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Wang J, Dong C, Zhang YZ, Wang L, Yuan X, He M, Xu S, Zhou Q, Jiang J. A novel approach to quantify calcifications of thyroid nodules in US images based on deep learning: predicting the risk of cervical lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid cancer patients. Eur Radiol 2023; 33:9347-9356. [PMID: 37436509 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-09909-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Based on ultrasound (US) images, this study aimed to detect and quantify calcifications of thyroid nodules, which are regarded as one of the most important features in US diagnosis of thyroid cancer, and to further investigate the value of US calcifications in predicting the risk of lymph node metastasis (LNM) in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). METHODS Based on the DeepLabv3+ networks, 2992 thyroid nodules in US images were used to train a model to detect thyroid nodules, of which 998 were used to train a model to detect and quantify calcifications. A total of 225 and 146 thyroid nodules obtained from two centers, respectively, were used to test the performance of these models. A logistic regression method was used to construct the predictive models for LNM in PTCs. RESULTS Calcifications detected by the network model and experienced radiologists had an agreement degree of above 90%. The novel quantitative parameters of US calcification defined in this study showed a significant difference between PTC patients with and without cervical LNM (p < 0.05). The calcification parameters were beneficial to predicting the LNM risk in PTC patients. The LNM prediction model using these calcification parameters combined with patient age and other US nodular features showed a higher specificity and accuracy than the calcification parameters alone. CONCLUSIONS Our models not only detect the calcifications automatically, but also have value in predicting cervical LNM risk of PTC patients, thereby making it possible to investigate the relationship between calcifications and highly invasive PTC in detail. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT Due to the high association of US microcalcifications with thyroid cancers, our model will contribute to the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules in daily practice. KEY POINTS • We developed an ML-based network model for automatically detecting and quantifying calcifications within thyroid nodules in US images. • Three novel parameters for quantifying US calcifications were defined and verified. • These US calcification parameters showed value in predicting the risk of cervical LNM in PTC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Caixia Dong
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Yao-Zhong Zhang
- The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Shirokanedai 4-6-1, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Lirong Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Xin Yuan
- Department of Ultrasound, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Meiqing He
- Department of Ultrasound, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Songhua Xu
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China.
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of Ultrasound, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China.
| | - Jue Jiang
- Department of Ultrasound, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China.
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Analysis of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Value and Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging Parameters of Prostate Cancer Patients after Diagnosis and Treatment with Magnetic Resonance Imaging. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:3111054. [PMID: 35785146 PMCID: PMC9246578 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3111054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This research was aimed at exploring the changes in the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) parameters of prostate cancer (PCa) patients. Sixty PCa patients from the hospital were recruited as the research object, and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) scans were performed to determine the shape, scope, and enhancement characteristics of prostate lesions and their relationship with surrounding tissues. The quantitative parameters of ADC and DCE-MRI were measured. There were 4 patients (6.67%) with a Gleason score of 6 and 15 patients (25%) with a 4 + 3 score. The ADC with Gleason = 6 is 0.81 ± 0.08 × 10−3 s/mm2, the ADC with Gleason = 3 + 4 is 0.74 ± 0.07 × 10−3 s/mm2, the ADC with Gleason = 4 + 3 is 0.73 ± 0.05 × 10−3 s/mm2, the ADC with Gleason = 9 is 0.65 ± 0.06 × 10−3 s/mm2, and the ADC with Gleason = 10 is 0.59 ± 0.07 × 10−3 s/mm2. As the Gleason score increased, the ADC decreased and the permeation parameter transfer constant increased. When the ADC was combined with the permeability parameter transfer constant, the AUC of Gleason = 6 points and Gleason = 7 points was greatly different (P < 0.05). The 95% CI of the ADC combined permeability parameter transport constant when Gleason = 6 points and Gleason = 7 points was 0.898-0.934, the sensitivity was 75.4%, and the specificity was 86.2%. The ADC value was negatively correlated with Gleason score. The ADC value combined with VTC value has good diagnostic performance in evaluating the invasion of PCa, which is very important for making treatment plan and evaluating prognosis.
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Guo H, Jia X, Liu H. Based on biomedical index data: Risk prediction model for prostate cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e25602. [PMID: 33907111 PMCID: PMC8084031 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000025602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT To explore the influencing factors of prostate cancer occurrence, set up risk prediction model, require reference for the preliminary diagnosis of clinical doctors, this model searched database through the data of prostate cancer patients and prostate hyperplasia patients National Clinical Medical Science Data Center.With the help of Stata SE 12.0 and SPSS 25.0 software, the biases between groups were balanced by propensity score matching. Based on the matched data, the relevant factors were further screened by stepwise logistic regression analysis, the key variable and artificial neural network model are established. The prediction accuracy of the model is evaluated by combining the probability of test set with the area under receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC).After 1:2 PSM, 339 pairs were matched successfully. There are 159 cases in testing groups and 407 cases in training groups. And the regression model was P = 1 / (1 + e (0.122 ∗ age + 0.083 ∗ Apo lipoprotein C3 + 0.371 ∗ total prostate specific antigen (tPSA) -0.227 ∗ Apo lipoprotein C2-6.093 ∗ free calcium (iCa) + 0.428 ∗ Apo lipoprotein E-1.246 ∗ triglyceride-1.919 ∗ HDL cholesterol + 0.083 ∗ creatine kinase isoenzyme [CKMB])). The logistic regression model performed very well (ROC, 0.963; 95% confidence interval, 0.951 to 0.978) and artificial neural network model (ROC, 0.983; 95% confidence interval, 0.964 to 0.997). High degree of Apo lipoprotein E (Apo E) (Odds Ratio, [OR], 1.535) in blood test is a risk factor and high triglyceride (TG) (OR, 0.288) is a protective factor.It takes the biochemical examination of the case as variables to establish a risk prediction model, which can initially reflect the risk of prostate cancer and bring some references for diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxu Guo
- School of Clinical Medicine, Bengbu Medical College
| | - Xianjie Jia
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Biochemical Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Bengbu, China
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Value of High-resolution MRI in Detecting Lymph Node Calcifications in Patients with Rectal Cancer. Acad Radiol 2020; 27:1709-1717. [PMID: 32035757 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2020.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES To analyze CT and high-resolution MRI findings of nodal metastasis calcifications and determine the value of high-resolution MRI in detecting nodal calcifications in rectal cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS In total, 229 rectal cancer patients were included. The CT was reviewed for the presence of nodal calcifications by two radiologists. High-resolution two-dimensional turbo spin-echo T2-weighted imaging (2D-TSE-T2WI) and fat-suppressed gadolinium-enhanced isotropic high-resolution three-dimensional gradient-echo T1-weighted imaging (3D-GRE-T1WI) were independently reviewed for nodal calcifications by the two radiologists at one-month and two-month intervals, respectively. The sensitivities, specificities and accuracies of the two high-resolution MRI in detecting nodal calcifications were calculated using CT results as a reference. RESULTS Regional calcified metastatic lymph nodes were found in 28 patients. The node-to-node evaluation revealed that 55 (98.2%) of the 56 calcified lymph nodes were metastatic. Fifty-one (92.7%) calcified metastatic lymph nodes displayed scattered fine punctate calcifications to different degrees on CT. In both types of high-resolution MRI, the calcifications demonstrated a patchy area of markedly reduced signal intensity in corresponding areas that were larger than those on CT. The sensitivity and accuracy of fat-suppressed gadolinium-enhanced isotropic high-resolution 3D-GRE-T1WI were significantly higher than those of high-resolution 2D-TSE-T2WI (76.8% vs 58.9%, P = 0.013; 98.3% vs 97.9%, P = 0.007; respectively). CONCLUSION Metastatic nodal calcifications are characteristic imaging findings in rectal cancer. Calcifications are indicated by markedly reduced signal on high-resolution MRI, which will alert radiologists to scrutinize CT for nodal calcifications and aid in the accurate diagnosis of metastatic lymph nodes.
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Jiang W, Fang H, Liu F, Zhou X, Zhao H, He X, Guo D. PEG-coated and Gd-loaded fluorescent silica nanoparticles for targeted prostate cancer magnetic resonance imaging and fluorescence imaging. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:5611-5622. [PMID: 31413566 PMCID: PMC6662520 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s207098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Multimodal imaging probes have become a powerful tool for improving detection sensitivity and accuracy, which are important in disease diagnosis and treatment. Methods: In this study, novel bifunctional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/fluorescence probes were prepared by loading gadodiamide into fluorescent silica nanoparticles (NPs) (Gd@Cy5.5@SiO2-PEG-Ab NPs) for targeting of prostate cancer (PCa). The physicochemical characteristics, biosafety and PCa cell targeting ability of the Gd@Cy5.5@SiO2-PEG-Ab NPs were studied in vitro and in vivo. Results: The Gd@Cy5.5@SiO2-PEG-Ab NPs had a spherical morphology with a relatively uniform size distribution and demonstrated high efficiency for Gd loading. In vitro and in vivo cell-targeting experiments demonstrated a high potential for the synthesized NPs to target prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) receptor-positive PCa cells, enabling MRI and fluorescence imaging. In vitro cytotoxicity assays and in vivo hematological and pathological assays showed that the prepared NPs exhibited good biological safety. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that the synthesized Gd@Cy5.5@SiO2-PEG-Ab NPs have great potential as MRI/fluorescence contrast agents for specific identification of PSMA receptor-positive PCa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiying Fang
- Department of Breast Diseases, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing Cancer Institute and Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengqiu Liu
- Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Zhou
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyun Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing He
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Dajing Guo
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, People's Republic of China
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Huang QX, Xiao CT, Chen Z, Lu MH, Pang J, Di JM, Luo ZH, Gao X. Combined analysis of CRMP4 methylation levels and CAPRA-S score predicts metastasis and outcomes in prostate cancer patients. Asian J Androl 2019; 20:56-61. [PMID: 28382925 PMCID: PMC5753555 DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_3_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study analyzed the predictive value of combined analysis of collapsin response mediator protein 4 (CRMP4) methylation levels and the Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment (CAPRA-S) Postsurgical score of patients who required adjuvant hormone therapy (AHT) after radical prostatectomy (RP). We retrospectively analyzed 305 patients with prostate cancer (PCa) who received RP and subsequent androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Two hundred and thirty patients with clinically high-risk PCa underwent immediate ADT, and 75 patients with intermediate risk PCa underwent deferred ADT. CRMP4 methylation levels in biopsies were determined, and CAPRA-S scores were calculated. In the deferred ADT group, the values of the hazard ratios for tumor progression and cancer-specific mortality (CSM) in patients with ≥15% CRMP4 methylation were 6.81 (95% CI: 2.34–19.80) and 12.83 (95% CI: 2.16–26.10), respectively. Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that CRMP4 methylation levels ≥15% served as a significant prognostic marker of tumor progression and CSM. In the immediate ADT group, CAPRA-S scores ≥6 and CRMP4 methylation levels ≥15% were independent predictors of these outcomes (uni- and multi-variable Cox regression analyses). The differences in the 5-year progression-free survival between each combination were statistically significant. Combining CAPRA-S score and CRMP4 methylation levels improved the area under the curve compared with the CRMP4 or CAPRA-S model. Therefore, CRMP4 methylation levels ≥15% were significantly associated with a poor prognosis and their combination with CAPRA-S score accurately predicted tumor progression and metastasis for patients requiring AHT after RP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun-Xiong Huang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Chu-Tian Xiao
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Min-Hua Lu
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Jun Pang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Jin-Ming Di
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Zi-Huan Luo
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
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Kan H, Eguchi Y, Tsuchiya T, Kondo T, Kitagawa Y, Mekata Y, Fukuma H, Yoshida R, Kasai H, Kunitomo H, Hirose Y, Shibamoto Y. Geometric discrepancy of image-guided radiation therapy in patients with prostate cancer without implanted fiducial markers using a commercial pseudo-CT generation method. Phys Med Biol 2019; 64:06NT01. [DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ab02cc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Diagnostic performance of susceptibility-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for the detection of calcifications: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15506. [PMID: 29138506 PMCID: PMC5686169 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15860-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Since its introduction, susceptibility-weighted-magnetic resonance imaging (SW-MRI) has shown the potential to overcome the insensitivity of MRI to calcification. Previous studies reporting the diagnostic performance of SW-MRI and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the detection of calcifications are inconsistent and based on single-institution designs. To our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis on SW-MRI, determining the potential of SW-MRI to detect calcifications. Two independent investigators searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and Web of Science for eligible diagnostic accuracy studies, which were published until March 24, 2017 and investigated the accuracy of SW-MRI to detect calcifications, using computed tomography (CT) as a reference. The QUADAS-2 tool was used to assess study quality and methods for analysis were based on PRISMA. A bivariate diagnostic random-effects model was applied to obtain pooled sensitivities and specificities. Out of the 4629 studies retrieved by systematic literature search, 12 clinical studies with 962 patients and a total of 1,032 calcifications were included. Pooled sensitivity was 86.5% (95%-confidence interval (CI): 73.6–93.7%) for SW-MRI and 36.7% (95%–CI:29.2–44.8%) for standard MRI. Pooled specificities of SW-MRI (90.8%; 95%–CI:81.0–95.8%) and standard MRI (94.2; 95%–CI:88.9–96.7%) were comparable. Results of the present meta-analysis suggest, that SW-MRI is a reliable method for detecting calcifications in soft tissues.
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