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Sevilla F, Soler C, Araya-Zúñiga I, Barquero V, Roldan ERS, Valverde A. Are There Differences between Methods Used for the Objective Estimation of Boar Sperm Concentration and Motility? Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13101622. [PMID: 37238052 DOI: 10.3390/ani13101622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Artificial insemination in the swine industry, as in other species, demands adequate semen handling and accurate evaluation for the preparation of seminal doses. Sperm concentration and motility estimates are part of the semen evaluation process and are considered important for maximizing the yield of doses for insemination. In this study, methods were examined for their accuracy in the estimation of boar sperm concentration and motility. Assessments of sperm concentration were carried out using iSperm®, ISAS® v1, Open CASA v2, and the Accuread® photometer. Analyses of sperm motility were performed with iSperm®, ISAS® v1, and Open CASA v2 systems. In this study, boar semen samples were collected from 10 healthy males from two genetic lines. There were no relevant differences between sire lines when sperm concentration was assessed. A Bayesian analysis was applied to the four methods used to assess sperm concentration to examine whether there are relevant differences between them. Results suggested differences in the four methods, with a probability of relevance (PR) of 0.86-1.00. The iSperm® method revealed higher concentration values within the highest posterior density region at 95% confidence interval (HPD95%) = 167.0, 224.2 M/mL, whereas Open CASA v2 showed the lowest values, with HPD95% = 99.3, 155.9 M/mL. The iSperm® demonstrated higher reliability in measuring sperm concentration compared to other methods or devices within the given range of confidence. ANOVAs revealed relevant differences in the three methods of motility estimation. Overall, differences in boar sperm concentration and motility estimates were found using various methods, but further studies are needed for better characterization of these differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Sevilla
- Costa Rica Institute of Technology, School of Agronomy, San Carlos Campus, Alajuela 223-21002, Costa Rica
- Costa Rica Institute of Technology, Doctorate in Natural Sciences for Development (DOCINADE), San Carlos Campus, Alajuela 223-21002, Costa Rica
| | - Carles Soler
- Department of Cellular Biology, Functional Biology and Physical Anthropology, Campus Burjassot, University of Valencia, C/Dr Moliner, 50, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Ignacio Araya-Zúñiga
- Costa Rica Institute of Technology, School of Agronomy, San Carlos Campus, Alajuela 223-21002, Costa Rica
| | - Vinicio Barquero
- Faculty of Agri-Food Sciences, Alfredo Volio Mata Experimental Station, University of Costa Rica, Cartago 11501-2060, Costa Rica
| | - Eduardo R S Roldan
- Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, National Museum of Natural Sciences, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Anthony Valverde
- Costa Rica Institute of Technology, School of Agronomy, San Carlos Campus, Alajuela 223-21002, Costa Rica
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Gacem S, Valverde A, Catalán J, Yánez Ortiz I, Soler C, Miró J. A New Approach of Sperm Motility Subpopulation Structure in Donkey and Horse. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:651477. [PMID: 34113670 PMCID: PMC8186528 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.651477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize the sperm kinematic values with high frames per second, to define the subpopulation structure of a horse and a donkey and compare them. A total of 57 fresh semen ejaculates (26 Spanish and 16 Arabian horse breeds and 10 donkeys) were collected and subsequently analyzed for kinematic parameters using the Computer-aided sperm motility analysis ISAS®v1.2 system and using a Spermtrack® 10-μm depth counting chamber. Sequences were recorded at 250 frames per second, and eight kinematic parameters were automatically evaluated. All kinematic parameters showed significant differences between a donkey and a horse and between horse breeds. All ejaculates evaluated showed excellent semen motility characteristics, with significantly higher values for all kinematic parameters for donkeys compared with horses except for beat-cross frequency. Donkey sperm was faster and linear than the horse. Regarding horse breeds differences, the Spanish horse had higher average path velocity, curvilinear velocity, and beat-cross frequency compared with the Arabian horse. Spanish horse sperm was rapid, but Arab horse was more linear. The principal component analysis showed three sperm subpopulations in the ejaculate of donkeys and horses with a significantly different motility characteristic between them. The dominant subpopulation for both donkey and horse was for rapid, straight, and linear with a high beat sperm (38.2 and 41.7%, respectively), whereas the lowest subpopulation was for the slowest and non-linear sperms. This, plus slight differences in the distribution of these subpopulations between Arabian and Spanish horses, were found. In conclusion, higher frames permitted to have a new interpretation of motile subpopulations with species and breed differences. More so, future works on donkey and horse breed spermatozoa should take into account differences between breeds that may interfere and alter the real analysis performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Gacem
- Equine Reproduction Service, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery Veterinary Faculty, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Anthony Valverde
- Costa Rica Institute of Technology, School of Agronomy, Alajuela, Costa Rica
| | - Jaime Catalán
- Equine Reproduction Service, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery Veterinary Faculty, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Iván Yánez Ortiz
- Equine Reproduction Service, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery Veterinary Faculty, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Carles Soler
- Universitat de València, Departamento de Biología Celular, Biología Funcional y Antropología Física, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jordi Miró
- Equine Reproduction Service, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery Veterinary Faculty, Catalonia, Spain
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Predictive Capacity of Boar Sperm Morphometry and Morphometric Sub-Populations on Reproductive Success after Artificial Insemination. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11040920. [PMID: 33805060 PMCID: PMC8064074 DOI: 10.3390/ani11040920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The efficiency of swine production measured as litter size influences the profitability of the pig industry. Furthermore, sow fertility potential depends in part on the boar semen quality and reproductive efficiency. The objective of this study is to compare boar sperm head size and morphometric features of shape to evaluate their relationships with reproductive success after artificial insemination (AI). A morphometric analysis of boar ejaculate reveals morphometrically separate sub-populations. The differences between sub-populations are displayed for sperm head size. In addition, sperm clustering into sub-populations did not have a predictive capacity on litter size variables. Nevertheless, the morphometric variables of the sperm may have a predictive, albeit reduced, capacity regarding litter size variables. The results of this study therefore open up possibilities for future assessments of fertility. Abstract The aim of the study was to compare the morphometric features of sperm head size and shape from the Pietrain line and the Duroc × Pietrain boar crossbred terminal lines, and to evaluate their relationship with reproductive success after artificial insemination of sows produced from crossbreeding the York, Landrace and Pietrain breeds. Semen samples were collected from 11 sexually mature boars. Only ejaculates with greater than 70% motility rate and <15% of abnormal sperm were used for artificial inseminations (AI) and included in the study. Samples were analyzed using an ISAS®v1 computer-assisted sperm analysis system for eight morphometric parameters of head shape and size (CASA-Morph). Sub-populations of morphometric ejaculates were characterized using multivariate procedures, such as principal component (PC) analysis and clustering methods (k-means model). Four different ejaculate sub-populations were identified from two PCs that involved the head shape and size of the spermatozoa. The discriminant ability of the different morphometric sperm variables to predict sow litter size was analyzed using a receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis. Sperm head length, ellipticity, elongation, and regularity showed significant predictive capacity on litter size (0.59, 0.59, 0.60, and 0.56 area under curve (AUC), respectively). The morphometric sperm sub-populations were not related to sow litter size.
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García-Molina A, Valverde A, Bompart D, Caldeira C, Vendrell A, Soler C. Updating semen analysis: a subpopulation approach. Asian J Androl 2020; 22:118-119. [PMID: 31169137 PMCID: PMC6958980 DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_33_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Almudena García-Molina
- Proiser R+D S.L., Scientific Park, Universitat de Valθncia, Paterna 46980, Valencia, Spain
| | - Anthony Valverde
- Department of Functional Biology and Physical Anthropology, University of Valencia, Burjassot 46100, Valencia, Spain.,Technological Institute of Costa Rica, San Carlos Campus, School of Agronomy, Alajuela 223-21001, Costa Rica
| | - Daznia Bompart
- Proiser R+D S.L., Scientific Park, Universitat de Valθncia, Paterna 46980, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carina Caldeira
- Proiser R+D S.L., Scientific Park, Universitat de Valθncia, Paterna 46980, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alberto Vendrell
- Department of Functional Biology and Physical Anthropology, University of Valencia, Burjassot 46100, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carles Soler
- Proiser R+D S.L., Scientific Park, Universitat de Valθncia, Paterna 46980, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Functional Biology and Physical Anthropology, University of Valencia, Burjassot 46100, Valencia, Spain
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Oseguera-López I, Ruiz-Díaz S, Ramos-Ibeas P, Pérez-Cerezales S. Novel Techniques of Sperm Selection for Improving IVF and ICSI Outcomes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:298. [PMID: 31850340 PMCID: PMC6896825 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Almost 50% of the infertility cases are due to male factors. Assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) allow to overcome the incapacity of these patients' spermatozoa to fertilize the oocyte and produce a viable and healthy offspring, but the efficiency of the different techniques has still the potential to improve. According to the latest reports of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of the United States (CDC), the percentages of deliveries per ART cycle in 2014 and 2016 were 21 and 22%, respectively. Among the reasons for this relatively low efficiency, the quality of the spermatozoa has been pointed out as critical, and the presence of high percentages of DNA-damaged spermatozoa in patients' ejaculates is possibly one of the main factors reducing the ARTs outcomes. Thus, one of the main challenges in reproductive medicine is to ensure the highest quality of the spermatozoa used in ARTs, and specifically, in terms of genetic integrity. The latest techniques for the preparation and selection of human spermatozoa are herein discussed focusing on those proven to improve one or several of the following parameters: sperm genetic integrity, fertilization capacity, embryo production, and in vitro survival, as well as pregnancy and delivery rates following in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). In addition, we discuss the potential of techniques developed in non-human mammals that could be further transferred to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Ruiz-Díaz
- Mistral Fertility Clinics S.L., Clínica Tambre, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Priscila Ramos-Ibeas
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Serafín Pérez-Cerezales
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Madrid, Spain
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Soler C, Cooper TG, Valverde A, Yániz JL. Afterword to Sperm morphometrics today and tomorrow special issue in Asian Journal of Andrology. Asian J Androl 2017; 18:895-897. [PMID: 27751989 PMCID: PMC5109882 DOI: 10.4103/1008-682x.188451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carles Soler
- Department of Functional Biology and Physical Anthropology, University of València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain.,Department of R+D, Proiser R+D, Science Park, University of València, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | | | - Anthony Valverde
- Department of Animal Production and Food Science, Higher Polytechnic School of Huesca, University of Zaragoza, Ctra. Cuarte S/N 22071 Huesca, Spain
| | - Jesús L Yániz
- Department of Animal Production and Food Science, Higher Polytechnic School of Huesca, University of Zaragoza, Ctra. Cuarte S/N 22071 Huesca, Spain
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Valverde A, Arenán H, Sancho M, Contell J, Yániz J, Fernández A, Soler C. Morphometry and subpopulation structure of Holstein bull spermatozoa: variations in ejaculates and cryopreservation straws. Asian J Androl 2016; 18:851-857. [PMID: 27678464 PMCID: PMC5109875 DOI: 10.4103/1008-682x.187579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Sperm quality is evaluated for the calculation of sperm dosage in artificial reproductive programs. The most common parameter used is motility, but morphology has a higher potential as a predictor of genetic quality. Morphometry calculations from CASA-Morph technology improve morphological evaluation and allow mathematical approaches to the problem. Semen from 28 Holstein bulls was collected by artificial vagina, and several ejaculates were studied. After general evaluation, samples were diluted, packaged in 0.25 ml straws, and stored in liquid nitrogen. Two straws per sample were thawed, and slides were processed and stained with Diff-Quik. Samples were analyzed by a CASA-Morph system for eight morphometric parameters. In addition to the "classical" statistical approach, based on variance analysis (revealing differences between animals, ejaculates, and straws), principal component (PC) analysis showed that the variables were grouped into PC1, related to size, and PC2 to shape. Subpopulation structure analysis showed four groups, namely, big, small, short, and narrow from their dominant characteristics, representing 31.0%, 27.3%, 24.1%, and 17.7% of the total population, respectively. The distributions varied between animals and ejaculates, but between straws, there were no differences in only four animals. This modern approach of considering an ejaculate sperm population as divided into subpopulations reflecting quantifiable parameters generated by CASA-Morph systems technology opens a new view on sperm function. This is the first study applying this approach to evaluate different ejaculates and straws from the same individual. More work must be done to improve seminal dose calculations in assisted reproductive programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Valverde
- Technological Institute of Costa Rica, San Carlos Campus, School of Agronomy, 223-21001 Alajuela, Costa Rica
| | - Héctor Arenán
- Xenética Fontao, Fontao-Esperante, 27210 Lugo, Spain
| | - María Sancho
- R+D Department, Proiser R+D, Scientific Park, University of València, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Jesús Contell
- R+D Department, Proiser R+D, Scientific Park, University of València, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Jesús Yániz
- Department of Animal Production and Food Science, Politechnical School of Huesca, University of Zaragoza, 22071 Huesca, Spain
| | | | - Carles Soler
- R+D Department, Proiser R+D, Scientific Park, University of València, 46980 Paterna, Spain
- Department of Functional Biology and Physical Anthropology, University of València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
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