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Barhate A, Bajaj P, Shirbhate U, Reche A, Pahade A, Agrawal R. Implications of Gene Therapy in Dentistry and Periodontics: A Narrative Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e49437. [PMID: 38149156 PMCID: PMC10750132 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The relentless march of technological progress entails constant evolution and adaptation. A concerted effort is underway in medical research to unravel various diseases' cellular and molecular underpinnings. The traditional approaches to disease treatment often fall short of delivering entirely satisfactory outcomes, which has prompted a shifting spotlight on gene therapy as a versatile solution for many inherited and acquired disorders. Genes, intricate sequences of genetic code, are the complicated blueprints dictating the production of essential proteins within the human body. Remarkably, each individual's genetic makeup is uniquely distinct, with variations in these genetic sequences serving as the bedrock of our diversity. Gene therapy represents an innovative medical strategy that harnesses the power of genes themselves to function as therapeutic agents. It serves as a conduit through which defective genes are either substituted or mended with the introduction of remedial genetic material. This groundbreaking method can tackle various illnesses, from conditions originating from single-gene abnormalities to intricate disorders influenced by multiple genes. In dentistry and periodontics, gene therapy finds a promising array of applications. It contributes significantly to managing salivary gland disorders, autoimmune diseases, and the regeneration of damaged bone tissue, as well as addressing cancerous and precancerous conditions. Moreover, the possibilities extend into DNA vaccination and broader areas of oral health. The advent of gene therapy in dentistry represents a new era of significant progress, offering substantial advancements in the management of periodontal disease and the reconstruction of the dental alveolar apparatus. The aim of this narrative review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the landscape of gene therapy investigations in these disciplines, shedding light on its potential implications for oral health and treatment. With its potential to rectify the genetic underpinnings of various conditions, gene therapy offers a novel frontier in healthcare that continually shapes the landscape of medicine and holds the promise of more effective and personalised treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpit Barhate
- Department of Dentistry, Sharad Pawar Dental College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Pavan Bajaj
- Department of Periodontics, Sharad Pawar Dental College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Unnati Shirbhate
- Department of Periodontics, Sharad Pawar Dental College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Amit Reche
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sharad Pawar Dental College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Abhishek Pahade
- Department of Dentistry, Sharad Pawar Dental College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Ritiksha Agrawal
- Department of Dentistry, Sharad Pawar Dental College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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Imran SAM, M. Hamizul MHA, Khairul Bariah AAN, Wan Kamarul Zaman WS, Nordin F. Regenerative Medicine Therapy in Malaysia: An Update. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:789644. [PMID: 35557868 PMCID: PMC9089164 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.789644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Regenerative medicine is a field in medicine that relates to the ability to correct congenital anomalies and to repair or replace tissues and organs that have been destroyed by age, disease, or trauma. To date, promising preclinical and clinical data supported the possibility of using regenerative medicine to treat both chronic diseases and acute insults, as well as maladies affecting a wide range of organ systems and contexts, such as dermal wounds, cardiovascular diseases and traumas, cancer treatments, and more. One of the regenerative medicine therapies that have been used widely is stem cells. Stem cells, especially mesenchymal and hematopoietic stem cells, play an important role in treating chronic diseases, such as leukemia, bone marrow, autoimmune disease, and urinary problems. Despite considerable advancements in stem cell biology, their applications are limited by ethical concerns about embryonic stem cells, tumor development, and rejection. Nevertheless, many of these constraints, are being overcome, which could lead to significant advancements in disease management. This review discusses the current developments and advancements of regenerative medicine therapy (RMT) advancements in Malaysia compared to other Asian countries. The limitations in the application of RMT are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti A. M. Imran
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M. Haikal Aiman M. Hamizul
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Fazlina Nordin
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- *Correspondence: Fazlina Nordin,
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Yadalam PK, Kalaivani V, Fageeh HI, Ibraheem W, Al-Ahmari MM, Khan SS, Ahmed ZH, Abdulkarim HH, Baeshen HA, Balaji TM, Bhandi S, Raj AT, Patil S. Future Drug Targets in Periodontal Personalised Medicine-A Narrative Review. J Pers Med 2022; 12:371. [PMID: 35330371 PMCID: PMC8955099 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12030371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease is an infection-driven inflammatory disease characterized by the destruction of tooth-supporting tissues. The establishment of chronic inflammation will result in progressive destruction of bone and soft tissue changes. Severe periodontitis can lead to tooth loss. The disease has complex pathogenesis with an interplay between genetic, environmental, and host factors and pathogens. Effective management consists of plaque control and non-surgical interventions, along with adjuvant strategies to control inflammation and disrupt the pathogenic subgingival biofilms. Recent studies have examined novel approaches for managing periodontal diseases such as modulating microbial signaling mechanisms, tissue engineering, and molecular targeting of host inflammatory substances. Mounting evidence suggests the need to integrate omics-based approaches with traditional therapy to address the disease. This article discusses the various evolving and future drug targets, including proteomics, gene therapeutics, vaccines, and nanotechnology in personalized periodontal medicine for the effective management of periodontal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Kumar Yadalam
- Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 602117, India;
| | - V. Kalaivani
- Department of Periodontics, SRM Kattankulathur Dental College & Hospital, SRM Nagar, Chennai 603203, India;
| | - Hammam Ibrahim Fageeh
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (H.I.F.); (W.I.)
| | - Wael Ibraheem
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (H.I.F.); (W.I.)
| | - Manea Musa. Al-Ahmari
- Department of Periodontics and Community Medical Science, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Samar Saeed Khan
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery & Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Zeeshan Heera Ahmed
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hesham H. Abdulkarim
- Advanced Periodontal and Dental Implant Care, Missouri School of Dentistry and Oral Health, A. T. Still University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA;
| | - Hosam Ali Baeshen
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | | | - Shilpa Bhandi
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, Division of Operative Dentistry, College of dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - A. Thirumal Raj
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sri Venkateswara Dental College and Hospital, Chennai 600130, India;
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery & Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
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Zidar A, Kristl J, Kocbek P, Zupančič Š. Treatment challenges and delivery systems in immunomodulation and probiotic therapies for periodontitis. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2021; 18:1229-1244. [PMID: 33760648 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2021.1908260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Periodontitis is a widespread illness that arises due to disrupted interplay between the oral microbiota and the host immune response. In some cases, conventional therapies can provide temporary remission, although this is often followed by disease relapse. Recent studies of periodontitis pathology have promoted the development of new therapeutics to improve treatment options, together with local application using advanced drug delivery systems.Areas covered: This paper provides a critical review of the status of current treatment approaches to periodontitis, with a focus on promising immunomodulation and probiotic therapies. These are based on delivery of small molecules, peptides, proteins, DNA or RNA, and probiotics. The key findings on novel treatment strategies and formulation of advanced delivery systems, such as nanoparticles and nanofibers, are highlighted.Expert opinion: Multitarget therapy based on antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and probiotic active ingredients incorporated into advanced delivery systems for application to the periodontal pocket can improve periodontitis treatment outcomes. Translation of such adjuvant therapy from laboratory to patient is expected in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anže Zidar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Julijana Kristl
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Petra Kocbek
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Špela Zupančič
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Kobayashi T, Sasaki H, Asami Y, Mori G, Yoshinari M, Yajima Y. The characteristic regulation of gene expression
Lbp
and
Sod3
in peri‐implant connective tissue of rats. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020; 108:592-600. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Kobayashi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Implantology Tokyo Dental College Tokyo Japan
- Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College Tokyo Japan
| | - Hodaka Sasaki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Implantology Tokyo Dental College Tokyo Japan
- Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College Tokyo Japan
| | - Yosuke Asami
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Implantology Tokyo Dental College Tokyo Japan
- Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College Tokyo Japan
| | - Gentaro Mori
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Implantology Tokyo Dental College Tokyo Japan
| | - Masao Yoshinari
- Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College Tokyo Japan
| | - Yasutomo Yajima
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Implantology Tokyo Dental College Tokyo Japan
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Fliefel R, Kühnisch J, Ehrenfeld M, Otto S. Gene Therapy for Bone Defects in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Animal Studies. Stem Cells Dev 2016; 26:215-230. [PMID: 27819181 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2016.0172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Craniofacial bone defects are challenging problems for maxillofacial surgeons over the years. With the development of cell and molecular biology, gene therapy is a breaking new technology with the aim of regenerating tissues by acting as a delivery system for therapeutic genes in the craniofacial region rather than treating genetic disorders. A systematic review was conducted summarizing the articles reporting gene therapy in maxillofacial surgery to answer the question: Was gene therapy successfully applied to regenerate bone in the maxillofacial region? Electronic searching of online databases was performed in addition to hand searching of the references of included articles. No language or time restrictions were enforced. Meta-analysis was done to assess significant bone formation after delivery of gene material in the surgically induced maxillofacial defects. The search identified 2081 articles, of which 57 were included with 1726 animals. Bone morphogenetic proteins were commonly used proteins for gene therapy. Viral vectors were the universally used vectors. Sprague-Dawley rats were the frequently used animal model in experimental studies. The quality of the articles ranged from excellent to average. Meta-analysis results performed on 21 articles showed that defects favored bone formation by gene therapy. Funnel plot showed symmetry with the absence of publication bias. Gene therapy is on the top list of innovative strategies that developed in the last 10 years with the hope of developing a simple chair-side protocol in the near future, combining improvement of gene delivery as well as knowledge of the molecular basis of oral and maxillofacial structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riham Fliefel
- 1 Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Ludwig-Maximilians-University , Munich, Germany .,2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University , Munich, Germany .,3 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Alexandria University , Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Jan Kühnisch
- 4 Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University , Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Ehrenfeld
- 2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University , Munich, Germany
| | - Sven Otto
- 2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University , Munich, Germany
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