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Chen Z, Ye T, He Y, Pan A, Mei Q. Use of pus metagenomic next-generation sequencing for efficient identification of pathogens in patients with sepsis. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2024:10.1007/s12223-024-01134-7. [PMID: 38341816 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-024-01134-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
The positive detection rate of blood metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) was still too low to meet clinical needs, while pus from the site of primary infection may be advantageous for identification of pathogens. To assess the value of mNGS using pus in patients with sepsis, thirty-five samples were collected. Pathogen identification and mixed infection diagnosis obtained by use of mNGS or cultivation methods were compared. Fifty-three aerobic or facultative anaerobes, 59 obligate anaerobes and 7 fungi were identified by the two methods. mNGS increased the accuracy rate of diagnosing aerobic or facultative anaerobic infections from 44.4% to 94.4%; mNGS also increased the sensitivity of diagnosing obligate anaerobic infections from 52.9% to 100.0%; however, mNGS did not show any advantage in terms of fungal infections. Culture and mNGS identified 1 and 24 patients with mixed infection, respectively. For obligate anaerobes, source of microorganisms was analyzed. The odontogenic bacteria all caused empyema (n = 7) or skin and soft tissue infections (n = 5), whereas the gut-derived microbes all caused intra-abdominal infections (n = 7). We also compared the clinical characteristics of non-obligate anaerobic and obligate anaerobic infection groups. The SOFA score [9.0 (7.5, 14.3) vs. 5.0 (3.0, 8.0), P = 0.005], procalcitonin value [4.7 (1.8, 39.9) vs. 2.50 (0.7, 8.0), P = 0.035], the proportion of septic shock (66.7% vs. 35.3%, P = 0.044) and acute liver injury (66.7% vs. 23.5%, P = 0.018) in the non-obligate anaerobic infection group were significantly higher than those in the obligate anaerobic infection group. In patients with sepsis caused by purulent infection, mNGS using pus from the primary lesion may yield more valuable microbiological information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhendong Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Tingting Ye
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Yuxi He
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Aijun Pan
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China.
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, 230001, China.
- WanNan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, Anhui, China.
| | - Qing Mei
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China.
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Shetty A, Anand KV, Rai N, Shetty A, Pradeep K, Kumar AA. In vitro comparative study of antimicrobial efficacy of endodontic sealers against common pathogens in the dental pulp. J Conserv Dent 2023; 26:216-220. [PMID: 37205899 PMCID: PMC10190082 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_557_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Overview Different types of bacterial species, Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum), and Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), cause pulpal and periradicular diseases. Hence, the antibacterial efficacy of endodontic sealers is of utmost importance from a clinical point of view. Aim The main objective of the study is to test the antibacterial efficacy of endodontic sealers against endo microflora belonging to E. faecalis, F. nucleatum, and P. gingivalis species. Materials and Methods The antibacterial effectiveness of five endodontic sealers (AH plus, Apexit, EndoRez, Endomethasone, and Tubliseal) was tested by means of the agar-diffusion test (ADT) and direct contact test (DCT). The bacterial suspension of individual microorganisms was applied separately onto the agar plates for ADT. Subsequently, freshly mixed and set sealer was applied on to the sterile discs. After 48 h of incubation, the inhibition zones were measured. For DCT, the sealers were put in 96-well cell culture plates and overlaid with bacterial suspension and brain heart infusion broth. The bacterial growth density of the liquid was tested by spectrophotometry at 0, 2, 4, 6, and 24 h. Results The data were analyzed using ANOVA and post hoc Turkey's test. The present study showed that Endomethasone and AH Plus had a good antibacterial effect. Conclusion In the ADT and DCT, Endomethasone showed the greatest antimicrobial effect against E. faecalis when compared to other endodontic sealers. In the ADT, Apexit had no antimicrobial effect on E. faecalis, whereas AH Plus had the greatest antibacterial effect on F. nucleatum and P gingivalis. Whereas in DCT, EndoRez and Endomethasone showed the greatest effect against F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahana Shetty
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, MR Ambedkar Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - K. V. Anand
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Subbaiah Institute of Dental Sciences, Shivamogga, Karnataka, India
| | - Namith Rai
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Ashish Shetty
- Department of Pedodontics, A J Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - K. Pradeep
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Subbaiah Institute of Dental Sciences, Shivamogga, Karnataka, India
| | - A. Arvind Kumar
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Rajas Dental College and Hospital, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
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Singh KK, Kumar P, Das P, Marandi M, Panda S, Mahajan A, Kumar D. Association of specific microorganisms with endodontic signs and symptoms. A comparative study. J Family Med Prim Care 2020; 9:3965-3969. [PMID: 33110794 PMCID: PMC7586604 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_523_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The study aimed to evaluate the association of root canal microorganisms red complex and E. facealis with endodontic clinical signs and symptoms using polymerase chain reaction. Materials and Methods Bacterial samples were obtained using sterile paper points from the teeth of 100 subjects divided into two groups; Group I: 50 individuals with primary tooth infections and Group II: 50 individuals with failed endodontic treatment having the secondary infection. DNA extracted from samples was analyzed for endodontic pathogens by using species-specific primers. Results The pain was noticed in 66%, (33 of 50 subjects) in primary infection and 60% (30 of 50) in a secondary infection. A statistically significant association between pain and E. faecalis bacteria observed both in primary infection and secondary infection (P < 0.05). Tenderness on percussion was associated with 40% cases in Group I and 70% cases in Group II. The red complex accounted for 94% of cases associated with tenderness on percussion in primary infection while 86% of cases associated with secondary infection with a statistically significant association (P < 0.05). Conclusion Prevalence of red complex bacteria and E. faecalis suggested the association of studied bacteria with symptomatic infected pulp and periradicular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Awadh Dental College and Hospital, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India
| | - Pragyan Das
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Awadh Dental College and Hospital, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India
| | - Manjula Marandi
- Department of Oral Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Odontology, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Dental Institute, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Swagat Panda
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Hi-tech Dental College & Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Amit Mahajan
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Rama Dental College and Hospital, Kanpur, UP, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- BRS Dental College and Hospital, Sultanpur, Panchkula, Haryana, India
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Tiwari S, Saxena S, Kumari A, Chatterjee S, Hazra A, Choudhary AR. Detection of Red complex bacteria, P. gingivalis, T. denticola and T. forsythia in infected root canals and their association with clinical signs and symptoms. J Family Med Prim Care 2020; 9:1915-1920. [PMID: 32670940 PMCID: PMC7346963 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1177_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to investigate the association between endodontic clinical signs and symptoms and the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Tannerella forsythia employing polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Materials and Methods: Microbial samples were obtained from 60 cases with necrotic pulp with primary teeth infections. DNA extracted from samples were analyzed for endodontic pathogens by using species-specific primers. Results: P. gingivalis/T. denticola were detected in 15 symptomatic teeth associated with periapical lesions. T. forsythia/T. denticola were found in 16 symptomatic teeth associated with pain and swelling. P. gingivalis was detected in 9 teeth which were associated with pain, 2 with tenderness on percussion, and 15 with periapical lesions. Statistically significant associations were found between T. forsythia as well as T. denticola in relation to clinical findings of pain and swelling. (P < 0.05). Red complex bacteria showed no statistical significant association with the presence of signs and symptoms. Conclusion: Prevalence of P. gingivalis, T. denticola, and T. forsythia suggested association of these bacteria with symptomatic infected pulp and periradicular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Tiwari
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Hazaribag College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Hazaribag, Jharkhand, India
| | - Sudhanshu Saxena
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Hazaribag College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Hazaribag, Jharkhand, India
| | - Aarti Kumari
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Hazaribag College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Hazaribag, Jharkhand, India
| | - Silpi Chatterjee
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Hazaribag College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Hazaribag, Jharkhand, India
| | - Adreet Hazra
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Hazaribag College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Hazaribag, Jharkhand, India
| | - Alok Ratan Choudhary
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Hazaribag College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Hazaribag, Jharkhand, India
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Lukic D, Karygianni L, Flury M, Attin T, Thurnheer T. Endodontic-Like Oral Biofilms as Models for Multispecies Interactions in Endodontic Diseases. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E674. [PMID: 32384777 PMCID: PMC7285038 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8050674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral bacteria possess the ability to form biofilms on solid surfaces. After the penetration of oral bacteria into the pulp, the contact between biofilms and pulp tissue may result in pulpitis, pulp necrosis and/or periapical lesion. Depending on the environmental conditions and the availability of nutrients in the pulp chamber and root canals, mainly Gram-negative anaerobic microorganisms predominate and form the intracanal endodontic biofilm. The objective of the present study was to investigate the role of different substrates on biofilm formation as well as the separate and collective incorporation of six endodontic pathogens, namely Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Prevotella nigrescens, Selenomonas sputigena, Parvimonas micra and Treponema denticola into a nine-species "basic biofilm". This biofilm was formed in vitro as a standard subgingival biofilm, comprising Actinomyces oris, Veillonella dispar, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Streptococcus anginosus, Streptococcus oralis, Prevotella intermedia, Campylobacter rectus, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Tannerella forsythia. The resulting endodontic-like biofilms were grown 64 h under the same conditions on hydroxyapatite and dentin discs. After harvesting the endodontic-like biofilms, the bacterial growth was determined using quantitative real-time PCR, were labeled using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The addition of six endodontic pathogens to the "basic biofilm" induced a decrease in the cell number of the "basic" species. Interestingly, C. rectus counts increased in biofilms containing E. faecalis, S. aureus, P. nigrescens and S. sputigena, respectively, both on hydroxyapatite and on dentin discs, whereas P. intermedia counts increased only on dentin discs by addition of E. faecalis. The growth of E. faecalis on hydroxyapatite discs and of E. faecalis and S. aureus on dentin discs were significantly higher in the biofilm containing all species than in the "basic biofilm". Contrarily, the counts of P. nigrescens, S. sputigena and P. micra on hydroxyapatite discs as well as counts of P. micra and T. denticola on dentin discs decreased in the all-species biofilm. Overall, all bacterial species associated with endodontic infections were successfully incorporated into the standard multispecies biofilm model both on hydroxyapatite and dentin discs. Thus, future investigations on endodontic infections can rely on this newly established endodontic-like multispecies biofilm model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Thomas Thurnheer
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (D.L.); (L.K.); (M.F.); (T.A.)
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dos Santos DM, Chagas PA, Leite IS, Inada NM, de Annunzio SR, Fontana CR, Campana-Filho SP, Correa DS. Core-sheath nanostructured chitosan-based nonwovens as a potential drug delivery system for periodontitis treatment. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 142:521-534. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Microbiota-based Signature of Gingivitis Treatments: A Randomized Study. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24705. [PMID: 27094556 PMCID: PMC4837389 DOI: 10.1038/srep24705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Plaque-induced gingivitis can be alleviated by various treatment regimens. To probe the impacts of various anti-gingivitis treatments on plaque microflora, here a double blinded, randomized controlled trial of 91 adults with moderate gingivitis was designed with two anti-gingivitis regimens: the brush-alone treatment and the brush-plus-rinse treatment. In the later group, more reduction in both Plaque Index (TMQHI) and Gingival Index (mean MGI) at Day 3, Day 11 and Day 27 was evident, and more dramatic changes were found between baseline and other time points for both supragingival plaque microbiota structure and salivary metabonomic profiles. A comparison of plaque microbiota changes was also performed between these two treatments and a third dataset where 50 subjects received regimen of dental scaling. Only Actinobaculum, TM7 and Leptotrichia were consistently reduced by all the three treatments, whereas the different microbial signatures of the three treatments during gingivitis relieve indicate distinct mechanisms of action. Our study suggests that microbiota based signatures can serve as a valuable approach for understanding and potentially comparing the modes of action for clinical treatments and oral-care products in the future.
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Vineet RV, Nayak M, Kotigadde S. Association of endodontic signs and symptoms with root canal pathogens: A clinical comparative study. SAUDI ENDODONTIC JOURNAL 2016. [DOI: 10.4103/1658-5984.180621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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