1
|
Lundtorp-Olsen C, Markvart M, Twetman S, Belstrøm D. Effect of Probiotic Supplements on the Oral Microbiota-A Narrative Review. Pathogens 2024; 13:419. [PMID: 38787271 PMCID: PMC11124442 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13050419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Data from systematic reviews and meta-analyses show that probiotics positively impact clinical parameters of oral diseases such as gingivitis, dental caries, and periodontitis. However, the working mechanism of probiotics is not fully understood, but is hypothesized to be mediated by direct and indirect interactions with the oral microbiota and the human host. In the present narrative review, we focused on the microbiological effect of probiotic supplements based on data retrieved from randomized clinical trials (RCTs). In addition, we assessed to what extent contemporary molecular methods have been employed in clinical trials in the field of oral probiotics. Multiple RCTs have been performed studying the potential effect of probiotics on gingivitis, dental caries, and periodontitis, as evaluated by microbial endpoints. In general, results are conflicting, with some studies reporting a positive effect, whereas others are not able to record any effect. Major differences in terms of study designs and sample size, as well as delivery route, frequency, and duration of probiotic consumption, hamper comparison across studies. In addition, most RCTs have been performed with a limited sample size using relatively simple methods for microbial identification, such as culturing, qPCR, and DNA-DNA checkerboard, while high-throughput methods such as 16S sequencing have only been employed in a few studies. Currently, state-of-the-art molecular methods such as metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, and metaproteomics have not yet been used in RCTs in the field of probiotics. The present narrative review revealed that the effect of probiotic supplements on the oral microbiota remains largely uncovered. One important reason is that most RCTs are performed without studying the microbiological effect. To facilitate future systematic reviews and meta-analyses, an internationally agreed core outcome set for the reporting of microbial endpoints in clinical trials would be desirable. Such a standardized collection of outcomes would most likely improve the quality of probiotic research in the oral context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Daniel Belstrøm
- Department of Odontology, Section for Clinical Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (C.L.-O.); (M.M.); (S.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bansal K, Shamoo A, Atif M, Batra P, Chaudhry R. Isolation and detection of bacterial species on mitis salivarius bacitracin agar from the plaque samples of caries active children. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2024; 42:15-21. [PMID: 38616422 DOI: 10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_17_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In cariology studies, mitis-salivarius-bacitracin (MSB) agar has been commonly considered as the selective medium for Streptococcusmutans growth. The present study was the part of a funded project (a noninferiority randomized controlled trial) which compared the efficacy of a plant extract-based mouth rinse with that of a fluoride mouth rinse on the S.mutans counts of the children. AIM This study aimed to identify the frequency of detection of S.mutans and nonstreptococcal bacterial species from the dental plaque of caries active children using a combined technique of anaerobic culture and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. SETTINGS AND METHODS Caries-active children (8-12 years old) were enrolled from a pediatric dental outpatient department at a tertiary care hospital. From each participant, dental plaque samples were collected from carious surfaces under sterilized conditions and then subjected to anaerobic culture. After 48 h of incubation, the bacterial colonies were isolated by sub-culture and identified by the MALDI-TOF. RESULTS In all, 13 different bacterial species were isolated from the MSB agar medium. Other than S.mutans species, colonies of bacterial species such as Veillonelladispar,Streptococcusanginosus, Veillonellaparvula, and Streptococcusgordonii were also frequently observed from the medium. CONCLUSIONS The study concluded that several bacterial strains, both streptococcal and nonstreptococcal, could be isolated from the MSB agar medium; hence, this medium should no longer be considered selective medium for the culture of S.mutans in clinical and epidemiological studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kalpana Bansal
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Azeema Shamoo
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, Ulster University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammad Atif
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Priyam Batra
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rama Chaudhry
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tu WC, McManamen AM, Su X, Jeacopello I, Takezawa MG, Hieber DL, Hassan GW, Lee UN, Anana EV, Locknane MP, Stephenson MW, Shinkawa VAM, Wald ER, DeMuri GP, Adams KN, Berthier E, Thongpang S, Theberge AB. At-Home Saliva Sampling in Healthy Adults Using CandyCollect, a Lollipop-Inspired Device. Anal Chem 2023; 95:10211-10220. [PMID: 37364037 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c00462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory infections are common in children, and there is a need for user-friendly collection methods. Here, we performed the first human subjects study using the CandyCollect device, a lollipop-inspired saliva collection device .We showed that the CandyCollect device can be used to collect salivary bacteria from healthy adults using Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus as proof-of-concept commensal bacteria. We enrolled healthy adults in a nationwide (USA) remote study in which participants were sent study packages containing CandyCollect devices and traditional commercially available oral swabs and spit tubes. Participants sampled themselves at home, completed usability and user preference surveys, and mailed the samples back to our laboratory for analysis by qPCR. Our results showed that for participants in which a given bacterium (S. mutans or S. aureus) was detected in one or both of the commercially available methods (oral swab and/or spit tubes), CandyCollect devices had a 100% concordance with the positive result (n = 14 participants). Furthermore, the CandyCollect device was ranked the highest preference sampling method among the three sampling methods by 26 participants surveyed (combining survey results across two enrollment groups). We also showed that the CandyCollect device has a shelf life of up to 1 year at room temperature, a storage period that is convenient for clinics or patients to keep the CandyCollect device and use it any time. Taken together, we have demonstrated that the CandyCollect is a user-friendly saliva collection tool that has the potential to be incorporated into diagnostic assays in clinic visits and telemedicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Chen Tu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Anika M McManamen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Xiaojing Su
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Ingrid Jeacopello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Meg G Takezawa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Damielle L Hieber
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Grant W Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Ulri N Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Eden V Anana
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Mason P Locknane
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Molly W Stephenson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Victoria A M Shinkawa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Ellen R Wald
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53792, United States
| | - Gregory P DeMuri
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53792, United States
| | - Karen N Adams
- Institute of Translational Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Erwin Berthier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Sanitta Thongpang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Nakorn Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Ashleigh B Theberge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tu WC, McManamen AM, Su X, Jeacopello I, Takezawa MG, Hieber DL, Hassan GW, Lee UN, Anana EV, Locknane MP, Stephenson MW, Shinkawa VAM, Wald ER, DeMuri GP, Adams K, Berthier E, Thongpang S, Theberge AB. At-home saliva sampling in healthy adults using CandyCollect, a lollipop-inspired device. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.14.524039. [PMID: 36711895 PMCID: PMC9882111 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.14.524039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory infections are common in children, and there is a need for user-friendly collection methods. Here, we performed the first human subjects study using the CandyCollect device, a lollipop inspired saliva collection device. 1 We showed the CandyCollect device can be used to collect salivary bacteria from healthy adults using Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus as proof-of-concept commensal bacteria. We enrolled healthy adults in a nationwide (USA) remote study in which participants were sent study packages containing CandyCollect devices and traditional commercially available oral swabs and spit tubes. Participants sampled themselves at home, completed usability and user preference surveys, and mailed the samples back to our laboratory for analysis by qPCR. Our results showed that for participants in which a given bacterium ( S. mutans or S. aureus ) was detected in one or both of the commercially available methods (oral swab and/or spit tubes), CandyCollect devices had a 100% concordance with the positive result (n=14 participants). Furthermore, the CandyCollect device was ranked the highest preference sampling method among the three sampling methods by 26 participants surveyed (combining survey results across two enrollment groups). We also showed that the CandyCollect device has a shelf life of up to 1 year at room temperature, a storage period that is convenient for clinics or patients to keep the CandyCollect device and use it any time. Taken together, we have demonstrated that the CandyCollect is a user-friendly saliva collection tool that has the potential to be incorporated into diagnostic assays in clinic visits and telemedicine. For Table of Contents Only
Collapse
|
5
|
Salim HP, Mallikarjun SB, Raju S, Surendranath AR. Randomized Clinical Trial of Oral Probiotic Streptococcus salivarius M18 on Salivary Streptococcus mutans in Preprimary Children. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023; 16:259-263. [PMID: 37519958 PMCID: PMC10373771 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The oral probiotic Streptococcus salivarius M18 (S M18) offers the potential to confer oral health benefits as it produces bacteriocins which are targeting Streptococcus mutans. Aims The purpose of this clinical trial was to assess the effect of S M18 probiotics on salivary S. mutans and to identify the correlation between dental caries with salivary S. mutans count. Materials and methods This clinical trial was conducted in 40 children between the age-group 3-6 years, subjects were randomly selected and the decay extracted filled (due to caries) (def score) was recorded. The presalivary unstimulated saliva was collected and subjected to microbiological examination for S. mutans counts, salivary pH, and buffering capacity. Children were divided into two groups as the control and the experimental group. bacteriocin like inhibitory substances M18 (M18 is a strain number) (BLIS M18) probiotic was administered in the experimental group, and unsweetened lozenge as a placebo in the control group for 7 days and postsalivary samples were collected and subjected to microbiological examinations for S. mutans count, salivary pH, and buffering capacity. Results A significant decrease in the S. mutans counts were noticed, an increase in buffering capacity, and no significant change in pH was observed after the intervention of S M18. A linear correlation was observed between the def score and S. mutans count. Conclusion This clinical trial revealed that S M18 in its 7 days regime can lead to the inhibition of S. mutans counts favorably in the oral cavity by affecting salivary pH and buffering capacity. How to cite this article Salim HP, Mallikarjun SB, Raju S, et al. Randomized Clinical Trial of Oral Probiotic Streptococcus salivarius M18 on Salivary Streptococcus mutans in Preprimary Children. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(2):259-263.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henna Palampadiyan Salim
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Coorg Institute of Dental Sciences, Virajpet, Karnataka, India
| | - Shanthala B Mallikarjun
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Coorg Institute of Dental Sciences, Virajpet, Karnataka, India
| | - Shashidara Raju
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Coorg Institute of Dental Sciences, Virajpet, Karnataka, India
| | - Austin R Surendranath
- Department of Biochemistry, Coorg Institute of Dental Sciences, Virajpet, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nguyen M, Dinis M, Lux R, Shi W, Tran NC. Correlation between Streptococcus mutans levels in dental plaque and saliva of children. J Oral Sci 2022; 64:290-293. [PMID: 36104181 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.22-0177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was designed to compare the levels of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) in saliva with those in occlusal plaque on posterior teeth at different stages of dentition, and to explore the correlation with caries experience to determine the most suitable source of S. mutans for research. METHODS Samples of saliva and occlusal plaque were collected from 83 patients (aged 3-17 years) over three months. S. mutans levels were determined by culture-based selective plating, morphological identification, and S.mutans-specific monoclonal antibody labeling. RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 8.8 (±3.7) years, and 74.7% of them were Hispanic. Mean caries experience for children with primary, mixed, and permanent dentition was 5.2 (±4.7), 4.0 (±3.3), and 0.8 (±1.3), respectively. Children with primary and mixed dentition had a higher caries experience than children with permanent dentition (P < 0.01), despite having similar S. mutans levels and total bacteria. A positive correlation was observed between S. mutans levels in plaque and those in saliva, but not between S. mutans levels and caries experience. It was noteworthy that plaque samples harbored higher S. mutans levels (>105 CFU/mL) than saliva samples. CONCLUSION Both plaque and saliva samples are useful sources for S. mutans isolation. S. mutans levels from both sources were not significantly correlated with caries experience, but occlusal plaque had greater sensitivity for quantification of high S. mutans levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Nguyen
- Section of Pediatric Dentistry, Division of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Márcia Dinis
- Section of Pediatric Dentistry, Division of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Renate Lux
- Section of Biosystems and Function, Division of Oral and Systematic Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles
| | | | - Nini C Tran
- Section of Pediatric Dentistry, Division of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kamble A, Jabin Z, Agarwal N, Anand A. Effectiveness of Oral Probiotics in Reducing S. Mutans Count in Caries-active Children: A Comparison with Chlorhexidine and Herbal Mouthrinse (Hiora®). Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022; 15:S207-S211. [PMID: 35645512 PMCID: PMC9108858 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The purpose of this study was to compare the reduction in salivary mutans streptococci counts and to evaluate any change in the salivary pH values after the use of oral probiotics, chlorhexidine, and herbal mouthrinse. Method Oral probiotics, chlorhexidine, and herbal mouthrinse [Hiora®] were evaluated for their efficacy against S. mutans in 75 caries-active children, aged 6-14 years. Results The values obtained were subjected to statistical analysis. Oral probiotics showed lesser reduction in the S. mutans count as compared to chlorhexidine but the values were statistically insignificant. Herbal mouthrinse was not as effective as the oral probiotics or chlorhexidine in reducing the S. mutans count. Conclusion Oral probiotics show a similar efficacy as the gold standard, chlorhexidine, in reduction of oral S. mutans. How to cite this article Kamble A, Jabin Z, Agarwal N, et al. Effectiveness of Oral Probiotics in Reducing S. Mutans Count in Caries-active Children: A Comparison with Chlorhexidine and Herbal Mouth-rinse (Hiora®). Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022;15(S-2):S207-S211.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anuja Kamble
- Department of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, Institute of Dental Studies and Technologies, Modinagar, Ghaziabad, India
- Anuja Kamble, Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Institute of Dental Studies and Technologies, Modinagar, Uttar Pradesh, India, Phone: +91 9673277260, e-mail:
| | - Zohra Jabin
- Department of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, Institute of Dental Studies and Technologies, Modinagar, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Nidhi Agarwal
- Department of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, Institute of Dental Studies and Technologies, Modinagar, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Ashish Anand
- Department of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, Institute of Dental Studies and Technologies, Modinagar, Ghaziabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Observational Study Regarding the Relationship between Nutritional Status, Dental Caries, Mutans Streptococci, and Lactobacillus Bacterial Colonies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18073551. [PMID: 33805541 PMCID: PMC8038087 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18073551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of dental caries and obesity is high as both raise significant health problems. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between dental caries, the number of salivary colonies forming units of Mutans Streptococci (MS) and Lactobacillus (LB), and the nutritional status in a group of children from Transylvania. This observational study used a sample of 154 school children, aged 9 to 12 years. The prevalence of caries was measured using the decayed, missing, and filled teeth index for deciduous teeth (dmft index) and for permanent teeth (DMFT index). Height and weight were assessed for each subject, and their body mass index (BMI) percentile was calculated. Salivary levels of Mutans Streptococci (MS) and Lactobacillus (LB) were determined using the CRT Bacteria Test from Ivoclar Vivadent. In our study, we found a positive association between the BMI percentile, MS count, LB count, tooth brushing frequency, and the incidence of dental caries in children aged 9 to 12 years old. Future preventive programs should include nutrition control in order to prevent both the apparition of dental caries and obesity in children.
Collapse
|
9
|
Babaeekhou L, Ghane M, Ezatzade F, Eftekhari Toroghi S. Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus distribution in the saliva and plaque of Iranian population: Higher prevalence of S. mutans serotypes f and k. Int J Dent Hyg 2021; 19:193-200. [PMID: 33369141 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to find the relation of the MS co-existence with the decayed, missing (Extracted) and filled teeth (DMFT) score and the prevalence of Streptococcus mutans serotypes in the Iranian population. METHODS In this cross-sectional research conducted in 2018, volunteers aged 10-60< years were measured by population selection criteria. PCR technique was used to screen MS serotypes in the homogenized saliva and plaque samples. RESULTS 499 subjects met the selection criteria of the study population. Out of 499 samples, 448 samples were finalized for serotype determination and DMFT relation evaluation. From 448, 348 (77.6%) samples harboured only S. mutans, 44 (9.8%) had both S. mutans and S. sobrinus, 6 (1.3%) were positive for S. sobrinus alone, and 94 (20.9%) were free of both specious. The mean DMFT score in people with S. mutans (6.7) was higher than S. mutans negative (4.6) participants (p < 0.05). In people with both S. mutans and S. sobrinus, the mean DMFT did not change significantly. The frequency of c, e, f and k serotypes was 47.7, 22.7, 27.5 and 22.1%, respectively. The mean DMFT score in participants with serotype e was significantly higher than others (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS People can acquire different S. mutans serotypes over a lifetime. The high prevalence rate of serotype k, a systemic S. mutans serotype, calls worldwide studies on the prevalence of serotype k strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laleh Babaeekhou
- Department of Biology, Islamshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr, Iran
| | - Maryam Ghane
- Department of Biology, Islamshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr, Iran
| | - Farshad Ezatzade
- Department of Biology, Islamshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Syafriza D, Sutadi H, Primasari A, Siregar Y. Spectrophotometric Analysis of Streptococcus mutans Growth and Biofilm Formation in Saliva and Histatin-5 Relate to pH and Viscosity. PESQUISA BRASILEIRA EM ODONTOPEDIATRIA E CLÍNICA INTEGRADA 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/pboci.2021.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
11
|
Streptococcus mutans, sugar consumption, and oral hygiene: Which one has more effect on decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) score in Iranian adults? Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2020; 17:134-141. [PMID: 32435436 PMCID: PMC7224268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Streptococcus mutans as an acid-generator of biofilm, sugar as a caries-conducive environment, and oral hygiene have been implicated as major etiological agents in dental caries. This study was designed to assess the association and impact of S. mutans, sugar consumption, and tooth brushing on decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) score in Iranian 20-30-year-old individuals and compare the effect of the three mentioned factors to find the most effective one. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 459 adults completed a Sugar Frequency Questionnaire and were examined for dental caries using DMFT index, sugar consumption level, and tooth brushing frequency per day. Saliva and plaque samples were collected, and the target population without Streptococcus sobrinus in their microbial oral community was selected using polymerase chain reaction technique. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and multiple linear regression tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS Nearly 77.1% of the study population were harboring S. mutans. Mean DMFT of the population was 6.62. Mean comparison analysis showed that there is a strong relationship between S. mutans existence in mouth flora and DMFT scores (P < 0.0001). Multiple linear regression test showed higher percentage of S. mutans contribution (28.2%) in DMFT score changes than sugar consumption (3.6%) and tooth brushing (0.7%). CONCLUSION This study provides a recent report from S. mutans frequency and DMFT score in Iranian adult population. It is also the first study that shows significantly higher impact of S. mutans in microbial population of mouth microflora on caries development than sugar consumption and oral hygiene. Accordingly, S. mutans screening program should be more highlighted in preventive strategies.
Collapse
|
12
|
Arshad AI, Ahmad P, Dummer PMH, Alam MK, Asif JA, Mahmood Z, Rahman NA, Mamat N. Citation Classics on Dental Caries: A Systematic Review. Eur J Dent 2020; 14:128-143. [PMID: 32189321 PMCID: PMC7069738 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1703419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective
A systematic search was performed for the identification and analysis of the 100 most often cited articles on dental caries and to highlight the changing trends in the field of dentistry over time.
Materials and Methods
The search was performed without any restriction on the study design, publication year, or language using the Web of Science (WoS) group of Clarivate Analytics enabling the search through “All Databases.” Based on the citation count as available in WoS, the articles were sorted in a descending manner. Information regarding each article was then extracted, which included its authorship, counts of citation (in other databases), citation density, current citation index (2019), publication year, country of publication, journal of article, evidence level based on study design, and keywords description.
Results
The count of citation for each article varied in each database, that is, 175 to 2,003 in WoS, 89 to 1,981 in Scopus, and 126 to 3,492 when searched in Google Scholar. The highest number of articles (
n
= 10) related to dental caries were published in 2004. A total of 301 authors made valuable contributions to this field, out of which J.D. Featherstone had coauthored 6 articles. A significant negative correlation (
p
< 0.01) was found between the age of the article and the citation density (
r
=–0.545). However, a nonsignificant correlation (
p
= 0.952) occurred between the age of publication and the citation count (
r
= 0.006).
Conclusion
The results of this systematic review provide a critical appraisal of the context underpinning scientific developments in the field of dental caries and also highlighted trends in clinical management and research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anas Imran Arshad
- Paediatric Dentistry Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia.,Paedodontics Department, Rashid Latif Dental College, Rashid Latif Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Paras Ahmad
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Paul M H Dummer
- School of Dentistry, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammad Khursheed Alam
- Orthodontic Department, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Jawaad Ahmed Asif
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Zuliani Mahmood
- Paediatric Dentistry Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Normastura Abd Rahman
- Department of Dental Public Health, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Noraida Mamat
- Paediatric Dentistry Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Amaral COFD, Straioto FG, Napimoga MH, Martinez EF. Caries experience and salivary aspects in individuals with fragile X syndrome. Braz Oral Res 2017; 31:e79. [PMID: 29019551 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2017.vol31.0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common cause of hereditary mental retardation, but studies on the oral health condition of these patients are rare. The aim of this study was to determine the experience of dental caries in individuals with FXS, by examining the saliva profile, oral hygiene, socioeconomic characteristics and use of controlled drugs in these patients. Dental health was estimated using the decayed, missing and filled teeth index (DMF-T) and sialometry, and the pH value and buffering capacity of the saliva, colony forming units of S. mutans (CFU/mL), visible biofilm index, and socioeconomic status were all examined. The sample, comprising 23 individuals, had an average age of 17.3 ± 5.6 years, a DMF-T index of 5.5, a diminished salivary flow (78.3%), and a low (73.9%) saliva buffering capacity. Most (52.2%) individuals presented with a high abundance (CFU/mL) of S. mutans. The experience of caries was correlated with salivary parameters, poor oral hygiene, lower socioeconomic status and an increased count of S. mutans in saliva.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabiana Gouveia Straioto
- Universidade do Oeste Paulista - UNOESTE, Department of Special Care Dentistry, Dental School, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Henrique Napimoga
- São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Antibacterial glass-ionomer cement restorative materials: A critical review on the current status of extended release formulations. J Control Release 2017; 262:317-328. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
15
|
Bifunctional dentifrice: Amorphous polyphosphate a regeneratively active sealant with potent anti- Streptococcus mutans activity. Dent Mater 2017; 33:753-764. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
16
|
Kamate WI, Vibhute NA, Baad RK. Estimation of DMFT, Salivary Streptococcus Mutans Count, Flow Rate, Ph, and Salivary Total Calcium Content in Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Women: A Prospective Study. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:ZC147-ZC151. [PMID: 28571283 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/24965.9516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pregnancy, a period from conception till birth, causes changes in the functioning of the human body as a whole and specifically in the oral cavity that may favour the emergence of dental caries. Many studies have shown pregnant women at increased risk for dental caries, however, specific salivary caries risk factors and the particular period of pregnancy at heightened risk for dental caries are yet to be explored and give a scope of further research in this area. AIM The aim of the present study was to assess the severity of dental caries in pregnant women compared to non-pregnant women by evaluating parameters like Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth (DMFT) index, salivary Streptococcus mutans count, flow rate, pH and total calcium content. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 50 first time pregnant women in the first trimester were followed during their second trimester, third trimester and postpartum period for the evaluation of DMFT by World Health Organization (WHO) scoring criteria, salivary flow rate by drooling method, salivary pH by pH meter, salivary total calcium content by bioassay test kit and salivary Streptococcus mutans count by semiautomatic counting of colonies grown on Mitis Salivarius (MS) agar supplemented by 0.2U/ml of bacitracin and 10% sucrose. The observations of pregnant women were then compared with same parameters evaluated in the 50 non-pregnant women. Paired t-test and Wilcoxon sign rank test were performed to assess the association between the study parameters. RESULTS Evaluation of different caries risk factors between pregnant and non-pregnant women clearly showed that pregnant women were at a higher risk for dental caries. Comparison of caries risk parameters during the three trimesters and postpartum period showed that the salivary Streptococcus mutans count had significantly increased in the second trimester, third trimester and postpartum period while the mean pH and mean salivary total calcium content decreased in the third trimester and postpartum period. These changes reflected on the DMFT score which increased in the third trimester and postpartum period. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that there is a definite correlation between pregnancy and dental caries. We conclude that the third trimester and postpartum period of pregnancy are the periods during which the pregnant women are at a higher risk for development of dental caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wasim Ismail Kamate
- Senior lecturer, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, School of Dental Sciences, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences Deemed University, Karad, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nupura Aniket Vibhute
- Reader, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, School of Dental Sciences, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences Deemed University, Karad, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rajendra Krishna Baad
- Professor and Head, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, School of Dental Sciences, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences Deemed University, Karad, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kucuk EB, Malkoc S, Demir A. Microcomputed tomography evaluation of white spot lesion remineralization with various procedures. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2017; 150:483-90. [PMID: 27585777 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2016.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to use microcomputed tomography to evaluate the effects on white spot lesions of 3 remineralizing agents compared with artificial saliva (Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey). The agents were GC Tooth Mousse (GC International, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan), 50-ppm sodium fluoride solution (Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey), and Clinpro 5000 (3M ESPE Dental Products (St Paul, Minn). The experimental and control teeth were stored in artificial saliva. METHODS Forty-four extracted premolars were divided into 4 groups of 11 teeth each (3 experimental groups and 1 control group). After white spot lesions were created on the teeth, a remineralizing agent was applied. Microcomputed tomography scanning was performed at the following times: T0 (sound enamel), T1 (day 0, when the white spot lesion was formed), T2 (day 15), and T3 (day 30). Volume, depth, surface area, and mineral density changes of the white spot lesions were evaluated at different time points using CTAn software (SkyScan; Bruker, Kontich, Belgium). RESULTS GC Tooth Mousse and Clinpro 5000 improved all measurements after 30 days. However, Clinpro 5000 was not as effective in reducing lesion depth as it was in the other parameters. The artificial saliva group and the 50-ppm sodium fluoride solution did not show significant effects in the regression of the white spot lesions at the end of the 30-day experiment. CONCLUSIONS GC Tooth Mousse and Clinpro 5000 were more effective in remineralization of white spot lesions than sodium fluoride solution and artificial saliva. They can be preferred for use clinically. Microcomputed tomography is a novel and effective method that shows promise in accurately evaluating white spot lesions and remineralization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eyup Burak Kucuk
- Assistant professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey.
| | - Siddik Malkoc
- Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Demir
- Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Caries-related factors and bacterial composition of supragingival plaques in caries free and caries active Algerian adults. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtb.2016.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
|
19
|
Chokshi A, Mahesh P, Sharada P, Chokshi K, Anupriya S, Ashwini BK. A correlative study of the levels of salivary Streptococcus mutans, lactobacilli and Actinomyces with dental caries experience in subjects with mixed and permanent dentition. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2016; 20:25-8. [PMID: 27194858 PMCID: PMC4860930 DOI: 10.4103/0973-029x.180916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of the study was to estimate the salivary levels of Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacilli and Actinomyces and to correlate it with dental caries experience in mixed and permanent dentition. Materials and Methods: The sample size comprised 110 subjects. The decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) index of all the individuals participating in the study was calculated. Saliva samples were collected from patients and samples were inoculated on specific culture media and incubated for a period of 48 h. Based on colony characteristics, S. mutans, Lactobacilli and Actinomyces were identified. Results: A positive correlation exists between DMFT and S. mutans, Lactobacilli and Actinomyces in mixed dentition and permanent dentition group samples (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The conclusion from the results obtained was that S. Mutans, lactobacilli and Actinomyces which are the components of the normal microbial flora of the oral cavity play an important role in the pathogenesis of dental caries and increased number of microorganisms is associated with an increased caries frequency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Achala Chokshi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Narsinhbhai Patel Dental College and Hospital, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Visnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Pushpalatha Mahesh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, AECS Maruti College of Dental Science and Research Centre, Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - P Sharada
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, AECS Maruti College of Dental Science and Research Centre, Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Krunal Chokshi
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Ahmedabad Dental College and Hospital, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - S Anupriya
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, AECS Maruti College of Dental Science and Research Centre, Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - B K Ashwini
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, AECS Maruti College of Dental Science and Research Centre, Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Manju M, Prathyusha P, Joseph E, Kaul RB, Shanthraj SL, Sethi N. Evaluation of the effect of three supplementary oral hygiene measures on salivary mutans streptococci levels in children: A randomized comparative clinical trial. Eur J Dent 2016; 9:462-469. [PMID: 26929682 PMCID: PMC4745225 DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.172616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effect of tongue scraping, tongue brushing, and saturated saline on salivary MS levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS A single-blinded, randomized, parallel group clinical trial was conducted in children aged 9-12 years. Total sample of 45 subjects were randomly assigned to three groups, that is, Group A, Group B, and Group C comprised of 15 each. Group A, Group B, and Group C were asked to do tongue scraping, tongue brushing and saturated saline rinsing twice daily, respectively for 21 days. Saliva samples, collected from the subjects on the baseline, 7(th) day and 21(st) day, were inoculated on mitis salivarius bacitracin agar and incubated at 37°C for 48 h. The mean streptococcal colony forming counts were enumerated. The data were subjected to statistical analysis using Wilcoxon signed rank sum test for intragroup comparisons and Mann-Whitney U-test for intergroup comparisons. RESULTS Intragroup comparisons showed statistically significant reduction in MS levels (P < 0.01). However, the intergroup comparisons showed no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION The oral hygiene measures evaluated proved equal efficacy in reducing the colony counts. Hence, there is a need to emphasize the importance of incorporating supplementary oral hygiene measures in daily oral care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Manju
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Dr. Syamala Reddy Dental College Hospital and Research Center, Munnekolala, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - P Prathyusha
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, C.K.S Teja Institute of Dental Sciences, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Elizabeth Joseph
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Pushpagiri College of Dental Sciences, Thiruvalla, Kerala, India
| | - Rupali Borkar Kaul
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Darshan Dental College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Srinivas L Shanthraj
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Coorg Institute of Dental Sciences, Virajpet, Karnataka, India
| | - Ntasha Sethi
- Consultant Pediatric Dentist, Total Dental Care, Najafgarh, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Saeed S, Bshara N, Trak J, Mahmoud G. Effect of dietary combinations on plaque pH recovery after the intake of pediatric liquid analgesics. Eur J Dent 2015; 9:340-345. [PMID: 26430360 PMCID: PMC4569983 DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.163220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To study the effect of water, halloumi cheese and sugar-free (SF) chewing gum on plaque pH recovery after the intake of sweetened PLAs. Settings and Design: A randomized clinical trial was conducted on 17 children (10 females, 7 males) aged 11–12 years with DFT/dft of more than 3. Materials and Methods: Each volunteer tested paracetamol and ibuprofen suspension alone or followed with water, halloumi cheese or SF gum, as well as 10% sucrose and 10% sorbitol as controls. Plaque pH was measured using the sampling method before and after 5, 10, 15, 20, 30 min of ingestion. Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance followed by least significant difference test to assess minimum pH (min pH), maximum pH drop (ΔpH), and the area under baseline pH, and P value was set as 0.05. Results: Both ibuprofen and paracetamol were not significantly different from 10% sucrose in terms of min pH, ΔpH, and area under baseline pH except for min pH of ibuprofen (P = 0.034). Water and halloumi cheese did not have a significant effect on plaque pH recovery after the intake of both analgesics as min pH, ΔpH, and area under baseline pH were similar to 10% sucrose except for min pH of ibuprofen + water (P = 0.048). However, plaque pH variables after chewing SF gum for 20 min were similar to 10% sorbitol. Conclusion: Chewing SF gum immediately after the intake of sweetened PLAs for 20 min restores plaque pH and could be recommended as a complementary aid in caries prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaam Saeed
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Damascus University, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Nada Bshara
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Damascus University, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Juliana Trak
- Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Damascus University, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Ghiath Mahmoud
- Department of Orthodontics and Orofacial Orthopedics, Damascus University, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Jalalian E, Mofrad G, Ahmadpour S. Adhesion of Streptococcus Mutans to Glass Ionomer, BisCem Cement and Enamel: An in Vitro Study. JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY (TEHRAN, IRAN) 2015; 12:678-85. [PMID: 27148379 PMCID: PMC4854747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Considering the adhesion of some microorganisms such as Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) to restorative materials and the unrecognized consequences of this phenomenon, and due to the controversies in this regard, it is important to discover the materials to which the lowest adhesion of S. mutans occurs. The objective of this study was to assess the level of adhesion of S. mutans to glass ionomer (GI), BisCem Cement and enamel. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this in vitro experimental study, 12 specimens including five GI blocks (GC America Inc., Alsip, IL, USA), five BisCem blocks (Bisco Inc., Schaumburg, IL, USA) and two enamel blocks were exposed to a bacterial suspension (1×10(6) mg/mL). After incubation for one hour at 37°C, the swab samples were taken and cultured in blood agar. The S. mutans colonies were counted by unaided vision after 48 hours of incubation. The results were analyzed using ANOVA followed by the Tukey's test. RESULTS The number of colonies attributed to enamel, GI, and BisCem blocks was 24±2, 24.2±2.7 and 14.8±1.7 colonies/mm(2), respectively. There was no difference between enamel and GI in terms of adhesion of S. mutans (P=0.08 and P>0.001, respectively); however, the difference between these two and BisCem was statistically significant (P= 0.00075 and P<0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this study, BisCem cement is superior to GI for the cementation of indirect restorations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ezzatollah Jalalian
- Associate Professor, Department of Fix Prosthodontics, Member of Implant Research Center, Dental Branch, Azad University of Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghazal Mofrad
- Dentist, MPH, University of Nevada, LV, School of Community Health Sciences, Nevada, USA,Corresponding author: G. Mofrad, MPH, University of Nevada, LV, School of Community Health Sciences, Nevada, USA
| | - Sogol Ahmadpour
- Dentist, Resident of Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Dental Branch, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Sidhu GK, Mantha S, Murthi S, Sura H, Kadaru P, Jangra JK. Evaluation of Lactobacillus and Streptococcus mutans by Addition of Probiotics in the form of Curd in the Diet. J Int Oral Health 2015; 7:85-9. [PMID: 26229377 PMCID: PMC4513783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms which when taken in adequate amounts provide a health benefit on the host. They have been used to improve gastrointestinal health, and their popularity has prompted increased interest for their role in the promotion of oral health also. The study was undertaken to evaluate the influence of diet alteration on oral microflora with the addition of probiotics in the form of curd in the diet. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sample pool included total 20 children, 15 in experimental group; who were given curd containing probiotic bacteria in their diet daily and 5 children in control group; who were contradicted of food containing probiotics. All the children were followed for over a period of 1-year. A pre and post quantitative analysis of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli were done in the saliva of both active and control groups, and caries score was recorded. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED The data thus compiled were statistically evaluated using Chi-square test and Pearson correlation on SPSS software version 14. RESULTS In experimental group, 87% children showed decrease and 7% showed increase in S. mutans count (P = 0.83), whereas 67% showed increase and 7% decrease in Lactobacilli count (P = 0.002) after 1-year of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Probiotics are upcoming as an intriguing field in oral health. Efforts should be made to increase the knowledge of the general dental practitioners with this facet of oral disease therapy and promote the implementation of the concept of "food rather than medicine."
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gagandeep Kaur Sidhu
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Maharaja Ganga Singh Dental College and Research Centre, Sriganganagar, Rajasthan, India,Correspondence: Dr. Sidhu GK. Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Maharaja Ganga Singh Dental College and Research Centre, Sriganganagar, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Somasundar Mantha
- Senior lecturer, Department of Pedodontics, Chhattisgarh Dental College & Research Institute, Rajnandgaon, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Surekha Murthi
- Reader, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, S.B. Patil Dental College, Bidar, Karnataka, India
| | - Himagiri Sura
- Professor, Department of Conservative & Endodontics, Azamgarh Dental College, Azamgarh, India
| | - Pravallika Kadaru
- Private practitioner, Department of Dental surgeon, Mamata Dental College and Hospital, Khammam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Jogender Kumar Jangra
- Senior lecturer, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Teerthankar Mahaveer Dental College and Hospital, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
de Souza PMDES, Proença MAM, Franco MM, Rodrigues VP, Costa JF, Costa EL. Association between early childhood caries and maternal caries status: A cross-section study in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil. Eur J Dent 2015; 9:122-126. [PMID: 25713495 PMCID: PMC4319288 DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.149659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate the association between early childhood caries (ECC) and maternal caries status, and the maternal perception of ECC risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out with 77 mother-child pairs, the children ranging from 12 to 36 months of age and their mothers, who were seeking dental care at a health center in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil. Data collection was conducted using a specific questionnaire for mothers. Oral clinical examination of the mother-child binomial to assess caries incidence, gingival bleeding (GB) and visible plaque was done. Home visits were performed in 10% of the sample in order to observe the environmental conditions, dietary habits and dental hygiene practices. RESULTS The findings showed that the caries prevalence in children was 22.5 times higher in the mother who had decayed tooth (prevalence ratio [PR] = 22.5, confidence interval [CI] 95% = 3.2-156.6, P < 0.001). GB also was observed in 14 mothers and children, the PR in pair was 12.2 (CI95% = 1.6-88.9, P < 0.001). The variables are related for the mother-child binomial in regression linear analysis. CONCLUSION The maternal caries status was associated with ECC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mayra Moura Franco
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | | | - José Ferreira Costa
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Lima Costa
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Jagathrakshakan SN, Sethumadhava RJ, Mehta DT, Ramanathan A. 16S rRNA gene-based metagenomic analysis identifies a novel bacterial co-prevalence pattern in dental caries. Eur J Dent 2015; 9:127-132. [PMID: 25713496 PMCID: PMC4319289 DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.149661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To identify the prevalence of acidogenic and nonacidogenic bacteria in patients with polycaries lesions, and to ascertain caries specific bacterial prevalence in relation to noncaries controls. Materials and Methods: Total genomic DNA extracted from saliva of three adults and four children from the same family were subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis on a next generation sequencer, the PGS-Ion Torrent. Those bacterial genera with read counts > 1000 were considered as significant in each of the subject and used to associate the occurrence with caries. Results and Conclusion: Sequencing analysis indicated a higher prevalence of Streptococcus, Rothia, Granulicatella, Gemella, Actinomyces, Selenomonas, Haemophilus and Veillonella in the caries group relative to controls. While higher prevalence of Streptococcus, Rothia and Granulicatella were observed in all caries samples, the prevalence of others was observable in 29–57% of samples. Interestingly, Rothia and Selenomonas, which are known to occur within anaerobic environments of dentinal caries and subgingival plaque biofilms, were seen in the saliva of these caries patients. Taken together, the study has identified for the first time a unique co-prevalence pattern of bacteria in caries patients that may be explored as distinct caries specific bacterial signature to predict cariogenesis in high-risk primary and mixed dentition age groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sri Nisha Jagathrakshakan
- Department of Prosthodontia, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath University, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Raghavendra Jayesh Sethumadhava
- Department of Prosthodontia, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath University, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dhaval Tushar Mehta
- Department of Human Genetics Laboratory, Central Research Facility, Sree Balaji Medical and Dental College and Hospital, Bharath University, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arvind Ramanathan
- Department of Human Genetics Laboratory, Central Research Facility, Sree Balaji Medical and Dental College and Hospital, Bharath University, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|