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Ramli H, Yusop N, Ramli R, Berahim Z, Peiris R, Ghani N. Application of neurotransmitters and dental stem cells for pulp regeneration: A review. Saudi Dent J 2023; 35:387-394. [PMID: 37520592 PMCID: PMC10373085 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2023.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although there have been many studies on stem cells, few have investigated how neurotransmitters and stem cell proliferation interact to regenerate dental pulp. Dental pulp regeneration is an innovative procedure for reviving dental pulp, if feasible for the entire tooth. Upon tooth injury, activated platelets release serotonin and dopamine in bulk to mobilize dental pulp stem cells to mediate natural dental repair. This has induced research on the role of neurotransmitters in increasing the proliferation rate of stem cells. This review also covers prospective future treatments for dental pulp regeneration. Methods A literature search was performed via PubMed and ScienceDirect from 2001 to 2022, using the keywords "neurotransmitter," "stem cell," "tooth regeneration," "tooth repair," "regenerative dentistry," and "dental pulp." Different inclusion/exclusion criteria were used, and the search was restricted to English articles. Results Nine publications reporting neurotransmitter interactions with stem cells for tooth and pulp regeneration were selected. Conclusion Neurotransmitters were found to interact with dental stem cells. Evidence pointing to neurotransmitters as a factor in the increased proliferation of stem cells was found. This review thus gives hope for tooth pulp regeneration and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidayah Ramli
- Basic and Medical Sciences Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Norhayati Yusop
- Basic and Medical Sciences Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Rosmaliza Ramli
- Basic and Medical Sciences Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Zurairah Berahim
- Periodontic Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan 16150, Kota Bharu, Malaysia
| | - Roshan Peiris
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, 20400 Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Nurhafizah Ghani
- Basic and Medical Sciences Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Maganur PC, Manqari AI, Kuriri SA, Mokli LK, Alsam SM, Eshaq RH, Jaafari AHH, Alhazmi AE, Manoharan V, Vishwanathaiah S. Knowledge and Attitude of Undergraduate Students and Interns toward Stem Cells and Their Implications in Dentistry: A Cross-sectional Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2023; 24:296-302. [PMID: 38149806 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM The primary ideology of this research was to evaluate both the knowledge and attitude of undergraduate students and interns regarding stem cells and their use in dentistry. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional observatory study was conducted among 310 dental students of Jazan University by making use of a self-explanatory questionnaire, containing a set of 25 questions and was sent as e-mail through Google e-forms. RESULTS There was a good response rate of around 81.2%, of which 80.16% were aware of the fact that stem cells are unspecialized types of cells that come with the potential to turn into any cell type. Almost 65.08% of the participants considered the possibility to continue root formation post-trauma as the fundamental use of stem cells, and a majority (71.43%) of the participants showed great interest in garnering more knowledge and training in the area of stem cells. About 50% of the participants showed strong opposition to the concept of embryonic stem cells as these are basically fetched from an aborted fetus or from an embryo. There was a major section of the participants (79.76%) who were even keen on organizing more programs to create public awareness regarding stem cells. Mean knowledge and attitude scores among the participants were reported to be 7.57 ± 3.10 and 36.04 ± 6.51 respectively. CONCLUSION Overall, the level of knowledge and attitude of dental students and interns at Jazan University towards stem cells and their implications in dentistry can be interpreted as adequate. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Advanced training and awareness campaigns on stem cells and dentistry would improve their knowledge and attitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhadevi C Maganur
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Division of Pedodontics, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0959-2597
| | | | | | - Lujain K Mokli
- College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Rami H Eshaq
- College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Varsha Manoharan
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, KVG Dental College and Hospital, Sullia, Karnataka, India
| | - Satish Vishwanathaiah
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Division of Pedodontics, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, e-mail: , Orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8376-297X
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Basudan AM, Dagriri LK, Alnaqa GH, Alqahtani JM, Alsowail MI. Assessment of willingness of Saudi public to participate in a dental biorepository for research purposes. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:80. [PMID: 36750847 PMCID: PMC9906834 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02775-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biobanks/biorepositories are created to collect biospecimens for therapeutic and research uses. The success of the banking concept depends predominantly on the public's understanding and desire to contribute, which triggers several social, cultural, and ethical implications. The aim of this study is (1) to assess the willingness among adults attending outpatient clinics at King Abdulaziz Medical City to donate dental tissue samples to a biorepository for research purposes, (2) to identify the significant predictors for positive attitudes and willingness to donate dental bio-specimens. METHODOLOGY This is a cross-sectional study that targeted 401 adult outpatients attending King Abdulaziz Medical City in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire focused on three main parts: demographic and personal characteristics, and previous experience regarding biorepositories (part I), knowledge about dental biorepositories (part II), and willingness and attitudes towards donating dental biospecimens (part III). Data collected were analyzed using the statistical program SAS (version 9.4) with 0.05 level of significance to determine the willingness of donating tissue to biobanks for biomedical research purposes, measure knowledge and attitude about biobanking, find the association between the assessed variables, and identify significant predictors of positive attitude to donate dental biospecimens. RESULTS 66% of the participants were willing to donate dental biospecimens, however only 33.9% showed good level of knowledge. Despite the notable lack of knowledge, 54% respondents had favorable attitude towards donating dental biospecimens, and only 17% were negative while the remaining 29% were neutral. Previous involvement in medical research, previous blood testing or donation, female gender, higher education level, employment in a medical facility, and higher monthly income variables were found to be significantly associated with higher willingness to donate dental biospecimens. CONCLUSION Although the majority of the participants exhibited lack of knowledge about dental biorepositories, they showed high willingness and good attitude towards donating dental biospecimens. This favorable attitude is, in turn, encouraging for the future establishment of dental biorepositories in Saudi Arabia. Six factors were significantly associated with the willingness to donate dental biospecimens, out of these, female gender, previous blood testing/donation, previous involvement in medical research were found to be strong predictors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Mohammed Basudan
- College of Dentistry/King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Division of Orthodontics, Dental Services Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Lamis Khalid Dagriri
- grid.443356.30000 0004 1758 7661Intern, College of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghaida Hamad Alnaqa
- grid.412149.b0000 0004 0608 0662Intern, College of Dentistry, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University of Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Joud Muhanna Alqahtani
- grid.443356.30000 0004 1758 7661Intern, College of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Ibrahim Alsowail
- grid.443356.30000 0004 1758 7661Intern, College of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Sugiaman VK, Djuanda R, Pranata N, Naliani S, Demolsky WL. Tissue Engineering with Stem Cell from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth (SHED) and Collagen Matrix, Regulated by Growth Factor in Regenerating the Dental Pulp. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14183712. [PMID: 36145860 PMCID: PMC9503223 DOI: 10.3390/polym14183712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintaining dental pulp vitality and preventing tooth loss are two challenges in endodontic treatment. A tooth lacking a viable pulp loses its defense mechanism and regenerative ability, making it more vulnerable to severe damage and eventually necessitating extraction. The tissue engineering approach has drawn attention as an alternative therapy as it can regenerate dentin-pulp complex structures and functions. Stem cells or progenitor cells, extracellular matrix, and signaling molecules are triad components of this approach. Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) are a promising, noninvasive source of stem cells for tissue regeneration. Not only can SHEDs regenerate dentin-pulp tissues (comprised of fibroblasts, odontoblasts, endothelial cells, and nerve cells), but SHEDs also possess immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive properties. The collagen matrix is a material of choice to provide structural and microenvironmental support for SHED-to-dentin pulp tissue differentiation. Growth factors regulate cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation into specific phenotypes via signal-transduction pathways. This review provides current concepts and applications of the tissue engineering approach, especially SHEDs, in endodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinna K Sugiaman
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Maranatha Christian University, Bandung 40164, Indonesia
| | - Rudy Djuanda
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, Maranatha Christian University, Bandung 40164, Indonesia
| | - Natallia Pranata
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Maranatha Christian University, Bandung 40164, Indonesia
| | - Silvia Naliani
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Maranatha Christian University, Bandung 40164, Indonesia
| | - Wayan L Demolsky
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Maranatha Christian University, Bandung 40164, Indonesia
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Advancing Regenerative Medicine Through the Development of Scaffold, Cell Biology, Biomaterials and Strategies of Smart Material. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40883-021-00227-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Dahake PT, Panpaliya NP, Kale YJ, Dadpe MV, Kendre SB, Bogar C. Response of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) to three bioinductive materials - An in vitro experimental study. Saudi Dent J 2019; 32:43-51. [PMID: 31920278 PMCID: PMC6950838 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Stem cells have unmatched capacity and potential for regeneration and when used alone or in combination with scaffolds to replace or repair damaged cells, can differentiate into any mature cell. Aim To evaluate the functional differentiation potential of EMD (Enamel Matrix Derivative), MTA (Mineral Trioxide Aggregate) and Biodentine on Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous teeth (SHED). Objective To determine functional differentiation potential (osteogenic/odontogenic) of various biomaterials on SHED. Material and method SHED derived from 5th linear passage after sub-culturing were treated with EMD, MTA and Biodentine individually and their effect on cell viability was compared and evaluated by MTT (3-4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay for 7 days. Alizarin red S staining was used to assess mineralization potential of these materials by the staining calcium deposits for 14 days. The results were analyzed using One-way ANOVA, Post hoc Tukey’s test for multiple comparisons. Results It was observed that EMD imparted the highest cell viability at the end of 7 days (p < 0.001) followed by Biodentine and MTA. Likewise EMD showed highest potential to enhanced mineralization and expression of dentine sialoprotein (p < 0.001) followed by Biodentine and MTA at the end of 14 days (p<0.001). Conclusion It can be concluded that all the tested materials are bioinductive to SHED. EMD can be used for various vital pulp therapies as that of Biodentine and MTA with predictable as well as enhanced success rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanna T Dahake
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, MIDSR Dental College and Hospital, Latur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nikita P Panpaliya
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, MIDSR Dental College and Hospital, Latur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Yogesh J Kale
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, MIDSR Dental College and Hospital, Latur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mahesh V Dadpe
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, MIDSR Dental College and Hospital, Latur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shrikant B Kendre
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, MIDSR Dental College and Hospital, Latur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Chetana Bogar
- Central Research Laboratory, MMNGH Institute of Dental Sciences, Belgaum, Karnataka, India
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Wang Y, Kong QJ, Sun JC, Xu XM, Yang Y, Liu N, Shi JG. Protective effect of epigenetic silencing of CyclinD1 against spinal cord injury using bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in rats. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:5361-5369. [PMID: 29215736 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study focuses on the protective effect of epigenetic silencing of CyclinD1 against spinal cord injury (SCI) using bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in rats. Eighty-eight adult female Wistar rats were randomly assigned into the sham group, the control group, the si-CyclinD1 + BMSCs group and the BMSCs group. CyclinD1 protein and mRNA expressions after siRNA transfection were detected by Western blotting and qRT-PCR. The siRNA-CyclinD1 BMSCs were transplanted into rats in the si-CyclinD1 + BMSCs group using stereotaxic method 6 hr after SCI. Hindlimb locomotor performance was determined using inclined plane test and Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) locomotor rating scale. Expressions of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and nerve growth factor (NGF) were detected by immunohistochemistry. Inclined plane and BBB scores in the control, si-CyclinD1 + BMSCs, and BMSCs groups were significantly lower than the sham group, but these scores were evidently decreased in the control group and increased in the si-CyclinD1 + BMSCs group compared with the BMSCs group. The repair degree of spinal cord tissues of rats in the si-CyclinD1 + BMSCs group was obvious than the BMSCs group. GFAP and NGF protein expressions were markedly decreased in the control, si-CyclinD1 + BMSCs and BMSCs groups when compared with the sham group. GFAP- and NGF-positive cells were significantly increased in the si-CyclinD1 + BMSCs group while decreased in the control group. Our study provides evidence that epigenetic silencing of CyclinD1 using BMSCs might accelerate the repair of SCI in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Jie Kong
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Chuan Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xi-Ming Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Gang Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, P. R. China
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Khurana R, Kudva PB, Husain SY. Comparative evaluation of the isolation and quantification of stem cells derived from dental pulp and periodontal ligament of a permanent tooth and to assess their viability and proliferation on a platelet-rich fibrin scaffold. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2017; 21:16-20. [PMID: 29386795 PMCID: PMC5767982 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_182_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aims to comparatively evaluate the isolation and quantification of stem cells derived from dental pulp and periodontal ligament of a permanent tooth and to assess their viability and proliferation on a platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) scaffold. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 15 systemically healthy individuals between the age group of 15-25 years requiring third molar or orthodontic premolar extractions. Teeth were extracted atraumatically and transported to the laboratory. Stem cells were isolated from dental pulp and periodontal ligament. After attaining more than 90% confluency by the 7th day, these cells were tested for their viability and characterization. Stem cells were also incubated with PRF and viability was assessed on the 7th day. RESULTS The mean number of cell for dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and periodontal ligament stem cell (PDLSC) was statistically insignificant (P > 0.05). The mean live cell viability was compared between DPSC (98.07%) and PDLSC (98%). Both DPSC and PDLSC showed a high percentage of expression of CD73 markers, 30.40% and 29.80%, respectively. However, DPSCs and PDLSCs lacked expression of CD34 expressing only 3.47% and 3.53%, respectively. PRF membrane as a scaffold exhibited no cytotoxic effects on DPCS's or PDLSC's. The cell viability of cells cultured with PRF was statistically insignificant (P > 0.05) when compared to the cells cultured with culture media. CONCLUSION The study thus indicates that dental pulp and periodontal ligament are both rich sources of mesenchymal stem cells and can be successfully used for obtaining stem cells. PRF exhibits no cytotoxic effects on the cells and can be used in conjunction with dental stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Khurana
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Jaipur Dental College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Praveen Bhasker Kudva
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Jaipur Dental College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Syed Yawer Husain
- Department of Dental Materials, RUHS-CDS and Stem Cell Research Lab, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
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