Gaur S, Agnihotri R. Is dental plaque the only etiological factor in Amlodipine induced gingival overgrowth? A systematic review of evidence.
J Clin Exp Dent 2018;
10:e610-e619. [PMID:
29930781 PMCID:
PMC6005094 DOI:
10.4317/jced.54715]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Amlodipine, a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker (CCB) is commonly prescribed for cardiovascular conditions. Its administration may produce an uncommon adverse oral manifestation, the gingival overgrowth (GO). Lately, there has been an increase in the rate of GO in patients on amlodipine therapy. The current systematic review was undertaken to evaluate the evidence on plausible risk factors involved in amlodipine induced gingival overgrowth (AIGO).
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Literature search was conducted in the databases like Pubmed (Medline), Scopus and Google Scholar to include the original research articles related to etio-pathogenesis of AIGO.
RESULTS
About 270 documents were identified through primary search, of which 13 original research articles were included. Most common risk factor for AIGO was administration of amlodipine in subjects with poor plaque control. However, high dosage of drug, duration of therapy and inherent genetic susceptibility were recognized as other plausible risk factors.
CONCLUSIONS
It was concluded that AIGO is no longer a rare phenomenon. It is therefore imperative for the physician to identify and inform patients, about the risk factors associated with the overgrowth at the initiation of therapy. This would prevent the development of GO's and improve the patient's quality of life. Key words:Amlodipine, calcium channel blockers, gingival overgrowth, hypertension.
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