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How Should We Treat Meningeal Melanocytoma? A Retrospective Analysis of Potential Treatment Strategies. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235851. [PMID: 36497333 PMCID: PMC9738837 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meningeal melanocytomas (MM) are rare primary melanocytic tumors of the leptomeninges with an incidence of 1:10,000,000. Until now, there has been only sparse information about this tumor entity. Here, we provide a meta-analysis of all cases published in the English language since 1972. METHODS A literature review was performed using PubMed and Web of Science. All published cases were evaluated for location, sex, age, therapeutic approach, and outcome. In total, we included 201 patient cases in our meta-analysis. RESULTS The majority of MM was diagnosed more frequently in men between the third and fifth decade of life. Surgery is the preferred therapeutic approach, and total resection is associated with the best outcome. Patients with partial resection or tumor recurrence benefit from adjuvant radiotherapy, whereas chemo- or immunotherapies do not improve the disease course. Malignant transformation was described in 18 patients. Of these, 11 patients developed metastasis. CONCLUSIONS We present the first retrospective meta-analysis of all MM cases published in the English language, including an evaluation of different treatment strategies allowing us to suggest a novel treatment guideline highlighting the importance of total resection for recurrence-free survival and characterizing those cases which benefit from adjuvant radiotherapy.
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Cömert S, Özdemir HÖ. Primary spinal melanoma: A case report. NEUROCIRUGIA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2022; 33:95-98. [PMID: 35248304 DOI: 10.1016/j.neucie.2020.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Primary spinal cord melanoma is a rare disease that accounts for only 1% of all melanocytomas. Here we report a case of primary melanoma of the cervical spinal cord. In our case, 26-year-old female who were admitted to the hospital for left arm pain. Spinal magnetic resonance image (MRI) revealed a spinal cord tumor at the level of C2-3. The MRI images showed that the tumor compressed the spinal cord. At surgery, the spinal cord was under pressure and covered with shaped blackish brown neoplastic tissue. There were not any metastatic lesions. The patient is still alive six months after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serhat Cömert
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yenimahalle Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Hasan Özgür Özdemir
- Department of Neurosurgery, İstinye University of Medical Park Hospital, Antalya, Turkey
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Sun LD, Chu X, Xu L, Fan XZ, Qian Y, Zuo DM. Primary intramedullary melanoma of lumbar spinal cord: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:2352-2356. [PMID: 33869613 PMCID: PMC8026835 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i10.2352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary intramedullary melanoma is a very rare tumor, most frequently occurring in the cervical and thoracic spinal cord.
CASE SUMMARY We present a rare case in which the primary intramedullary melanoma was located in the lumbar spine. A 56-year-old man complained of progressive intermittent pain in the lumbar area. Thoracic magnetic resonance imaging showed a spinal intramedullary tumor between the L3 and S1 levels. The tumor was resected entirely, and the diagnosis of malignant melanoma was confirmed by histopathology.
CONCLUSION Primary melanoma of the spinal cord, particularly intramedullary localization, has rarely been reported in the previous literature. We describe a primary malignant melanoma of the lumbar spinal cord and discuss the challenges associated with the diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le-Dong Sun
- Department of Dermatology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510900, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xin Chu
- Department of Dermatology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510900, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Dermatology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510900, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiu-Zhen Fan
- Department of Dermatology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510900, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yi Qian
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510900, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Da-Ming Zuo
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
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Cömert S, Özdemir HÖ. Primary spinal melanoma: A case report. Neurocirugia (Astur) 2021; 33:S1130-1473(21)00004-X. [PMID: 33581992 DOI: 10.1016/j.neucir.2020.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Primary spinal cord melanoma is a rare disease that accounts for only 1% of all melanocytomas. Here we report a case of primary melanoma of the cervical spinal cord. In our case, 26-year-old female who were admitted to the hospital for left arm pain. Spinal magnetic resonance image (MRI) revealed a spinal cord tumor at the level of C2-3. The MRI images showed that the tumor compressed the spinal cord. At surgery, the spinal cord was under pressure and covered with shaped blackish brown neoplastic tissue. There were not any metastatic lesions. The patient is still alive six months after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serhat Cömert
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yenimahalle Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Hasan Özgür Özdemir
- Department of Neurosurgery, İstinye University of Medical Park Hospital, Antalya, Turkey
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Xie S, Jiang Z. Primary spinal cord melanocytoma: a case report and review of literature. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2019; 12:669-673. [PMID: 31933873 PMCID: PMC6945073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary spinal cord melanocytoma is an extremely rare condition and the pathogenesis of melanocytomas remains unclear. The diagnosis and treatment of primary spinal cord melanocytomas does not have a standard method. CASE PRESENTATION We present a case of a 73-year-old male who presented with a six-month history of progressive numbness and weakness in his lower extremities without gatism. Spinal magnetic resonance image (MRI) revealed a spinal cord tumor at the level of T10-T11. At surgery, the spinal cord was covered with black-brown neoplastic tissue. There were no metastatic lesions. At one year after surgery, the patient is still alive. CONCLUSIONS The diagnosis of melanocytoma needs to take a comprehensive consideration and surgical resection is still the best treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Zhiquan Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College Bengbu, Anhui, China
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Salah El-Din AM, Aboul-Ela HM, Alsawy MF, Koheil A, Ashry AH. Spinal meningeal melanocytoma in a 5-year-old child: a case report and review of literature. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROSURGERY 2018; 54:13. [PMID: 29780233 PMCID: PMC5956056 DOI: 10.1186/s41983-018-0017-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Meningeal melanocytoma is considered a rare lesion arising from leptomeningeal melanocytes. Nearly two thirds of meningeal melanocytomas were reported in the intracranial compartment and the remaining one third in the spine. Spinal melanocytomas can be extradural or intradural, with extradural variant being more common, and the majority of cases have been single reports. Methods A 5-year-old male presented with a 4-month history of non-radiating low back pain persistent at rest, with otherwise non-remarkable medical history. The patient was neurologically intact with no deficits. Preoperatively, routine laboratory investigations were non-remarkable. MRI imaging was done and showed a lesion at the level of T11 to L4, hyperintense on T1 and hypointense on T2 with homogenous contrast enhancement. Intraoperatively, the lesion was hemorrhagic, brownish, and rubbery in consistency attached to the ventral dura. Microscopic picture revealed dense cytoplasmic brown melanin pigments, with no significant mitoses or nuclear atypia. What is unique about our case is the age of the patient (5 years). Results To the best of our knowledge, after reviewing the literature, this is the youngest case to be reported. Conclusions SMM is an extremely rare tumor with a benign course. Complete surgical excision should be attempted. Age of presentation may be as young as in our case and the diagnosis of such a tumor should never be excluded in this early age group with persistent low back ache.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hashem M Aboul-Ela
- 1Neurosurgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed F Alsawy
- 1Neurosurgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Koheil
- 2Neurosurgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Ahmed H Ashry
- 1Neurosurgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Schembri M, Kok HK, Brennan P, O'Hare A, Thornton J, Looby S, Asadi H. Mystery Case: Dural melanocytoma with leptomeningeal melanocytosis. Neurology 2017; 88:e70-e71. [PMID: 28242855 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000003654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Schembri
- From the Neuroradiology and Neurointerventional Service (M.S., H.K.K., P.B., A.O., J.T., S.L., H.A.), Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; and School of Medicine (H.A.), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Australia
| | - Hong Kuan Kok
- From the Neuroradiology and Neurointerventional Service (M.S., H.K.K., P.B., A.O., J.T., S.L., H.A.), Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; and School of Medicine (H.A.), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Australia
| | - Paul Brennan
- From the Neuroradiology and Neurointerventional Service (M.S., H.K.K., P.B., A.O., J.T., S.L., H.A.), Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; and School of Medicine (H.A.), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Australia
| | - Alan O'Hare
- From the Neuroradiology and Neurointerventional Service (M.S., H.K.K., P.B., A.O., J.T., S.L., H.A.), Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; and School of Medicine (H.A.), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Australia
| | - John Thornton
- From the Neuroradiology and Neurointerventional Service (M.S., H.K.K., P.B., A.O., J.T., S.L., H.A.), Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; and School of Medicine (H.A.), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Australia
| | - Seamus Looby
- From the Neuroradiology and Neurointerventional Service (M.S., H.K.K., P.B., A.O., J.T., S.L., H.A.), Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; and School of Medicine (H.A.), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Australia
| | - Hamed Asadi
- From the Neuroradiology and Neurointerventional Service (M.S., H.K.K., P.B., A.O., J.T., S.L., H.A.), Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; and School of Medicine (H.A.), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Australia.
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Yang C, Fang J, Li G, Jia W, Liu H, Qi W, Xu Y. Spinal meningeal melanocytomas: clinical manifestations, radiological and pathological characteristics, and surgical outcomes. J Neurooncol 2016; 127:279-86. [DOI: 10.1007/s11060-015-2006-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Dorwal P, Mohapatra I, Gautam D, Gupta A. Intramedullary melanocytoma of thoracic spine: A rare case report. Asian J Neurosurg 2014; 9:36-9. [PMID: 24891889 PMCID: PMC4038865 DOI: 10.4103/1793-5482.131068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanocytomas are present in leptomeninges and arise from neural crest during early embryonic development. They are a rare entity and usually occur in the thoracic spine and infratentorial region. We report a 32-year-old female with meningeal melanocytoma of D9-10. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an intramedullary spinal tumor at D9-D10. Intraoperatively, the tumor was greyish-black in color with moderate vascularity, and was adherent to the cord. The clinical differential diagnoses included cavernoma and melanocytoma. On microscopic examination, the lesion showed sheets of cells with marked pigment deposition, which was obscuring the cellular morphology. The pigment was confirmed to be melanin by Masson's Fontana stain. Immunohistochemistry was performed, which showed positivity for HMB-45, S-100, Vimentin and Melan-A. The cells were negative for cytokeratin, epithelial membrane antigen, Glial fibrillary acidic protein and neuron-specific enolase. Mib-1 labeling index was less than 1%. In view of the lack of nuclear atypia, mitoses, necrosis and low Mib-1-labeling index along with immunohistochemistry profile, the diagnosis of Melanocytoma was made. Melanocytomas are rare pigmented tumors of the spinal cord and posterior cranial fossa. They are benign in nature, but can also be locally aggressive. Melanocytic lesions of the nervous system are to be differentiated from metastatic melanomas and also tumors showing melanin pigment deposition like schwanomma, paraganglioma, medulloblastoma and various gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranav Dorwal
- Department of Pathology, Medanta The Medicity, Gurgaon, India
| | | | - Dheeraj Gautam
- Department of Pathology, Medanta The Medicity, Gurgaon, India
| | - Aditya Gupta
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medanta The Medicity, Gurgaon, India
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Mahta A, Borys E, Vandenberg SR, Carter B, Kesari S. 72 Year Old Female with Leg Weakness. Brain Pathol 2014; 24:195-6. [DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mahta
- Department of Neurosciences; Moores Cancer Center
| | - Ewa Borys
- Department of Pathology; Neuropathology division; University of California; San Diego La Jolla CA
| | - Scott R. Vandenberg
- Department of Pathology; Neuropathology division; University of California; San Diego La Jolla CA
| | - Bob Carter
- Department of Neurosurgery; University of California; San Diego La Jolla CA
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