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Ravindran F, Jain A, Desai S, Menon N, Srivastava K, Bawa PS, Sateesh K, Srivatsa N, Raghunath SK, Srinivasan S, Choudhary B. Whole-exome sequencing of Indian prostate cancer reveals a novel therapeutic target: POLQ. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:2451-2462. [PMID: 35737091 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04111-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer diagnosed worldwide and the third most common cancer among men in India. This study's objective was to characterise the mutational landscape of Indian prostate cancer using whole-exome sequencing to identify population-specific polymorphisms. METHODS Whole-exome sequencing was performed of 58 treatment-naive primary prostate tumors of Indian origin. Multiple computational and statistical analyses were used to profile the known common mutations, other deleterious mutations, driver genes, prognostic biomarkers, and gene signatures unique to each clinical parameter. Cox analysis was performed to validate survival-associated genes. McNemar test identified genes significant to recurrence and receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was conducted to determine its accuracy. OncodriveCLUSTL algorithm was used to deduce driver genes. The druggable target identified was modeled with its known inhibitor using Autodock. RESULTS TP53 was the most commonly mutated gene in our cohort. Three novel deleterious variants unique to the Indian prostate cancer subtype were identified: POLQ, FTHL17, and OR8G1. COX regression analysis identified ACSM5, a mitochondrial gene responsible for survival. CYLC1 gene, which encodes for sperm head cytoskeletal protein, was identified as an unfavorable prognostic biomarker indicative of recurrence. The novel POLQ mutant, also identified as a driver gene, was evaluated as the druggable target in this study. POLQ, a DNA repair enzyme implicated in various cancer types, is overexpressed and is associated with a poor prognosis. The mutant POLQ was subjected to structural analysis and modeled with its known inhibitor novobiocin resulting in decreased binding efficiency necessitating the development of a better drug. CONCLUSION In this pilot study, the molecular profiling using multiple computational and statistical analyses revealed distinct polymorphisms in the Indian prostate cancer cohort. The mutational signatures identified provide a valuable resource for prognostic stratification and targeted treatment strategies for Indian prostate cancer patients. The DNA repair enzyme, POLQ, was identified as the druggable target in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Febina Ravindran
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Electronic City Phase 1, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Anika Jain
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Electronic City Phase 1, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Sagar Desai
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Electronic City Phase 1, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Navjoth Menon
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Electronic City Phase 1, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Kriti Srivastava
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Electronic City Phase 1, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Pushpinder Singh Bawa
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Electronic City Phase 1, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - K Sateesh
- Healthcare Global Enterprises Ltd, Cancer Centre, Bangalore, India
| | - N Srivatsa
- Healthcare Global Enterprises Ltd, Cancer Centre, Bangalore, India
| | - S K Raghunath
- Healthcare Global Enterprises Ltd, Cancer Centre, Bangalore, India
| | - Subhashini Srinivasan
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Electronic City Phase 1, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Bibha Choudhary
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Electronic City Phase 1, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
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2
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Guo Y, Ren C, Huang W, Yang W, Bao Y. Oncogenic ACSM1 in prostate cancer is through metabolic and extracellular matrix-receptor interaction signaling pathways. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:1824-1842. [PMID: 35530294 PMCID: PMC9077067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Acyl-coenzyme A synthetase medium chain family member 1 (ACSM1) is a medium chain Acyl-CoA Synthetase family member and plays an important role in fatty acid metabolism. The oncogenic roles of ACSM1 are largely unknown. Using comprehensive approaches, we analyzed gene expression profiles and genomic datasets and identified that the expression of ACSM1 was specifically increased in prostate cancer in comparison to the adjacent non-tumor tissues. The increased expression of ACSM1 was associated with increased risks of poor prognosis and shorter survival time. Moreover, genomic copy number alterations of ACSM1, including deletion, amplification, and amino acid changes were frequently observed in prostate cancers, although these mutations did not correlate with gene expression levels. However, ACSM1 gene amplifications were significantly corrected with increased risks of prostate cancer metastasis, and ACSM1 genetic alterations were significantly associated with worse disease-free. And progress-free survival. Gene function stratification and gene set enrichment analysis revealed that the oncogenic roles of ACSM1 in prostate cancer were mainly through metabolic pathways and extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction signaling pathways, but not associated with microenvironmental immunological signaling pathways, and that ACSM1 expression was not associated with immune cell infiltration in the cancer microenvironment or prostate cancer immune subtypes. In conclusion, the present work has demonstrated that ACSM1 can be specifically and significantly elevated in prostate cancer. ACSM1 gene expression and genomic amplification exhibit important clinical significance through metabolic and ECM-receptor interaction signaling pathways. Thus, ACSM1 may be a novel oncogene and serve as a biomarker for prostate cancer screening and prognosis prediction, and/or a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchen Guo
- Department of Immunology, Mudanjiang Medical UniversityMudanjiang 157011, China
| | - Chunna Ren
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical UniversityMudanjiang 157011, China
| | - Wentao Huang
- Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical UniversityMudanjiang 157011, China
| | - Wancai Yang
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at ChicagoIL 60612, USA
| | - Yonghua Bao
- Department of Pathology, Mudanjiang Medical UniversityMudanjiang 157011, China
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3
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Xiao ZM, Lv DJ, Yu YZ, Wang C, Xie T, Wang T, Song XL, Zhao SC. SMARCC1 Suppresses Tumor Progression by Inhibiting the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway in Prostate Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:678967. [PMID: 34249931 PMCID: PMC8267926 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.678967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background SWI/SNF-related, matrix-associated, actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily C member 1 (SMARCC1) protein is a potential tumor suppressor in various cancers. However, its role in prostate cancer (PCa) remains controversial. The aim of this study was to determine the biological function of SMARCC1 in PCa and explore the underlying regulatory mechanisms. Methods The expression of SMARCC1 was validated in PCa tissues by immunohistochemistry. Meanwhile, function experiments were used to evaluate the regulatory role on cell proliferation and metastasis in PCa cells with SMARCC1 depletion both in vitro and in vivo. The expression levels of relevant proteins were detected by Western blotting. Results Our finding showed that SMARCC1 was significantly downregulated in prostate adenocarcinoma, with a higher Gleason score (GS) than that in low GS. The decreased expression of SMARCC1 was significantly correlated with a higher GS and poor prognosis. Additionally, we found that silencing of SMARCC1 dramatically accelerated cell proliferation by promoting cell cycle progression and enhancing cell migration by inducing epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). Furthermore, depletion of SMARCC1 facilitated PCa xenograft growth and lung metastasis in murine models. Mechanistically, the loss of SMARCC1 activated the PI3K/AKT pathway in PCa cells. Conclusion SMARCC1 suppresses PCa cell proliferation and metastasis via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and is a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Ming Xiao
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dao-Jun Lv
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, Department of Urology, Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Zhong Yu
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chong Wang
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Xie
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xian-Lu Song
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shan-Chao Zhao
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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4
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Liu W, Hou J, Petkewicz J, Na R, Wang CH, Sun J, Gallagher J, Bogachkov YY, Swenson L, Regner M, Resurreccion WK, Isaacs WB, Brendler CB, Crawford S, Zheng SL, Helfand BT, Xu J. Feasibility and performance of a novel probe panel to detect somatic DNA copy number alterations in clinical specimens for predicting prostate cancer progression. Prostate 2020; 80:1253-1262. [PMID: 32803894 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To assess the feasibility of a novel DNA-based probe panel to detect copy number alterations (CNAs) in prostate tumor DNA and its performance for predicting clinical progression. METHODS A probe panel was developed and optimized to measure CNAs in trace amounts of tumor DNA (2 ng) isolated from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues. Ten genes previously associated with aggressive disease were targeted. The panel's feasibility and performance were assessed in 175 prostate cancer (PCa) patients who underwent radical prostatectomy with a median 10-year follow-up, including 42 men who developed disease progression (either metastasis and/or PCa-specific death). Association with disease progression was tested using univariable and multivariable analyses. RESULTS The probe panel detected CNAs in all 10 genes in tumor DNA isolated from either diagnostic biopsies or surgical specimens. A four-gene model (PTEN/MYC/BRCA2/CDKN1B) had the strongest association with disease progression; 64.3% of progressors and 22.5% of non-progressors had at least one CNA in these four genes, odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval) = 6.21 (2.77-13.87), P = 8.48E-06. The association with disease progression remained significant after adjusting for known clinicopathological variables. Among the seven progressors of the 65 patients with clinically low-risk disease, three (42.9%) had at least one CNA in these four genes. CONCLUSIONS The probe panel can detect CNAs in trace amounts of tumor DNA from biopsies or surgical tissues at the time of diagnosis or surgery. CNAs independently predict metastatic/lethal cancer, particularly among men with clinically low-risk disease at diagnosis. If validated, this may improve current abilities to assess tumor aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wennuan Liu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Jun Hou
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Jacqueline Petkewicz
- John and Carol Walter Center for Urological Health, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Rong Na
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Chi-Hsiung Wang
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Jishan Sun
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Johnie Gallagher
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Yedida Y Bogachkov
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Laura Swenson
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - MaryAnn Regner
- Department of Pathology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - W Kyle Resurreccion
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - William B Isaacs
- Department of Urology and Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Charles B Brendler
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Susan Crawford
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - S Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Brian T Helfand
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
- John and Carol Walter Center for Urological Health, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
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5
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Crocetto F, Boccellino M, Barone B, Di Zazzo E, Sciarra A, Galasso G, Settembre G, Quagliuolo L, Imbimbo C, Boffo S, Angelillo IF, Di Domenico M. The Crosstalk between Prostate Cancer and Microbiota Inflammation: Nutraceutical Products Are Useful to Balance This Interplay? Nutrients 2020; 12:E2648. [PMID: 32878054 PMCID: PMC7551491 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The human microbiota shows pivotal roles in urologic health and disease. Emerging studies indicate that gut and urinary microbiomes can impact several urological diseases, both benignant and malignant, acting particularly on prostate inflammation and prostate cancer. Indeed, the microbiota exerts its influence on prostate cancer initiation and/or progression mechanisms through the regulation of chronic inflammation, apoptotic processes, cytokines, and hormonal production in response to different pathogenic noxae. Additionally, therapies' and drugs' responses are influenced in their efficacy and tolerability by microbiota composition. Due to this complex potential interconnection between prostate cancer and microbiota, exploration and understanding of the involved relationships is pivotal to evaluate a potential therapeutic application in clinical practice. Several natural compounds, moreover, seem to have relevant effects, directly or mediated by microbiota, on urologic health, posing the human microbiota at the crossroad between prostatic inflammation and prostate cancer development. Here, we aim to analyze the most recent evidence regarding the possible crosstalk between prostate, microbiome, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felice Crocetto
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80135 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (B.B.); (C.I.)
| | - Mariarosaria Boccellino
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80135 Naples, Italy; (M.B.); (G.G.); (G.S.); (L.Q.); (M.D.D.)
| | - Biagio Barone
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80135 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (B.B.); (C.I.)
| | - Erika Di Zazzo
- Department of Health Science “V. Tiberio”, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Antonella Sciarra
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80135 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Galasso
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80135 Naples, Italy; (M.B.); (G.G.); (G.S.); (L.Q.); (M.D.D.)
| | - Giuliana Settembre
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80135 Naples, Italy; (M.B.); (G.G.); (G.S.); (L.Q.); (M.D.D.)
| | - Lucio Quagliuolo
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80135 Naples, Italy; (M.B.); (G.G.); (G.S.); (L.Q.); (M.D.D.)
| | - Ciro Imbimbo
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80135 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (B.B.); (C.I.)
| | - Silvia Boffo
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, 19122 PA, USA;
| | | | - Marina Di Domenico
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80135 Naples, Italy; (M.B.); (G.G.); (G.S.); (L.Q.); (M.D.D.)
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, 19122 PA, USA;
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6
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Gülhan Ö, Mahi B. The Role of AMACR, CD10, TMPRSS2-ERG, and p27 Protein Expression Among Different Gleason Grades of Prostatic Adenocarcinoma on Needle Biopsy. Clin Med Insights Oncol 2020; 14:1179554920947322. [PMID: 35185351 PMCID: PMC8855389 DOI: 10.1177/1179554920947322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We examined the immunohistochemical expression of α-methyl acyl coenzyme A racemase (AMACR), CD10, TMPRSS2-ERG, and p27 in prostate adenocarcinoma tumors with different Gleason growth patterns and nonneoplastic prostate tissues to elucidate their roles in prostate carcinogenesis and histological aggressiveness. MATERIAL AND METHODS In total, 80 archival core biopsy tissues diagnosed as prostate carcinoma, benign prostate hyperplasia, and atrophy cases were included. Immunoreactivity was evaluated by calculating the percentage of positively stained cells and the staining intensity. The mean values and test of significance were obtained using the Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS We obtained mostly intense immunoreactivity for AMACR, CD10, and ERG in adenocarcinomas. Although no significant differences were noted regarding AMACR and ERG expression, samples with Gleason growth patterns 3 and 5 tended to be strongly positive for ERG. Pattern 3 tumors exhibited the weakest positivity for CD10. The p27 expression was strong and diffuse in nonneoplastic prostate tissues. The loss of p27 expression was more frequent for pattern 5 tumors. CONCLUSION ERG and AMACR were powerful markers to detect cancer. Especially, ERG is evident in early tumors may reflect its interaction with functional androgen receptors in cancer initiation. Pattern 5 tumors associated with stroma may have been exposed to more stromal substrates and upregulate their CD10 content as a protein degrader. We suggest that CD10 expression is associated with an increasing tumor grade. Decreased concentrations of p27 protein might be implicated in prostate carcinogenesis and may be a useful immunohistochemical adjunct in predicting histological aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özdemir Gülhan
- Department of Pathology, Mengücek Gazi Training and Research Hospital, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Balcı Mahi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kirikkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
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7
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Hashim D, Gonzalez-Feliciano AG, Ahearn TU, Pettersson A, Barber L, Pernar CH, Ebot EM, Isikbay M, Finn SP, Giovannucci EL, Lis RT, Loda M, Parmigiani G, Lotan T, Kantoff PW, Mucci LA, Graff RE. Family history of prostate cancer and the incidence of ERG- and phosphatase and tensin homolog-defined prostate cancer. Int J Cancer 2020; 146:2694-2702. [PMID: 31318977 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Family history is among the strongest known risk factors for prostate cancer (PCa). Emerging data suggest molecular subtypes of PCa, including two somatic genetic aberrations: fusions of androgen-regulated promoters with ERG and, separately, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) loss. We examined associations between family history and incidence of these subtypes in 44,126 men from the prospective Health Professionals Follow-up Study. ERG and PTEN status were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Multivariable competing risks models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between self-reported family history of PCa and molecular subtypes of disease. Thirteen percent of men had a positive family history of PCa at baseline. During a median follow-up of 18.5 years, 5,511 PCa cases were diagnosed. Among them, 888 were assayed for ERG status (47% ERG-positive) and 715 were assayed for PTEN loss (14% PTEN null). Family history was more strongly associated with risk of ERG-negative (HR: 2.15; 95% CI: 1.71-2.70) than ERG-positive (HR: 1.49; 95% CI: 1.13-1.95) disease (pheterogeneity : 0.04). The strongest difference was among men with an affected father (HRERG-negative : 2.09; 95% CI: 1.64-2.66; HRERG-positive : 1.30; 95% CI: 0.96-1.76; pheterogeneity : 0.01). Family history of PCa was positively associated with both PTEN null (HR: 2.10; 95% CI: 1.26-3.49) and PTEN intact (HR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.39-2.13) PCa (pheterogeneity : 0.47). Our results indicate that PCa family history may be positively associated with PCa in all ERG and PTEN subtypes, suggesting a role of genetic susceptibility in their development. It is possible that ERG-negative disease could be especially associated with positive family history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Hashim
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Tisch Cancer Institute, New York, NY
| | | | - Thomas U Ahearn
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Andreas Pettersson
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lauren Barber
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Claire H Pernar
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Ericka M Ebot
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Masis Isikbay
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Stephen P Finn
- Department of Histopathology, St. James's Hospital and Trinity College Dublin Medical School, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Rosina T Lis
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Massimo Loda
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Giovanni Parmigiani
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Tamara Lotan
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - Philip W Kantoff
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Lorelei A Mucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Rebecca E Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
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8
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Copy number alterations are associated with metastatic-lethal progression in prostate cancer. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2020; 23:494-506. [PMID: 32071439 DOI: 10.1038/s41391-020-0212-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Aside from Gleason score few factors accurately identify the subset of prostate cancer (PCa) patients at high risk for metastatic progression. We hypothesized that copy number alterations (CNAs), assessed using CpG methylation probes on Illumina Infinium® Human Methylation450 (HM450K) BeadChip arrays, could identify primary prostate tumors with potential to develop metastatic progression. METHODS Epigenome-wide DNA methylation profiling was performed in surgically resected primary tumor tissues from two cohorts of PCa patients with clinically localized disease who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP) as primary therapy and were followed prospectively for at least 5 years: (1) a Fred Hutchinson (FH) Cancer Research Center-based cohort (n = 323 patients); and (2) an Eastern Virginia (EV) Medical School-based cohort (n = 78 patients). CNAs were identified using the R package ChAMP. Metastasis was confirmed by positive bone scan, MRI, CT or biopsy, and death certificates confirmed cause of death. RESULTS We detected 15 recurrent CNAs were associated with metastasis in the FH cohort and replicated in the EV cohort (p < 0.05) without adjusting for Gleason score in the model. Eleven of the recurrent CNAs were associated with metastatic progression in the FH cohort and validated in the EV cohort (p < 0.05) when adjusting for Gleason score. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that CNAs can be reliably detected from HM450K-based DNA methylation data. There are 11 recurrent CNAs showing association with metastatic-lethal events following RP and improving prediction over Gleason score. Genes affected by these CNAs may functionally relate to tumor aggressiveness and metastatic progression.
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9
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Comprehensive Genomic Profiling of Androgen-Receptor-Negative Canine Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071555. [PMID: 30925701 PMCID: PMC6480132 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Canine carcinomas have been considered natural models for human diseases; however, the genomic profile of canine prostate cancers (PCs) has not been explored. In this study, 14 PC androgen-receptor-negative cases, 4 proliferative inflammatory atrophies (PIA), and 5 normal prostate tissues were investigated by array-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH). Copy number alterations (CNAs) were assessed using the Canine Genome CGH Microarray 4 × 44K (Agilent Technologies). Genes covered by recurrent CNAs were submitted to enrichment and cross-validation analysis. In addition, the expression levels of TP53, MDM2 and ZBTB4 were evaluated in an independent set of cases by qPCR. PC cases presented genomic complexity, while PIA samples had a small number of CNAs. Recurrent losses covering well-known tumor suppressor genes, such as ATM, BRCA1, CDH1, MEN1 and TP53, were found in PC. The in silico functional analysis showed several cancer-related genes associated with canonical pathways and interaction networks previously described in human PC. The MDM2, TP53, and ZBTB4 copy number alterations were translated into altered expression levels. A cross-validation analysis using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database for human PC uncovered similarities between canine and human PCs. Androgen-receptor-negative canine PC is a complex disease characterized by high genomic instability, showing a set of genes with similar alterations to human cancer.
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10
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Guan Y, Shi H, Xiao T. NUAK1 knockdown suppresses prostate cancer cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition, migration, and invasion through microRNA-30b-5p. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2018; 11:5694-5704. [PMID: 31949655 PMCID: PMC6963066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prostate cancer is one of the most diagnosed malignancies in men worldwide. Novel (nua) kinase family 1 (NUAK1) is a member of adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-related kinase which participates in varying cancers progression. However, the role of NUAK1 in prostate tumorigenesis has not been fully characterized. The aim of this study was to elucidate the potential biological role of NUAK1 in prostate cancer. METHODS Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to determine the expression levels of NUAK1 and microRNA-30b-5p (miRNA-30b-5p) in prostate cancer cell lines and samples. Western blot was conducted to explore the related protein levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and NUAK1 expression in prostate cancer cells. Trans-well test was used to assay prostate cancer cell migration and invasion. Luciferase assays were employed to probe the interaction between NUAK1 and miR-30b-5p. RESULTS NUAK1 abundance was enhanced in prostate cancer tissues and cell lines. The knockdown of NUAK1 may inhibit prostate cancer cells EMT, migration and invasion. Luciferase assays suggested NUAK1 was a target gene of miR-30b-5p. Furthermore, miR-30b-5p suppressed EMT, migration, and invasion in prostate cancer cells and introduction of NUAK1 abated the inhibitory effect. CONCLUSIONS Both of NUAK1 and miR-30b-5p were required for prostate cancer progression. NUAK1 interference limited prostate cancer cell EMT, migration and invasion by miRNA-30b-5p modulating, providing a promising therapeutic approach for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Guan
- Department of Urology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science China
| | - Hongbo Shi
- Department of Urology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science China
| | - Tianlin Xiao
- Department of Urology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science China
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11
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Gümrükcü G, Celik BO, Çalişkan S, Ökzara S, Koca O, Tosun C, Önenerk AM, Aker F. The positive immunostaining of TMPRSS2-ERG is not associated with unfavourable outcomes and biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy in Turkish patients. Cent European J Urol 2018; 71:276-279. [PMID: 30386647 PMCID: PMC6202621 DOI: 10.5173/ceju.2018.1708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer and a major significant health problem amongst men in the world. Radical prostatectomy with open, laparoscopic and robotic techniques is the gold standard treatment for localized and local advanced disease. There are some risk factors including gleason score, T stage and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level to predict the biochemical recurrence. We investigated the association with biochemical recurrence and TMPRSS2:ERG fusion in patients who were treated with open radical prostatectomy. Material and methods The expression of TMPRSS2:ERG was defined as positive (Group 1) and negative (Group 2). The positive staining of the patients is classified into three groups; weak positive, moderate positive and strong positive. In the statistical analyses; chi squared test and Mann Whitney U were used and p <0.05 was defined as statistical significance. Results The present study includes 87 patients, 32 and 55 patients were in group 1 and 2 respectively. The mean age of the patients was 62.81 +5.55 and 64.45 +5.18 in the groups without significant difference. Extraprostatic extension was reported in 27 patients; 11 of these patients were in group 1 and 16 patients were in group 2 (p = 0.60). Biochemical recurrence was detected in 15 patients. Of these patients, 5 were in group 1 and 10 were in group 2 (p = 0.76). Conclusions The current study found no association between TMPRSS2:ERG fusion and biochemical recurrence and unfavourable pathological results in Turkish patients. Further research including a large number of patients from different regions of Turkey is needed to investigate the ERG status and biochemical recurrence for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülistan Gümrükcü
- Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pathology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Burcu Onamay Celik
- Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pathology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Selahattin Çalişkan
- Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Training and Research Hospital, Department of Urology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Selvinaz Ökzara
- Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pathology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Orhan Koca
- Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Department of Urology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cağatay Tosun
- Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Department of Urology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayse Mine Önenerk
- Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pathology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fügen Aker
- Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pathology, Istanbul, Turkey
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12
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Martinez-Gonzalez LJ, Pascual Geler M, Robles Fernandez I, Cozar JM, Lorente JA, Alvarez Cubero MJ. Improving the genetic signature of prostate cancer, the somatic mutations. Urol Oncol 2018; 36:312.e17-312.e23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2018.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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13
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O'Bryant D, Wang Z. The essential role of WD repeat domain 77 in prostate tumor initiation induced by Pten loss. Oncogene 2018; 37:4151-4163. [PMID: 29706654 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0254-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy among men, but few genetic factors that drive prostate cancer initiation have been identified. The WD repeat domain 77 (Wdr77) protein is essential for cellular proliferation when localizes in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells at the early stage of prostate development. In the adult prostate, it is transported into the nucleus and functions as a co-regulator of the androgen receptor to promote cellular differentiation and prostate function. This developmental process is reversed during prostate tumorigenesis, i.e., Wdr77 is translocated from the nucleus into the cytoplasm to drive proliferation of prostate cancer cells. In this study, we used in vivo genetic studies to further investigate the role of Wdr77 in prostate tumorigenesis. We found that prostate-specific deletion of Wdr77 abolished prostate tumor initiation induced by loss of the tumor suppressor Pten. Mechanistically, Wdr77 ablation inhibited E2F3 activation and enhanced TGFβ signaling, leading to attenuated cellular proliferation induced by loss of Pten. These findings establish a critical role of Wdr77 for prostate tumor initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deon O'Bryant
- Department of Biological Sciences, The Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, 30314, USA
| | - Zhengxin Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, The Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, 30314, USA.
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14
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Nowinski S, Santaolalla A, O'Leary B, Loda M, Mirchandani A, Emberton M, Van Hemelrijck M, Grigoriadis A. Systematic identification of functionally relevant risk alleles to stratify aggressive versus indolent prostate cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 9:12812-12824. [PMID: 29560112 PMCID: PMC5849176 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel approaches for classification, including molecular features, are needed to direct therapy for men with low-grade prostate cancer (PCa), especially men on active surveillance. Risk alleles identified from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) could improve prognostication. Those risk alleles that coincided with genes and somatic copy number aberrations associated with progression of PCa were selected as the most relevant for prognostication. In a systematic literature review, a total of 698 studies were collated. Fifty-three unique SNPs residing in 29 genomic regions, including 8q24, 10q11 and 19q13, were associated with PCa progression. Functional studies implicated 21 of these single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as modulating the expression of genes in the androgen receptor pathway and several other oncogenes. In particular, 8q24, encompassing MYC, harbours a high density of SNPs conferring unfavourable pathological characteristics in low-grade PCa, while a copy number gain of MYC in low-grade PCa was associated with prostate-specific antigen recurrence after radical prostatectomy. By combining GWAS data with gene expression and structural rearrangements, risk alleles were identified that could provide a new basis for developing a prognostication tool to guide therapy for men with early prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salpie Nowinski
- Cancer Bioinformatics, Innovation Hub, Guy's Cancer Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Aida Santaolalla
- Translational Oncology & Urology Research, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ben O'Leary
- Breast Cancer NOW Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - Massimo Loda
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ayesha Mirchandani
- Cancer Bioinformatics, Innovation Hub, Guy's Cancer Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Mark Emberton
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Anita Grigoriadis
- Cancer Bioinformatics, Innovation Hub, Guy's Cancer Centre, King's College London, London, UK
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15
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Erlandsson A, Carlsson J, Andersson SO, Vyas C, Wikström P, Andrén O, Davidsson S, Rider JR. High inducible nitric oxide synthase in prostate tumor epithelium is associated with lethal prostate cancer. Scand J Urol 2018; 52:129-133. [PMID: 29307261 DOI: 10.1080/21681805.2017.1421261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the role of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in lethal prostate cancer (PCa) by studying the iNOS immunoreactivity in tumor tissue from men diagnosed with localized PCa. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study is nested within a cohort of men diagnosed with incidental PCa undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate (the Swedish Watchful Waiting Cohort). To investigate molecular determinants of lethal PCa, men who died from PCa (n = 132) were selected as cases; controls (n = 168) comprised men with PCa who survived for at least 10 years without dying from PCa during follow-up. The immunoreactivity of iNOS in prostate tumor epithelial cells and in cells of the surrounding stroma was scored as low/negative, moderate or high. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for lethal PCa according to iNOS category. RESULTS There was no association between iNOS immunoreactivity in stroma and lethal disease. However, when comparing high versus low/negative iNOS immunoreactivity in epithelial cells, the OR for lethal PCa was 3.80 (95% CI 1.45-9.97). CONCLUSION Patients with localized PCa have variable outcomes, especially those with moderately differentiated tumors. Identifying factors associated with long-term PCa outcomes can elucidate PCa tumor biology and identify new candidate prognostic markers. These findings support the hypothesis that high iNOS in tumor epithelium of the prostate is associated with lethal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Erlandsson
- a Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health , Örebro University , Örebro , Sweden.,c Department of Environmental and Life Sciences/Biology , Karlstad University , Karlstad , Sweden
| | - Jessica Carlsson
- a Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health , Örebro University , Örebro , Sweden
| | - Sven-Olof Andersson
- a Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health , Örebro University , Örebro , Sweden
| | - Chraig Vyas
- b Department of Epidemiology , Boston University School of Public Health , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Pernilla Wikström
- d Department of Medical Biosciences , Umeå University , Umeå , Sweden
| | - Ove Andrén
- a Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health , Örebro University , Örebro , Sweden
| | - Sabina Davidsson
- a Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health , Örebro University , Örebro , Sweden
| | - Jennifer R Rider
- b Department of Epidemiology , Boston University School of Public Health , Boston , MA , USA
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Abstract
Unprecedented progress has been made in genomic personalized medicine in the last several years, allowing for more individualized healthcare assessments and recommendations than ever before. However, most of this progress in prostate cancer (PCa) care has focused on developing and selecting therapies for late-stage disease. To address this issue of limited focus, we propose a model for incorporating genomic-based personalized medicine into all levels of PCa care, from prevention and screening to diagnosis, and ultimately to the treatment of both early-stage and late-stage cancers. We have termed this strategy the "Pyramid Model" of personalized cancer care. In this perspective paper, our objective is to demonstrate the potential application of the Pyramid Model to PCa care. This proactive and comprehensive personalized cancer care approach has the potential to achieve three important medical goals: reducing mortality, improving quality of life and decreasing both individual and societal healthcare costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly A Conran
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, 1001 University Place, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
| | - Charles B Brendler
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, 1001 University Place, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, 1001 University Place, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
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17
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Liu W, Xu J. Translation of genomics and epigenomics in prostate cancer: progress and promising directions. Asian J Androl 2016; 18:503-4. [PMID: 27270344 PMCID: PMC4955169 DOI: 10.4103/1008-682x.182820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
During the last several years, exciting discoveries have been made in prostate cancer (PCa) as a result of significant advances in genomic technology and information. For example, using genome-wide association studies, more than 100 inherited genetic variants associated with PCa risk have been identified. Similarly, with the use of next-generation sequencing, various types of recurrent somatic DNA alterations in prostate tumors have been revealed. Some of these discoveries have potential clinical application to supplement existing tools for better decision-making regarding the need for screening, biopsy, and treatment of PCa. However, because of the complexity of these genomic findings and incomplete understanding of the genetics of this multifactorial disease, this potential has not yet been fully realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wennuan Liu
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, Program for Personalized Cancer Care, 1001 University Place, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, Program for Personalized Cancer Care, 1001 University Place, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
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