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Munar-Bestard M, Rodríguez-Fernández A, Ramis JM, Monjo M. In Vitro Evaluation of Mangostanin as an Antimicrobial and Biocompatible Topical Antiseptic for Skin and Oral Tissues. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2024; 7:1507-1517. [PMID: 38751630 PMCID: PMC11091975 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.4c00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Skin and oral tissue infections pose significant health challenges worldwide, necessitating the exploration of new antiseptic agents that are both effective and biocompatible. This study evaluated the antibacterial efficacy and biocompatibility of mangostanin (MGTN), a xanthone derived from Garcinia mangostana L., against commercial antiseptics across various bacterial strains (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Cutibacterium acnes) and in vitro models of skin and oral tissues. MGTN demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity against all tested pathogens concurrently exhibiting negligible cytotoxic effects on human gingival fibroblasts as well as on three-dimensional (3D) models of human epidermis and oral epithelium. Furthermore, using pooled human saliva, MGTN effectively inhibited plaque biofilm formation, suggesting its potential as a natural, biocompatible antiseptic for skin and oral health applications. These findings position MGTN as a promising candidate for further development into antiseptic formulations, offering a natural alternative to current synthetic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Munar-Bestard
- Cell
Therapy and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Fundamental Biology
and Health Sciences, Research Institute on Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands, Ctra Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain
- Health
Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
| | - Ana Rodríguez-Fernández
- Cell
Therapy and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Fundamental Biology
and Health Sciences, Research Institute on Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands, Ctra Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain
- Health
Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
| | - Joana Maria Ramis
- Cell
Therapy and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Fundamental Biology
and Health Sciences, Research Institute on Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands, Ctra Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain
- Health
Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
- Department
of Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences, University of the Balearic Islands, Ctra Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain
| | - Marta Monjo
- Cell
Therapy and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Fundamental Biology
and Health Sciences, Research Institute on Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands, Ctra Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain
- Health
Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
- Department
of Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences, University of the Balearic Islands, Ctra Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain
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Sondorová M, Kučera J, Kačírová J, Krchová Nagyová Z, Šurín Hudáková N, Lipták T, Maďar M. Prevalence of Periodontal Pathogens in Slovak Patients with Periodontitis and Their Possible Aspect of Transmission from Companion Animals to Humans. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11101529. [PMID: 36290432 PMCID: PMC9598676 DOI: 10.3390/biology11101529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Oral health and diseases are greatly influenced by oral bacteria. During dysbiosis, bacterial composition changes, which can lead to periodontitis. Periodontitis in humans is associated with periodontal pathogens such as Treponema denticola, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Animal-to-human transmission of some of these pathogens has also been reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of periodontal pathogens in Slovak patients and to assess the possible risk of transmission of these pathogens from animals to their owners. The presence of periodontal pathogens in dental plaque was monitored by PCR. Amplified products were analysed using Sanger sequencing. T. forsythia isolates were assessed for the susceptibility to different antibiotics using the disk diffusion method. In humans, T. denticola, P. gingivalis, T. forsythia and A. actinomycetemcomitans were present in 69.23%, 69.23%, 100% and 84.62%, respectively. Most isolates of T. forsythia were susceptible to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, clindamycin and moxifloxacin, but they were resistant to metronidazole. The transmission of T. forsythia from animals to their owners was not proven based on sequence analysing. On the other hand, transmission of Porphyromonas gulae was confirmed, but the risk of its involvement in the pathogenesis of periodontitis in humans must be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Sondorová
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Ján Kučera
- Department of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pavol Jozef Safarik in Kosice, Tr. SNP 1, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Jana Kačírová
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Krchová Nagyová
- Department of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Tr. SNP 1, 040 11 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Natália Šurín Hudáková
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Tomáš Lipták
- Small Animal Clinic, University Veterinary Hospital, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Marián Maďar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenskeho 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +421-949715632
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TNF-α, IL-1β, MMP-8 Crevicular Profile in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and Periodontitis. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12020736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence sustains the potential of periodontitis as a risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD). Our study aimed to analyze several periodontal specific inflammatory biomarkers within the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of patients with CKD, compared to patients with normal kidney function, providing an inflammatory profile of the dialysis patient. The study comprised 79 patients divided into: group 1 (59 subjects with periodontitis and CKD) and group 2 (20 patients with periodontitis, without other systemic conditions). Clinical diagnosis was performed via dental and periodontal examination. GCF samples were collected from each patient, and the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and MMP-8 were determined by using ELISA assay. In group 1, the average values were: 22.85 ± 5.87 pg/mL for TNF-α, 33.00 ± 39.68 pg/mL for IL-1β and 18.80 ± 27.75 ng/mL for MMP-8. In group 2, the mean values were: 2.10 ± 1.34 pg/mL for TNF-α, 0.71 ± 2.42 pg/mL for IL-1β and 5.35 ± 0.37 ng/mL for MMP-8. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between groups as referring to all three biomarkers and, TNF-α and MMP-8, in certain stages of periodontitis. The level of TNF-α, IL-1β and MMP-8 points out the increased inflammatory status of the dialysis patient with PD, supporting the mutual connection of the two pathologies.
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Nędzi-Góra M, Górska R, Górski B. Is the progression rate of periodontitis related to subgingival biofilm composition or gingival crevicular fluid IL-1β and MMP-8 concentrations? Cent Eur J Immunol 2021; 45:425-432. [PMID: 33658891 PMCID: PMC7882403 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2020.101256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY To analyze the composition of subgingival biofilm and to assess the concentration of IL-1 and MMP-8 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from deep periodontal pockets in patients with severe periodontitis to determine whether the presence of specific microbial species or the severity of the host's immune response can be helpful in assessing the dynamics of disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 30 individuals with periodontitis Grade B and 19 subjects with periodontitis Grade C. Quantitative and qualitative microbiological analysis of flora in pockets ≥ 7 mm was performed for the presence of selected periopathogens of the orange, red complex and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans using real-time PCR. The concentrations of IL-1 and MMP-8 in GCF were evaluated with the ELISA method. RESULTS There were no differences in the composition of the subgingival biofilm depending on the diagnosis. The concentration of MMP-8 in GCF was significantly higher in periodontitis Grade C than in periodontitis Grade B (61 ng/µl and 37 ng/µl respectively, p = 0.039). The concentration of IL-1β was similar in both groups. No significant correlations were observed between the occurrence of individual periopathogens and concentrations of MMP-8 and IL-1β depending on the diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS Periodontitis grade may not be distinguished according to microbial analysis of subgingival biofilm or to concentration of IL-1β in GCF. On the other hand, higher concentrations of MMP-9 in GCF from deep pockets may be helpful in detecting subjects particularly prone to occurrence and rapid progress of periodontitis.
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Silva VDO, Pereira LJ, Pasetto S, da Silva MP, Meyers JC, Murata RM. Effects of Monolaurin on Oral Microbe-Host Transcriptome and Metabolome. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2638. [PMID: 30467497 PMCID: PMC6237204 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of monolaurin against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) and determine their effects on the host transcriptome and metabolome, using an oral cell/bacteria co-culture dual-chamber model to mimic the human periodontium. For this, the Aa, was applied to cross the monolayer of epithelial keratinocytes (OBA-9) to reach the fibroblasts layer (HGF-1) in the basal chamber. The Monolaurin treatments (25 or 50 μM) were added immediately after the inoculation of the dual-chamber with Aa. After 24 h, the transcriptional factors and metabolites produced were quantified in the remaining cell layers (insert and basal chamber) and in supernatant released from the cells. The genes IL-1α, IL-6, IL-18, and TNF analyzed in HGF-1 concentrations showed a decreased expression when treated with both concentration of Monolaurin. In keratinocytes, the genes IL-6, IL-18, and TNF presented a higher expression and the expression of IL-1α decreased when treated with the two cited concentrations. The production of glycerol and pyruvic acid increased, and the 2-deoxytetronic acid NIST, 4-aminobutyric acid, pinitol and glyceric acid, presented lower concentrations because of the treatment with 25 and/or 50 μM of Monolaurin. Use of monolaurin modulated the immune response and metabolite production when administered for 24 h in a dual-chamber model inoculated with A. actinomycetemcomitans. In summary, this study indicates that monolaurin had antimicrobial activity and modulated the host immune response and metabolite production when administered for 24 h in a dual-chamber model inoculated with A. actinomycetemcomitans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviam de Oliveira Silva
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Brazil.,Division of Periodontology, Diagnostic Sciences, Dental Hygiene and Biomedical Science, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | | | - Silvana Pasetto
- Division of Periodontology, Diagnostic Sciences, Dental Hygiene and Biomedical Science, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Maike Paulino da Silva
- Division of Periodontology, Diagnostic Sciences, Dental Hygiene and Biomedical Science, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jered Cope Meyers
- Department Foundational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Ramiro Mendonça Murata
- Department Foundational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
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Concentration of MMP-8 and IL-1β in gingival crevicular fluid in patients with chronic and aggressive periodontitis. Cent Eur J Immunol 2017; 42:342-346. [PMID: 29472810 PMCID: PMC5820986 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2017.72824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern research confirms the role of inflammatory mediators in the pathomechanism of periodontal tissue destruction. The aim of the study was to determine concentrations of MMP-8 and IL-1β in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in patients with advanced chronic and aggressive periodontitis. The authors measured the concentrations of the above inflammatory mediators in gingival crevicular fluid of deep pockets (PD ≥ 6 mm) and shallow pockets (PD 4-5 mm) in 33 patients with advanced chronic periodontitis and in 16 patients with aggressive periodontitis. The control group consisted of 16 individuals with healthy periodontium. In all patients levels of MMP-8 and IL-1β in GCF were determined with the ELISA method. The study showed significantly higher concentrations of MMP-8 and IL-1β in GCF of both deep and shallow pockets in patients with periodontitis compared to healthy subjects. No difference in concentrations of the tested mediators was observed with reference to diagnosis of aggressive periodontitis (AP) or chronic periodontitis (CP).
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Lee SJ, Choi BK. Involvement of NLRP10 in IL-1α induction of oral epithelial cells by periodontal pathogens. Innate Immun 2017; 23:569-577. [PMID: 28766990 DOI: 10.1177/1753425917722610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the pathogenesis of periodontitis and the role of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 10 (NLRP10). The human oral epithelial cell line HOK-16B was infected with two periodontal pathogens, Tannerella forsythia and Fusobacterium nucleatum, at various MOIs. RT-PCR and immunoblotting demonstrated that infection increased mRNA and protein expression of NLRP10, respectively. The siRNA-mediated NLRP10 knockdown significantly reduced IL-1α expression and secretion. Both bacteria induced phosphorylation of ERK, JNK and p38 MAP kinases in HOK-16B cells. NLRP10 knockdown impaired ERK phosphorylation only. ERK inhibition significantly decreased the expression of T. forsythia- and F. nucleatum-induced IL-1α. Our data suggest that NLRP10 is involved in activating the ERK signalling pathway in HOK-16B cells infected with T. forsythia and F. nucleatum. This pathway likely augments the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1α levels, which may play a critical role in periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok-Joo Lee
- 1 Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bong-Kyu Choi
- 1 Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- 2 Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Bartold PM, Van Dyke TE. Host modulation: controlling the inflammation to control the infection. Periodontol 2000 2017; 75:317-329. [DOI: 10.1111/prd.12169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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