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Hong SA, Simpson MC, Du EY, Ward GM. Epidemiology and Prognostic Indicators of Survival in Tongue Lymphoma. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2023; 132:190-199. [PMID: 35373599 DOI: 10.1177/00034894221088175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Lymphoma, categorized as either non-Hodgkin's lymphoma or Hodgkin's lymphoma, is the second most common malignancy in the head and neck. Primary tongue lymphoma is exceedingly rare, with only case reports or small case series in the literature. This population-based analysis is the first to report the epidemiology and prognostic factors of survival in patients with primary tongue lymphoma. METHODS The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 18 database from the National Cancer Institute was queried for patients diagnosed between the years 2000 and 2016 with tongue lymphoma. Outcomes of interest were overall and disease-specific survival. Independent variables included age at diagnosis, sex, race, marital status, primary subsite, histologic subtype, stage, and treatment type. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Seven hundred forty patients met criteria; the male-female ratio was 1.5:1 and the mean age at diagnosis was 67.8 years. The majority of lesions localized to the base of tongue (90.0%), were histologically diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (59.5%), and presented at stage I or II (77.9%). Most early-stage lymphomas were treated with chemotherapy only (40.5%) or a combination of both chemotherapy and radiation (31.3%), while late-stage cancers were primarily treated with chemotherapy alone (68.5%). In multivariate analysis, younger age at diagnosis, female sex, married/partnered marital status, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue histologic subtype, and earlier cancer stage were found to be associated with improved survival. Chemotherapy treatment with or without radiation was also associated with better survival compared to no treatment or radiation alone, though data regarding immunotherapy was unavailable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Hong
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, St. Louis University Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Matthew C Simpson
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, St. Louis University Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Eric Y Du
- Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Gregory M Ward
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, St. Louis University Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Clarke J, Medford S, Islam S, Ramsingh C, Christopher M. Extranodal lymphoma of the tongue, a very rare entity-report of two cases with literature review. Int J Surg Case Rep 2018; 54:70-74. [PMID: 30529948 PMCID: PMC6289947 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2018.09.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The extranodal lymphoma of the base of the tongue is extremely rare. Among the lymphoma of the tongue; B cell lymphoma is more common than T cell lymphoma. It should be included in the differentials in patients with tumors arising from this site. Early detection and treatment can often result in a complete cure and a better long-term survival.
Background Lymphomas are malignant neoplasms of the lymphocyte cell lines affecting the lymph nodes, spleen and other nonhemopoietic tissues. Of the extranodal lymphomas found in the head and neck region, 3–5% of malignant lymphomas arise in the oral and paraoral region, mainly from Waldeyer's ring. The involvement of the base of the tongue is extremely rare. Summarised Case Case 1: 64 year old female who presented initially with an enlarged occipital lymph node which gradually became generalized cervical lymphadenopathy with initial histology confirmed reactive lymphoid hyperplasia. Biopsy of left postero-lateral tongue lesion eventually showed high grade T cell lymphoma. Case 2: 85 year old male presented with history of dysphagia for one year who was found to have a lesion extending from his base of tongue into the nasopharynx. Histology showed a diffuse B cell lymphoma. Discussion Both patients were noted to have lesion of the tongue, but tongue lesions are noted in the literature to be extremely rare. When tongue lymphomas do occur, most are of B-cell origin; the diffuse large-cell variety is the most common. Extranodal lymphomas of the T cell phenotype tend more to be sinonasal in origin than of the tongue, with T cell lymphomas of the tongue being even rarer than B cell lymphomas. Conclusion With regards to tumours arising in the tongue, squamous cell carcinomas are still classified as the most common. Lymphomas however, should still be kept in consideration as a differential diagnosis with regards to lesions arising from this site.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Clarke
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, San Fernando Teaching Hospital, Trinidad and Tobago; Department of Clinical Surgical Science, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - S Medford
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, San Fernando Teaching Hospital, Trinidad and Tobago; Department of Clinical Surgical Science, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - S Islam
- Department of General Surgery, San Fernando Teaching Hospital, Trinidad and Tobago; Department of Clinical Surgical Science, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.
| | - C Ramsingh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, San Fernando Teaching Hospital, Trinidad and Tobago; Department of Clinical Surgical Science, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - M Christopher
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, San Fernando Teaching Hospital, Trinidad and Tobago; Department of Clinical Surgical Science, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
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Harris LJ, Rout ED, Hughes KL, Labadie JD, Boostrom B, Yoshimoto JA, Cannon CM, Avery PR, Ehrhart E, Avery AC. Clinicopathologic features of lingual canine T-zone lymphoma. Vet Comp Oncol 2017; 16:131-139. [DOI: 10.1111/vco.12322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. J. Harris
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; Colorado State University; Fort Collins Colorado
| | - E. D. Rout
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; Colorado State University; Fort Collins Colorado
| | - K. L. Hughes
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; Colorado State University; Fort Collins Colorado
| | - J. D. Labadie
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; Colorado State University; Fort Collins Colorado
| | - B. Boostrom
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; Colorado State University; Fort Collins Colorado
| | - J. A. Yoshimoto
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; Colorado State University; Fort Collins Colorado
| | - C. M. Cannon
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine; University of Minnesota; St. Paul Minnesota
| | - P. R. Avery
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; Colorado State University; Fort Collins Colorado
| | - E.J. Ehrhart
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; Colorado State University; Fort Collins Colorado
| | - A. C. Avery
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; Colorado State University; Fort Collins Colorado
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Chettiankandy TJ, Tupkari JV, Kumar K, Ahire MS. B-cell lymphoma, unclassifiable, with features intermediate between diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and classical Burkitt's lymphoma: A case report and review. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2016; 20:333. [PMID: 27601842 PMCID: PMC4989580 DOI: 10.4103/0973-029x.185936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
B-cell lymphoma, unclassifiable, with features intermediate between diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and classical Burkitt's lymphoma (BL), is a diagnostic provisional category in the World Health Organization 2008 classification of lymphomas. This category was designed as a measure to accommodate borderline cases that cannot be reliably classified into a single distinct disease entity after all available morphological, immunophenotypical and molecular studies have been performed. Typically, these cases share features intermediate between DLBCL and classical BL or include characteristics of both lymphomas. The rarity of such cases poses a tremendous challenge to both pathologists and oncologists because its differential diagnosis has direct implications for management strategies. In this article, we present a “classical unclassifiable lymphoma with features intermediate between DLBCL and BL” in a young male patient and review of literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabita Joy Chettiankandy
- Department of Oral Pathology, Government Dental College and Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Jagdish Vishnu Tupkari
- Department of Microbiology, Government Dental College and Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Keshav Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, Government Dental College and Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Manisha Sandeep Ahire
- Department of Microbiology, Government Dental College and Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Simsek E, Ozmen HK, Bilen Y, Calik M, GüNDOGDU B, Erdemci B. Cystic isolated lymphoma of the base of the tongue: A case report. Oncol Lett 2016; 11:2539-2541. [PMID: 27073513 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolated lymphoma of the base of the tongue is a relatively rare condition. The clinical presentation may vary from a submucosal mass with a cystic appearance to an ulcerated lesion. In the present case, a cystic mass was identified in a patient admitted with a sore throat. Pathological examination confirmed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. The clinical and pathological picture of lymphomas covers a wide spectrum and the rate of occurrence in the oral cavity is 3-5%. Among all malignant tumors of the oral cavity, lymphomas represent the third most common type of tumor, following squamous cell carcinoma and salivary gland neoplasms. Lymphomas of the oral cavity mostly arise from the Waldeyer ring, which is a lymphoid tissue. In our case, no recurrence was observed during the 8-month follow-up period after the patient was administered chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy. In conclusion, although isolated lymphoma of the base of the tongue is extremely rare, it should always be considered in patients presenting with a sore throat and the sensation of a foreign body in the throat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eda Simsek
- Ear, Nose and Throat Clinic, Education and Research Hospital, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| | - Hilal Kiziltunc Ozmen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ataturk University Medical School, Erzurum 25170, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Bilen
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ataturk University Medical School, Erzurum 25170, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Calik
- Department of Pathology, Ataturk University Medical School, Erzurum 25170, Turkey
| | - Betül GüNDOGDU
- Department of Pathology, Ataturk University Medical School, Erzurum 25170, Turkey
| | - Burak Erdemci
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ataturk University Medical School, Erzurum 25170, Turkey
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Singh A, Sood N, Kaur H, Garg B, Munjal M. Primary diffuse large B cell lymphoma of the base of tongue: a rare entity. Am J Otolaryngol 2014; 35:435-8. [PMID: 24636915 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2013.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Primary lymphomas of the oral cavity are uncommon and of the tongue even rarer. It is more common in the masticatory mucosa than the lingual and buccal mucosa. We describe a 63 year old male who presented with dysphagia & change in voice. Computed tomography revealed a 4.8 × 3.7 cm mass localized to the base of tongue. He underwent biopsy and IHC studies & was diagnosed as having diffuse large B cell lymphoma. The patient was successfully treated with wide excision of the lesion and is undergoing chemotherapy now. Although oral lymphoma of tongue is very uncommon, it should always be considered in differential diagnosis of various benign and malignant lesions in this region. A proper clinical evaluation and histopathologic as well as immunohistochemical evaluation of biopsy specimen are required to establish the diagnosis and for further management. This is one of the few cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the base of tongue being reported from India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aminder Singh
- Department of Pathology, Dayanand Medical College & Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
| | - Neena Sood
- Department of Pathology, Dayanand Medical College & Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- Department of Pathology, Dayanand Medical College & Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
| | - Bhavna Garg
- Department of Pathology, Dayanand Medical College & Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Manish Munjal
- Department of Pathology, Dayanand Medical College & Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
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Laus F, Rossi G, Paggi E, Bordicchia M, Fratini M, Tesei B. Adenocarcinoma involving the tongue and the epiglottis in a horse. J Vet Med Sci 2013; 76:467-70. [PMID: 24284972 PMCID: PMC4013378 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.13-0417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumors involving the oral cavity of the horse are uncommon. No cases of equine adenocarcinoma on the dorsum of the tongue have been reported in the literature. We report a case of adenocarcinoma located on the dorsum of the posterior one-third of the tongue in a 29-year-old gelding with severe dysphagia. Endoscopy revealed an epiglottis involvement, and histology was consistent with adenocarcinoma arising from minor salivary glands, which was associated with a severe fungal colonization of affected tissues. The goals of this report are to present an uncommon case of dorsum of the tongue-associated neoplasia and to highlight the association with atypical fungal colonization, to review the literature and to discuss possible clinical approach and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulvio Laus
- School of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Camerino, Via Circonvallazione 93-95, 62024, Matelica (MC) Italy
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