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Finocchio E, Olivieri M, Nguyen G, Bortolami O, Marchetti P, Vesentini R, Torroni L, Spiteri G, Locatelli F, Moretti F, Fois A, Pirina P, Ferrari M, Verlato G. Effects of Respiratory Disorders on Smoking Cessation and Re-Initiation in an Italian Cohort Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18030903. [PMID: 33494306 PMCID: PMC7908144 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18030903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The present study aims to prospectively assess the influence of respiratory disorders on smoking cessation and re-initiation. Three population-based Italian cohorts answered a questionnaire on respiratory health and smoking habits during 1998–2001 and after a mean follow-up (SD) of 9.1 (0.8) years. Out of 1874 current smokers and 1166 ex-smokers at baseline, 965 (51.5%) and 735 (63.0%) reported their smoking status at follow-up. From current smokers, 312 had stopped smoking at follow-up, while 86 ex-smokers had resumed smoking. People reporting asthma at baseline were more likely to stop smoking than the other subjects (48.6% vs. 31.7%), while people reporting allergic rhinitis or chronic cough/phlegm had a higher probability to resume smoking (16.7% vs. 10.5% and 20.7% vs. 10.4%, respectively). In the multivariable logistic model, smoking relapse strongly decreased with increasing abstinence duration in people without chronic cough/phlegm (OR for ≥7.5 years vs. <7.5 years = 0.23, 95% CI 0.20–0.27), while no effect was detected in people with chronic cough/phlegm (p for interaction = 0.039). Smoking cessation was enhanced in asthmatic subjects, while people with allergic rhinitis or chronic cough/phlegm were at higher risk to resume smoking. Chronic cough/phlegm blunted the decrease in smoking resumption associated with longer abstinence duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Finocchio
- Unit of Epidemiology & Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics & Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (E.F.); (G.N.); (O.B.); (P.M.); (R.V.); (L.T.); (F.L.); (G.V.)
| | - Mario Olivieri
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Department of Diagnostics & Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-045-8124921
| | - Giang Nguyen
- Unit of Epidemiology & Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics & Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (E.F.); (G.N.); (O.B.); (P.M.); (R.V.); (L.T.); (F.L.); (G.V.)
| | - Oscar Bortolami
- Unit of Epidemiology & Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics & Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (E.F.); (G.N.); (O.B.); (P.M.); (R.V.); (L.T.); (F.L.); (G.V.)
| | - Pierpaolo Marchetti
- Unit of Epidemiology & Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics & Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (E.F.); (G.N.); (O.B.); (P.M.); (R.V.); (L.T.); (F.L.); (G.V.)
| | - Roberta Vesentini
- Unit of Epidemiology & Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics & Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (E.F.); (G.N.); (O.B.); (P.M.); (R.V.); (L.T.); (F.L.); (G.V.)
| | - Lorena Torroni
- Unit of Epidemiology & Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics & Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (E.F.); (G.N.); (O.B.); (P.M.); (R.V.); (L.T.); (F.L.); (G.V.)
| | - Gianluca Spiteri
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Department of Diagnostics & Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy;
| | - Francesca Locatelli
- Unit of Epidemiology & Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics & Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (E.F.); (G.N.); (O.B.); (P.M.); (R.V.); (L.T.); (F.L.); (G.V.)
| | - Francesca Moretti
- Unit of Hygiene, Department of Diagnostics & Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Fois
- Unit of Lung Disease, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.F.); (P.P.)
| | - Pietro Pirina
- Unit of Lung Disease, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.F.); (P.P.)
| | - Marcello Ferrari
- Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Verlato
- Unit of Epidemiology & Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics & Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (E.F.); (G.N.); (O.B.); (P.M.); (R.V.); (L.T.); (F.L.); (G.V.)
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