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Macori G, Al-Qahtani AA, Koolman L, Althawadi S, Mutabaqani M, Bashtawi R, Aljumaa S, Almaghrabi RS, Fanning S. Stenotrophomonas riyadhensis sp. nov., isolated from a hospital floor swab. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2024; 74. [PMID: 38393318 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
During the analysis of a collection of Pseudomonas strains linked to an outbreak in an intensive care unit at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center in 2019, one isolate (CFS3442T) was identified phenotypically as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. However, whole-genome sequencing revealed its true identity as a member of the genus Stenotrophomonas, distinct from both P. aeruginosa and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. The isolate demonstrated: (i) a significant phylogenetic distance from P. aeruginosa; (ii) considerable genomic differences from several S. maltophilia reference strains and other Stenotrophomonas species; and (iii) unique phenotypic characteristics. Based on the combined geno- and phenotypic data, we propose that this isolate represents a novel species within the genus Stenotrophomonas, for which the name Stenotrophomonas riyadhensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CFS3442T (=NCTC 14921T=LMG 33162T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Guerrino Macori
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Present address: School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ahmed Ali Al-Qahtani
- Department of infection control and hospital epidemiology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Leonard Koolman
- UCD-Centre for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sahar Althawadi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maysoon Mutabaqani
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rustom Bashtawi
- Department of infection control and hospital epidemiology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulaiman Aljumaa
- Department of infection control and hospital epidemiology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem Saad Almaghrabi
- Organ transplant center of excellence, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Séamus Fanning
- UCD-Centre for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Ireland
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Antibiotic resistance, virulence, and phylogenetic analysis of Escherichia coli strains isolated from free-living birds in human habitats. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262236. [PMID: 35020771 PMCID: PMC8754294 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Wild birds can be colonized by bacteria, which are often resistant to antibiotics and have various virulence profiles. The aim of this study was to analyze antibiotic resistance mechanisms and virulence profiles in relation to the phylogenetic group of E. coli strains that were isolated from the GI tract of wildfowl. Out of 241 faecal samples, presence of E. coli resistant to a cephalosporin (ESBL/AmpC) was estimated for 33 isolates (13,7%). Based on the analysis of the coexistence of 4 genes encoding ESBLs/AmpC (blaCTX-M, blaTEM,blaSHV, blaAmpC) and class 1 and 2 integrons genes (intI1, intI2) a subset of two resistance profiles was observed among the investigated E. coli isolates carrying blaAmpC, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M, blaTEM, class 1 and 2 integrons, respectively. The E. coli isolates were categorized into 4 phylogenetic groups A (39.4%), B2 (24.25%), D (24.25%) and B1 (12.1%). The pathogenic B2 and D groups were mainly typical for the Laridae family. Among the 28 virulence factors (Vfs) detected in pathogenic phylogenetic groups B2 and D, 7 were exclusively found in those groups (sfa, vat, tosA, tosB, hly, usp, cnf), while 4 VFs (fecA, fyuA, irp2, kspMTII) showed a statistically significant association (P≤0.05) with phylogroups A and B1. Our results indicated that strains belonging to commensal phylogroups A/B1 possess extensive iron acquisition systems (93,9%) and autotransporters (60,6%), typical for pathogens, hence we suggest that these strains evolve towards higher levels of virulence. This study, which is a point assessment of the virulence and drug resistance potential of wild birds, confirms the importance of taking wild birds as a reservoir of strains that pose a growing threat to humans. The E. coli analyzed in our study derive from different phylogenetic groups and possess an arsenal of antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factors that contribute to their ability to cause diseases.
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Kuznetsova MV, Gizatullina JS. Epidemiological characteristics of uropatogenic isolates of Escherichia coli in hospitals. Klin Lab Diagn 2021; 66:248-256. [PMID: 33878248 DOI: 10.51620/0869-2084-2021-66-4-248-256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the genetic affinity of uropathogenic E. coli cultures (UPEC) and to identify the major types of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) found among nosocomial isolates. A molecular typing of UPEC (n=93) isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (UTI) who were hospitalised in nine medical facilities (MO) in Perm was performed. It was found that 69.89% of the cultures had individual RAPD/ERIC profiles, the remaining 30.10% were distributed among 13 genome groups. Most frequently blaCTX-M-1 was detected individually or in combination with other beta-lactamase genes (n=23, 79.31% of ESBL phenotype-positive isolates), genes were detected in seventeen cases (58.62%) blaTEM and/or blaOXA, the blaCMY fragment was found in only three isolates (10.34%), blaSHV was missing in this isolates. It was shown that in two thirds of the cases the pathogens of the infection process are representatives of the endogenous intestinal microbiota of the patients, in other cases an exogenous infection occurs. The proportion of "circulating" (possibly hospital) isolates in the spectrum of UTI increased in the series: therapy departments - surgery departments - intensive care units. In addition, in multidisciplinary hospitals there are conditions for cross-infections of patients, but the epidemiological chains of episodes of UTI are short and concise. It has been shown that the probability of infection with E. coli producing CTX-M or OXA enzymes is significantly higher in the intensive care unit than in surgery or therapy departments. The data obtained complement the understanding of the epidemiology of UTI caused by E. coli and can be used as an aid in the planning and implementation of methods for the prevention and control of nosocomial UTI.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Kuznetsova
- Institute of Ecology and Genetic of Microorganisms Ural Branch Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - J S Gizatullina
- Institute of Ecology and Genetic of Microorganisms Ural Branch Russian Academy of Sciences
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Larramendy S, Deglaire V, Dusollier P, Fournier JP, Caillon J, Beaudeau F, Moret L. Risk Factors of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases-Producing Escherichia coli Community Acquired Urinary Tract Infections: A Systematic Review. Infect Drug Resist 2020; 13:3945-3955. [PMID: 33177845 PMCID: PMC7650195 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s269033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) has been increasing worldwide since the early 2000s. E. coli is found in 70–90% of community-acquired urinary tract infections (CA-UTIs). We performed a systematic literature review to determine the risk factors for CA-UTI caused by ESBL-EC. Methods We searched the MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Embase and Web of Science databases without language or date restriction up to March 2019. Two independent reviewers selected studies with quantified risk factors for CA-UTI due to ESBL-EC, and assessed their quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results Among the 5,597 studies identified, 16 observational studies (n=12,138 patients) met the eligibility criteria. The included studies were performed in various countries, and 14/16 were published after 2012. The most relevant risk factors for CA-UTI due to ESBL-EC identified were prior use of antibiotics (odds ratio (OR) from 2.2 to 21.4), previous hospitalization (OR: 1.7 to 3.9), and UTI history (OR: 1.3 to 3.8). Two risk factors were related to environmental contamination: travelling abroad, and swimming in freshwater. Conclusion Our findings could allow adapting empiric antibiotic treatments according to the patient profile. Further studies are needed to quantify the relationships between CA-UTI due to ESBL-EC and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Larramendy
- Department of General Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nantes, Nantes 44000, France
| | - Valentine Deglaire
- Department of General Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nantes, Nantes 44000, France
| | - Paul Dusollier
- Department of General Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nantes, Nantes 44000, France
| | - Jean-Pascal Fournier
- Department of General Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nantes, Nantes 44000, France
| | - Jocelyne Caillon
- IRS 2 Laboratoire de Thérapeutique Expérimentale et Clinique des Infections, EA3826, University of Nantes, Nantes 44400, France
| | | | - Leïla Moret
- Public Health Department, CHU Nantes, Saint-Jacques Hospital, Nantes 44093, France.,UMR 1246 INSERM SPHERE "MethodS in Patients-Centered Outcomes and HEalth ResEarch", University of Nantes and Tours, Nantes 44200, France
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Tsunoda A, Otsuka Y, Toguchi A, Watanabe K, Nishino R, Takahashi T. Survey on bacterial contamination of bidet toilets and relation to the interval of scrubbing these units. JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH 2019; 17:863-869. [PMID: 31850894 DOI: 10.2166/wh.2019.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
We conducted a survey to investigate the distribution of bacteria recovered from the bidet toilets at a district hospital. The nozzle surface and spray water of 192 bidet toilets were sampled for contamination. Of the 192 toilets sampled, the nozzle surface of 167 (87%) and the spray water of 181 (94%) were found to be contaminated by one or more of the following organisms: Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., non-glucose-fermenting rods, other Gram-negative bacteria, other Gram-positive bacteria, and Candida spp. An extended spectrum of β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli was found in one nozzle surface and one spray water. The frequency of colonization with 104 or more recovered from the nozzle surface was significantly greater in the toilets scrubbed every week than that in the units scrubbed every day, but that from the spray water was not significantly different between the groups. The nozzle surface and the spray water in the bidet toilets were contaminated with a wide range of bacteria. Because the interval of scrubbing the toilets did not have an influence on the contamination of the spray water, self-cleaning mechanisms of spray water should be developed to prevent patients' possible infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Tsunoda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kameda Medical Center, 929 Higashi-cho, Kamogawa, Chiba 296-8602, Japan E-mail:
| | - Yoshihito Otsuka
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kameda Medical Center, 929 Higashi-cho, Kamogawa, Chiba 296-8602, Japan
| | - Akihiro Toguchi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kameda Medical Center, 929 Higashi-cho, Kamogawa, Chiba 296-8602, Japan
| | - Kumiko Watanabe
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kameda Medical Center, 929 Higashi-cho, Kamogawa, Chiba 296-8602, Japan
| | - Ryou Nishino
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kameda Medical Center, 929 Higashi-cho, Kamogawa, Chiba 296-8602, Japan
| | - Tomoko Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kameda Medical Center, 929 Higashi-cho, Kamogawa, Chiba 296-8602, Japan E-mail:
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Onanuga A, Mahindroo J, Singh S, Taneja N. Phenotypic and molecular characterization of antimicrobial resistant Escherichia coli from urinary tract infections in Port-Harcourt, Nigeria. Pan Afr Med J 2019; 34:144. [PMID: 32010423 PMCID: PMC6969895 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2019.34.144.18182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Multidrug resistance among Escherichia coli causing Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) is a major public health problem, threatening the effective treatment of UTIs. This study investigated the phenotypic and molecular characteristics of E. coli associated with UTIs in Port-Harcourt, Nigeria. Methods Twenty-five non-duplicate isolates of E. coli from UTIs patients at the University of Port-Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Nigeria were identified using Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight (MALDI-TOF) Mass Spectrometry. The antimicrobial susceptibility patterns were determined using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique. Phenotypic expression of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases (ESBLs) and AmpC beta-lactamase were determined using standard laboratory methods and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect ESBLs, AmpC, Quinolones and Aminoglycosides resistance genes. Results The isolates exhibited high rates of resistance to co-trimoxazole (76%), nalidixic acid (68%), ciprofloxacin (60%), gentamicin (44%) and low resistance to cefotaxime (20%) but were fully susceptible to cefoperazone/sulbactam, amikacin, nitrofurantoin, colistin and carbapenems. Phenotypic expression of ESBLs was recorded in 6(24%) isolates while genotypic detection revealed the highest prevalence of blaTEM 22(88%), followed by blaCTX-M-15 16(64%), blaSHV 7(28%) and blaOXA-1 6(24%) while AmpC (blaCMY-2) gene was detected in 8(32%) isolates. Amongst the quinolone resistant isolates, qnr variants (qnrB, qnrD and qnrS) and aac(6')-Ib genes were detected in 7(28%) and 3(12%) isolates respectively while all gentamicin resistant isolates possessed the aacC2 gene. The co-expression of blaCTX-M-15 with quinolones and aminoglycoside genes were 20% and 40% respectively. The prevalence of multiple drug resistance was 52%. Conclusion A high proportion of the studied E. coli isolates co-expressed ESBLs, quinolones and aminoglycosides resistance genes which call for prompt antibiotic stewardship and preventive strategies to limit the spread of these genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adebola Onanuga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.,Department of Medical Microbiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Jaspreet Mahindroo
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Shreya Singh
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Neelam Taneja
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Antibacterial Effect of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Murraya koenigii (L.) against Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2019; 2019:4649506. [PMID: 31354799 PMCID: PMC6636582 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4649506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of multidrug resistance among pathogens has become a global problem for chemotherapy of bacterial infections. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase- (ESβL-) producing enteric bacteria and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are the two major groups of problematic MDR bacteria that have evolved rapidly in the recent past. In this study, the aqueous extract of Murraya koenigii leaves was used for synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The synthesized MK-AgNPs were characterized using UV-vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, SEM, and TEM, and their antibacterial potential was evaluated on multiple ESβL-producing enteric bacteria and MRSA. The nanoparticles were predominantly found to be spheroidal with particle size distribution in the range of 5-20 nm. There was 60.86% silver content in MK-AgNPs. Evaluation of antibacterial activity by the disc-diffusion assay revealed that MK-AgNPs effectively inhibited the growth of test pathogens with varying sized zones of inhibition. The MICs of MK-AgNPs against both MRSA and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) strains were 32 μg/ml, while for ESβL-producing E. coli, it ranged from 32 to 64 μg/ml. The control strain of E. coli (ECS) was relatively more sensitive with an MIC of 16 μg/ml. The MBCs were in accordance with the respective MICs. Analysis of growth kinetics revealed that the growth of all tested S. aureus strains was inhibited (∼90%) in presence of 32 μg/ml of MK-AgNPs. The sensitive strain of E. coli (ECS) showed least resistance to MK-AgNPs with >81% inhibition at 16 μg/ml. The present investigation revealed an encouraging result on in vitro efficacy of green synthesized MK-AgNPs and needed further in vivo assessment for its therapeutic efficacy against MDR bacteria.
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Goltsman G, Baumohl Y, Gal G, Buckman Z, Proshkin V, Lubart E. To check or not to check. Rectal ESBL colonization in hospitalized elderly patients. Am J Infect Control 2018; 46:1236-1239. [PMID: 29866634 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The worldwide spread of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria has affected health care. ESBL confers resistance to the majority of beta-lactam antibiotics. MATERIALS AND METHODS We intended to quantify the rates of rectal ESBL-positive and negative patients that eventually developed fever and urinary tract infection (UTI). All rectal ESBL-positive patients were to be initially treated with the conventional antibiotics that have anti-ESBL activity (amikacin or ertapenem), while ESBL-negative patients were given ceftriaxone. RESULTS Most patients were rectal ESBL-positive (60.7%). Fever was in 51% patients; 67.8% of them developed signs and symptoms of UTI. Most patients with UTI were urinary ESBL-positive (79%), most rectal ESBL-negative patients were urinary ESBL-negative (75%), (χ2 = 18.5, df = 1, P < .001). Overall mortality was higher in the febrile group (39, 34.8%) versus the afebrile (1, 0.9%) (χ2 = 42, df = 1, P < .001). The mortality rate in the febrile group was significantly higher in the rectal ESBL-positive patients (χ2 = 7.5, df = 1, P = .006). DISCUSSION The direct correlation of rectal ESBL-positive and negative and respectively urinary ESBL-positive and negative patients' advocate for the use of antibiotics with anti-ESBL activity as an empiric treatment of rectal ESBL-positive patients with suspected UTI. CONCLUSION In our opinion, it is worthwhile to identify rectal ESBL-positivity on hospital admission.
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Nikolić E, Brandmajer T, Bokan V, Ulyashova M, Rubtsova M. Prevalence of Escherichia coli Resistant to Beta-Lactam Antibiotics among Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Urinary Tract Infection. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2018; 244:271-277. [PMID: 29618675 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.244.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Urinary tract infection (UTI), which is typically caused by Escherichia coli (E. coli), is an insufficiently recognized co-morbidity among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Adequate treatment can be complicated by resistance of the causative pathogen to beta-lactam antibiotics, which often produce beta-lactamase enzymes that destroy the antibiotic. The beta-lactamase family of enzymes is extremely diverse, including different types of enzyme and mutant forms. In this study, we analyzed 580 patients with COPD (236 females and 344 males) and thus found 218 patients with co-morbid UTIs, including 58 patients with UTI caused by E. coli (38 females and 20 males). We also investigated cases of uncomplicated symptomatic and asymptomatic UTI caused by E. coli and the presence of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics among those patients. The E. coli strains resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics were selected for their ability to grow on selective media, before DNA microarrays were applied for specific identification of three beta-lactamase gene types (i.e., TEM, SHV and CTX-M). Overall, 83% of E. coli strains responsible for UTIs in COPD patients carried extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes. The most prevalent were those producing CTX-M, with CTX-M-15 being predominant. The rare CTX-M-27 and TEM-15 genes were also detected in two samples. Three samples contained several extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes simultaneously (CTX-M-15 or CTX-M-14 plus SHV-5 or TEM-15). This high prevalence of resistant E. coli strains necessitates rational antibiotic selection when treating UTI to prevent COPD exacerbations. Additionally, antibiotic therapy should be aligned with and adapted to existing and potential COPD co-morbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Maya Rubtsova
- Chemistry Faculty, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University
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Lee DS, Lee SJ, Choe HS. Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infection by Escherichia coli in the Era of Antibiotic Resistance. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:7656752. [PMID: 30356438 PMCID: PMC6178185 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7656752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by Escherichia coli (E. coli) are the most common types of infections in women. The antibiotic resistance of E. coli is increasing rapidly, causing physicians to hesitate when selecting oral antibiotics. In this review, our objective is to ensure that clinicians understand the current seriousness of antibiotic-resistant E. coli, the mechanisms by which resistance is selected for, and methods that can be used to prevent antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Sup Lee
- Department of Urology, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ju Lee
- Department of Urology, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Sop Choe
- Department of Urology, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
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Comparative characteristic of antimicrobial resistance in geriatric hospital: a retrospective cohort study. Aging Clin Exp Res 2018; 30:839-843. [PMID: 29032522 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-017-0841-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS To examine antimicrobial resistance of commonly isolated pathogens in elderly hospitalized patients. METHODS Data regarding all clinically significant isolates from blood and urine cultures of patients admitted to a multilevel geriatric hospital during March 2015 to April 2016 were collected. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed according to Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines. RESULTS Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the most common isolates, with proportions of extended spectrum beta-lactamase positivity of 60, 40, and 61% respectively. Adjusted logistic regression models indicated that resistance of Escherichia coli to ceftriaxone [odds ratio (OR) 2.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.5-5.1], ceftazidime (OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.5-5.1), ciprofloxacin (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.2-4.0), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.2-4.3), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.4-4.3) was significantly higher in skilled nursing wards than in acute geriatric wards. Resistance of Proteus mirabilis to ceftriaxone (OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.5-6.4) and Klebsiella pneumoniae to ciprofloxacin (OR 3.2, 95% CI 1.3-7.9) was significantly higher in skilled nursing wards than in acute wards. CONCLUSIONS AND DISCUSSION Antimicrobial resistance was found to be high in a multilevel geriatric hospital, especially in skilled nursing wards. These findings call for rethinking of the empirical antimicrobial therapy and of the efforts for prevention of nosocomial infection.
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McLeod A, Hovde Liland K, Haugen J, Sørheim O, Myhrer KS, Holck AL. Chicken fillets subjected to UV-C and pulsed UV light: Reduction of pathogenic and spoilage bacteria, and changes in sensory quality. J Food Saf 2018; 38:e12421. [PMID: 30122794 PMCID: PMC6084340 DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We have compared the efficacy of continuous ultraviolet (UV-C) (254 nm) and pulsed UV light in reducing the viability of Salmonella Enteritidis, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas spp., Brochothrix thermospacta, Carnobacterium divergens, and extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing E. coli inoculated on chicken fillet surface. Fluences from 0.05 to 3.0 J/cm2 (10 mW/cm2, from 5 to 300 s) used for UV-C light resulted in average reductions from 1.1 to 2.8 log cfu/cm2. For pulsed UV light, fluences from 1.25 to 18.0 J/cm2 gave average reductions from 0.9 to 3.0 log cfu/cm2. A small change in the odor characterized as sunburnt and increased concentration of volatile compounds associated with burnt odor posed restrictions on the upper limit of UV treatment, however no sensory changes were observed after cooking the meat. Treatments under modified atmosphere conditions using a UV permeable top film gave similar or slightly lower bacterial reductions. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Ultraviolet (UV) light may be used for decontaminating the surface of food products and reduce viability of pathogenic and spoilage bacteria. Exposure of raw chicken fillet surface to various doses of continuous UV-C or pulsed UV light proposed in the present work represent alternatives for microbiological improvement of this product. Chicken fillets can be treated in intact packages covered with UV permeable top film, thus avoiding recontamination of the meat. UV-C light treatment is a low cost strategy with low maintenance, whereas pulsed UV light involves more elaborate equipment, but treatment times are short and less space is required. Both methods can be helpful for producers to manage the safety and quality of chicken fillets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anette McLeod
- Nofima, Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture ResearchÅsNorway
| | | | - John‐Erik Haugen
- Nofima, Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture ResearchÅsNorway
| | - Oddvin Sørheim
- Nofima, Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture ResearchÅsNorway
| | - Kristine S. Myhrer
- Nofima, Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture ResearchÅsNorway
| | - Askild L. Holck
- Nofima, Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture ResearchÅsNorway
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Prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli in community-onset urinary tract infections in France in 2013. J Infect 2016; 72:201-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2015.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Cantas L, Suer K, Guler E, Imir T. High Emergence of ESBL-Producing E. coli Cystitis: Time to Get Smarter in Cyprus. Front Microbiol 2016; 6:1446. [PMID: 26793167 PMCID: PMC4710751 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Widespread prevalence of extended-spectrum βeta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-producing E. coli) limits the infection therapeutic options and is a growing global health problem. In this study our aim was to investigate the antimicrobial resistance profile of the E. coli in hospitalized and out-patients in Cyprus. Results: During the period 2010–2014, 389 strains of E. coli were isolated from urine samples of hospitalized and out-patients in Cyprus. ESBL-producing E. coli, was observed in 53% of hospitalized and 44% in out-patients, latest one being in 2014. All ESBL-producing E. coli remained susceptible to amikacin, carbapenems except ertapenem (in-patients = 6%, out-patients = 11%). Conclusion: High emerging ESBL-producing E. coli from urine samples in hospitalized and out-patients is an extremely worrisome sign of development of untreatable infections in the near future on the island. We therefore emphasize the immediate need for establishment of optimal therapy guidelines based on the country specific surveillance programs. The need for new treatment strategies, urgent prescription habit changes and ban of over-the-counter sale of antimicrobials at each segment of healthcare services is also discussed in this research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon Cantas
- MicroLabHammerfest, Norway; Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Near East UniversityNicosia, Cyprus
| | - Kaya Suer
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Emrah Guler
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Turgut Imir
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University Nicosia, Cyprus
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Loureiro RJ, Roque F, Teixeira Rodrigues A, Herdeiro MT, Ramalheira E. O uso de antibióticos e as resistências bacterianas: breves notas sobre a sua evolução. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rpsp.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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6,6″-Dimethyl-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine revisited: New fluorescent silver(I) helicates with in vitro antiproliferative activity via selective nucleoli targeting. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 86:456-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Picozzi SCM, Casellato S, Rossini M, Paola G, Tejada M, Costa E, Carmignani L. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-positive Escherichia coli causing complicated upper urinary tract infection: Urologist should act in time. Urol Ann 2014; 6:107-12. [PMID: 24833818 PMCID: PMC4021646 DOI: 10.4103/0974-7796.130536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2012] [Accepted: 02/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recently, many articles reported increased incidence of urinary tract infection (UTI) due to Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli. No data are available to date regarding patients presenting with complicated upper ESBL-positive E. coli UTI and sepsis. We report the clinical presentation, management, and outcomes in seven cases. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective study was carried out between January 2008 and September 2011. Follow-ups varied in patients according to their disease presentation and clinical outcomes. All strains were cultured and identified by the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory and were recovered from blood and urine cultures. In-vitro presence of ESBL was confirmed with Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute double disc method. RESULTS In the study period, 49 patients needed hospitalization for upper UTI. Overall, in 25 patients (51%), cultures were negative. In the remaining, seven patients (14.3%) presented positive blood and urine-culture for ESBL + E. coli. Of these, four were female and three were male. Their median age was 73 years (range 66-84). The median hospital stay of these patients was 23 days (range 13 to 45 days). CONCLUSIONS The current situation of multiple bacterial antibiotic resistance has become a worrisome issue in UTI. Multi-drug-resistant E. coli can be readily encountered in hospital settings during daily clinical practice, and urologist should act timely. The management of such infections is extremely important for the future, with particular reference to prevention of new antibiotic resistance patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano C. M. Picozzi
- Department of Urology, Service Section of Microbiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, University of Milan, Via Morandi 30, 20097-San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Casellato
- Department of Urology, Service Section of Microbiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, University of Milan, Via Morandi 30, 20097-San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - Mattia Rossini
- Department of Urology, Service Section of Microbiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, University of Milan, Via Morandi 30, 20097-San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - Gaia Paola
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Service - Section of Microbiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, University of Milan, Via Morandi 30, 20097-San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - Milvana Tejada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Service - Section of Microbiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, University of Milan, Via Morandi 30, 20097-San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Costa
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Service - Section of Microbiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, University of Milan, Via Morandi 30, 20097-San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Carmignani
- Department of Urology, Service Section of Microbiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, University of Milan, Via Morandi 30, 20097-San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
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