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Galassi FM, Lippi D, Zucchini E, Bianucci R, Varotto E. Palaeodermatological exposé on the historical case of Ferdinando II de' Medici (AD 1610-1670). J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023; 37:2415-2418. [PMID: 37638633 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.19436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco M Galassi
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Donatella Lippi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elisa Zucchini
- Department of History, Archaeology, Geography, Fine and Performing Art, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Raffaella Bianucci
- Department of Cultures and Societies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Legal Medicine Section, Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Ronin Institute, New Jersey, Montclair, USA
| | - Elena Varotto
- Archaeology, College of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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2
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Pazhoohi F, Kingstone A. Eyelash length attractiveness across ethnicities. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14849. [PMID: 37684317 PMCID: PMC10491613 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41739-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Eyelashes evolved to protect eyes. An optimum eyelash length functions to protect eyes from external hazards such as contaminations, excessive evaporation or shear stress from airflow. They can also be an indicator of a person's health as various congenital and noncongenital diseases can lead to short or long eyelashes. The current study aimed to extend a recent investigation on the preference for eyelash length in humans from an evolutionary adaptive perspective. Specifically, the current study tested whether the inverted-U function for eyelash length preference recently reported for White faces, generalises to other ethnicities, and whether ethnic background modulates preference for eyelash lengths. To investigate this question, men and women of Asian, Black, and White ethnicities from the U.S. rated the attractiveness of female Indian, Asian, Black, and White faces with varying eyelash lengths. The eyelashes ranged in length from no eyelashes to half the width of an eye. Results showed that Asian, Black, and White men and women preference for eyelash length followed an inverted-U function across all four ethnicities, supporting a general preference for human eyelash length that is approximately one-third the width of an eye. In addition, the results showed that the most attractive eyelashes for Black women were skewed toward a greater eyelash-length to eye-width ratio when compared to the other images. The source of this skew is presently unknown, as it could reflect a change in perceptual sensitivity to eyelash length with skin colour or changes in preference related to perceptions of participants' ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farid Pazhoohi
- School of Psychology, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK.
| | - Alan Kingstone
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, 2136 West Mall, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
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3
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Acar Eser N, Serbest Ceylanoglu K, Malkoc Sen E. Unilateral Ciliary Madarosis in a Child After Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Infection. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2023; 39:e1-e3. [PMID: 36269887 PMCID: PMC9809536 DOI: 10.1097/iop.0000000000002295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 life-threatening signs have aroused a great deal of attention since the beginning of the pandemic. In the initial stages of the pandemic, the pediatric population was mostly protected, and the symptoms in affected children were mild. Here, the authors present a 7-year-old boy with left upper eyelid ciliary madarosis that developed 9 weeks after coronavirus disease 2019 infection. During comprehensive ophthalmologic examination, no conjunctival injection, chemosis, erythema, or crusts on the eyelids and no other meibomian gland disease findings were detected. Comprehensive laboratory workup was performed to exclude any other possible causes of ciliary madarosis. All laboratory parameters tested within normal limits. In addition to the patient's ocular surface and physical examination findings, laboratory results and the timing of the symptoms as well as spontaneous recovery at follow-up visits led the authors to conclude that telogen effluvium was to cause of the isolated, unilateral ciliary madarosis in this case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazan Acar Eser
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Health Science, Ulucanlar Eye Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kubra Serbest Ceylanoglu
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Health Science, Ulucanlar Eye Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emine Malkoc Sen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Health Science, Ulucanlar Eye Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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4
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Hanumanthu V, Narang T, Dogra S. Comment on "Multibacillary leprosy unmasked by COVID-19 vaccination". JAAD Case Rep 2022; 26:1-2. [PMID: 35721522 PMCID: PMC9188113 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2022.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Hanumanthu
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Tarun Narang
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sunil Dogra
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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5
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Li K, Sun P, Liu F, Hu Z, Miao Y. Frontal-Temporal Triangle Area Hair for Eyebrow Restoration in Asians: A Comparative Study With Periauricular and Occipital Hair. Dermatol Surg 2022; 48:731-736. [PMID: 35583985 DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000003469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The frontal-temporal triangle area (FTTA) hair has a slow growth rate and thin caliber, which are similar to those of eyebrow hair. However, a comparison of cosmetic outcomes between FTTA and other scalp hair grafts in eyebrow transplantation has not been performed. OBJECTIVE To compare the cosmetic outcomes of FTTA hair and periauricular and occipital area (POA) hair in eyebrow restoration. METHODS A retrospective analysis of 155 patients with FTTA or POA hair transplants was performed. Comparative variables included patient characteristics, hair density, diameter, percentage of one-hair follicular units (FUs), number of transplanted FUs, harvesting time, transection rate, hair survival rate, frequency of eyebrow trimming, and patient satisfaction. RESULTS There was a significant difference in hair density, diameter, percentage of one-hair FUs, and harvesting time between the FTTA and POA hair transplants. The FTTA hair grew significantly slower than the POA hair did. The patients in the FTTA group trimmed their postoperative eyebrows at a significantly longer interval than those in the POA group. The percentage of patients who were very satisfied with the surgery results was higher in the FTTA group. CONCLUSION The FTTA hair grafts can provide aesthetically pleasing cosmetic results in eyebrow restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitao Li
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Pingping Sun
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Medical Cosmetic and Plastic Surgery Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiqi Hu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Miao
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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6
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Brito FF, Donati A, Kakizaki P, Valente NYS, Michalany N, Machado CJ, Hirata S. Virchowian leprosy madarosis: Histological evidence of a permanent non-cicatricial alopecia. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2022; 36:e960-e962. [PMID: 35771122 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F F Brito
- UNIFESP, University Federal of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - A Donati
- Department of Dermatology, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - P Kakizaki
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital do Servidor Publico Estadual de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - N Y S Valente
- Department of Dermatology, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - N Michalany
- Department of Dermatopathology, University Federal of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - C J Machado
- Faculty of Medicine, UFMG, Public Health, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - S Hirata
- Department of Dermatology, University Federal of Sao Paulo, 865 Napoleao de Barros Street, Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo, SP, 04024-002, Brazil
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7
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Heim M, Nixon IJ, Emmerson E, Callanan A. From hormone replacement therapy to regenerative scaffolds: A review of current and novel primary hypothyroidism therapeutics. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:997288. [PMID: 36277721 PMCID: PMC9581390 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.997288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary hypothyroidism severely impacts the quality of life of patients through a decrease in the production of the thyroid hormones T3 and T4, leading to symptoms affecting cardiovascular, neurological, cognitive, and metabolic function. The incidence rate of primary hypothyroidism is expected to increase in the near future, partially due to increasing survival of patients that have undergone radiotherapy for head and neck cancer, which induces this disease in over half of those treated. The current standard of care encompasses thyroid hormone replacement therapy, traditionally in the form of synthetic T4. However, there is mounting evidence that this is unable to restore thyroid hormone signaling in all tissues due to often persistent symptoms. Additional complications are also present in the form of dosage difficulties, extensive drug interactions and poor patience compliance. The alternative therapeutic approach employed in the past is combination therapy, which consists of administration of both T3 and T4, either synthetic or in the form of desiccated thyroid extract. Here, issues are present regarding the lack of regulation concerning formulation and lack of data regarding safety and efficacy of these treatment methods. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have been applied in conjunction with each other to restore function of various tissues. Recently, these techniques have been adapted for thyroid tissue, primarily through the fabrication of regenerative scaffolds. Those currently under investigation are composed of either biopolymers or native decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) in conjunction with either primary thyrocytes or stem cells which have undergone directed thyroid differentiation. Multiple of these scaffolds have successfully restored an athyroid phenotype in vivo. However, further work is needed until clinical translation can be achieved. This is proposed in the form of exploration and combination of materials used to fabricate these scaffolds, the addition of peptides which can aid restoration of tissue homeostasis and additional in vivo experimentation providing data on safety and efficacy of these implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Heim
- Institute for Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Ian J. Nixon
- Department of ENT, Head and Neck Surgery, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Elaine Emmerson
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony Callanan
- Institute for Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Anthony Callanan,
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8
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Agrawal S, Sabir M, Modaboyina S, Das D. Unusual case of bilateral ciliary madarosis: trichotillomania. BMJ Case Rep 2021; 14:e244215. [PMID: 34725061 PMCID: PMC8562503 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-244215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sahil Agrawal
- Ophthalmology, Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, AIIMS, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Mohd Sabir
- Ophthalmology, Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, AIIMS, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Sujeeth Modaboyina
- Ophthalmology, Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, AIIMS, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Deepsekhar Das
- Ophthalmology, Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, AIIMS, New Delhi, Delhi, India
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9
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Palaniappan V, Karthikeyan K. Leonine facies and madarosis in lepromatous leprosy. Postgrad Med J 2021; 98:e36. [PMID: 37063004 DOI: 10.1136/postgradmedj-2021-141061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kaliaperumal Karthikeyan
- Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College and Hospital, Cuddalore, Tamil Nadu, India.,India
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10
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Patra PK, Banday AZ, Aggarwal R, Jindal AK, Singh S. Madarosis in acute Kawasaki disease-an uncustomary accompaniment. Clin Rheumatol 2021; 40:5119-5120. [PMID: 34378083 PMCID: PMC8354682 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-021-05882-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pratap Kumar Patra
- Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Aaqib Zaffar Banday
- Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Ridhima Aggarwal
- Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Ankur Kumar Jindal
- Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India.
| | - Surjit Singh
- Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
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11
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Bitton E, Courey C, Giancola P, Diaconu V, Wise J, Wittich W. Effects of LATISSE (bimatoprost 0.03 per cent topical solution) on the ocular surface. Clin Exp Optom 2021; 100:583-589. [DOI: 10.1111/cxo.12507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Etty Bitton
- École d'optométrie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,
| | - Claudine Courey
- École d'optométrie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,
| | | | - Vasile Diaconu
- École d'optométrie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,
| | - Jack Wise
- École d'optométrie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,
| | - Walter Wittich
- École d'optométrie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,
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12
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Atomoxetine-Associated Eyebrow Alopecia in a Girl With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2021; 41:605-606. [PMID: 34369904 PMCID: PMC8407445 DOI: 10.1097/jcp.0000000000001454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Murphy O, O' Dwyer V, Lloyd-McKernan A. The Clinical Use of Eyelash Manipulation in the Diagnosis of Demodex folliculorum Blepharitis. Eye Contact Lens 2020; 46 Suppl 1:S33-S38. [PMID: 30950926 DOI: 10.1097/icl.0000000000000608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the efficacy of using an eyelash manipulation technique to the traditional eyelash epilation and subsequent microscopic examination technique, when investigating for the presence of Demodex folliculorum in a clinical setting. METHODS Four hundred twenty-eight eyelashes of 107 subjects were chosen to compare the quantity of D. folliculorum visible on eyelash manipulation with the slitlamp biomicroscope to that counted on microscopic examination of the same epilated eyelash. One eyelash from each eyelid was rotated with sterile forceps in situ, and the number of D. folliculorum seen emerging from the follicle was counted. The same eyelash was then epilated, and the number of D. folliculorum on the epilated eyelash was counted. Data were analyzed to check for agreement between the two techniques. RESULTS Intraclass correlation coefficient showed moderately good agreement for assessing the quantity of D. folliculorum (0.78) between the techniques. However, the Bland-Altman plot suggested that consistently higher quantities were found on eyelash manipulation. The overall mean quantity of D. folliculorum was also greater on eyelash manipulation (1.45 mites; range, 0-13 mites) than on microscopic examination of the epilated eyelash (0.81 mites; range, 0-16; P= <0.001). Weighted kappa (κw=0.56) indicated weak levels of agreement between the two methods for addressing severity of infestation. CONCLUSION Eyelash manipulation exhibited larger quantities of D. folliculorum than complete epilation of the eyelash. In a clinical setting, complete eyelash epilation is not necessary to accurately detect Demodex blepharitis requiring treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orla Murphy
- School of Physics & Clinical & Optometric Sciences, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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14
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Anzai A, Pirmez R, Vincenzi C, Fabbrocini G, Romiti R, Tosti A. Trichoscopy findings of frontal fibrosing alopecia on the eyebrows: A study of 151 cases. J Am Acad Dermatol 2019; 85:1130-1134. [PMID: 31857108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2019.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eyebrow loss (madarosis) is a frequent sign of frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA), and it can be the first sign of the disease. OBJECTIVE To describe trichoscopy findings of FFA on the eyebrows. METHODS The analysis included 151 women with histologically proven diagnosis of FFA and eyebrow loss. Trichoscopy of the eyebrow area was performed with either a FotoFinder videodermatoscope or handheld dermoscope DermLite II pro. RESULTS The most frequent signs on trichoscopy were yellow dots (92.7%), multiple pinpoint dots (79.5%), short thin hairs/vellus (76.2%), black dots (66.2%), and dystrophic hairs (60.9%). Tapering hairs were found in 21 (13.9%) patients and dystrophic hairs in 92 (60.9%) patients. LIMITATIONS Inner limitations of a case series (there was no comparison with healthy control individuals or patients with other hair disorders) and lack of histologic correlation to the trichoscopy findings. CONCLUSIONS Although FFA is a scarring alopecia, the most common trichoscopy signs found in the eyebrows are usually related to noncicatricial alopecia. Therefore, in most cases, trichoscopy of the eyebrows does not resemble the trichoscopy of FFA on the scalp. Black dots, dystrophic hairs, and broken hairs are frequent signs. Occasionally, tapered hairs can be present on the eyebrows in FFA, leading to misdiagnosis of alopecia areata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Anzai
- Department of Dermatology, Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Pirmez
- Department of Dermatology, Instituto de Dermatologia Professor Rubem David Azulay, Santa Casa de Misericórdia, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Colombina Vincenzi
- Department of Specialized Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, Dermatology, Alma Mater Studiorum-Universitá di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Ricardo Romiti
- Department of Dermatology, Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonella Tosti
- Department of Dermatology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
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15
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Doche I, Tosti A, Neto CF, Trindade MÂB, Rivitti‐Machado MCM, Avancini J. Trichoscopic findings of eyebrow alopecia in patients with multibacillary leprosy. Int J Dermatol 2019; 58:e105-e107. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.14369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Doche
- Division of Dermatology, Hospital das Clinicas Medical School, University of São Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Antonella Tosti
- Department of Dermatology Miller Medical School University of Miami Miami FL USA
| | - Cyro F. Neto
- Division of Dermatology, Hospital das Clinicas Medical School, University of São Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Maria Ângela B. Trindade
- Division of Dermatology, Hospital das Clinicas Medical School, University of São Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil
| | | | - Joao Avancini
- Division of Dermatology, Hospital das Clinicas Medical School, University of São Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil
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16
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Waśkiel-Burnat A, Rakowska A, Kurzeja M, Czuwara J, Sikora M, Olszewska M, Rudnicka L. The value of dermoscopy in diagnosing eyebrow loss in patients with alopecia areata and frontal fibrosing alopecia. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2018; 33:213-219. [PMID: 30290016 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.15279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alopecia areata and frontal fibrosing alopecia are common causes of eyebrow loss (madarosis). OBJECTIVE Assessment of trichoscopic markers of eyebrow loss in alopecia areata and frontal fibrosing alopecia. MATERIALS AND METHODS The analysis included 50 patients with scalp alopecia areata with madarosis, 50 patients with scalp frontal fibrosing alopecia with madarosis and 50 healthy controls. In every case, trichoscopy of the eyebrow area was performed. RESULTS Empty follicular and eccrine duct openings were observed in all patients and presented predominantly as yellow dots. Exclamation mark hairs were only detected in patients with alopecia areata (30%). Tapered hairs, broken hair, black dots and Pohl-Pinkus constrictions were observed in 14%, 36%, 26% and 4% of patients with alopecia areata, respectively, 4%, 16%, 2% and 0% of patients with frontal fibrosing alopecia, respectively, and they were not present in healthy controls. Dystrophic hairs and whitish areas were observed only in patients with frontal fibrosing alopecia (28% and 32%, respectively). Eyebrow regrowth in distinct directions was present in 32% of patients with frontal fibrosing alopecia, 8% of patients with alopecia areata and 4% of healthy controls. Diffuse erythema was detected in 60% of patients with alopecia areata and frontal fibrosing alopecia and 56% of healthy controls. Vellus hairs and upright regrowing hairs were observed in patients with alopecia areata (62% and 58%, respectively), frontal fibrosing alopecia (60% and 84%, respectively) and healthy controls (100% and 100%, respectively). CONCLUSION Trichoscopy of the eyebrow area is useful in diagnosing patients with isolated eyebrow loss. The most characteristic trichoscopic features of eyebrow loss in alopecia areata include exclamation mark hairs, tapered hairs, broken hairs and black dots. Frontal fibrosing alopecia of the eyebrows is characterized by the presence of dystrophic hairs, white areas and eyebrow regrowth in distinct directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Waśkiel-Burnat
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Rakowska
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Kurzeja
- Specjalisci Dermatolodzy S.C., Warsaw, Poland
| | - J Czuwara
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Sikora
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Olszewska
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - L Rudnicka
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Aumond S, Bitton E. The eyelash follicle features and anomalies: A review. JOURNAL OF OPTOMETRY 2018; 11:211-222. [PMID: 30017866 PMCID: PMC6147748 DOI: 10.1016/j.optom.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The primary role of eyelashes is to protect and maintain the health of the lid margin. However, the mechanisms to fulfill this role are not fully understood. Unraveling these mechanisms will stand to greatly improve the efficiency of eye care professionals' interventions in anomalies of the eyelashes. The aim of this article is to provide a review on eyelashes including highlights and new avenues for research; the biology of both the lash and its follicle; the pathophysiology and management of lash anomalies by eye care professionals; and the effect of iatrogenic factors on lashes. Using the database of Ovid MEDLINE, we reviewed studies specifically directed on human/mammalian eyelashes and key articles on current trends in scalp hair methodologies that can be applicable to lash research. The eyelash morphology, pigmentation and growth rate have been documented using techniques ranging from lash imaging to follicle immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, studies have demonstrated that the lash follicle is sensitive to many factors of the external environment, a variety of systemic/topical medications and cosmetics. Recently, aerodynamic studies using a mammalian eye model confirmed that an optimal lash length was needed so that eyelashes serve a protective role in reducing the number of particles that can reach the eye. Despite recent advances in lash research, studies are still scarce, due to the limited availability of the human lid for sampling. This review brings awareness that further research is needed with respect to eyelashes and will hopefully reduce the gap with scalp hair research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Aumond
- École d'optométrie, Université de Montréal, 3744 Rue Jean-Brillant, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3T 1P1.
| | - Etty Bitton
- École d'optométrie, Université de Montréal, 3744 Rue Jean-Brillant, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3T 1P1
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Chanasumon N, Sriphojanart T, Suchonwanit P. Therapeutic potential of bimatoprost for the treatment of eyebrow hypotrichosis. Drug Des Devel Ther 2018; 12:365-372. [PMID: 29503529 PMCID: PMC5826207 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s156467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Eyebrows serve as a key feature of the face and have many roles, including cosmetic appearance and social communication. Eyebrow hypotrichosis, which refers to reduction or absence of the eyebrow hair, could be a major problem that leads to negative functional, psychological, and social consequences. Bimatoprost is an ophthalmic prostamide analog that is approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of eyelash hypotrichosis. Its proposed mechanism is stimulation of the prostaglandin receptor in dermal papilla and melanocyte, thus leading to a prolonged anagen phase and increased melanogenesis. The hair follicle then increases in thickness, length, and darkness. The efficacy of bimatoprost for the treatment of eyebrow hypotrichosis has been supported by well-controlled studies. Bimatoprost, which is noninvasive, effective, and well tolerated, is worth considering as a treatment option for eyebrow hypotrichosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nongsak Chanasumon
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tueboon Sriphojanart
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Poonkiat Suchonwanit
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Nguyen HV, Jakobiec FA, Zakka FR, Yoon MK. Bilateral upper and lower eyelid margin swelling and madarosis due to lymphoma. Surv Ophthalmol 2017; 63:589-594. [PMID: 28986312 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Over a 2-year period, swellings of all 4 eyelid margins developed in a 32-year-old woman and was accompanied by complete loss of eyelashes. An inflammatory dermatologic condition was considered the most likely cause. A full-thickness right lower eyelid biopsy revealed a multinodular lymphoid tumor at the eyelid margin which immunophenotypically and genetically was diagnosed as an extranodal marginal zone lymphoma. The mode of presentation of the disease was considered to be most unusual, as was its B cell lineage, since the majority of primary cutaneous lymphomas are of T-cell origin. Systemic workup demonstrated bilateral involvement of the external auditory canals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huy V Nguyen
- The David Cogan Ophthalmic Pathology Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Ophthalmology of the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Frederick A Jakobiec
- The David Cogan Ophthalmic Pathology Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Ophthalmology of the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Fouad R Zakka
- The David Cogan Ophthalmic Pathology Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Ophthalmology of the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, The Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael K Yoon
- Department of Ophthalmology of the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, The Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Amarnani A, Agaronov M, Ozeri D. Repeat Biopsy of IgG4-Related Ophthalmic Disease Identifies Superimposed Herpes Simplex Virus Infection: A Case Report. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2017; 26:1203-1205. [PMID: 28960118 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2017.1335420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David Ozeri
- b New York Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital , Brooklyn , New York , USA
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Liu Z, Chen Y, Lin Z, Shi X. Ophthalmic clues to the endocrine disorders. J Endocrinol Invest 2017; 40:21-25. [PMID: 27568184 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-016-0532-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Eye is a vital sense organ and reflects the physical and mental wellbeing of a person. Detailed examination of the eye is an essential part in the clinical evaluation of patients with any systemic disorder. The interaction between ophthalmologists and endocrinologists is often limited to Graves' ophthalmopathy and diabetic retinopathy. However, there are many ophthalmic manifestations, which are characteristically seen in endocrine disorders. In this review, we shall discuss the ocular manifestations of the endocrine syndromes excluding the Graves' ophthalmopathy and diabetic retinopathy. METHODS We performed a PubMed search of articles published in English showing the ophthalmic features in the endocrine disorders. Relevant cited articles were also retrieved. RESULTS Most of the publications included in the review were case reports and review articles. Many endocrine disorders have characteristic manifestations pertaining to the various structures of the eye. The involvement is seen from the external structures of the eye to the inner most layers of the retina. Many ocular-endocrine syndromes also exist with characteristic clues to the clinical diagnosis. CONCLUSION The endocrinologists need to be aware of these ocular signs that help in the early diagnosis of the underlying disorder. A syndromic approach is essential in the diagnosis of endocrinopathy in patients presenting with ophthalmic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Changchun University of Medicine, Changchun, 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Y Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Changchun University of Medicine, Changchun, 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Z Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Changchun University of Medicine, Changchun, 130000, Jilin, China
| | - X Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Changchun University of Medicine, Changchun, 130000, Jilin, China.
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Anzai A, Donati A, Valente N, Romiti R, Tosti A. Isolated eyebrow loss in frontal fibrosing alopecia: relevance of early diagnosis and treatment. Br J Dermatol 2016; 175:1099-1101. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Anzai
- Department of Dermatology; Universidade de São Paulo Faculdade de Medicina; São Paulo 05403-900 Brazil
| | - A. Donati
- Department of Dermatology; Universidade de São Paulo Faculdade de Medicina; São Paulo 05403-900 Brazil
- Department of Dermatology; Hospital do Servidor Publico Municipal; São Paulo Brazil
| | - N.Y.S. Valente
- Department of Dermatology; Universidade de São Paulo Faculdade de Medicina; São Paulo 05403-900 Brazil
| | - R. Romiti
- Department of Dermatology; Universidade de São Paulo Faculdade de Medicina; São Paulo 05403-900 Brazil
| | - A. Tosti
- Department of Dermatology; University of Miami School of Medicine; Miami FL U.S.A
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Affiliation(s)
- D Parrino
- University of Milano-Bicocca, via Cadore 48, 20900, Monza, Italy
| | - S Di Bella
- Infectious Disease Unit, University Hospital of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
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Charles NC, Patel P. Eyebrow madarosis reflecting an intradermal neoplasm: pleomorphic adenoma, a rare brow tumour. Can J Ophthalmol 2016; 51:e84-5. [PMID: 27316286 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjo.2016.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hamroush A, Cheung D. Irregularly luscious lashes: difficult to say but a sinister sign to miss. BMJ Case Rep 2016; 2016:bcr-2016-215590. [PMID: 27207989 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2016-215590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a case of an 84-year-old man with advanced glaucoma on multiple unilateral glaucoma medication. He had 2 years history of unilateral ocular irritation thought to be related to his medication. Patient was referred to an oculoplastic clinic and found to have segmental eyelash loss partially masked by hypertrichosis caused by glaucoma medications. His symptoms were initially thought to be related to drop-induced blepharitis. A clinical diagnosis of possible basal cell carcinoma (BCC) was made and the incisional biopsy showed infiltrative micronodular BCC. The patient underwent Mohs micrographic surgery and eyelid reconstruction with a Hughes flap and full thickness skin graft. Timely diagnosis of BCC requires a high index of suspicion, particularly when the signs are subtle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Hamroush
- University Hospital of North Midlands, Stoke-on-Trent, UK
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Eyelash transplantation using leg hair by follicular unit extraction. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2015; 3:e324. [PMID: 25878935 PMCID: PMC4387146 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000000292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Fine hairs of the head and nape areas have been used as donor sources in eyelash transplantation but are straight, coarse, and grow rapidly, requiring frequent eyelash maintenance. This is the first reported case of eyelash transplantation by follicular unit extraction using leg hair as a donor source; findings were compared with that of another patient who underwent a similar procedure with donor hairs from the nape area. Although both patients reported marked improvement in fullness of eyelashes within 3 months postsurgery, the transplanted leg hair eyelashes required less frequent trimming (every 5–6 weeks) compared with nape hair eyelashes (every 2–3 weeks). Additionally, in leg hair eyelashes, the need for perming to sustain a natural looking eyelash curl was eliminated. Eyelash transplantation using leg donor hair in hirsute women may result in good cosmetic outcomes and require less maintenance compared with nape donor hair.
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