1
|
Mensah A, Rodgers AM, Larrañeta E, McMullan L, Tambuwala M, Callan JF, Courtenay AJ. Treatment of Periodontal Infections, the Possible Role of Hydrogels as Antibiotic Drug-Delivery Systems. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1073. [PMID: 37370392 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12061073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
With the advancement of biomedical research into antimicrobial treatments for various diseases, the source and delivery of antibiotics have attracted attention. In periodontal diseases, antibiotics are integral in positive treatment outcomes; however, the use of antibiotics is with caution as the potential for the emergence of resistant strains is of concern. Over the years, conventional routes of drug administration have been proven to be effective for the treatment of PD, yet the problem of antibiotic resistance to conventional therapies continues to remain a setback in future treatments. Hydrogels fabricated from natural and synthetic polymers have been extensively applied in biomedical sciences for the delivery of potent biological compounds. These polymeric materials either have intrinsic antibacterial properties or serve as good carriers for the delivery of antibacterial agents. The biocompatibility, low toxicity and biodegradability of some hydrogels have favoured their consideration as prospective carriers for antibacterial drug delivery in PD. This article reviews PD and its antibiotic treatment options, the role of bacteria in PD and the potential of hydrogels as antibacterial agents and for antibiotic drug delivery in PD. Finally, potential challenges and future directions of hydrogels for use in PD treatment and diagnosis are also highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adelaide Mensah
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Aoife M Rodgers
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 96 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Eneko Larrañeta
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 96 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Lyndsey McMullan
- DJ Maguire and Associates, Floor 1, Molesworth Place, Molesworth Street, Cookstown BT80 8NX, UK
| | - Murtaza Tambuwala
- Lincoln Medical School, Universities of Nottingham and Lincoln, Brayford Pool Campus, Lincoln LN6 7TS, UK
| | - John F Callan
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Aaron J Courtenay
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Luque-Bracho A, Rosales Y, Vergara-Buenaventura A. The benefits of propolis in periodontal therapy. A scoping review of preclinical and clinical studies. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 303:115926. [PMID: 36400346 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The treatment of periodontal disease (PD) is aimed at adequate control of bacterial plaque. In many patients mechanical methods are unable to eliminate this plaque leading to the need for adjuvant chemical products. Propolis is a natural product that has demonstrated therapeutic properties and has shown to be effective as an anti-inflammatory and antibacterial agent in dentistry. AIM OF THE STUDY Considering the beneficial effects of propolis on various oral conditions, this study aimed to review, update and summarize the available evidence on the benefits of propolis in in vitro studies, animal models, and human clinical trials on non-surgical periodontal therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS An electronic search in three databases was performed up to December 2021. The search strategy included the terms "propolis" and "periodontal disease" to identify relevant studies on the potential advantages of propolis in periodontal therapy in in vitro studies, animal models, and human clinical trials. RESULTS The search yielded 538 results, discarding 459 studies that did not clearly meet the inclusion criteria. A total of 42 studies were included: 18 in vitro, one animal, and 23 randomized clinical trials. In vitro studies have demonstrated that propolis has antimicrobial activity against periodontal pathogens and clinical studies have reported its use as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy. The clinical effects of propolis have been reported in conjunction with prophylaxis, polishing, and scaling and root planing (SRP). It has shown to have anti-plaque activity and improve gingival health. Propolis was found to be more effective in improving clinical parameters than conventional treatment (SRP alone) and demonstrated similar efficacy in treating chronic periodontitis compared to positive controls. Only one study reported an allergic reaction. CONCLUSION The evidence available on the benefits of propolis in in vitro studies, animal models, and clinical trials suggests that propolis could be a promising adjunct to conventional therapy of gingivitis and periodontitis. However, further studies are needed to determine its superiority to other therapies in the treatment of PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angel Luque-Bracho
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Cientifica del Sur, Lima, Peru.
| | - Yasmin Rosales
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Cientifica del Sur, Lima, Peru.
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Parolia A, Bapat RA, Chaubal T, Yang HJ, Panda S, Mohan M, Sahebkar A, Kesharwani P. Recent update on application of propolis as an adjuvant natural medication in management of gum diseases and drug delivery approaches. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
4
|
Lotif MAL, Valadas LAR, Fechine FV, Fonseca SGC, Bandeira MAM, Dantas TCFB, Rodrigues Neto EM, Squassi A, Fonteles MMF. A double-blind randomized clinical trial of Brazilian red propolis dentifrice efficacy in orthodontic patients. J Oral Sci 2021; 64:28-32. [PMID: 34955484 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.21-0270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of a dentifrice containing Brazilian Red Propolis (BRP) against salivary Lactobacillus spp. and plaque formation. METHODS This was a randomized, double-blind clinical trial. Forty-two participants were randomized into two groups according to the dentifrice employed: G1 (fluoridated BRP dentifrice) and G2 (fluoridated common dentifrice). Saliva was collected and the visible plaque index (VPI) was recorded at the baseline (D0) and 4 weeks after day 0 (D28). Microbiological analysis was performed using two dilutions. Lactobacillus spp. isolates were identified and their abundance was expressed as log (CFU/mL). RESULTS For the first dilution, the counts of Lactobacillus spp. in G1 was 1.15 ± 0.41 at D0 and 0.68 ± 0.15 at D28 (P < 0.05) and in G2 it was 1.33 ± 0.52 at D0 and 1.84 ± 0.39 at D28 (P < 0.05). For the second dilution, the corresponding values in G1 and G2 were 0.87 ± 0.34 and 0.64 ± 0.37, respectively (P = 0.1547), and 1.54 ± 0.47 and 1.62 ± 0.37, respectively (P = 0.9999). The corresponding VPI values for G1 and G2 were 38.10 ± 17.95 and 20.60 ± 16.44, respectively (P < 0.05), and 38.38 ± 19.65 and 27.40 ± 14.63, respectively (P = 0.03). CONCLUSION The dentifrice containing BRP showed antimicrobial activity against Lactobacillus spp. and decreased the VPI for up to 4 weeks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lídia Audrey R Valadas
- Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing College, Federal University of Ceará.,Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires
| | | | - Said G C Fonseca
- Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing College, Federal University of Ceará
| | | | | | | | - Aldo Squassi
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Navarro-Pérez ML, Vadillo-Rodríguez V, Fernández-Babiano I, Pérez-Giraldo C, Fernández-Calderón MC. Antimicrobial activity of a novel Spanish propolis against planktonic and sessile oral Streptococcus spp. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23860. [PMID: 34903790 PMCID: PMC8668902 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03202-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased bacterial resistance to traditional antimicrobial agents has prompted the use of natural products with antimicrobial properties such as propolis, extensively employed since ancient times. However, the chemical composition of propolis extracts is extremely complex and has been shown to vary depending on the region and season of collection, due to variations in the flora from which the pharmacological substances are obtained, being therefore essential for their antimicrobial activity to be checked before use. For this purpose, we evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activity of a new and promising Spanish ethanolic extract of propolis (SEEP) on Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis, responsible, as dominant 'pioneer' species, for dental plaque. Results reveal that S. sanguinis is more sensitive to SEEP, slowing and retarding its growth considerably with lower concentrations than those needed to produce the same effect in S. mutans. SEEP presents concentration- and time-dependent killing activity and, furthermore, some of the subinhibitory concentrations employed increased biofilm formation even when bacterial growth decreased. Mono and dual-species biofilms were also inhibited by SEEP. Findings obtained clearly show the relevance of using biofilm and subinhibitory concentration models to determine optimal treatment concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Luisa Navarro-Pérez
- Department of Biomedical Science, Area of Microbiology, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain. .,Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), Badajoz, Spain.
| | - Virginia Vadillo-Rodríguez
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), Badajoz, Spain.,Department of Applied Physics, Area of Applied Physics, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain.,Biomedical Research Network Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Badajoz, Spain
| | - Irene Fernández-Babiano
- Department of Biomedical Science, Area of Microbiology, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), Badajoz, Spain
| | - Ciro Pérez-Giraldo
- Department of Biomedical Science, Area of Microbiology, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), Badajoz, Spain.,Biomedical Research Network Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Badajoz, Spain
| | - M Coronada Fernández-Calderón
- Department of Biomedical Science, Area of Microbiology, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), Badajoz, Spain.,Biomedical Research Network Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Badajoz, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Saeed MA, Khabeer A, Faridi MA, Makhdoom G. Effectiveness of propolis in maintaining oral health: a scoping review. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL HYGIENE : CJDH = JOURNAL CANADIEN DE L'HYGIENE DENTAIRE : JCHD 2021; 55:167-176. [PMID: 34925517 PMCID: PMC8641552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research has revealed that periodontal diseases are caused by inflammation that results from a dysbiosis of the oral microbiome where oral bacteria multiply into larger communities referred to as dental biofilm. To help control this overgrowth of bacteria, a variety of toothpastes, dentifrices, and mouthwashes have been developed. Although not as common in North American toothpastes, propolis as an active ingredient in dentifrices has begun to emerge, as laboratory studies have suggested it has anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antidiabetic properties. The purpose of this scoping review was to explore the literature on the effectiveness of propolis in maintaining oral health. METHODS This review used the following criteria: Population: studies involving healthy humans; Intervention: propolis in the form of toothpaste, dentifrice, and mouthwash; Comparison: fluoride, chlorohexidine, and placebo; Outcomes: plaque and gingival indices, improvement in oral hygiene, and inhibition of bacteria. Relevant research articles were selected from Web of Science, PubMed, MEDLINE, and Scopus databases using the search parameter "propolis[tw] AND (toothpaste*[tw] OR dentifrice*[tw] OR mouthwash*[tw])". Only original articles published after 2009 and written in the English language were included. RESULTS A total of 19 original papers met the criteria and showed varying levels of success achieved with the use of propolis. It was responsible for a significant lowering of specific plaque and gingival indices, inhibited the growth of bacteria, reduced oral flora diversity, and consistently improved periodontal condition, oral hygiene, and oral health. CONCLUSION Propolis may play a role in initiating, sustaining, and maintaining oral health as its desirable properties have the potential to improve various oral hygiene related indices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Abdul Khabeer
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Ali Faridi
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghulam Makhdoom
- International Scholar, Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
In Vitro Activity of Propolis on Oral Microorganisms and Biofilms. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10091045. [PMID: 34572627 PMCID: PMC8472590 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10091045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products are being discussed as alternatives to commonly used chemicals in antimicrobial therapy. The study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial activity of propolis against microbial species associated with caries, periodontal disease, and Candida infections. Two commercially available ethanolic extracts of Brazilian and one of European propolis (EEP) were used. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of propolis and controls against eight microbial strains were determined. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) images visualized the effect of propolis on microorganisms. Subsequently, the activity on three different multi-species biofilms (both formation and existing biofilms) was assessed. All MIC values of the Brazilian EEPs were low against the tested oral species (≤0.1 mg/mL–3.13 mg/mL propolis (Candida albicans)). The European EEP had slightly higher MICs than the Brazilian EEPs. The SEM and TEM images suggest an interaction of propolis with the microbial cell wall. The European EEP exhibited the strongest effect on retarding biofilm formation, whereas the Brazilian EEPs were highly active against preformed biofilms (100 mg/mL propolis of both EEPs reduced colony forming unit counts always by more than 6 log10). The antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activities point to the potential of propolis as an adjunct in oral health care products.
Collapse
|
8
|
Shanmugapriya R, Arunmozhi U, Kadhiresan R, Sabitha S, Anirudhya R, Sujatha G. Comparison of antiplaque effectiveness of herbal toothpaste: A randomized triple-blinded cross-over clinical trial. Ayu 2020; 40:109-113. [PMID: 32398911 PMCID: PMC7210816 DOI: 10.4103/ayu.ayu_185_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cleansing the teeth with a toothbrush and paste is an indubitable mechanical plaque control method practiced by almost everyone. Eliminating dental plaque is an essential, fundamental and mandatory step to prevent the occurrence of periodontal diseases that are rife globally. The aim of the present study is to compare the antiplaque effectiveness of a prepared herbal and commercially available dentifrice. Materials and Methods Thirty healthy individuals within the age group of 18-25 years were recruited to participate in the study. After achieving induced gingivitis and measuring plaque levels using Turesky modification of the Quigley Hein Plaque index in all the subjects, they were randomly divided into test arms A and B. Commercial dentifrice was distributed to one group, whereas the other group received prepared herbal dentifrice. Supervised brushing was carried out for 5 min, and plaque amounts after brushing were noted. After a washout period of 1 week, the same steps were repeated as per the cross-over study protocol. Unpaired t-test and paired t-tests were employed with P < 0.05. Results Both the toothpastes show the difference in plaque scores immediately after brushing when compared to baseline and was statistically significant (P = 0.001). The mean plaque scores of commercial dentifrice (1.93 ± 1.52) were less than that of the prepared herbal dentifrice (2.35 ± 1.39) after brushing. Conclusion The prepared herbal dentifrice had good antiplaque action. However, the plaque inhibitory action of self-prepared herbal toothpaste was marginally less when compared to commercial dentifrice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramamurthy Shanmugapriya
- Department of Periodontics, Sri Venkateswara Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ulaganathan Arunmozhi
- Department of Periodontics, Sri Venkateswara Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rathinasamy Kadhiresan
- Department of Periodontics, Sri Venkateswara Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sudarsan Sabitha
- Department of Periodontics, Sri Venkateswara Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ravikumar Anirudhya
- Department of Periodontics, Sri Venkateswara Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Govindarajan Sujatha
- Department of Oral Pathology, Sri Venkateswara Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Peycheva S, Apostolova E, Gardjeva P, Peychev Z, Kokova V, Angelov A, Slavov A, Murdjeva M. Effect of Bulgarian propolis on the oral microflora in adolescents with plaque-induced gingivitis. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
10
|
Mehta V, Shetiya SH, Kakodkar P, Janakiram C, Rizwan SA. Efficacy of herbal dentifrice on the prevention of plaque and gingivitis as compared to conventional dentifrice: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2018; 22:379-389. [PMID: 30210185 PMCID: PMC6128134 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_100_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to review literature on the effects of herbal dentifrice compared to conventional dentifrice on plaque and gingival inflammation. Materials and Methods MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and major journals were explored for studies up to September 30, 2017. A comprehensive search was designed and the articles were independently screened for eligibility by two reviewers. Randomized controlled clinical trials, in which oral prophylaxis was undertaken before the intervention was introduced into the oral cavity using toothbrush were included. Where appropriate, a meta-analysis (MA) was performed and standardized mean differences (SMDs) were calculated. Results Ten articles out of 1378 titles were found to meet the eligibility criteria. A MA showed that for plaque intervention the SMD was 2.14; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.88-3.41, P = 0.0009; test for heterogeneity: P < 0.00001, I2 = 96% in favor of conventional dentifrice; and for gingival inflammation, the SMD was 1.37; 95% CI: 0.49-2.26, P = 0.002; test for heterogeneity: P < 0.00001, I2 = 94% which also was in favor of conventional dentifrice. Subgroup analysis for plaque intervention and gingival inflammation in case of long-term (more than 4 weeks and up to 6 months) and short-term effects (minimum of 4 weeks) of herbal dentifrice showed no difference when compared to conventional dentifrice. Conclusion Currently, there is no high-quality evidence to support or abnegate the anti-plaque and anti-gingivitis effects of the herbal dentifrice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vini Mehta
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sahana Hegde Shetiya
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pradnya Kakodkar
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Piredda M, Facchinetti G, Biagioli V, Giannarelli D, Armento G, Tonini G, De Marinis MG. Propolis in the prevention of oral mucositis in breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy: A pilot randomised controlled trial. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2017; 26. [PMID: 28840622 DOI: 10.1111/ecc.12757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Chemo-induced oral mucositis (OM) is associated with significant symptoms, treatment delays and increased costs. This pilot randomised controlled trial aimed at evaluating the safety, tolerability and compliance with propolis in breast cancer patients receiving doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide, testing preliminary clinical efficacy of propolis in the prevention of OM, and prospectively evaluating the incidence of OM. Sixty patients were randomised to receive either a dry extract of propolis with 8%-12% of galangin plus mouth rinsing with sodium bicarbonate (experimental arm), or mouth rinsing with sodium bicarbonate (control arm). OM was evaluated with the NCI-CTCAE v4.0 after 5, 10, 15 and 21 days of treatment. Compliance with, tolerability of propolis and adverse events were recorded. The incidence of OM was also prospectively evaluated for 6 months. Two patients (6.7%) manifested a suspected skin reaction to propolis. No patient in the experimental arm developed OM > G1, while in the control arm OM > G1 was 16.7% (p = .02). The incidence of OM ≥ G1 at the end of cycles 2-8 was higher at the second (25%) and fifth cycles (45.8%). Propolis plus bicarbonate was safe, well tolerated and promisingly effective in the prevention of OM in patients with breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Piredda
- Research Unit Nursing Science, Campus Bio-Medico di Roma University, Rome, Italy
| | - G Facchinetti
- Research Unit Nursing Science, Campus Bio-Medico di Roma University, Rome, Italy
| | - V Biagioli
- Research Unit Nursing Science, Campus Bio-Medico di Roma University, Rome, Italy
| | - D Giannarelli
- Biostatistical Unit, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - G Armento
- Medical Oncology, Campus Bio-Medico University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - G Tonini
- Medical Oncology, Campus Bio-Medico University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - M G De Marinis
- Research Unit Nursing Science, Campus Bio-Medico di Roma University, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Valones MAA, Higino JS, Souza PRE, Crovella S, Caldas Júnior ADF, Carvalho ADAT. Dentifrice Containing Extract of Rosmarinus officinalis Linn.: An Antimicrobial Evaluation. Braz Dent J 2016; 27:497-501. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201600672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of a dentifrice containing an alcoholic extract of rosemary on oral bacteria, compared to a commercially available herbal dentifrice. Standard strains of Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175), Streptococcus oralis (ATCC 9811) and Lactobacillus rhamnosus (ATCC 7469) were used, as well as different toothpastes based on rosemary (TR), on propolis (TH), triclosan (positive control) (TPC) and non-fluoridated dentifrice (negative control) (TNC). Bacteria were seeded in Petri dishes and paper discs soaked with dilutions of dentifrice placed on the plates. The inhibition halos were analyzed. It was observed that TR did not show statistical difference in relation to the TH to inhibit S. mutans and S. oralis, while TH was more active against L. rhamnosus. The toothpaste containing rosemary extract had the ability to inhibit the growth of S. mutans, S. oralis and L. rhamnosus, revealing an antimicrobial activity similar to commercially available toothpastes for inhibition of S. mutans and S. oralis.
Collapse
|
13
|
Sforcin JM. Biological Properties and Therapeutic Applications of Propolis. Phytother Res 2016; 30:894-905. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- José M. Sforcin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology; Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP; 18618-970 Botucatu SP Brazil
| |
Collapse
|