1
|
Omaish RS, Al-Fayyadh ZA, Al-Habashneh SM, Al-Mashhdi SY, Khasawneh SY, Naber IA, Bourghli SL, Al-Adily TN, Al-Fararjeh FM, Sughayer MA. A survey assessing knowledge and attitude about blood donation among blood donors in Jordan. SAGE Open Med 2024; 12:20503121241259340. [PMID: 38855006 PMCID: PMC11159535 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241259340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Recruitment of low risk blood donors can be challenging. Efforts should be made to increase the level of awareness and positive attitude towards blood donation. An essential step to achieve this is obtaining comprehensive data about the current situation of awareness, knowledge and attitudes of the population towards blood donation. Methods/materials The present study was conducted at two blood donation centres in Amman, Jordan, during 2021. A total of 536 whole blood donors were included. Data regarding their demographic characteristics, blood donation history as well as their knowledge and attitudes regarding blood donation were collected by a questionnaire. Results Four hundred ninety participants (91.4%) were males, whereas only 46 participants (8.6%) were females. Ninety seven subjects (18.1%) were first time donors, whereas 431 subjects (81.9%) had previous donations. The participants' median score in the knowledge section was 19.0 points (range 5-25 points). Based on a cut-off of 15 out of 28: 84% of the participants were knowledgeable. Similarly 97% of the participants had a positive attitude based on a cut-off of 17 out of 32 points. Multivariate analysis revealed that high knowledge score was significantly associated with study major and employment status, whereas a positive attitude was significantly associated with a higher income. More than half of first time donors stated lack of awareness as being the reason for not donating blood before. Conclusion Measures to improve awareness, knowledge and attitudes towards blood donation should be implemented in order to meet the increasing demand for blood and blood components. Targeted campaigns, correction of some misconceptions and using different motivations are suggested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Isam A. Naber
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Sana L. Bourghli
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, School of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Tariq N. Al-Adily
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Firas M. Al-Fararjeh
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Maher A. Sughayer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Oo MZ, Tint SS, Wiwatkunupakarn N, Panza A, Angkurawaranon C, Oo KM. Exploring the determinants of risk behavior for transfusion transmissible infections among first-time blood donors in Mandalay General Hospital, Myanmar. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304134. [PMID: 38781190 PMCID: PMC11115300 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Blood donation is vital to healthcare, but it must be kept safe by mitigating the risk of transfusion transmissible infections (TTIs). The objective of this study was to investigate the factors that influence risk behavior for transfusion transmissible infections among first-time blood donors at Mandalay General Hospital, Myanmar. METHODS This study utilized a cross-sectional study design using secondary data. Mandalay city and Mandalay Blood Bank in Mandalay General Hospital were purposely selected and a total of 406 first-time blood donors participated. A structured questionnaire administered by an interviewer was used. The questionnaire contained background characteristics, knowledge on TTIs, attitude toward TTIs, and TTIs risk behaviors. To examine the determinants (background characteristics, knowledge, and attitude) that affect risk behavior, inferential statistics techniques that included the chi-squared test, bivariable logistic regression, and multivariable logistic regression were applied. A p-value of less than 0.05 signified statistical significance. RESULTS Among 406 first-time blood donors, 52.9% were under 20 years old, and 53.7% were male. Most had undergraduate education (77.6%), were married (84.2%), and were students (55.7%). Additionally, 76.8% hadn't received the hepatitis B vaccine. Blood groups were distributed as follows: B (40.0%), O (33.8%), A (23.4%), AB (8.9%). About 15.8% showed high knowledge level, and 63.6% had high attitude. Notably, 29.3% exhibited high-risk behavior for TTIs. Age was associated with lower risk behavior (OR = 1.54, 95% CI: 0.99, 2.38, p = 0.049), but lost significance in multivariable regression (p = 0.214). Knowledge on TTIs didn't show significance. However, high attitudes were significantly associated with lower risk behavior (OR = 11.4, 95% CI: 1.25, 103.83, p = 0.017, retained in multivariable regression, p = 0.012). CONCLUSION Findings of this study contribute in the development of programs that ensure a safe and reliable blood supply chain. To improve blood safety standards among first-time blood donors, this study highlights the value of targeted education and screening processes, placing particular emphasis on acquiring knowledge and positive attitude toward blood donation and risk behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myo Zin Oo
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Global Health and Chronic Conditions Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Soe Sandi Tint
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Global Health and Chronic Conditions Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nutchar Wiwatkunupakarn
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Global Health and Chronic Conditions Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Alessio Panza
- College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chaisiri Angkurawaranon
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Global Health and Chronic Conditions Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Kyaw Min Oo
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Medicine, Mandalay, Myanmar
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Eltewacy NK, Ali HT, Owais TA, Alkanj S, Ebada MA. Unveiling blood donation knowledge, attitude, and practices among 12,606 university students: a cross-sectional study across 16 countries. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8219. [PMID: 38589387 PMCID: PMC11001850 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58284-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
We assessed university students' knowledge, attitude, and practice toward blood donation and identified the factors that promote or hinder their willingness to donate. We employed a multicenter cross-sectional design, collecting data from August to October 2022 through self-administered questionnaires available in Arabic and English. Both online (Google Forms) and paper surveys were utilized. Data were analyzed using R Statistical Software (v4.1.3; R Core Team 2022). A total of 12,606 university students (7966 females and 4640 males) from 16 countries completed the questionnaire; of them, 28.5% had a good knowledge level regarding blood donation, and 22.7% had donated blood at least once. Students in health science colleges had significantly more awareness of blood donation (p-value < 0.001), but there were no significant differences in practice (p-value = 0.8). Barriers to donation included not being asked (37%), medical ineligibility (33%), fear of pain or infection (18%), concerns about negative health effects (18%), difficulty accessing donation centers (15%), and medical mistrust (14%). Individuals aged > 20 years had significantly higher odds of possessing a high knowledge level (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.77, p < 0.001). Private and international university enrollment was associated with increased knowledge (aOR 1.19, p-value < 0.001 and aOR 1.44, p-value = 0.003), while non-health science college students had lower odds (aOR 0.36, p < 0.001). Regarding blood donation status, participants > 20 years old were more likely to donate (aOR 2.21, p < 0.001). Conversely, being female, having congenital or chronic diseases, and possessing low knowledge levels were associated with decreased odds of blood donation (all p < 0.05). University students show insufficient knowledge about blood donation, with health science students displaying higher awareness levels. Despite their positive attitudes, blood donation rates remain low across all disciplines. It is imperative to enhance education and accessibility to foster a culture of blood donation among students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nael Kamel Eltewacy
- École Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Eltewacy Arab Research Group (EARG), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hossam Tharwat Ali
- Eltewacy Arab Research Group (EARG), Cairo, Egypt
- Qena Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Tarek A Owais
- Eltewacy Arab Research Group (EARG), Cairo, Egypt
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Souad Alkanj
- Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, El-Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Ebada
- Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, El-Sharkia, Egypt.
- Egyptian Fellowship of Neurology, Ministry of Health and Population of Egypt, Cairo, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jamal S, Mansoor N, Ali A, Nadeem A, Aijaz J, Meraj F. Degree of blood safety of voluntary non-remunerated versus replacement blood donations: A multi-centre study of the large cohort of blood donors from two provinces of Pakistan. Vox Sang 2023; 118:1078-1085. [PMID: 37850301 DOI: 10.1111/vox.13546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Voluntary non-remunerated blood donors (VNRBDs) are recognized as being crucial for the safety and sustainability of national blood supplies. Systems based on replacement donors (RDs) pose high risks of transfusion transmissible infections (TTIs). Currently, only 10%-13% of blood donations are voluntary in Pakistan. No large-scale studies have been conducted to objectively evaluate the impact of the mode of donation on the frequency of TTIs, a gap this study aimed to fill. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was conducted at the Indus Hospital, Karachi. Data from a total of 591,820 blood donations were included from 1 October 2017 to 30 May 2021 and evaluated for type of donations and results of TTI testing, primarily performed on Architect i2000SR (Abbott). The TTIs tested include hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, human immunodeficiency virus, syphilis and malaria. RESULTS A total of 477,938 (80.7%) RDs and 113,882 (19.3%) VNRBDs were screened. Among these, 53,590 (9.06%) were positive for TTIs. There were 10.2% positive RDs (10.08-10.25 95% confidence interval [CI]) while 4.4% in VNRBDs (4.29-4.53 95% CI). Co-infections were observed in 2367 (0.4%) RDs, while 159 (0.02%) in VNRBDs. Geographically, the highest frequency of TTIs was observed in semi-urban areas of Sindh (11.2%) and Punjab (9.6%). A site-wise comparison of TTIs in RD versus VNRBD showed significant differences (p-value 0.00). CONCLUSION RDs are associated with higher frequencies of TTIs, compared with VNRBD. However, the study was unable to assess whether the significant difference was related to individual risk or repeat/first time status of the donors. Other important variables affecting frequency are the catchment area of the blood donors in Pakistan. Urban areas have less prevalence than semi-urban areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saba Jamal
- Pathology and Blood Transfusion Services, Indus Hospital and Health Network, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Neelum Mansoor
- Department of Cytogenetics, Indus Hospital and Health Network, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Amir Ali
- Blood Center, Indus Hospital and Health Network, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ali Nadeem
- Regional Blood Center, Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | - Javeria Aijaz
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Indus Hospital and Health Network, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Meraj
- Department of Hematology, Indus Hospital and Health Network, Karachi, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gosavi M, Ratnakar A, Bhat P, Chavan R. Future doctor's perspective of saving lives through blood donation: A cross-sectional study to assess knowledge, attitude, and blood donation practice among 2 nd year medical undergraduate students. JOURNAL OF MARINE MEDICAL SOCIETY 2023. [DOI: 10.4103/jmms.jmms_104_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
|
6
|
Javaeed A, Kousar R, Farooq A, Hina S, Ghauri SK, Tabbasum T. Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Blood Donation Among Undergraduate Medical Students in Azad Kashmir. Cureus 2020; 12:e7733. [PMID: 32440380 PMCID: PMC7237058 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.7733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the knowledge and attitude of undergraduate medical students of Poonch Medical College about blood donation. Methods This cross-sectional study was done using a 27-item, validated, interviewer-administered questionnaire involving undergraduate medical students from March to October 2018. Informed consent and ethical clearance were secured. Results A total of 318 undergraduate medical students (response rate of 63.6%) was included in this study. Most respondents knew the difference between whole blood and blood components (294; 92.5%) and they also believed that spreading knowledge of blood donation among the health workers is a necessity (306; 96.2%). There was a statistically significant correlation between knowledge and attitude (p .021). Overall knowledge was higher among the female students (p = .019). Conclusion The study revealed an overall good level of knowledge and attitude among medical students. However, there are still areas of improvement such as blood donation and vaccination-related knowledge. The study also identified important facilitators and barriers to blood donation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aalya Farooq
- Pathology, Poonch Medical College, Rawalakot, PAK
| | - Saddaf Hina
- Pathology, Poonch Medical College, Rawalakot, PAK
| | | | - Tayyaba Tabbasum
- Medicine, Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Rawalakot, Rawalakot, PAK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Allain JP. Current approaches to increase blood donations in resource-limited countries. Transfus Med 2019; 29:297-310. [PMID: 31456255 DOI: 10.1111/tme.12629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) suffer from chronic or seasonal blood shortage. The first review was published in 2007. METHODS The review of literature since 2005 presented here uncovered a fairly large number of articles justifying the grouping of blood donation issues into five geographical areas sharing common background. These are Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), Muslim countries, India, China/South East Asia and Latin America/Caribbean islands (LA&C). RESULTS SSA countries start collecting at 16-18 years of age in schools where female donors can be reached better than in other settings. Community-oriented culture favours family donors who need, similar to volunteer non-remunerated donors (VNRD), to be actively induced to repeat donation. Muslim countries share the contradiction of religion encouraging blood donation but restrain women from donating. The active involvement of religious leaders and the progressive easing of female participation are the keys to increasing blood donation. In India, 'social duty' is a major inducement to blood donation but also benefits and rewards. Ways of involving female donors by reducing the donation age to 16 years and providing donor education in schools need to be considered. In China and East Asia, the option of small-volume donation impairs blood collection without being justified by scientific evidence but is a concession to culture. Reducing the donation age would also help the supply. In LA&C, the concept of 'social capital' was developed as a complement or alternative to the theory of planned behaviour. CONCLUSIONS Strategies to improve blood donation and repeat donation should be innovative and adapted to local or regional culture and environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J-P Allain
- Emeritus Professor of Transfusion Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Motivations and attitudes towards the act of blood donation among undergraduate health science students. Transfus Apher Sci 2019; 58:147-151. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2018.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|