A regeneration-based, nonobturation root-canal treatment for fully-mature teeth: Six years' experience with "SealBio"

Beyond Tradition: Non-surgical Endodontics and Vital Pulp Therapy as a Dynamic Combination

Symptomatic irreversible pulpitis and apical periodontitis in mature permanent teeth present challenges in their management. Traditional treatment approaches, such as root canal therapy or tooth extraction, may compromise tooth structure and oral function. This review article explores the combination of non-surgical endodontic treatment and vital pulp therapy as an alternative approach for these conditions. The purpose is to examine this combined approach's effectiveness, benefits, challenges, and limitations. The objectives include reviewing the literature, evaluating clinical outcomes, discussing potential benefits, and providing recommendations for clinical practice. The combination approach aims to preserve tooth structure, promote healing, and reduce postoperative complications. The article discusses the rationale for combining the two techniques, presents evidence supporting their efficacy, and outlines the techniques and protocols involved. Clinical outcomes, case studies, potential challenges, and comparative analysis with traditional approaches are also explored. Future directions and research recommendations highlight areas for further investigation, innovations, and the development of clinical guidelines. In conclusion, the combination of non-surgical endodontic treatment and vital pulp therapy offers a valuable strategy for managing mature permanent mandibular molars with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis and apical periodontitis. Further research and advancements are needed to refine the treatment protocol and expand the evidence base, and clinicians should stay updated to provide optimal care and improve patient outcomes.

Healing of Large Endodontic Lesions Using Long-Term Application of a New Combination of Triple Antibiotics: A Series of Cases

Apical periodontitis (AP) is defined as an inflammatory and destructive reaction of periapical tissues and a consequence of bacterial invasion to the dental pulp and root canal system. To avoid possible complications and undesirable repercussions of the surgical treatment of large AP, more conservative non-surgical approaches are endorsed. In the presented hopeless cases, a newly introduced modified combination of triple antibiotics, that is Penicillin G, metronidazole, and ciprofloxacin (PMC), was used as a long-term intracanal medication in the non-surgical endodontic retreatments of large AP. In the course of 10-month to 3-year follow-up, the large periapical lesions completely disappeared, and thorough bone healing was evident. Additionally, complete functionality of the involved teeth as well as other favourable treatment outcomes of the addressed cases showed that the long-term use of PMC, as a modified combination of antibiotics, in non-surgical endodontic retreatments may successfully resolve large AP. However, further investigations and well-designed controlled clinical trials are recommended.

A 1-year Clinical and Radiographic Assessment of Regenerative Endodontic Therapy for Necrotic Primary Molars: A Randomized controlled Trial

Background

Preservation of necrotic primary teeth is important. Pulpectomy is the gold standard treatment in this situation. Reinfection is the main cause of failure in pulpectomy. The application of regenerative endodontic therapy in mature teeth has the rationale of restoring dental-pulp-like tissue and preventing reinfection.

Aims and objectives

The current study was designed to clinically and radiographically assess regenerative endodontics therapy in necrotic primary molars in comparison to zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) pulpectomy.

Materials and methods

A double-blinded randomized controlled trial with three parallel arms and a 1:1:1 allocation ratio was conducted. A total of 54 necrotic primary molars in 39 healthy children aged 4-7 years old were randomly allocated as follows group I-control group, in which ZOE pulpectomy was performed. Group II and III-experimental groups, in which regenerative endodontic therapy (RET) was performed. Modified triple antibiotic paste (mTAP) and Metapex™ were used as intracanal medicaments in groups II and III, respectively. Clinical and radiographic assessments were recorded at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests were used to compare the qualitative data, while Friedman's test was used to study the changes by time within each group.

Results

Nonstatistically significant differences were reported between the three groups at the 6 and 12 months follow-ups regarding the clinical or radiographic assessment (p-value = 0.327 and effect size = 0.22), (p-value = 0.055 and effect size = 0.118), respectively.

Conclusion

Regenerative endodontic therapy (RET) yielded comparable results to pulpectomy. However, the use of 5 mg/mL mTAP in RET represented the highest level of clinical as well as radiographic insignificant failure.

Clinical significance

Regenerative endodontic therapy (RET) provides an acceptable biological alternative to pulpectomy.

Trial registration

The protocol was registered at ClinicalTrial.gov with the registration number (NCT04190914). 12/5/2019.

How to cite this article

Abdelmoneim DD, Abdelaziz AM, Allam GG, et al. A 1-year Clinical and Radiographic Assessment of Regenerative Endodontic Therapy for Necrotic Primary Molars: A Randomized controlled Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(2):295-301.

Healing of large endodontic lesions using a new combination of triple antibiotics: A case report

In the case report presented, three cases of large endodontic lesions, which were the consequences of endodontic treatment failure, were studied. In all cases, a novel combination of triple antibiotics was used to successfully manage and heal the lesions, showing the promising potential of the antibiotic combination in resolving pathosis.

Prognosis of Regenerative Endodontic Procedures in Mature Teeth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical and Radiographic Parameters

This work aimed to investigate the use of Regenerative Endodontic Procedures (REP) on the treatment of pulp necrosis in mature teeth through systematic review and meta-analysis of evidence on clinical and radiographic parameters before and after REP. A search was performed in different databases on 9 September 2020, including seven clinical studies and randomized controlled trials (RCT). The methodological quality was assessed using Revised Cochrane risk-of-bias (RoB 2) and Before-and-After tools. Meta-analyses were performed to evaluate the success incidences regarding the reduction of periapical lesion and recovery of sensitivity. The certainty of the evidence was assessed using GRADE. Meta-analysis showed a high overall success of 0.95 (0.92, 0.98) I² = 6%, with high periapical lesion reduction at 12 months (0.93 (0.86, 0.96) I² = 37%) and by the end of follow-up (0.91 (0.83, 0.96) I² = 13%). Lower incidences of positive sensitivity response were identified for the electrical (0.58 (0.46, 0.70) I² = 51%) and cold tests (0.70 (0.54, 0.84) I² = 68%). The calculated levels of REP success were similar to those reported for immature teeth. With a very low certainty of evidence, the meta-analysis showed a high incidence of REP’s success for mature teeth with necrotic pulp evidenced by periapical lesion reduction and moderate positive responses to sensitivity tests.

India's contribution to regenerative endodontics: A bibliometric analysis

Regenerative endodontics (RE) is a dynamic field with widespread global impact. The aim of this bibliometric analysis is to highlight India's contribution in the field. Electronic search was performed in PubMed and Web of Science database till December 2019 using the search terms “Dental pulp regeneration,” “Pulp revascularisation,” “Revitalisation,” “Regenerative endodontic,” and their permutation. Articles of Indian authors with affiliation to Indian institutes were included. The following data were extracted: first author, institute and state of affiliation, year and journal of publication, study design, level of evidence (LOE), and number of citations. A total of 76 articles (case reports [n = 29, 38.15%], review [n = 25, 32.8%]) were published between 2008 and 2019. Majority (42.6%) were categorized as LOE 4. 7.4% articles were in LOE1 category. Eight percent articles had citations above 100 (highest cited-354 citations). The average yearly growth rate between 2011 and 2019 was 33.28% and highest number of publications was in the year 2015. The south zone had the maximum publications. At an institutional level, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, had the maximum publications. Journal of Conservative Dentistry published the highest number of articles. India contributed 7.6% of the global PubMed indexed publications and reported 22% of clinical trials. This analysis reveals increasing trend of research in RE in India. However, it highlights the need to generate articles with higher LOE by conducting quality multicenter trials and promote national and international collaborations.

Treatment outcome of regenerative endodontic procedures in mature permanent teeth compared to nonsurgical endodontic treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:

Regenerative endodontic procedures (REP) have the advantage of restoring root canal's native defense ability by re-establishing vital pulp-like tissue. This review aims to determine the overall clinical and/or radiographic success rate (O) of REP (I) in mature permanent teeth (P) and to compare it (C) with nonsurgical endodontic treatment (NSET).

Materials and Methods:

Sources: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, EBSCO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled trials, ClinicalTrials.gov, Clinical Trials Registry-India and OpenGrey. Inclusion: Randomized clinical trials and single-arm prospective studies evaluating the treatment outcomes of REP in mature permanent teeth. Exclusion: Incomplete trials/studies, in vitro studies, animal studies, case reports/series, conference proceedings. Cochrane ROB2.0 and ROBINS-I tools were used to assess the risk of bias. Risk difference (R.D.) between NSET and REP was determined by meta-analysis of the randomized clinical trials. The overall success rate of REP was calculated using data from both randomized clinical trials and single-arm prospective studies. Sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis were performed.

Results:

Ten studies (n = 552) were included. R.D between REP and NSET was 0.032 (95% C.I: 0.023–0.087; P = 0.258). Overall success rate of REP was 96.0% (95% confidence interval: 94%–98%). No significant difference was found in sensitivity analysis (P = 0.551), or any of the subgroup analysis (P > 0.05).

Discussion:

A limited number of randomized clinical trials were available, and only two of them had a low risk of bias. Consistent results were obtained in both types of included studies.

Conclusion:

Based on a limited number of comparative studies, REP has a similar success rate to NSET in mature permanent teeth.

Other:

Funding: Nil. Registration: PROSPERO (CRD42020204882).

A Regenerative Approach for Root Canal Treatment of Mature Permanent Teeth: Comparative Evaluation with 18 Months Follow-up

Aim

SealBio is a novel technique which stimulates the periradicular cells to deposit a biological barrier at the root apex by inducing healing and regeneration. This clinical trial was undertaken to compare the outcome of teeth treated with the SealBio and the obturation technique.

Materials and methods

Thirty patients met the inclusion criteria and consented to participate in the study. Patients were randomly assigned to the SealBio and the obturation group. The time taken for both the techniques and periapical healing was evaluated. The patients of both the groups were evaluated at 6, 12, and 18 months follow up. The periapical index (PAI) was the primary outcome measure to check the apical bone density and healing. The secondary outcome measure was the presence/absence of signs and symptoms. The final outcome measure was the sum of the primary and secondary outcome measures.

Results and conclusion

The time taken to perform endodontic treatment with the SealBio technique was significantly lesser than that of obturation. Both groups showed equally favorable outcomes at the end of 18 months without any statistically significant differences.

Clinical significance

The results of the present study have demonstrated that SealBio technique gives similar results as that of conventional gutta-percha obturation. The shortcomings of obturation such as difficulty in obtaining a fluid-tight seal and difficulty in obturating tortuous canals can be overcome by the SealBio method. The SealBio method is cost effective, less technique sensitive, and takes lesser chair time.

How to cite this article

Jha P, Virdi MS, et al. A Regenerative Approach for Root Canal Treatment of Mature Permanent Teeth: Comparative Evaluation with 18 Months Follow-up. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2019;12(3):182–188.

Triple antibiotic paste: momentous roles and applications in endodontics: a review

This study investigated the latest findings and notions regarding ‘triple antibiotic paste’ (TAP) and its applications in dentistry, particularly endodontics. TAP is a combination of 3 antibiotics, ciprofloxacin, metronidazole, and minocycline. Despite the problems and pitfalls research pertaining to this paste has unveiled, it has been vastly used in endodontic treatments. The paste's applications vary, from vital pulp therapy to the recently introduced regeneration and revascularisation protocol. Studies have shown that the paste can eliminate the root canal microorganisms and prepare an appropriate matrix for further treatments. This combination is able to remove diverse groups of obligate and facultative gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, providing an environment for healing. In regeneration protocol cases, this allows the development, disinfection, and possible sterilization of the root canal system, so that new tissue can infiltrate and grow into the radicular area. Moreover, TAP is capable of creating a discipline in which other wanted and needed treatments can be successfully performed. In conclusion, TAP, as an antibacterial intracanal medication, has diverse uses. Nevertheless, despite its positive effects, the paste has shown drawbacks. Further research concerning the combined paste and other intracanal medications to control microbiota is a must.

A Novel Conservative Approach Combining "SealBio" and "Surgical Fenestration" for Healing of Large Periapical Cystic Lesions of Endodontic Origin: A Pilot Study

OBJECTIVES

To evaluate the treatment outcome of large periapical cystic lesions treated by combining two novel, conservative approaches, "SealBio" and "Surgical Fenestration".

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Five cases (4M:1F, age range 14-38 years, mean age 24.5 years) of large periapical cystic lesions, diagnosed on clinical and radiographic examination, were included in the study. After informed consent, endodontic treatment was initiated; chemo-mechanical preparation and intra-canal dressing of calcium hydroxide was given. At the next sitting after one week, further disinfection root canals was done by "apical clearing", "apical foramen widening" and irrigation. A cotton pellet was kept in the access cavity. After local anaesthesia, full thickness muco-periosteal flap was reflected and the thinned out bone was removed with bone rongers, a small piece of cystic lining was excised and the cystic cavity was copiously flushed with Betadine solution. The remaining cystic lining was gently curetted and the flap was sutured back. "SealBio" was performed after gentle irrigation with saline and intentional over instrumentation. A calcium sulphate based cement was pushed in the cervical third of the canal and the access opening was sealed with glass ionomer cement. Patient was prescribed antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs for 5 days and sutures were removed after 7 days. Patients were followed up clinically and radiographically at regular intervals.

CONCLUSIONS

In this pilot study, treatment outcome after combined technique of "SealBio" and "Surgical fenestration" was found to be highly effective in healing of large periapical cystic lesions. It was simple to perform and very conservative treatment; it required minimal bone removal, obviated the need for complete cyst enucleation, apicectomy and retrograde filling.