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de Souza AES, da Silva CHS, de Oliveira RDCS, Guimarães APA, da Silva ANLM, Diniz IG, de Oliveira HSS, de Sousa DS, Figueiredo FADPL, Costa GDLC, Guerreiro JF. Investigation of genetic markers associated to type 2 diabetes mellitus in Santarém-Pará. Genet Mol Biol 2024; 47:e20230107. [PMID: 39133695 PMCID: PMC11308377 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2023-0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors play an important role in the genesis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2D). In the genetic context, one of the strategies used to investigate possible associations with diabetes is the search for Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs), involving the comparison of alelle frequencies, the phenotypic variations and other relevant factors, such as environmental influences and lifestyle choices, Thus, the aim of this study was to find the relationship of risk variants for T2D in SNPs (rs4994) in the ADRB3 gene; (rs1799854) in the ABCC8 gene; (rs7901695 and rs12255372) in the TCF7L2 gene; and (rs8050136) in the FTO gene in a sample of the population of the municipality of Santarém (PA), Brazilian Amazon, in the northern region of Brazil. ABCC8 (rs1799854 C>T) showed a statistically significant association with T2D. Each chosen gene and SNP has been previously implicated in T2D risk according to existing scientific literature, owing to their roles in glucose regulation and body fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adjanny Estela Santos de Souza
- Universidade do Estado do Pará, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento
de Morfologia e Ciências Fisiológicas, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Caio Henrique Silva da Silva
- Universidade do Estado do Pará, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento
de Morfologia e Ciências Fisiológicas, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Paula Araújo Guimarães
- Universidade do Estado do Pará, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento
de Morfologia e Ciências Fisiológicas, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Isabela Guerreiro Diniz
- Universidade Federal do Pará, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas,
Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Haiala Soter Silva de Oliveira
- Universidade Federal do Pará, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas,
Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Diego Sarmento de Sousa
- Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará (UFOPA), Santarém, PA,
Brazil
- Centro Universitário da Amazônia (UNAMA), Santarém, PA,
Brazil
| | | | - Greice de Lemos Cardoso Costa
- Universidade Federal do Pará, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas,
Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - João Farias Guerreiro
- Universidade Federal do Pará, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas,
Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Belém, PA, Brazil
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Alp E, Doguizi S, Mutlu Icduygu F, Akgun E, Sekeroglu MA, Ozer MA. An analysis of the relationship between ABCC8 and KCNJ11 gene polymorphisms and diabetic retinopathy in Turkish population. Ophthalmic Genet 2024; 45:126-132. [PMID: 38411150 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2024.2317279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy (DR) occurs due to high blood glucose damage to the retina and leads to blindness if left untreated. KATP and related genes (KCNJ11 and ABCC8) play an important role in insulin secretion by glucose-stimulated pancreatic beta cells and the regulation of insulin secretion. KCNJ11 E23K (rs5219), ABCC8-3 C/T (rs1799854), Thr759Thr (rs1801261) and Arg1273Arg (rs1799859) are among the possible related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The aim of this study is to find out how DR and these SNPs are associated with one another in the Turkish population. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study included 176 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus without retinopathy (T2DM-rp), 177 DR patients, and 204 controls. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood, and genotypes were determined by the PCR-RFLP method. RESULTS In the present study, a significant difference was not found between all the groups in terms of Arg1273Arg polymorphism located in the ABCC8 gene. The T allele and the TT genotype in the -3 C/T polymorphism in this gene may have a protective effect in the development of DR (p = 0.036 for the TT genotype; p = 0.034 for T allele) and PDR (p = 0.042 and 0.025 for the TT genotype). The AA genotype showed a significant increase in the DR group compared to T2DM-rp in the KCNJ11 E23K polymorphism (p = 0.046). CONCLUSIONS Consequently, the T allele and TT genotype in the -3 C/T polymorphism of the ABCC8 gene may have a protective marker on the development of DR and PDR, while the AA genotype in the E23K polymorphism of the KCNJ11 gene may be effective in the development of DR in the Turkish population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Alp
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey
| | - Sibel Doguizi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ulucanlar Eye Education and Research Hospital, Ministry of Health University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fadime Mutlu Icduygu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey
| | - Egemen Akgun
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ali Sekeroglu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ulucanlar Eye Education and Research Hospital, Ministry of Health University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Murat Atabey Ozer
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey
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Reddy S, Maddhuri S, Nallari P, Ananthapur V, Kalyani S, Krishna M, Cherkuri N, Patibandala S. Association of ABCC8 and KCNJ11 gene variants with type 1 diabetes in south Indians. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-021-00149-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (TIDM) is a polygenic disorder with the involvement of several genetic and environmental risk factors. Mutation in genes namely ABCC8 and KCNJ11 disrupt the potentiality of KATP channel and regulates the secretion of insulin by detecting a change in the blood glucose level and consequently maintains glucose homeostasis. The present study was designed to investigate the association of ABCC8 and KCNJ11gene polymorphisms with type 1 diabetes. A case-control study was conducted enrolling 60 cases suffering from T1DM and 60 healthy controls of comparable age and sex. Gene variations were determined by PCR-RFLP and ARMS-PCR method.
Results
The ABCC8-3C > T (rs1799854) variation was found to be significantly associated with T1DM (p<0.01) and “CT” genotype was found to be predominant in T1DM with a threefold increased risk to diabetes and the association was statistically significant. However, we did not find any significant association of C>T (rs1801261) polymorphism of ABCC8 with T1DM. A significant association was observed for genetic variation at rs5219 C>T polymorphism and the frequency of TT genotype was found to be significantly higher in patients (46.7%) than in controls (21.7%), indicating the significant role of the KCNJ11 rs5219 variant in T1DM susceptibility (p<0.001), but we did not observe any significant association of G>A (rs5215) polymorphism of KCNJ11 with T1DM. In addition, haplotype analysis of the two genes revealed four haplotypes such as T-C-G-T, T-C-A-T, C-C-G-T, and T-T-G-T as risk haplotypes for type 1 diabetes (p<0.02) potentially making individual effects of these variants on the disease susceptibility, thereby indicating the synergistic role of these genes in the regulation of glucose homeostasis.
Conclusions
The present study highlights the importance of personalized medicine based on individual genetic profile.
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Venkatachalapathy P, Padhilahouse S, Sellappan M, Subramanian T, Kurian SJ, Miraj SS, Rao M, Raut AA, Kanwar RK, Singh J, Khadanga S, Mondithoka S, Munisamy M. Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Potential Implications for Clinical Practice. Pharmgenomics Pers Med 2021; 14:1441-1455. [PMID: 34803393 PMCID: PMC8598203 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s329787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most common form of diabetes, and is rising in incidence with widespread prevalence. Multiple gene variants are associated with glucose homeostasis, complex T2DM pathogenesis, and its complications. Exploring more effective therapeutic strategies for patients with diabetes is crucial. Pharmacogenomics has made precision medicine possible by allowing for individualized drug therapy based on a patient's genetic and genomic information. T2DM is treated with various classes of oral hypoglycemic agents, such as biguanides, sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, meglitinides, DPP4 inhibitors, SGLT2 inhibitors, α-glucosidase inhibitors, and GLP1 analogues, which exhibit various pharmacogenetic variants. Although genomic interventions in monogenic diabetes have been implemented in clinical practice, they are still in the early stages for complex polygenic disorders, such as T2DM. Precision DM medicine has the potential to be effective in personalized therapy for those suffering from various forms of DM, such as T2DM. With recent developments in genetic techniques, the application of candidate-gene studies, large-scale genotyping investigations, genome-wide association studies, and "multiomics" studies has begun to produce results that may lead to changes in clinical practice. Enhanced knowledge of the genetic architecture of T2DM presents a bigger translational potential. This review summarizes the genetics and pathophysiology of T2DM, candidate-gene approaches, genome-wide association studies, personalized medicine, clinical relevance of pharmacogenetic variants associated with oral hypoglycemic agents, and paths toward personalized diabetology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sruthi Padhilahouse
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Karpagam College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Mohan Sellappan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Karpagam College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India
| | | | - Shilia Jacob Kurian
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Sonal Sekhar Miraj
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Mahadev Rao
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Ashwin Ashok Raut
- Translational Medicine Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Rupinder Kaur Kanwar
- Translational Medicine Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Jitendra Singh
- Translational Medicine Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sagar Khadanga
- Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sukumar Mondithoka
- Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Murali Munisamy
- Translational Medicine Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Singh S, Usman K, Banerjee M. Pharmacogenetic studies update in type 2 diabetes mellitus. World J Diabetes 2016; 7:302-315. [PMID: 27555891 PMCID: PMC4980637 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v7.i15.302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a silent progressive polygenic metabolic disorder resulting from ineffective insulin cascading in the body. World-wide, about 415 million people are suffering from T2DM with a projected rise to 642 million in 2040. T2DM is treated with several classes of oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) viz. biguanides, sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, meglitinides, etc. Treatment strategies for T2DM are to minimize long-term micro and macro vascular complications by achieving an optimized glycemic control. Genetic variations in the human genome not only disclose the risk of T2DM development but also predict the personalized response to drug therapy. Inter-individual variability in response to OADs is due to polymorphisms in genes encoding drug receptors, transporters, and metabolizing enzymes for example, genetic variants in solute carrier transporters (SLC22A1, SLC22A2, SLC22A3, SLC47A1 and SLC47A2) are actively involved in glycemic/HbA1c management of metformin. In addition, CYP gene encoding Cytochrome P450 enzymes also play a crucial role with respect to metabolism of drugs. Pharmacogenetic studies provide insights on the relationship between individual genetic variants and variable therapeutic outcomes of various OADs. Clinical utility of pharmacogenetic study is to predict the therapeutic dose of various OADs on individual basis. Pharmacogenetics therefore, is a step towards personalized medicine which will greatly improve the efficacy of diabetes treatment.
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