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A Review of the Potential Benefits of Plants Producing Berries in Skin Disorders. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9060542. [PMID: 32575730 PMCID: PMC7346205 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9060542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last 30 years, berries have gained great attention as functional food against several risk factors in chronic diseases. The number of related publications on Pubmed rose from 1000 items in 1990 to more than 11,000 in 2019. Despite the fact that a common and clear definition of "berries" is not shared among different scientific areas, the phytochemical pattern of these fruits is mainly characterized by anthocyanins, flavanols, flavonols, and tannins, which showed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in humans. Skin insults, like wounds, UV rays, and excessive inflammatory responses, may lead to chronic dermatological disorders, conditions often characterized by long-term treatments. The application of berries for skin protection is sustained by long traditional use, but many observations still require a clear pharmacological validation. This review summarizes the scientific evidence, published on EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Scholar, to identify extraction methods, way of administration, dose, and mechanism of action of berries for potential dermatological treatments. Promising in vitro and in vivo evidence of Punica granatum L. and Vitis vinifera L. supports wound healing and photoprotection, while Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. and Vaccinium spp. showed clear immunomodulatory effects. Oral or topical administrations of these berries justify the evaluation of new translational studies to validate their efficacy in humans.
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Skarupova D, Vostalova J, Rajnochova Svobodova A. Ultraviolet A protective potential of plant extracts and phytochemicals. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2020; 164:1-22. [PMID: 32188958 DOI: 10.5507/bp.2020.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure to solar radiation is related to an increased incidence of various skin disorders, including premature skin aging and melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. Ultraviolet (UV) photons in particular are responsible for skin damage. Solar UV photons mainly belong to UVA wavebands, however UVA radiation has been mostly ignored for a long time. At the cellular level, UVA photons mainly provoke indirect oxidative damage to biomolecules via the massive generation of unstable and highly reactive compounds. Human skin has several effective mechanisms that forestall, repair and eliminate damage caused by solar radiation. Regardless, some damage persists and can accumulate with chronic exposure. Therefore, conscious protection against solar radiation (UVB+UVA) is necessary. Besides traditional types of photoprotection such as sunscreen use, new strategies are being searched for and developed. One very popular protective strategy is the application of phytochemicals as active ingredients of photoprotection preparations instead of synthetic chemicals. Phytochemicals usually possess additional biological activities besides absorbing the energy of photons, and those properties (e.g. antioxidant, anti-inflammatory) magnify the protective potential of phytochemicals and extracts. Therefore, compounds of natural origin are in the interest of researchers as well as developers. In this review, only studies on UVA protection with well-documented experimental conditions are summarized. This article includes 17 well standardized plant extracts (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze, Silybum marianum L. Gaertn., Punica granatum L., Polypodium aureum L., Vaccinium myrtillus L., Lonicera caerulea L., Thymus vulgaris L., Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill., Morinda citrifolia L., Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f., Oenothera paradoxa Hudziok, Galinsoga parviflora Cav., Galinsoga quadriradiata Ruiz et Pavón, Hippophae rhamnoides L., Cola acuminata Schott & Endl., Theobroma cacao L. and Amaranthus cruentus L.) and 26 phytochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisa Skarupova
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Hnevotinska 3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Vostalova
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Hnevotinska 3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Rajnochova Svobodova
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Hnevotinska 3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Effect of Dangguibohyul-Tang, a Mixed Extract of Astragalus membranaceus and Angelica sinensis, on Allergic and Inflammatory Skin Reaction Compared with Single Extracts of Astragalus membranaceus or Angelica sinensis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:5936354. [PMID: 27051450 PMCID: PMC4802015 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5936354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Dangguibohyul-tang (DBT), herbal formula composed of Astragalus membranaceus (AM) and Angelica sinensis (AS) at a ratio of 5 : 1, has been used for the treatment of various skin diseases in traditional medicine. We investigated the effect of DBT on allergic and inflammatory skin reaction in atopic dermatitis-like model compared to the single extract of AM or AS. DBT treatment showed the remission of clinical symptoms, including decreased skin thickness and scratching behavior, the total serum IgE level, and the number of mast cells compared to DNCB group as well as the single extract of AM- or AS-treated group. Levels of cytokines (IL-4, IL-6, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-1β) and inflammatory mediators (NF-κB, phospho-IκBα, and phospho-MAPKs) were significantly decreased in AM, AS, and DBT groups. These results demonstrated that AM, AS, and DBT may have the therapeutic property on atopic dermatitis by inhibition of allergic and inflammatory mediators and DBT formula; a mixed extract of AM and AS based on the herb pairs theory especially might be more effective on antiallergic reaction as compared with the single extract of AM or AS.
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Choi YY, Kim MH, Lee JY, Hong J, Kim SH, Yang WM. Topical application of Kochia scoparia inhibits the development of contact dermatitis in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 154:380-385. [PMID: 24751363 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Kochia scoparia (Chenopodiaceae) has been reported to have anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, and anti-pruritic actions. This study investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of externally applied Kochia scoparia water extract (KSW) in 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced contact dermatitis mouse model. MATERIALS AND METHODS To develop atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions, 100μL of 1% DNCB in acetone/olive oil (4:1) had been applied for three days on shaved dorsal skin. 1% KSW was topically applied to DNCB-induced mice. After KSW treatment, histological analysis was measured by hematoxylin eosin staining. The cytokine and pro-inflammatory expressions were examined using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blotting analysis. RESULTS Histological studies showed that hyperplasia of the epidermis and dermis in the KSW treated group was markedly decreased as compared with the DNCB group. The expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine such as IL-1β, and TNF-α mRNA were significantly reduced by topical application of KSW, whereas these cytokines were increased in DNCB-induced dorsal skin. In addition, NF-κB expression was inhibited by KSW treatment in DNCB-induced mice. Similarly, KSW treatment significantly suppressed the expression of several MAP kinases, including ERK1/2, p38, and JNK compared to their expression in DNCB-induced mice. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicated that KSW ameliorates contact dermatitis via inhibition of the production of several inflammatory mediators. Therefore, external application of KSW may be used for the treatment of contact dermatitis as an alternative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Yeon Choi
- College of Korean Medicine and Institute of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, South Korea
| | - Mi Hye Kim
- College of Korean Medicine and Institute of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, South Korea
| | - Ji Ye Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongki Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- Cancer Preventive Material Development Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woong Mo Yang
- College of Korean Medicine and Institute of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, South Korea.
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Luo H, Lv XD, Wang GE, Li YF, Kurihara H, He RR. Anti-inflammatory effects of anthocyanins-rich extract from bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillusL.) on croton oil-induced ear edema andPropionibacterium acnesplus LPS-induced liver damage in mice. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2014; 65:594-601. [DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2014.886184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Protective effect of Vaccinium myrtillus extract against UVA- and UVB-induced damage in a human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT cells). JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2014; 132:27-35. [PMID: 24577051 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2014.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Revised: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Recently, the field of skin protection have shown a considerable interest in the use of botanicals. Vaccinium myrtillus contains several polyphenols and anthocyanins with multiple pharmacological properties. The purpose of our study was to examine whether a water-soluble V. myrtillus extract (dry matter 12.4%; total polyphenols 339.3mg/100 g fw; total anthocyanins 297.4 mg/100 g fw) was able to reduce UVA- and UVB-induced damage using a human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT). HaCaT cells were pretreated for 1h with extract in a serum-free medium and then irradiated with UVA (8-40 J/cm(2)) and UVB (0.008-0.72 J/cm(2)) rays. All experiments were performed 24h after the end of irradiation, except for oxidative stress tests. The extract was able to reduce the UVB-induced cytotoxicity and genotoxicity (studied by comet and micronucleous assays) at lower doses. V. myrtillus extract reduced lipid peroxidation UVB-induced, but had no effect against the ROS UVB-produced. With UVA-induced damage V. myrtillus reduced genotoxicity as well as the unbalance of redox intracellular status. Moreover our extract reduced the UVA-induced apoptosis, but had no effect against the UVB one. V. myrtillus extract showed its free radical scavenging properties reducing oxidative stress and apoptotic markers, especially in UVA-irradiated cells.
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Vogl S, Picker P, Mihaly-Bison J, Fakhrudin N, Atanasov AG, Heiss EH, Wawrosch C, Reznicek G, Dirsch VM, Saukel J, Kopp B. Ethnopharmacological in vitro studies on Austria's folk medicine--an unexplored lore in vitro anti-inflammatory activities of 71 Austrian traditional herbal drugs. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 149:750-71. [PMID: 23770053 PMCID: PMC3791396 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Revised: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In Austria, like in most Western countries, knowledge about traditional medicinal plants is becoming scarce. Searching the literature concerning Austria's ethnomedicine reveals its scant scientific exploration. Aiming to substantiate the potential of medicinal plants traditionally used in Austria, 63 plant species or genera with claimed anti-inflammatory properties listed in the VOLKSMED database were assessed for their in vitro anti-inflammatory activity. MATERIAL AND METHODS 71 herbal drugs from 63 plant species or genera were extracted using solvents of varying polarities and subsequently depleted from the bulk constituents, chlorophylls and tannins to avoid possible interferences with the assays. The obtained 257 extracts were assessed for their in vitro anti-inflammatory activity. The expression of the inflammatory mediators E-selectin and interleukin-8 (IL-8), induced by the inflammatory stimuli tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and the bacterial product lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was measured in endothelial cells. The potential of the extracts to activate the nuclear factors PPARα and PPARγ and to inhibit TNF-α-induced activation of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) in HEK293 cells was determined by luciferase reporter gene assays. RESULTS In total, extracts from 67 of the 71 assessed herbal drugs revealed anti-inflammatory activity in the applied in vitro test systems. Thereby, 30 could downregulate E-selectin or IL-8 gene expression, 28 were strong activators of PPARα or PPARγ (inducing activation of more than 2-fold at a concentration of 10µg/mL) and 21 evoked a strong inhibition of NF-κB (inhibition of more than 80% at 10µg/mL). CONCLUSION Our research supports the efficacy of herbal drugs reported in Austrian folk medicine used for ailments associated with inflammatory processes. Hence, an ethnopharmacological screening approach is a useful tool for the discovery of new drug leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Vogl
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Paolo Picker
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Judit Mihaly-Bison
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstrasse 17, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nanang Fakhrudin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Atanas G. Atanasov
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Elke H. Heiss
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Wawrosch
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gottfried Reznicek
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Verena M. Dirsch
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Saukel
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +43 1 4277 55273; fax: +43 1 4277 9552.
| | - Brigitte Kopp
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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Yamamoto M, Yamaura K, Ishiwatari M, Ueno K. Difficulty for consumers in choosing commercial bilberry supplements by relying only on product label information. Pharmacognosy Res 2013; 5:212-5. [PMID: 23901216 PMCID: PMC3719265 DOI: 10.4103/0974-8490.112432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2012] [Revised: 12/25/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Various kinds of bilberry supplements have recently become available on the market. However, it is doubtful whether consumers receive accurate information to be able to compare different supplements. Objective: We aimed to investigate whether consumers can obtain the expected benefits by relying only on the information printed on the product labels of commercial bilberry supplements. Materials and Methods: The quality of 20 supplements was investigated by the spectrophotometric method and ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC). Each peak was identified by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry and quantified using an external standard. The percentage of the actual measured value relative to the indicated value on the product label was determined using the spectrophotometric method. The daily dosage was calculated from the total amount of anthocyanins quantified by UHPLC and information on the product label. Results: In 14 of 20 supplements, the total anthocyanin content expressed as delphinidin equivalents was within 20% of the labeled value. However, the extent of degradation could not be determined by the spectrophotometric method. In fresh bilberry fruit, anthocyanidins were barely detected. In 8 of 20 supplements, the anthocyanidin content was >1.0%. The daily dosage of anthocyanins varied by about 66-fold among supplements, and the dosage of 6 supplements was less than the recommended level in Japan. Conclusions: Consumers cannot always obtain the expected benefits by relying only on product label information. Therefore, new rules concerning product label information are required to make it possible for consumers to take the equivalent amounts of anthocyanins for whichever bilberry supplement they choose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masao Yamamoto
- Department of Geriatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan ; Pharmaceuticals Department, Environmental Technical Laboratory Ltd., 2-11-17 Kouhoku, Adachi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Yamamoto M, Yamaura K, Ishiwatari M, Shimada M, Kado S, Seki H, Shimada N, Ueno K. Degradation Index for Quality Evaluation of Commercial Dietary Supplements of Bilberry Extract. J Food Sci 2013; 78:S477-83. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Accepted: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Katsunori Yamaura
- Dept. of Geriatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba Univ.; 1-8-1 Inohana; Chuo-ku; Chiba; 260-8675; Japan
| | - Makiko Ishiwatari
- Dept. of Geriatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba Univ.; 1-8-1 Inohana; Chuo-ku; Chiba; 260-8675; Japan
| | - Maki Shimada
- Dept. of Geriatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba Univ.; 1-8-1 Inohana; Chuo-ku; Chiba; 260-8675; Japan
| | - Sayaka Kado
- Chemical Analysis Center, Chiba Univ.; 1-33 Yayoi-cho; Inage-ku; Chiba; 263-8522; Japan
| | - Hiroko Seki
- Chemical Analysis Center, Chiba Univ.; 1-33 Yayoi-cho; Inage-ku; Chiba; 263-8522; Japan
| | - Norimoto Shimada
- R&D Dept., Tokiwa Phytochemical Co. Ltd.; 158 Kinoko; Sakura; Chiba; 285-0801; Japan
| | - Koichi Ueno
- Dept. of Geriatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba Univ.; 1-8-1 Inohana; Chuo-ku; Chiba; 260-8675; Japan
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Yamaura K, Ishiwatari M, Yamamoto M, Shimada M, Bi Y, Ueno K. Anthocyanins, but not Anthocyanidins, from Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillusL.) Alleviate Pruritus via Inhibition of Mast Cell Degranulation. J Food Sci 2012; 77:H262-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2012.02974.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Nishiumi S, Mukai R, Ichiyanagi T, Ashida H. Suppression of lipopolysaccharide and galactosamine-induced hepatic inflammation by red grape pomace. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:9315-9320. [PMID: 22928618 DOI: 10.1021/jf302298n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Grape pomace is generated in the production process of wine and grape juices and is an industrial waste. This study investigated whether an intake of grape pomace was able to suppress chronic inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and galactosamine (GalN) in vivo. When Sprague-Dawley rats were orally given methanolic extracts from red and white grape pomace, the extracts inhibited the LPS/GalN-evoked activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) dose-dependently, and red grape pomace exerted a stronger effect than white grape one. Next, rats were fed an AIN93 M-based diet containing 5% red grape pomace for 7 days, followed by the intraperitoneal injection of LPS and GalN. The intake of the red grape pomace-supplemented diet was found to suppress the LPS/GalN-induced activation of NF-κB and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 proteins. These results suggest that red grape pomace may contain an abundance of effective compound(s) for anti-inflammatory action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Nishiumi
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
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