns of thousands of genes simultaneously. Sequence information collected from the genomes of many individuals is leading to the rapid discovery of single nucleotide polymorphisms or SNPs. Further advances of genetic engineering have also revolutionized immunoassay biotechnology via engineering of antibody-encoding genes and the phage display technology. The Biotechnology plays an important role in the development of diagnostic assays in response to an outbreak or critical disease response need. However, there is also need to pinpoint various obstacles and issues related to the commercialization and widespread dispersal of genetic knowledge derived from the exploitation of the biotechnology industry and the development and marketing of diagnostic services. Implementation of genetic criteria for patient selection and individual assessment of the risks and benefits of treatment emerges as a major challenge to the pharmaceutical industry. Thus this field is revolutionizing current era and further it may open new vistas in the field of disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailendra Dwivedi
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, 342005 India
| | - Purvi Purohit
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, 342005 India
| | - Radhieka Misra
- Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Lucknow, 226003 India
| | - Puneet Pareek
- Department of Radio-Therapy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, 342005 India
| | - Apul Goel
- Department of Urology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, 226003 India
| | - Sanjay Khattri
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, King George Medical University, Lucknow, 226003 India
| | - Kamlesh Kumar Pant
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, King George Medical University, Lucknow, 226003 India
| | - Sanjeev Misra
- Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, 342005 India
| | - Praveen Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, 342005 India
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Manavalan S, Getachew B, Manaye KF, Khundmiri SJ, Csoka AB, McKinley R, Tamas A, Reglodi D, Tizabi Y. PACAP Protects Against Ethanol and Nicotine Toxicity in SH-SY5Y Cells: Implications for Drinking-Smoking Co-morbidity. Neurotox Res 2017; 32:8-13. [PMID: 28342135 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-017-9727-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The detrimental effects of heavy drinking and smoking are multiplied when the two are combined. Treatment modalities for each and especially for the combination are very limited. Although in low concentration, alcohol and nicotine, each may have beneficial effects including neuroprotection, their combination, instead of providing additive protection, may actually lead to toxicity in cell cultures. Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is an endogenous 38 amino-acid peptide with demonstrated protection against neuronal injury, trauma as well as various endogenous and exogenous toxic agents. The aim of this study was to investigate whether PACAP may also protect against toxicity induced by high alcohol, high nicotine, or the combination of low alcohol and nicotine concentrations, and if so, whether this effect was mediated via PAC1 receptor. We used the neuroblastoma-derived SH-SY5Y cells and applied various colorimetric assays for determination of cell viability or toxicity. Results indicate that PACAP blocks toxicity induced by high alcohol and high nicotine as well as their combination at low concentrations. The effects of PACAP in turn were blocked by the PACAP antagonist (PACAP 6-38), indicating involvement of the PACAP receptor PAC1 and possibly vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) receptors in PACAP's protection. Moreover, no combined toxicity of low alcohol and low nicotine could be detected in calcium-free medium. These findings suggest possible beneficial effects of PACAP in preventing alcohol and nicotine toxicity and that calcium contributes to the damage induced by combination of low alcohol and nicotine in SH-SY5Y cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sridharan Manavalan
- Department of Basic Sciences, National University of Health Sciences, Pinellas Park, FL, USA.,Department of Anatomy, University of Pecs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Bruk Getachew
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, 520 W Street, NW, Washington, DC, 20059, USA
| | - Kebreten F Manaye
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Syed J Khundmiri
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Antonei B Csoka
- Department of Anatomy, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Raechel McKinley
- Department of Anatomy, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Andrea Tamas
- Department of Anatomy, University of Pecs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Dora Reglodi
- Department of Anatomy, University of Pecs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Yousef Tizabi
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, 520 W Street, NW, Washington, DC, 20059, USA.
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Dwivedi S, Singh S, Goel A, Khattri S, Mandhani A, Sharma P, Misra S, Pant KK. Pro-(IL-18) and Anti-(IL-10) Inflammatory Promoter Genetic Variants (Intrinsic Factors) with Tobacco Exposure (Extrinsic Factors) May Influence Susceptibility and Severity of Prostate Carcinoma: A Prospective Study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 16:3173-81. [PMID: 25921117 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.8.3173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been hypothesized that IL-18 (pro-) and IL-10 (anti-) inflammatory genetic variants at -607 C/A-137G/C and -819C/T,-592C/A, respectively, may generate susceptibility and severity risk with various modes of tobacco exposure in prostate carcinoma (PCa) patients. IL-18 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine expressed on various cells including prostate gland elements, and is a key mediator of immune responses with anti-cancerous properties. IL-10 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine that is associated with tumour malignancy which causes immune escape. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study was conducted with 540 subjects, comprising 269 prostate carcinoma patients and 271 controls. Genotyping was performed by PCR-RFLP and confirmed by real time PCR probe-based methods. RESULTS The findings indicated that the mutant heterozygous and homozygous genotype CC and GC+CC showed significant negative associations (p=0.01, OR=0.21; 95% CI: 0.08-0.51 and p=0.011, OR=0.43; 95% CI: 0.22-0.81, respectively) thus, less chance to be diagnosed as cancer against GG genotype of tobacco smoking patients. In addition, a heterozygous GC genotype at the same locus of IL-18 pro-inflammatory cytokine may aggravate the severity (OR=2.82; 95%CI 1.09-7.29 :p=001) so that patients are more likely to be diagnosed in advanced stage than with the GG wild homozygous genotype. Our results also illustrated that anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) genetic variants, although showing no significant association with susceptibility to cancer of the prostate, may gave profound effects on severity of the disease, as -819 TC (OR=4.60; 95%CI 1.35-15.73), and -592 AC (OR=5.04; 95%CI 1.08-25.43) of IL-10 in tobacco chewers and combined users (both chewers and smokers) respectively, are associated with diagnosis in more advanced stage than with other variants. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that promoter genetic variants of IL-18 and IL-10 with various modes of tobacco exposure may affect not only susceptibility risk but also severity in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailendra Dwivedi
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India E-mail : tarang2016@ gmail.com
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Dwivedi S, Goel A, Mandhani A, Khattri S, Sharma P, Misra S, Pant KK. Functional genetic variability at promoters of pro-(IL-18) and anti-(IL-10) inflammatory affects their mRNA expression and survival in prostate carcinoma patients: Five year follow-up study. Prostate 2015; 75:1737-46. [PMID: 26277868 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is an important hallmark of all cancers. The net inflammatory response is determined by a delicate balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, which, in turn, is determined by the genetic make-up. The present study investigates the role of variations in the promoter regions of IL-18 and IL-10 (anti-inflammatory) cytokines on mRNA expressions and survival in prostate cancer (PCa) patients. METHODS The study was conducted on 584 volunteer males (291 patients of PCa, between 40-80 years of age. Genetic variants were studied by using RFLP and confirmed by probe based method. Expressions of mRNA were evaluated by real-time PCR (Roche light cycler 480). Relative mRNA and fold change gene expressions were analyzed by ([1/2] (ΔCt) ) and (2(-ΔΔCt) ) methods, respectively, and 5 year follow-ups were evaluated by Log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test with Log-rank test for trends. RESULTS IL-18 mRNA expression was significantly elevated in GG genotypes (at -137) of PCa with relative mRNA expression of 13.95, that is, 8.48 folds higher (P < 0.05) than controls; and showed a significant median survival of 1243 days. The CC genotypes of IL-10 at both loci (-819 T/C and -592C/A) showed 3.63 and 3.52 higher relative mRNA expressions than controls, but poor survival of 984 and 1052 days than TT of 1359 days and AA of 1371 days. CONCLUSIONS Genetic variants of pro-inflammatory IL-18 which showed higher relative mRNA expressions have better survival. Genetic variants of anti-inflammatory IL-10 with higher relative mRNA expression showed decreased chances of survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailendra Dwivedi
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, King George Medical University (KGMU), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Apul Goel
- Department of Urology, King George Medical University (KGMU), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anil Mandhani
- Department of Urology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGI), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sanjay Khattri
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, King George Medical University (KGMU), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Praveen Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sanjeev Misra
- Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Kamlesh Kumar Pant
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, King George Medical University (KGMU), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Dwivedi S, Goel A, Khattri S, Mandhani A, Sharma P, Misra S, Pant KK. Genetic variability at promoters of IL-18 (pro-) and IL-10 (anti-) inflammatory gene affects susceptibility and their circulating serum levels: An explorative study of prostate cancer patients in North Indian populations. Cytokine 2015; 74:117-22. [PMID: 25892571 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is an important hallmark of all types of cancers with a well-established role in carcinogenesis. The net inflammatory response is determined by the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, the levels of which may be affected by the genetic make-up. Interleukin (IL)-18, a pro-inflammatory cytokine expressed by various cells including those of the prostate, is a key mediator of anti-cancer immune response. IL-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine associated with tumour malignancy, causes escape from immune surveillance. This study hypothesizes that genetic variants of IL-18 (-607 C/A and -137 G/T) and IL-10 (-819 C/T and -592 C/A) may influence the circulating levels of these interleukins, thereby generating susceptibility risk to prostate cancer. The study was conducted on 676 subjects (controls and patients of prostate cancer (PCa): 291 each; and 94 patients with benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH)). Genotyping was performed by PCR-RFLP and Real-Time PCR probe-based method. Circulating interleukin levels were obtained by ELISA. Circulating IL-18 levels were significantly elevated in cancer and BPH patients carrying GG genotypes for -137 of IL-18. The trend of circulating IL-18 levels was GG>GC>CC, observed in all groups. The -137 genetic variants of IL-18 significantly associated with PCa risk were GC, CC, and GC+CC, compared to GG (OR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.20-2.46; OR: 3.35, 95% CI: 2.03-5.53; and OR: 2.05, 95% CI: 1.46-2.87, respectively). A significant association of AA and CA+AA against CC genotype was observed at -607 locus of IL-18 (OR: 0.46, 95%CI: 0.29-0.72; OR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.41-0.90, respectively). Significantly elevated levels of IL-10 were observed with TT (wild) genotype at -819 of IL-10, compared to the CC (homozygous mutant) genotype in all three groups of subjects. However, no significant association was found between IL-10 promoter genotypes and PCa risk. We conclude that genetic variants of IL-18 and IL-10 promoters influence the circulating levels of these interleukins. Variations at -137 and -607 loci of IL-18 are associated with susceptibility to PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailendra Dwivedi
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005, India; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, King George Medical University (KGMU), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India.
| | - Apul Goel
- Department of Urology, King George Medical University (KGMU), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India
| | - Sanjay Khattri
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, King George Medical University (KGMU), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India
| | - Anil Mandhani
- Department of Urology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGI), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226014, India
| | - Praveen Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005, India
| | - Sanjeev Misra
- Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005, India
| | - Kamlesh Kumar Pant
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, King George Medical University (KGMU), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India
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Mobley D, Baum N. Smoking: Its Impact on Urologic Health. Rev Urol 2015; 17:220-225. [PMID: 26839519 PMCID: PMC4735668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Tobacco use remains the single largest preventable cause of disease and premature death in the United States, and smoking is a leading cause of cancer and death from cancer. There is also evidence that smoking is associated with several urologic diseases. Urologists have a unique opportunity to help our patients lead healthy lifestyles, which includes ending their dependence on nicotine and tobacco. This article points out the various urologic conditions associated with smoking and tobacco use with the intention of providing physicians and patients with knowledge and education regarding this connection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Neil Baum
- Department of Urology, Tulane Medical School, New Orleans, LA
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13
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Dwivedi S, Goel A, Khattri S, Sharma P, Pant KK. Aggravation of inflammation by smokeless tobacco in comparison of smoked tobacco. Indian J Clin Biochem 2014; 30:117-9. [PMID: 25646053 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-014-0467-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shailendra Dwivedi
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, 342005 India ; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, King George Medical University, Lucknow, 226003 India
| | - Apul Goel
- Department of Urology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, 226003 India
| | - Sanjay Khattri
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, King George Medical University, Lucknow, 226003 India
| | - Praveen Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, 342005 India
| | - Kamlesh Kumar Pant
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, King George Medical University, Lucknow, 226003 India
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Tobacco exposure by various modes may alter proinflammatory (IL-12) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) levels and affects the survival of prostate carcinoma patients: an explorative study in North Indian population. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:158530. [PMID: 25177683 PMCID: PMC4142285 DOI: 10.1155/2014/158530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective. Inflammation is an important hallmark of all cancers and net inflammatory response is determined by a delicate balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, which may be affected by tobacco exposure, so the present study was designed to explore the effect of various modes of tobacco exposure on interleukin-12 (IL-12) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) inflammatory cytokine levels and survival in prostate carcinoma (PCa) patients. Methods. 285 cancer patients and equal controls with 94 BPH (benign prostatic hyperplasia) were recruited; baseline levels of serum IL-12 and IL-10 were measured and analyzed in various tobacco exposed groups by appropriate statistical tool. Five-year survivals of patients were analyzed by Log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test (graph pad version 5). Results. The expression of serum proinflammatory (IL-12) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines was correlated with tobacco exposed group as smokers, chewers, and alcohol users have shown significantly higher levels (P < 0.001) with significantly lower median survivals (27.1 months, standard error = 2.86, and 95% CI: 21.4–32.62); than nonusers. Stages III and IV of tobacco addicted patients have also shown significantly increased levels of IL-12 and IL-10. Conclusions. IL-12 and IL-10 seem to be affected by various modes of tobacco exposure and inflammation also affects median survival of cancer patients.
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Tsai HT, Hsin CH, Hsieh YH, Tang CH, Yang SF, Lin CW, Chen MK. Impact of interleukin-18 polymorphisms -607A/C and -137G/C on oral cancer occurrence and clinical progression. PLoS One 2013; 8:e83572. [PMID: 24349532 PMCID: PMC3862691 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to identify gene polymorphisms of interleukin-18 (IL-18) -607A/C and -137G/C specific to patients with oral cancer susceptibility and clinicopathological status. METHODOLOGY AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS A total of 1,126 participants, including 559 healthy people and 567 patients with oral cancer, were recruited for this study. Allelic discrimination of -607A/C (rs1946518) and -137G/C (rs187238) polymorphisms of the IL-18 gene was assessed by a real-time PCR with the TaqMan assay. There was no significant association between IL-18 -607A/C polymorphism and oral cancer risk. However, among alcohol consumers, people with A/A homozygotes of IL-18 -607A/C polymorphism had a 2.38-fold (95% CI=1.17-4.86; p=0.01) increased risk of developing oral cancer compared with those with C/C homozygotes. The participants with G/C heterozygotes of IL-18 -137 polymorphism had a 1.64-fold (95% CI: 1.08-2.48; p=0.02) increased risk of developing oral cancer compared with those with G/G wild type homozygotes. Both sets of statistics were determined after adjusting for confounding factors. Among people who had exposure to oral cancer-related environmental risk factors such as areca, alcohol, and tobacco consumption, the adjusted odd ratios and 95% confidence intervals were increased to a 2.02-fold (95% CI=1.01-4.04; p=0.04), 4.04 (95% CI=1.65-9.87; p=0.002) and a 1.66-fold (95% CI=1.00-2.84; p=0.05) risk of developing oral cancer. However, patients with G/C alleles of IL-18 -137 were correlated with a lower clinical stage (AOR=0.59; 95% CI=0.39-0.89; p=0.01), smaller tumor size (AOR=0.56; 95% CI=0.35-0.87; p=0.01), and non-lymph node metastasis (AOR=0.51; 95% CI=0.32-0.80; p=0.003). CONCLUSION IL-18 -137 G/C gene polymorphism may be a factor that increases the susceptibility to oral cancer, as well as a protective factor for oral cancer progression. The interactions of gene to oral cancer-related environmental risk factors have a synergetic effect that can further enhance oral cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiu-Ting Tsai
- School of Nursing, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Han Hsin
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (CWL); (MKC)
| | - Mu-Kuan Chen
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (CWL); (MKC)
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