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Sharmila L, Pal A, Biswas R, Batabyal K, Dey S, Joardar SN, Dutta TK, Bandyopadhyay S, Pal S, Samanta I. In-silico insights of ESBL variants and tracking the probable sources of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in a small-scale poultry farm. Microb Pathog 2024; 192:106710. [PMID: 38801865 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Commercial broiler farms face challenges of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli transmitted from both vertical and horizontal routes. Understanding the dynamics of ESBL-E. coli transmission in compromised biosecurity settings of small-scale rural poultry farms is essential. This study aimed to elucidate the probable transmission pathways of ESBL-E. coli in such settings, employing phylogenetic analysis and molecular docking simulations to explore the catalytic properties of β-lactamase variants. Sampling was conducted on a small-scale poultry farm in West Bengal, India, collecting 120 samples at three intervals during the broiler production cycle. E. coli isolates underwent resistance testing against eight antimicrobials, with confirmation of ESBL production. Genotypic analysis of ESBL genes and sequencing were performed, alongside molecular docking analyses and phylogenetic comparisons with publicly available sequences. Among 173 E. coli isolates, varying resistance profiles were observed, with complete resistance to cefixime and high resistance to amoxicillin and tetracycline. The incidence of ESBL-E. coli fluctuated over the production cycle, with dynamic changes in the prevalence of blaCTX-M-type and blaSHV-type genes. Phylogenetic analysis indicated partial clonal relationships with human clinical strains and poultry strains from the Indian subcontinent. Molecular docking confirmed the catalytic efficiencies of these ESBL variants. The study highlights probable vertical transmission of ESBL-E. coli and emphasizes drinking water as a potential source of horizontal transmission in small-scale poultry farms. Strict biosecurity measures could prevent the spread of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in birds and their products in a small scale poultry farm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latchubhukta Sharmila
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, 37, K.B. Sarani, Belgachia, Kolkata, India
| | - Arijit Pal
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India; Department of Zoology, Raiganj Surendranath Mahavidyalaya, Sudarshanpur, Raiganj, Uttar Dinajpur, West Bengal, 733134, India
| | - Ripan Biswas
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, 37, K.B. Sarani, Belgachia, Kolkata, India
| | - Kunal Batabyal
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, 37, K.B. Sarani, Belgachia, Kolkata, India
| | - Samir Dey
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, 37, K.B. Sarani, Belgachia, Kolkata, India
| | - Siddhartha Narayan Joardar
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, 37, K.B. Sarani, Belgachia, Kolkata, India
| | - Tapan Kumar Dutta
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Central Agricultural University, Aizawl, Mizoram, India
| | - Samiran Bandyopadhyay
- Eastern Regional Station, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Belgachia, Kolkata, India
| | - Surajit Pal
- Evolutionary Ecology and Genetics Research Group, Zoological Institute, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Am Botanischen Garten 9, 24118, Kiel, Germany; Max Planck Fellow Group on Antibiotic Resistance Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Ploen, Germany.
| | - Indranil Samanta
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, 37, K.B. Sarani, Belgachia, Kolkata, India.
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Vossius G, Meex C, Moerman F, Thys M, Ernst M, Bourgeois ME, Wagner L, Delahaye T, Darcis G. Clinical Outcomes of Third-Generation Cephalosporin Definitive Therapy for Bloodstream Infections Due to Enterobacterales with Potential AmpC Induction: A Single-Center Retrospective Study. Pathogens 2023; 12:1152. [PMID: 37764960 PMCID: PMC10537439 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12091152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The recommended therapy for severe infections caused by AmpC-inducible Enterobacterales (AmpC-E) typically involves cefepime or carbapenems. In an era of emerging resistance to these antimicrobials, we aim to assess the impact of third-generation cephalosporins (3GCs) vs. alternative antibiotics on clinical outcomes in bloodstream infections (BSIs) due to AmpC-E. We retrospectively included hospitalized adult patients with BSIs caused by 3GC-susceptible AmpC-E between 2012 and 2022, comparing the outcomes of 3GC and non-3GC definitive therapies. The primary outcome was overall treatment failure (OTF), encompassing 90-day all-cause mortality, 90-day reinfection, and 90-day readmission. Secondary outcomes comprised components of the OTF, in-hospital all-cause mortality, and length-of-stay. Within a total cohort of 353 patients, OTF occurred in 46.5% and 41.5% in the 3GC- and non-3GC-therapy groups, respectively (p = 0.36). The 3GC-therapy group exhibited a longer length-of-stay (38 vs. 21 days, p = 0.0003) and higher in-hospital mortality (23.3% vs. 13.4%, p = 0.019). However, the 90-day mortality, 90-day reinfection, and 90-day readmission were comparable between the therapy groups. Subgroup analyses involving high-risk AmpC-E and 3GC vs. standard-of-care yielded similar conclusions. Overall, our findings suggest that 3GC definitive therapy may not result in poorer clinical outcomes for the treatment of BSIs caused by AmpC-E.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Vossius
- Département des Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Cécile Meex
- Service de Microbiologie Clinique, Université de Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Filip Moerman
- Département des Maladies Infectieuses, Hôpital de la Citadelle, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Marie Thys
- Service des Informations Médico-Économiques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Marie Ernst
- Biostatistics and Research Method Center (B-STAT), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Léa Wagner
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Gilles Darcis
- Département des Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
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Ain Q, Tahir M, Sadaqat A, Ayub A, Awan AB, Wajid M, Ali A, Iqbal M, Haque A, Sarwar Y. First Detection of Extensively Drug-Resistant Salmonella Typhi Isolates Harboring VIM and GES Genes for Carbapenem Resistance from Faisalabad, Pakistan. Microb Drug Resist 2022; 28:1087-1098. [DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2022.0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Quratul Ain
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mahnoor Tahir
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Amna Sadaqat
- Pediatric Medicine Unit, Allied Hospital, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ambreen Ayub
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Asad Bashir Awan
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Wajid
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Aamir Ali
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mazhar Iqbal
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Haque
- Akhuwat Faisalabad Institute for Research in Science and Technology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Yasra Sarwar
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Kudinha T, Kong F. Possible step-up in prevalence for Escherichia coli ST131 from fecal to clinical isolates: inferred virulence potential comparative studies within phylogenetic group B2. J Biomed Sci 2022; 29:78. [PMID: 36207707 PMCID: PMC9547475 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-022-00862-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Escherichia coli sequence type (ST)131 is an important urinary tract pathogen, and is responsible for considerable healthcare-associated problems and costs worldwide. A better understanding of the factors that contribute to its rapid worldwide spread may help in arresting its continual spread. We studied a large collection of fecal and urinary E. coli ST131 and E. coli non-ST131 phylogenetic group B2 isolates, from women, men and children, in regional NSW, Australia. Results We found out that there was a step up in ST131 prevalence (and possibly in virulence) from fecal to clinical (urinary) isolates in general, and specifically among ciprofloxacin resistant isolates, in the 3 host groups. Furthermore, our results revealed that the inferred virulence potential of the ST131 isolates (as measured by VF gene scores) was much higher than that of non-ST131 phylogenetic group B2 isolates, and this was much more pronounced amongst the urinary isolates. This finding suggests presence of possible E. coli phylogenetic B2 subgroups with varying levels of virulence, with ST131 being much more virulent compared to others. A strong association between ST131 and fluoroquinolone (FQ) resistance was also demonstrated, suggesting that FQ use is related to ST131 emergence and spread. Specifically, about 77% of ST131 isolates from women and men, and 47% from children, were extended spectrum β- lactamase (ESBL) producers. Moreover, FQ resistant ST131 ESBL isolates on average harbored more VF genes than all other isolates. Conclusions The strong association between ST131 prevalence and FQ resistance amongst the studied isolates suggests that FQ use is related to ST131 emergence and spread. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that FQ resistance and a plurality of VF genes can exist together in ST131, something that has traditionally been regarded as being inversely related. This may partly contribute to the emergence and worldwide spread of ST131. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12929-022-00862-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Kudinha
- NSW Health Pathology, Regional and Rural, Orange Hospital, Orange, NSW, Australia. .,School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Leeds Parade, Orange, NSW, 2800, Australia.
| | - Fanrong Kong
- NSW Health Pathology, CIDMLS, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
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Govindaswamy A, Bajpai V, Khurana S, Aravinda A, Batra P, Malhotra R, Mathur P. Prevalence and characterization of beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolates from a tertiary care hospital in India. J Lab Physicians 2020; 11:123-127. [PMID: 31160850 PMCID: PMC6543933 DOI: 10.4103/jlp.jlp_122_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence and characterize the resistance profiles of Escherichia coli isolated from various clinical specimens by various phenotypic and genotypic methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 196 consecutive, nonduplicate strains of clinically significant E. coli isolated from various clinical specimens were included in the study. Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by using Vitek-2 system (Biomerieux, France). Phenotypic detection of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBLs), Amp-C-β lactamase (Amp C), and carbapenemase production was done by various combination of disc diffusion methods, minimum inhibitory concentration determination by E-test, followed by polymerase-chain-reaction for the detection of β-lactamase-encoding genes. RESULTS: Overall prevalence of ESBLs, Amp C, and carbapenemase production was found to be 88.3%, 42.2%, and 65.1% by the phenotypic detection methods. Our study also revealed high resistance rates against other antibiotics such as cefepime (89%), cefotaxime (95.4%), ceftazidime (85.4%), ceftriaxone (91.8%), cefpodoxime (92.7%), aztreonam (56.3%), piperacillin/tazobactam (89.2%), and ticarcillin/clavulanic acid (76.3%). The most prevalent ESBL gene was blaTEM (67.30%), and least prevalent ESBL gene was blaVEB (2.61%). In case of Amp C, blaFOX gene (21.9%) was predominant. Among the genes encoding for carbapenemases, the most common gene was blaNDM (61.7%) followed by blaVIM (30.8%), blaKPC (10.6%), blaOXA-48 (5.3%), and blaIMP (2.1%). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest a high rate of ESBLs, Amp C, and carbapenemase production among the E. coli isolates. A combination of both phenotypic and genotypic methods would be ideal for better characterization of resistance patterns among the E. coli isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarya Govindaswamy
- Department of Microbiology, Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vijeta Bajpai
- Department of Microbiology, Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Surbhi Khurana
- Department of Microbiology, Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anjana Aravinda
- Department of Microbiology, Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Priyam Batra
- Department of Microbiology, Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajesh Malhotra
- Department of Orthopedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Purva Mathur
- Department of Microbiology, Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Dhara L, Tripathi A. Sub-acute toxicological and behavioural effects of two candidate therapeutics, cinnamaldehyde and eugenol, for treatment of ESBL producing-quinolone resistant pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2020; 47:977-988. [PMID: 32027395 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Present study deals with evaluation of antibacterial activity of cinnamaldehyde and eugenol against both extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing and quinolone resistant (QR) (ESBL-QR) pathogenic Enterobactericeae along with determination of its in vivo toxicity level in a murine model to investigate their pharmacological potential. Broth microdilution assay was used to determine minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of cinnamaldehyde (CIN), eugenol (EG) and traditional antibiotics against ESBL-QR Enterobactericeae. Sub-acute oral toxicity study (14 days) was carried out in Swiss albino mice to evaluate any toxicological and behavioural effect viz novelty suppressed feeding (NSF), novel object recognition (NOR), tail suspension test (TST) and social interaction test of cinnamaldehyde and eugenol. Cinnamaldehyde and eugenol demonstrated mode-MIC of 7.28 and 7.34 μg/mL among maximum numbers of Escherichia coli (32.1%) and 0.91 and 3.67 μg/mL among maximum numbers of Klebsiella pneumoniae (24.2%) isolates, respectively. For haematological and toxicological analyses, after 14 days of oral administration of cinnamaldehyde (0.91-10 mg/kg) and eugenol (7.34-70 mg/kg), blood was collected from the murine model, while histological examinations were performed on liver and kidney. There was no alteration in food and water intake among treated animals. Toxicological and behavioural studies displayed good safety profiles of cinnamaldehyde and eugenol. The results indicated potential antibacterial efficacy of cinnamaldehyde and eugenol against pathogenic ESBL-QR Enterobacteriaceae, without any significant toxicological and behavioural effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Dhara
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Biotechnology, Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Anusri Tripathi
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Biotechnology, Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Geographical Distribution of β-Lactam Resistance among Klebsiella spp. from Selected Health Facilities in Ghana. Trop Med Infect Dis 2019; 4:tropicalmed4030117. [PMID: 31484298 PMCID: PMC6789473 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed4030117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
β-Lactam-resistant Klebsiella isolates continue to cause multidrug resistance infections worldwide. This study aimed to describe the geographical distribution of extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), AmpC β-lactamase (AmpC), and carbapenemase production among 139 Klebsiella isolates recovered from patients at major referral health facilities in Ghana. The phenotypic methods of combined disc diffusion test, modified three-dimensional test, modified Hodge test (MHT), and combined disc test were performed for each isolate to detect ESBL, AmpC, carbapenemase, and metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) producers, respectively. Except for MBL, all other β-lactam resistance mechanisms were highest in the healthcare facilities situated in the northern belt of Ghana. Significant regional difference of ESBL producers was observed between the northern and middle belts as well as the northern and southern belts. Genotypic detection with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) revealed the presence of bla TEM 36/139 (25.9%), bla SHV 40/139 (28.8%), bla CTX-M 37/139 (26.6%), bla OXA-48 3/139 (2.16%), and bla NDM 1/139 (0.72%) genotypes. In conclusion, there were variations in β-lactam resistance among Klebsiella spp. from health facilities situated in the northern, middle, and southern belts of Ghana. The study provides preliminary evidence that emphasizes the need to direct more attention to antimicrobial resistance control, especially in the northern belt of Ghana. Findings from this study may be critical for creating and fine-tuning effective antimicrobial resistance control strategies and for informing accurate antibiotic prescription by practitioners.
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Khan ZA, Siddiqui MF, Park S. Current and Emerging Methods of Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing. Diagnostics (Basel) 2019; 9:E49. [PMID: 31058811 PMCID: PMC6627445 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics9020049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) specifies effective antibiotic dosage and formulates a profile of empirical therapy for the proper management of an individual patient's health against deadly infections. Therefore, rapid diagnostic plays a pivotal role in the treatment of bacterial infection. In this article, the authors review the socio-economic burden and emergence of antibiotic resistance. An overview of the phenotypic, genotypic, and emerging techniques for AST has been provided and discussed, highlighting the advantages and limitations of each. The historical perspective on conventional methods that have paved the way for modern AST like disk diffusion, Epsilometer test (Etest), and microdilution, is presented. Several emerging methods, such as microfluidic-based optical and electrochemical AST have been critically evaluated. Finally, the challenges related with AST and its outlook in the future are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshan A Khan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University of Technology and Education, Cheonan, Chungnam 31253, Korea.
| | - Mohd F Siddiqui
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University of Technology and Education, Cheonan, Chungnam 31253, Korea.
| | - Seungkyung Park
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University of Technology and Education, Cheonan, Chungnam 31253, Korea.
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